英语四级备考：关系副词辨析精讲——「where/when/why」的选择秘籍

在英语四级的备考过程中，关系副词的辨析是一个重要的知识点。特别是「where/when/why」这三个关系副词的选择，常常让考生感到困惑。本文将详细解析这三个关系副词的选择依据，并附上20例练习题，帮助考生掌握这一知识点。

一、关系副词的基本概念

关系副词是指在定语从句中起状语作用的关联词，常见的有「when, where, why」。它们的主要功能是修饰先行词，并在从句中充当时间、地点或原因的状语。

二、关系副词的选择依据

1. 根据先行词在从句中的语法功能

• When：引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，且在从句中作时间状语。
• 例句：The day when we first met was unforgettable.
• 解析：先行词「the day」表示时间，在从句中作时间状语，因此用「when」。

• Where：引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点的名词，且在从句中作地点状语。

• 例句：This is the place where we first met.
• 解析：先行词「the place」表示地点，在从句中作地点状语，因此用「where」。

• Why：引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示原因的名词，且在从句中作原因状语。

• 例句：The reason why he was late is unknown.
• 解析：先行词「the reason」表示原因，在从句中作原因状语，因此用「why」。

2. 根据句意和逻辑关系

有时候，选择关系副词还需要根据句子的整体意思和逻辑关系来判断。

• 例句：I still remember the day when I met my best friend.
• 解析：虽然「the day」也可以用「on which」引导，但「when」更符合日常表达习惯，且句意更加通顺。

三、实战练习

为了帮助考生更好地掌握关系副词的选择，以下附上20例练习题：

1. The city ______ I was born is known for its beautiful scenery.
2. The reason ______ he was late is still unknown.
3. We will never forget the day ______ we won the game.
4. This is the place ______ we used to play as children.
5. Do you know the reason ______ he was absent from school?
6. The year ______ she graduated from college was 2010.
7. The hotel ______ we stayed last night was very comfortable.
8. I can’t forget the moment ______ I met my idol.
9. The reason ______ he resigned is still a mystery.
10. The park ______ we had a picnic was very beautiful.
11. The time ______ we spent together last summer was unforgettable.
12. The store ______ I bought this book is on the corner.
13. The reason ______ she was happy was that she passed the exam.
14. The city ______ we are going to visit next week is famous for its history.
15. The day ______ we got married was the happiest day of our lives.
16. The reason ______ he was fired is still unclear.
17. The place ______ we had dinner last night was very cozy.
18. The time ______ we watched the movie was very enjoyable.
19. The reason ______ she was crying is still unknown.
20. The park ______ we took a walk was very peaceful.

四、总结

通过以上讲解和练习，相信考生们对关系副词「where/when/why」的选择有了更清晰的认识。在备考过程中，考生应多做练习，熟悉不同语境下的用法，提升解题能力。希望本文能为考生们的英语四级备考提供有力的帮助。

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