Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1、Question 1 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A To satisfy the curiosity of tourists.
B To replace two old stone bridges.
C To enable tourists to visit Goat Island.
D To improve utility services in the state.
答案解析：
News Report One
New York State plans to shut off the thundering waters of Niagara Falls—again. At least, the American side of the falls. This “once in a lifetime” event actually may take place twice in some folks’ lives.
The New York State parks system wants to turn off the falls on the American side sometime in the next two to three years to replace two 115-year-old stone bridges that allow（1）pedestrians, park vehicles and utilities access to Goat Island. The American side of the falls were shut off in 1969 to study the buildup of rock at the base of the falls. When that happened, people came from all over the world to see the falls turned off.
People are curious by nature. They want to see what’s underneath. （2）In fact, those who first came to have a look did see something. They found millions of coins on the bottom.
1.Why does New York State want to turn off Niagara Falls?
解析：B。 该题目为细节题。问题为：为什么纽约州想要关掉尼亚加拉瀑布？根据问题关键词“turn off the fall”定位原文。根据原文“The New York State parks system wants to turn off the falls on the American side sometime in the next two to three years to replace two 115-year-old stone bridges that allow pedestrians, park vehicles and utilities access to Goat Island”，纽约州立公园系统计划在未来两年到三年，关闭在美国一侧的尼亚加拉大瀑布，因为要更换两座有115年历史的石桥，这两座石桥之前是行人及车辆上岛的通道和停车场所。原文与选项B) To replace two old stone bridges，更换两座古老的石桥，表达一致。采用视听一致和选项关键词再现率原则，可以选出正确答案B。
2、Question 2 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A Countless tree limbs.
B A few skeletons.
C Lots of wrecked boats and ships.
D Millions of coins on the bottom.
答案解析：
News Report One
New York State plans to shut off the thundering waters of Niagara Falls—again. At least, the American side of the falls. This “once in a lifetime” event actually may take place twice in some folks’ lives.
The New York State parks system wants to turn off the falls on the American side sometime in the next two to three years to replace two 115-year-old stone bridges that allow（1）pedestrians, park vehicles and utilities access to Goat Island. The American side of the falls were shut off in 1969 to study the buildup of rock at the base of the falls. When that happened, people came from all over the world to see the falls turned off.
People are curious by nature. They want to see what’s underneath. （2）In fact, those who first came to have a look did see something. They found millions of coins on the bottom.
2. What did people find when Niagara Falls were shut off in 1969?
解析：D。该题目为细节题。问题为：1969年 尼亚加拉瀑布关闭时，人们有什么发现？出题点位置在报道尾端尾句。考点出自原文“They found millions of coins on the bottom”一句，他们发现瀑布底下有数百万枚硬币。选项D) Millions of coins on the bottom，其含义和形式与该内容完全一致。采用视听一致和选项关键词再现率原则，可以选出正确答案D。
3、Question 3 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A It suspended diplomatic relations with Libya.
B It urged tourists to leave Tunisia immediately.
C It shut down two border crossings with Libya.
D It launched a fierce attack against Islamic State.
答案解析：
News Report Two
The Tunisian government said on Monday that 45 people have been killed after gunmen attacked a town near the border with Libya.
The Interior and Defense ministries said that the Tunisian government（3）has closed its two border crossings with Libya because of the attack.
The Tunisian military has sent reinforcements and helicopters to the area, and authorities have been hunting several attackers who were still at large.
The violence came amid increasing international concern about Islamic State extremists in Libya. Officials of the Tunisian government are especially worried after dozens of tourists were killed in the attacks in Tunisia last year.
Defense Minister Farhat Horchani said last week that German and American security experts were expected to come（4）to help Tunisia devise a new electronic video supervision system on its border with Libya.
Tunisia was targeted last year by three attacks that left 70 people dead and were claimed by Islamic State.
3. What did the Tunisian government do after the gunmen’s attack?
解析：C。该题目为细节题。问题为：枪击事件后，突尼斯政府采取了什么措施？根据问题关键字“Tunisian government”“attack”定位文章出处：The Interior and Defense ministries said that the Tunisian government has closed its two border crossings with Libya because of the attack. 内政和国防部表示突尼斯政府已经关闭了邻近利比亚的两个过境处。选项C）It shut down two border crossings with Libya，与原文内容含义一致。选项中shut down和 close为同义替换，译为“关闭”。因此正确答案为C。
4、Question 4 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A Advise Tunisian civilians on how to take safety precautions.
B Track down the organization responsible for the terrorist attack.
C Train qualified security personnel for the Tunisian government.
D Devise a monitoring system on the Tunisian border with Libya.
答案解析：
News Report Two
The Tunisian government said on Monday that 45 people have been killed after gunmen attacked a town near the border with Libya.
The Interior and Defense ministries said that the Tunisian government（3）has closed its two border crossings with Libya because of the attack.
The Tunisian military has sent reinforcements and helicopters to the area, and authorities have been hunting several attackers who were still at large.
The violence came amid increasing international concern about Islamic State extremists in Libya. Officials of the Tunisian government are especially worried after dozens of tourists were killed in the attacks in Tunisia last year.
Defense Minister Farhat Horchani said last week that German and American security experts were expected to come（4）to help Tunisia devise a new electronic video supervision system on its border with Libya.
Tunisia was targeted last year by three attacks that left 70 people dead and were claimed by Islamic State.
4. What were German and American security experts expected to do in Tunisia?
解析：D。该题目为细节题。问题是：德国和美国安全专家会在突尼斯采取什么行动？根据问题关键字“German and American security experts”定位文章出处：Defense Minister Farhat Horchani said last week that German and American security experts were expected to come to help Tunisia devise a new electronic video supervision system on its border with Libya.德国和美国安全专家会来帮助突尼斯在其与利比亚的边境建立一个新的电子视频监控系统。选项D）Devise a monitoring system on the Tunisian border with Libya，与原文内容一致程度最高，其中monitoring 和 video-supervision system 都有监控的意思，两者为同义替换，monitoring是上位词。因此，此题目正确答案为D。
5、Question 5 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A An environment-friendly battery.
B An energy-saving mobile phone.
C A plant-powered mobile phone charger.
D A device to help plants absorb sunlight.
答案解析：
News Report Three
Three university students in Santiago, Chile, have（5）developed a plant-powered device to charge their mobile phones.
The three engineering students（6）got the idea for the device while sitting in their school’s courtyard. Their invention is a small biological circuit they call E-Kaia. （7）It captures the energy which plants produce during photosynthesis—a process of converting sunlight into energy.
A plant uses only a small part of the energy produced by that process. The rest goes into the soil. E-Kaia collects that energy. The device plugs into the ground and then into a mobile phone.
The E-Kaia solved two problems for the engineering students. They needed an idea for a class project. They also needed an outlet to plug in their phones.
One of the student inventors, Camila Rupcich, says the device changes the energy released from the plant into low-level power to charge phones.
The E-Kaia is able to fully recharge a mobile phone in less than two hours.
5. What did the three university students invent?
解析：C。该题目为细节题。问题是：三名大学生发明了什么？原句出现在报道首句。根据问题关键词“ university students”定位文章出处：Three university students in Santiago, Chile, have developed a plant-powered device to charge their mobile phones. 三名智利圣地亚哥的大学生已经研发一种植物充电设备来为他们的手机充电。选项C）A plant-powered mobile phone charger，与原文信息一致。因此，此题目正确答案为C。
6、Question 6 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A While sitting in their schools courtyard.
B While playing games on their phones.
C While solving a mathematical problem.
D While doing a chemical experiment.
答案解析：
News Report Three
Three university students in Santiago, Chile, have（5）developed a plant-powered device to charge their mobile phones.
The three engineering students（6）got the idea for the device while sitting in their school’s courtyard. Their invention is a small biological circuit they call E-Kaia. （7）It captures the energy which plants produce during photosynthesis—a process of converting sunlight into energy.
A plant uses only a small part of the energy produced by that process. The rest goes into the soil. E-Kaia collects that energy. The device plugs into the ground and then into a mobile phone.
The E-Kaia solved two problems for the engineering students. They needed an idea for a class project. They also needed an outlet to plug in their phones.
One of the student inventors, Camila Rupcich, says the device changes the energy released from the plant into low-level power to charge phones.
The E-Kaia is able to fully recharge a mobile phone in less than two hours.
6. When did they get the idea for the invention?
解析：A。该题目为细节题。问题是：他们在什么时候萌发了这个创意？根据问题关键词“idea”定位文章出处：The three engineering students got the idea for the device while sitting in their school’s courtyard.他们坐在学校操场上时萌发了用植物给手机充电的创意。选项A）While sitting in their schools courtyard，与原文内容视听一致。因此，此题目正确答案为A。
7、Question 7 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A It increases the applications of mobile phones.
B It speeds up the process of photosynthesis.
C It improves the reception of mobile phones.
D It collects the energy released by plants.
答案解析：
News Report Three
Three university students in Santiago, Chile, have（5）developed a plant-powered device to charge their mobile phones.
The three engineering students（6）got the idea for the device while sitting in their school’s courtyard. Their invention is a small biological circuit they call E-Kaia. （7）It captures the energy which plants produce during photosynthesis—a process of converting sunlight into energy.
A plant uses only a small part of the energy produced by that process. The rest goes into the soil. E-Kaia collects that energy. The device plugs into the ground and then into a mobile phone.
The E-Kaia solved two problems for the engineering students. They needed an idea for a class project. They also needed an outlet to plug in their phones.
One of the student inventors, Camila Rupcich, says the device changes the energy released from the plant into low-level power to charge phones.
The E-Kaia is able to fully recharge a mobile phone in less than two hours.
7. What does the speaker say about the invention?
解析：D。该题目为细节题。问题是：关于这项发明，叙述者说了什么？根据问题关键词较难定位，故可从选项入手。选项A“增加手机应用数量”和选项C“改善手机信号”并没有在文章中出现，B、D都有原文词“photosynthesis”和“released”。但是B 选项翻译为：加快光合作用进程。D 译为：搜集植物释放的能量。文章出处：It captures the energy which plants produce during photosynthesis—a process of converting sunlight into energy. 捕捉在光合作用中产生的能量。选项B为细节的拼凑，但是翻译出来与原文不符。D选项是原文的改写。其中，capture表示“捕捉”，collect表示“搜集”，两个词是同义替换。因此，此题目正确答案为D。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
8、Question 8 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A He visited the workshops in the Grimsby plant.
B He called the woman and left her a message.
C He used stand-ins as replacements on all lines.
D He asked a technician to fix the broken production line.
答案解析：
Conversation One
M: Good morning. What can I do for you?
W: Good morning. Could I talk to Jeffry Harding please?
M: Speaking.
W: Hello, Jeff. It’s Helen.（8）I got your message on the answering machine. What’s the problem?
M: Oh, Helen. Well, it’s the Grimsby plant again, I’m afraid. The（9）robots on Line 3 have gone wrong. And the line is at a standstill.
W: Can’t you replace them with the stand-ins?
M: I’m afraid not. The stand-ins are already in use on Line 6. And the ones from Line 6 are being serviced.
W: When did this happen, Jeff?
M: Well, they’ve been making a low continuous sound for a day or two. But they finally went dead at 2:30 this afternoon.
W: I see. What did you do? Have you tried the whole plant?
M: Not yet, Helen.（10）I thought I’d better get your OK first.
W: OK. Get on the phone to Tom, and try to get their stand-ins over tonight. We have to be back at full capacity tomorrow morning. Is it a major job to repair our robots?
M: About a week. That’s what the maintenance engineer says.
W: Right. Well, if you can get the ones from Tom, please ask Tom to inform Sheffield that he may need their stand-ins in case of emergency during the next week.
M: OK. Thank you very much, Helen.
W: You are most welcome.
M: （11）Sorry to spoil your day off.
W: It doesn’t matter.
8. What did the man do before the telephone conversation?
解析：B。该题目为推理题。问题是：这位男士打电话前做了什么？答案在对话开头的第一个话题寒暄和介绍处。“I got your message on the answering machine. Whats the problem? ”，女士表示她在电话留言机上听到了男士的留言。选项B） He called the woman and left her a message，他打电话给女士留言了，与此相符。与新闻听力不同，长对话以听懂对话场景和分话题为核心原则，结合视听一致原则，“message”再现。因此，此题目正确答案为B。
9、Question 9 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A It is the most modern production line.
B It assembles super-intelligent robots.
C It has stopped working completely.
D It is going to be upgraded soon.
答案解析：
Conversation One
M: Good morning. What can I do for you?
W: Good morning. Could I talk to Jeffry Harding please?
M: Speaking.
W: Hello, Jeff. It’s Helen.（8）I got your message on the answering machine. What’s the problem?
M: Oh, Helen. Well, it’s the Grimsby plant again, I’m afraid. The（9）robots on Line 3 have gone wrong. And the line is at a standstill.
W: Can’t you replace them with the stand-ins?
M: I’m afraid not. The stand-ins are already in use on Line 6. And the ones from Line 6 are being serviced.
W: When did this happen, Jeff?
M: Well, they’ve been making a low continuous sound for a day or two. But they finally went dead at 2:30 this afternoon.
W: I see. What did you do? Have you tried the whole plant?
M: Not yet, Helen.（10）I thought I’d better get your OK first.
W: OK. Get on the phone to Tom, and try to get their stand-ins over tonight. We have to be back at full capacity tomorrow morning. Is it a major job to repair our robots?
M: About a week. That’s what the maintenance engineer says.
W: Right. Well, if you can get the ones from Tom, please ask Tom to inform Sheffield that he may need their stand-ins in case of emergency during the next week.
M: OK. Thank you very much, Helen.
W: You are most welcome.
M: （11）Sorry to spoil your day off.
W: It doesn’t matter.
9. What does the man say about line 3 in the Grimsby plant?
解析：C。该题目为细节题。问题是：关于Grimsby工厂的三号线，男士说了什么？对话中，男士的话是关键点，根据问题关键词“Line 3 in the Grimsby plant”定位原文：Well, it’s the Grimsby plant again, I’m afraid. The robots on Line 3 have gone wrong. And the line is at a standstill. 三号线上机器人出了故障，所以整条线路陷入瘫痪。选项C）It has stopped working completely，三号线路彻底停止工作，与原文信息是同义替换。因此，正确答案为C。
10、Question 10 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A To seek her permission.
B To place an order for robots.
C To request her to return at once.
D To ask for Tom’s phone number.
答案解析：
Conversation One
M: Good morning. What can I do for you?
W: Good morning. Could I talk to Jeffry Harding please?
M: Speaking.
W: Hello, Jeff. It’s Helen.（8）I got your message on the answering machine. What’s the problem?
M: Oh, Helen. Well, it’s the Grimsby plant again, I’m afraid. The（9）robots on Line 3 have gone wrong. And the line is at a standstill.
W: Can’t you replace them with the stand-ins?
M: I’m afraid not. The stand-ins are already in use on Line 6. And the ones from Line 6 are being serviced.
W: When did this happen, Jeff?
M: Well, they’ve been making a low continuous sound for a day or two. But they finally went dead at 2:30 this afternoon.
W: I see. What did you do? Have you tried the whole plant?
M: Not yet, Helen.（10）I thought I’d better get your OK first.
W: OK. Get on the phone to Tom, and try to get their stand-ins over tonight. We have to be back at full capacity tomorrow morning. Is it a major job to repair our robots?
M: About a week. That’s what the maintenance engineer says.
W: Right. Well, if you can get the ones from Tom, please ask Tom to inform Sheffield that he may need their stand-ins in case of emergency during the next week.
M: OK. Thank you very much, Helen.
W: You are most welcome.
M: （11）Sorry to spoil your day off.
W: It doesn’t matter.
10. What is the man’s purpose in calling the woman?
解析：A。该题目为细节题。问题是：男士给女士打电话的目的是什么？此题目对应原文为：Not yet, Helen. I thought I’d better get your OK first.男士认为他最好先得到女士的同意。与选项A）To seek her permission，寻求女士的同意，与原文内容属于同义替换。因此，此题目正确答案为A。
11、Question 11 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A She is on duty.
B She is having her day off.
C She is on sick leave.
D She is abroad on business.
答案解析：
Conversation One
M: Good morning. What can I do for you?
W: Good morning. Could I talk to Jeffry Harding please?
M: Speaking.
W: Hello, Jeff. It’s Helen.（8）I got your message on the answering machine. What’s the problem?
M: Oh, Helen. Well, it’s the Grimsby plant again, I’m afraid. The（9）robots on Line 3 have gone wrong. And the line is at a standstill.
W: Can’t you replace them with the stand-ins?
M: I’m afraid not. The stand-ins are already in use on Line 6. And the ones from Line 6 are being serviced.
W: When did this happen, Jeff?
M: Well, they’ve been making a low continuous sound for a day or two. But they finally went dead at 2:30 this afternoon.
W: I see. What did you do? Have you tried the whole plant?
M: Not yet, Helen.（10）I thought I’d better get your OK first.
W: OK. Get on the phone to Tom, and try to get their stand-ins over tonight. We have to be back at full capacity tomorrow morning. Is it a major job to repair our robots?
M: About a week. That’s what the maintenance engineer says.
W: Right. Well, if you can get the ones from Tom, please ask Tom to inform Sheffield that he may need their stand-ins in case of emergency during the next week.
M: OK. Thank you very much, Helen.
W: You are most welcome.
M: （11）Sorry to spoil your day off.
W: It doesn’t matter.
11. Where is the woman at the time of the conversation?
解析：B。该题目为细节题。问题是：打电话时，女士在哪里？原文出现在对话最后，符合考题均匀分布原则。男士表示“Sorry to spoil your day off”，即很抱歉毁了女士的假期。选项B）She is having her day off（她正在休假）与原文意思一致。其中，“day off”是“假期”的含义。此题目采用视听一致可以做出正确选择。因此，此题目正确答案为B。
12、Question 12 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A He saved a baby boy’s life.
B He wanted to be a superhero.
C He prevented a train crash.
D He was a witness to an accident.
答案解析：
Conversation Two
W: This is Kerry Burke from New York Daily News. I’m speaking to Delroy Simmonds, an（13）unemployed Brooklyn man who missed a job interview Tuesday for the best of reasons: （12）He was saving the life of a 9-month-old boy who was blown into the path of an oncoming subway train by a high wind.
M: Everybody is making me out to be some sort of superhero. I’m just an ordinary person, and a father of two. Anybody in that situation would have done what I did.
W: You were going to an interview when the incident occurred, right?
M: Yes, I was on my way to apply for a maintenance position. I’ve been looking for a job for a year and more. I’m looking for something to support my family.
W: Tell us what happened at the station.
M: （14）There was a strong wind. It had to be 30 to 40 miles an hour. There was a woman with four kids. One was in a pushchair. The wind blew the baby onto the tracks.
W: Witnesses said people were looking on in horror as the child’s mother, identified by sources as Maria Zamara, （15）stood frozen in shock. In the distance, people could see the train rounding a bend, headed into the station. I guess you were not aware of any of these, right?
M: No. I just jumped down and grabbed the baby. The train was coming around the corner as I lifted the baby from the tracks. I really wasn’t thinking.
W: What an amazing story. Thank you very much.
12. What did Kerry Burke from New York Daily News say about the man?
解析：A。该题目为细节题。问题是：关于那位男士，《纽约每日新闻》的Kerry Burke说了什么？根据原文“He was saving the life of a 9-month-old boy who was blown into the path of an oncoming subway train by a high wind”，他拯救了一个九个月大的男孩。选项A) He saved a baby boy’s life，他拯救了一个九个月大孩子的生命。选项B“他想成为超级英雄”属于过度推理。选项D“他是目击者”，属于无中生有。选项C，“他阻止了一起火车事故的发生”，虽然有“train”，但是属于细节拼凑与原文不符。因此，此题目正确答案为A。
13、Question 13 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A He has a 9-month-old boy.
B He is currently unemployed.
C He enjoys the interview.
D He commutes by subway.
答案解析：
Conversation Two
W: This is Kerry Burke from New York Daily News. I’m speaking to Delroy Simmonds, an（13）unemployed Brooklyn man who missed a job interview Tuesday for the best of reasons: （12）He was saving the life of a 9-month-old boy who was blown into the path of an oncoming subway train by a high wind.
M: Everybody is making me out to be some sort of superhero. I’m just an ordinary person, and a father of two. Anybody in that situation would have done what I did.
W: You were going to an interview when the incident occurred, right?
M: Yes, I was on my way to apply for a maintenance position. I’ve been looking for a job for a year and more. I’m looking for something to support my family.
W: Tell us what happened at the station.
M: （14）There was a strong wind. It had to be 30 to 40 miles an hour. There was a woman with four kids. One was in a pushchair. The wind blew the baby onto the tracks.
W: Witnesses said people were looking on in horror as the child’s mother, identified by sources as Maria Zamara, （15）stood frozen in shock. In the distance, people could see the train rounding a bend, headed into the station. I guess you were not aware of any of these, right?
M: No. I just jumped down and grabbed the baby. The train was coming around the corner as I lifted the baby from the tracks. I really wasn’t thinking.
W: What an amazing story. Thank you very much.
13. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?
解析：B。该题目为细节题。问题是：从对话中，我们可以知道关于这位男士的什么信息？此题目一反常态，出题点位置先于12题。长对话中，以听懂为核心原则，听懂背景和含义是做对题目的最佳方法。根据原文“I’m speaking to Delroy Simmonds, an unemployed Brooklyn man who missed a job interview Tuesday for the best of reasons”，我正在采访Delroy Simmonds，他是一位失业的布鲁克林男子，因为一个再好不过的原因错失了周二的求职面试。选项B）He is currently unemployed，与原文信息相符。其他选项与听到的不相符，如A选项has a baby译为“有一个孩子”，原文是“救一个孩子”；C选项enjoy the interview译为“享受面试”，原文是“错过面试”。因此，此题目正确答案为B。
14、Question 14 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A A rock on the tracks.
B A misplaced pushchair.
C A strong wind.
D A speeding car.
答案解析：
Conversation Two
W: This is Kerry Burke from New York Daily News. I’m speaking to Delroy Simmonds, an（13）unemployed Brooklyn man who missed a job interview Tuesday for the best of reasons: （12）He was saving the life of a 9-month-old boy who was blown into the path of an oncoming subway train by a high wind.
M: Everybody is making me out to be some sort of superhero. I’m just an ordinary person, and a father of two. Anybody in that situation would have done what I did.
W: You were going to an interview when the incident occurred, right?
M: Yes, I was on my way to apply for a maintenance position. I’ve been looking for a job for a year and more. I’m looking for something to support my family.
W: Tell us what happened at the station.
M: （14）There was a strong wind. It had to be 30 to 40 miles an hour. There was a woman with four kids. One was in a pushchair. The wind blew the baby onto the tracks.
W: Witnesses said people were looking on in horror as the child’s mother, identified by sources as Maria Zamara, （15）stood frozen in shock. In the distance, people could see the train rounding a bend, headed into the station. I guess you were not aware of any of these, right?
M: No. I just jumped down and grabbed the baby. The train was coming around the corner as I lifted the baby from the tracks. I really wasn’t thinking.
W: What an amazing story. Thank you very much.
14. What caused the incident?
解析：C。该题目为细节题。问题是：什么引发了此次事故？话题引导者提出了新的小话题：告诉我们在地铁站发生了什么？材料中女士说“Tell us what happened at the station.”，这位男士回答称“There was a strong wind. It had to be 30 to 40 miles an hour”，当时有强风。选项C）A strong wind，与原文信息完全一致。B选项中的pushchair是“婴儿车”，文章中出现了pushchair，但是没有出现“错放”（misplaced），以及 “the wind blow the baby onto the tracks”，风把婴儿吹到了轨道上，再次出现了wind。因此，此题目正确答案为C。
15、Question 15 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A She stood motionless in shock.
B She cried bitterly.
C She called the police at once.
D She shouted for help.
答案解析：
Conversation Two
W: This is Kerry Burke from New York Daily News. I’m speaking to Delroy Simmonds, an（13）unemployed Brooklyn man who missed a job interview Tuesday for the best of reasons: （12）He was saving the life of a 9-month-old boy who was blown into the path of an oncoming subway train by a high wind.
M: Everybody is making me out to be some sort of superhero. I’m just an ordinary person, and a father of two. Anybody in that situation would have done what I did.
W: You were going to an interview when the incident occurred, right?
M: Yes, I was on my way to apply for a maintenance position. I’ve been looking for a job for a year and more. I’m looking for something to support my family.
W: Tell us what happened at the station.
M: （14）There was a strong wind. It had to be 30 to 40 miles an hour. There was a woman with four kids. One was in a pushchair. The wind blew the baby onto the tracks.
W: Witnesses said people were looking on in horror as the child’s mother, identified by sources as Maria Zamara, （15）stood frozen in shock. In the distance, people could see the train rounding a bend, headed into the station. I guess you were not aware of any of these, right?
M: No. I just jumped down and grabbed the baby. The train was coming around the corner as I lifted the baby from the tracks. I really wasn’t thinking.
W: What an amazing story. Thank you very much.
15. How did the mother react when the incident occurred?
解析：A。该题目为细节题。问题是：事故发生时妈妈的反应是什么？由选项推测要听描述女士状态的内容。根据关键词“mother”定位原文出处，“as the child’s mother, identified by sources as Maria Zamara, stood frozen in shock”，孩子的妈妈Maria Zamara当时震惊地僵住了。选项A）She stood motionless in shock，与原文意思是同义替换，motionless和frozen均表示“僵住不动”。因此，此题目正确答案为A。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
16、Question 16 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A She inherited her family ice-cream business in Billings.
B She loved the ice-cream business more than teaching primary school.
C She started an ice-cream business to finance her daughter’s education.
D She wanted to have an ice-cream truck when she was a little girl.
答案解析：
Passage One
There’s one sound that gets a big reaction from kids on a hot day, （16）the sound of an ice-cream truck. Maria McCartney has been in the mobile ice-cream business since 2005. “When I was a little girl, I saw an ice-cream truck and knew I wanted to have one someday,” McCartney said. During the hot days of summer, Maria and her daughter drive an ice-cream truck through neighborhoods and parks in Billings. It’s not about making money for this former elementary school teacher. Rather, she wants to（17）preserve the tradition of the neighborhood ice-cream truck. “Truly my favorite part is to see the kids jumping up and down and they just get so excited. It’s great to build a memory for them too. There’s not a lot of these ice-cream trucks around anymore. The parents come out barefoot and screaming, ready to buy ice-cream; they remember when they were kids and they saw a truck,” she said. While the treats may be ice cold, Maria has a warm heart for little faces. Her truck features a donation bucket（18）for kids who don’t have money for ice-cream. “When there are three kids and only two of them have money, I always make sure the third one gets something because I can’t drive away and have that third one not have something,” she said.
16. What does the speaker say about Maria McCartney?
解析：D。该题目为细节题。问题是：关于Maria McCartney叙述者说了什么？出题点在文章开头，根据选项推测问的是女士，并且和冰激凌相关。根据问题关键词“Maria McCartney”定位原文出处为：When I was a little girl, I saw an ice-cream truck and knew I wanted to have one someday...“我”小时候看到一辆冰激凌车，就下定决心，总有一天自己也要买一辆。选项D）She wanted to have an ice-cream truck when she was a little girl，与原文内容视听一致。因此，此题目正确选项为D。
17、Question 17 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A To preserve a tradition.
B To amuse her daughter.
C To help local education.
D To make some extra money.
答案解析：
Passage One
There’s one sound that gets a big reaction from kids on a hot day, （16）the sound of an ice-cream truck. Maria McCartney has been in the mobile ice-cream business since 2005. “When I was a little girl, I saw an ice-cream truck and knew I wanted to have one someday,” McCartney said. During the hot days of summer, Maria and her daughter drive an ice-cream truck through neighborhoods and parks in Billings. It’s not about making money for this former elementary school teacher. Rather, she wants to（17）preserve the tradition of the neighborhood ice-cream truck. “Truly my favorite part is to see the kids jumping up and down and they just get so excited. It’s great to build a memory for them too. There’s not a lot of these ice-cream trucks around anymore. The parents come out barefoot and screaming, ready to buy ice-cream; they remember when they were kids and they saw a truck,” she said. While the treats may be ice cold, Maria has a warm heart for little faces. Her truck features a donation bucket（18）for kids who don’t have money for ice-cream. “When there are three kids and only two of them have money, I always make sure the third one gets something because I can’t drive away and have that third one not have something,” she said.
17. Why does Maria go into the mobile ice-cream business?
解析：A。该题目为细节题。问题是：为什么Maria进入了移动冰激凌商业领域？根据选项关键词“money”和“tradition”可以定位原文出处，也可以通过转折处“rather ”预测问题出处。所以根据原文“It’s not about making money for this former elementary school teacher. Rather, she wants to preserve the tradition of the neighborhood ice-cream truck”，她这样做不是为了赚钱，而是为了延续社区冰激凌车传统。选项A）To preserve a tradition，与原文信息完全一致，再现原文。因此，此题目正确答案为A。
18、Question 18 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A To raise money for business expansion.
B To make her truck attractive to children.
C To allow poor kids to have ice-cream too.
D To teach kids the value of mutual support.
答案解析：
Passage One
There’s one sound that gets a big reaction from kids on a hot day, （16）the sound of an ice-cream truck. Maria McCartney has been in the mobile ice-cream business since 2005. “When I was a little girl, I saw an ice-cream truck and knew I wanted to have one someday,” McCartney said. During the hot days of summer, Maria and her daughter drive an ice-cream truck through neighborhoods and parks in Billings. It’s not about making money for this former elementary school teacher. Rather, she wants to（17）preserve the tradition of the neighborhood ice-cream truck. “Truly my favorite part is to see the kids jumping up and down and they just get so excited. It’s great to build a memory for them too. There’s not a lot of these ice-cream trucks around anymore. The parents come out barefoot and screaming, ready to buy ice-cream; they remember when they were kids and they saw a truck,” she said. While the treats may be ice cold, Maria has a warm heart for little faces. Her truck features a donation bucket（18）for kids who don’t have money for ice-cream. “When there are three kids and only two of them have money, I always make sure the third one gets something because I can’t drive away and have that third one not have something,” she said.
18. Why does Maria put a donation bucket in her truck?
解析：C。该题目为细节题。问题是：为什么Maria将一个捐款的小桶放到冰激凌车上？问题的关键词为“donation bucket”，定位文章出处为：Her truck features a donation bucket for kids who don’t have money for ice-cream.为了那些没有钱买冰激凌的孩子。选项C）To allow poor kids to have ice-cream too，与原文内容系同义替换，don’t have money 和 poor 均表示“没钱”。因此，此题目正确答案为C。
19、Question 19 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A The reasons for imposing taxes.
B The various services money can buy.
C The various burdens on ordinary citizens.
D The function of money in the modern world.
答案解析：
Passage Two
We know we have to pay for what we get. If we buy food, we have to pay for it. If a doctor treats us, we know there will be a bill to pay. These are private bills. But there are also public bills to be paid. They are paid by the government. In turn we get the needed services. （19）We pay for these services through taxes. What would happen if everyone stopped paying taxes? The water supply would stop; the streets might not be cleaned; schools would be closed. We would not want to live in such a city. （20）The chief duty of every government is to protect persons and property. More than three-fourths of government expenses are used for this purpose. The next largest amount of public money goes to teach and train our citizens. Billions of dollars each year are spent on schools and libraries. Also, a large amount of public funds is spent on roads. Most of the needed funds are raised by taxes. The law orders us to pay taxes. We have no choice in the matter. （21）Years ago the government made money by selling public lands. But most of the best public lands have now been sold. There are still some public lands that contain oil, coal and other natural resources. They could be sold, but we want to save them for future years. So, we all must pay our share for the services that make our lives comfortable.
19. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
解析：A。该题目为主旨题。问题是：本文主要讨论什么？主旨题出题位置在首段末尾处。根据选项得出关键词分别为：征税原因、各种的服务、各种负担、金钱作用。第一段首句“We know we have to pay for what we get”指出我们想获得什么都要付钱。尾句“We pay for these services through taxes”指出我们为服务付税。选项A）The reasons for imposing taxes，与原文信息相一致。或者在判断为主旨题时，先放置不做，等听完全文再做出选择，文章后续则讲述了税收的原因。因此，此题目正确答案为A。
20、Question 20 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A Educating and training citizens.
B Improving public transportation.
C Protecting people’s life and property.
D Building hospitals and public libraries.
答案解析：
Passage Two
We know we have to pay for what we get. If we buy food, we have to pay for it. If a doctor treats us, we know there will be a bill to pay. These are private bills. But there are also public bills to be paid. They are paid by the government. In turn we get the needed services. （19）We pay for these services through taxes. What would happen if everyone stopped paying taxes? The water supply would stop; the streets might not be cleaned; schools would be closed. We would not want to live in such a city. （20）The chief duty of every government is to protect persons and property. More than three-fourths of government expenses are used for this purpose. The next largest amount of public money goes to teach and train our citizens. Billions of dollars each year are spent on schools and libraries. Also, a large amount of public funds is spent on roads. Most of the needed funds are raised by taxes. The law orders us to pay taxes. We have no choice in the matter. （21）Years ago the government made money by selling public lands. But most of the best public lands have now been sold. There are still some public lands that contain oil, coal and other natural resources. They could be sold, but we want to save them for future years. So, we all must pay our share for the services that make our lives comfortable.
20. What is most of the government money used for?
解析：C。该题目为细节题。问题是：政府大部分的钱都用来做什么？原文中关键词“chief”为出题点。根据原文“The chief duty of every government is to protect persons and property. More than three-fourths of government expenses are used for this purpose”，可见政府的首要职责是保护公民和财产，此项开支占到政府开支的四分之三。选项C）Protecting people’s life and property，与原文信息视听一致，再现原文。此题目正确答案为C。
21、Question 21 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A By asking for donations.
B By selling public lands.
C By selling government bonds.
D By exploiting natural resources.
答案解析：
Passage Two
We know we have to pay for what we get. If we buy food, we have to pay for it. If a doctor treats us, we know there will be a bill to pay. These are private bills. But there are also public bills to be paid. They are paid by the government. In turn we get the needed services. （19）We pay for these services through taxes. What would happen if everyone stopped paying taxes? The water supply would stop; the streets might not be cleaned; schools would be closed. We would not want to live in such a city. （20）The chief duty of every government is to protect persons and property. More than three-fourths of government expenses are used for this purpose. The next largest amount of public money goes to teach and train our citizens. Billions of dollars each year are spent on schools and libraries. Also, a large amount of public funds is spent on roads. Most of the needed funds are raised by taxes. The law orders us to pay taxes. We have no choice in the matter. （21）Years ago the government made money by selling public lands. But most of the best public lands have now been sold. There are still some public lands that contain oil, coal and other natural resources. They could be sold, but we want to save them for future years. So, we all must pay our share for the services that make our lives comfortable.
21. How did the government raise money to pay public bills in the past?
解析：B。该题目为细节题。问题是：过去，政府如何筹集资金支付公共费用？出题点在时间对比处和转折处。根据原文“Years ago the government made money by selling public lands. But most of the best public lands have now been sold”，过去政府通过出售公共土地筹集资金，但是现在大部分优质公共土地都已经出售了。选项B）By selling public lands，与原文内容视听一致，再现原文。因此，此题目正确答案为B。
22、Question 22 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A It is located at the center of the European continent.
B It relies on tourism as its chief source of revenues.
C It contains less than a square mile of land.
D It is surrounded by France on three sides.
答案解析：
Passage Three
Did you know that, besides larger places like France and Germany, （25）Europe is home to several extremely tiny countries? One of these countries contains less than a square mile of land. Another is surrounded on all sides by Italy. Yet each is an independent land, with its own government, trade, and customs. One of the best known of these small countries is Monaco.（22）It is situated on the Mediterranean Sea and surrounded by France on three sides. （23）Monaco became familiar to Americans when its ruler, Prince Rainier, married the American actress Grace Kelly. Rainier’s family has ruled Monaco almost continuously since 1297. The land has been independent for over three hundred years. Andorra, with an area of some 200 square miles, is considerably larger than Monaco. This country is located in the Pyrenees Mountains, with France on one side and Spain on the other. Potatoes and tobacco are grown in Andorra’s steep mountain valleys. （24）One of the products it exports is clothing. Andorra is also known for its excellent skiing locations. Within the Alps in Central Europe is Liechtenstein, a tiny country of about 30,000 people who speak mostly German. Liechtenstein uses the same money as its neighbor Switzerland, but it has been an independent country since the 1860s. Taxes are low, so many businesses have their headquarters here. The country makes and exports a lot of machinery. （25）Other small, independent states in Europe are San Marino and Luxembourg. Each of these has unique qualities as well.
22. What does the speaker say about Monaco?
解析：D。该题目为细节题。问题是：本文是如何描述摩纳哥的？此题按照视听一致原则，边听边选，文章出处位于两次提到“Monaco”处，第二次用代词it指代摩纳哥。原文出处：It is situated on the Mediterranean Sea and surrounded by France on three sides.选项D）It is surrounded by France on three sides，与原文内容完全视听一致。因此，此题目正确答案为D。
23、Question 23 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A Its beauty is frequently mentioned in American media.
B Its ruler Prince Rainier married an American actress.
C It is where many American movies are shot.
D It is a favorite place Americans like to visit.
答案解析：
Passage Three
Did you know that, besides larger places like France and Germany, （25）Europe is home to several extremely tiny countries? One of these countries contains less than a square mile of land. Another is surrounded on all sides by Italy. Yet each is an independent land, with its own government, trade, and customs. One of the best known of these small countries is Monaco.（22）It is situated on the Mediterranean Sea and surrounded by France on three sides. （23）Monaco became familiar to Americans when its ruler, Prince Rainier, married the American actress Grace Kelly. Rainier’s family has ruled Monaco almost continuously since 1297. The land has been independent for over three hundred years. Andorra, with an area of some 200 square miles, is considerably larger than Monaco. This country is located in the Pyrenees Mountains, with France on one side and Spain on the other. Potatoes and tobacco are grown in Andorra’s steep mountain valleys. （24）One of the products it exports is clothing. Andorra is also known for its excellent skiing locations. Within the Alps in Central Europe is Liechtenstein, a tiny country of about 30,000 people who speak mostly German. Liechtenstein uses the same money as its neighbor Switzerland, but it has been an independent country since the 1860s. Taxes are low, so many businesses have their headquarters here. The country makes and exports a lot of machinery. （25）Other small, independent states in Europe are San Marino and Luxembourg. Each of these has unique qualities as well.
23. Why did Monaco become familiar to Americans according to the speaker?
解析：B。该题目为细节题。问题是：根据描述者的话，摩纳哥为美国人熟知的原因是什么？本题考点出处紧挨着第22题考点出处：Monaco became familiar to Americans when its ruler, Prince Rainier, married the American actress Grace Kelly.摩纳哥之所以被美国人熟知是因为国家元首Prince Rainier和美国演员Grace Kelly结婚了。选项B）Its ruler Prince Rainier married an American actress，与原文内容完全视听一致。因此，此题目正确答案为B。
24、Question 24 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A Tobacco.
B Potatoes.
C Machinery.
D Clothing.
答案解析：
Passage Three
Did you know that, besides larger places like France and Germany, （25）Europe is home to several extremely tiny countries? One of these countries contains less than a square mile of land. Another is surrounded on all sides by Italy. Yet each is an independent land, with its own government, trade, and customs. One of the best known of these small countries is Monaco.（22）It is situated on the Mediterranean Sea and surrounded by France on three sides. （23）Monaco became familiar to Americans when its ruler, Prince Rainier, married the American actress Grace Kelly. Rainier’s family has ruled Monaco almost continuously since 1297. The land has been independent for over three hundred years. Andorra, with an area of some 200 square miles, is considerably larger than Monaco. This country is located in the Pyrenees Mountains, with France on one side and Spain on the other. Potatoes and tobacco are grown in Andorra’s steep mountain valleys. （24）One of the products it exports is clothing. Andorra is also known for its excellent skiing locations. Within the Alps in Central Europe is Liechtenstein, a tiny country of about 30,000 people who speak mostly German. Liechtenstein uses the same money as its neighbor Switzerland, but it has been an independent country since the 1860s. Taxes are low, so many businesses have their headquarters here. The country makes and exports a lot of machinery. （25）Other small, independent states in Europe are San Marino and Luxembourg. Each of these has unique qualities as well.
24. What is one of the products Andorra exports?
解析：D。该题目为细节题。问题是：安道尔出口产品之一是什么？根据原文“One of the products it exports is clothing”，服装是其出口产品之一。选项D） Clothing，与原文内容相匹配。因此，此题目正确答案为D。
25、Question 25 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A European history.
B European geography.
C Small countries in Europe.
D Tourist attractions in Europe.
答案解析：
Passage Three
Did you know that, besides larger places like France and Germany, （25）Europe is home to several extremely tiny countries? One of these countries contains less than a square mile of land. Another is surrounded on all sides by Italy. Yet each is an independent land, with its own government, trade, and customs. One of the best known of these small countries is Monaco.（22）It is situated on the Mediterranean Sea and surrounded by France on three sides. （23）Monaco became familiar to Americans when its ruler, Prince Rainier, married the American actress Grace Kelly. Rainier’s family has ruled Monaco almost continuously since 1297. The land has been independent for over three hundred years. Andorra, with an area of some 200 square miles, is considerably larger than Monaco. This country is located in the Pyrenees Mountains, with France on one side and Spain on the other. Potatoes and tobacco are grown in Andorra’s steep mountain valleys. （24）One of the products it exports is clothing. Andorra is also known for its excellent skiing locations. Within the Alps in Central Europe is Liechtenstein, a tiny country of about 30,000 people who speak mostly German. Liechtenstein uses the same money as its neighbor Switzerland, but it has been an independent country since the 1860s. Taxes are low, so many businesses have their headquarters here. The country makes and exports a lot of machinery. （25）Other small, independent states in Europe are San Marino and Luxembourg. Each of these has unique qualities as well.
25. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
解析：C。该题目为主旨题。问题是：本文主要说了什么？可以根据全文讲述的脉络——对摩纳哥、安道尔和列支敦士登的介绍，以及文章尾句“Other small, independent states in Europe are San Marino and Luxembourg. Each of these has unique qualities as well”（欧洲还有许多独立的小国，比如圣马力诺和卢森堡，这些国家都有自己的特色），作出判断。选项C） Small countries in Europe，与原文叙述相一致。因此，此题目正确答案为C。
Part III Reading Comprehension
When someone commits a criminal act, we always hope the punishment will match the offense. But when it comes to one of the cruelest crimes-animal fighting-things 26_____ work out that way. Dog-fighting victims are 27_____ and killed for profit and “sport”, yet their criminal abusers often receive a 28_____ sentence for causing a lifetime of pain. Roughly half of all federally-convicted animal fighters only get probation (缓刑). Some progress has been made in the prosecution (起诉) of animal fighters. But federal judges often rely heavily on the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines when they 29_____ penalties, and in the case of animal fighting, those guidelines are outdated and extremely 30_____. The U.S. Sentencing Commission, which 31_____ these sentencing guidelines, is revisiting them, proposing to raise the minimum sentence from 6-12 to 21-27 months, This is a step in the right 32_____, but we’ d like to see the U.S. Sentencing Commission make further changes to the guidelines.Along with this effort, we’re working with animal advocates and state and federal lawmakers to 33_____ anti-cruelty laws across the country, as well as supporting laws and policies that assist overburdened animal 34_____ that care for animal fighting victims. This help is 35_____ important because the high cost of caring for animal victims is a major factor that prevents people from getting involved in cruelty cases in the first place.
26、 (1)
A inadequate
B critically
C sufferings
D hesitate
E rarely
F determine
G tortured
H strengthen
I inspired
J shelters
K method
L creates
M minimal
N direction
O convenient
答案解析：
26. rarely
解析：副词辨析题。空格前为“one of +名词”结构，空格后为work out动词短语，由此可知，句子成分不缺少，应填入副词。备选词有critically（关键地）、rarely（很少地）。再根据该句以but开头，可知语义与上文相反。上文指出，当有人犯罪时，我们总是希望他们得到相应惩罚，而事实用but表示相反，因此应填入与always相反的词，选rarely。
27. tortured
解析：动词辨析题。空格位于并列结构中，空格后是and killed，应填入-ed形式的动词，备选词有inspired（激发）和tortured（折磨），同时结合原文意思，可知斗狗行为的受害者被折磨、被杀害，因此选tortured。
28. minimal
解析：形容词辨析题。空格位于冠词a与sentence之间，符合公式“a+adj.+n”，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的）、minimal（极少的）。同时根据空格处的句子中有yet，可以推测该句话与上文形成转折，上文指出斗狗行为非常残忍，下文应用“获刑非常轻”来形成转折，因此填入minimal。
29. determine
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是主语they，空格后是名词penalties，符合公式“n/代+v+n/代”，空格处应填入及物动词，且时态为一般现在时，故应填入动词原形。备选词有determine（决定）、hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据句意，联邦法官在判罚时通常过于依赖美国量刑准则，因此应填入determine。
30. inadequate
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前是并列结构并且有副词修饰，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的），而结合上文，关于斗兽这方面的量刑准则已经过时并且极其不充分，应填入inadequate。
31. creates
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是which, 空格后是名词短语these sentencing guidelines，符合公式“which/who+v+n/代”，因此应填入及物动词，且为一般现在时，主语是单数。备选项有creates（创造）和shelters（为……提供庇护），根据语义，美国的量刑委员会创造了量刑准则，因此填入creates。
32. direction
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是the right，符合公式“the+adj.+n”， 应填入名词。备选词有direction （方向）、method（方法）、shelters（避难所）、sufferings（折磨）。根据上文出现a step，应填入表示方向类的词，因此填入direction。
33. strengthen
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是to，符合公式“to+v”， to do不定式做目的状语，因此应填入动词原形。备选词有hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据语义，我们所付出的努力都是为了加强反虐待动物法的推行，因此应填入strengthen。
34.shelters
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是个名词animal，空格后是that引导的定语从句，且谓语动词是care，因此应填入名词复数，备选词有shelters（避难所）和sufferings（折磨），根据语义，能够照料动物的地方应为动物收容所，因此填入shelters。
35. critically
解析：副词辨析题。空格前是be动词is, 空格后是形容词important，此时应填入副词修饰important，备选词critically意为“关键地”，因此填入critically。
27、 (2)
A inadequate
B critically
C sufferings
D hesitate
E rarely
F determine
G tortured
H strengthen
I inspired
J shelters
K method
L creates
M minimal
N direction
O convenient
答案解析：
26. rarely
解析：副词辨析题。空格前为“one of +名词”结构，空格后为work out动词短语，由此可知，句子成分不缺少，应填入副词。备选词有critically（关键地）、rarely（很少地）。再根据该句以but开头，可知语义与上文相反。上文指出，当有人犯罪时，我们总是希望他们得到相应惩罚，而事实用but表示相反，因此应填入与always相反的词，选rarely。
27. tortured
解析：动词辨析题。空格位于并列结构中，空格后是and killed，应填入-ed形式的动词，备选词有inspired（激发）和tortured（折磨），同时结合原文意思，可知斗狗行为的受害者被折磨、被杀害，因此选tortured。
28. minimal
解析：形容词辨析题。空格位于冠词a与sentence之间，符合公式“a+adj.+n”，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的）、minimal（极少的）。同时根据空格处的句子中有yet，可以推测该句话与上文形成转折，上文指出斗狗行为非常残忍，下文应用“获刑非常轻”来形成转折，因此填入minimal。
29. determine
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是主语they，空格后是名词penalties，符合公式“n/代+v+n/代”，空格处应填入及物动词，且时态为一般现在时，故应填入动词原形。备选词有determine（决定）、hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据句意，联邦法官在判罚时通常过于依赖美国量刑准则，因此应填入determine。
30. inadequate
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前是并列结构并且有副词修饰，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的），而结合上文，关于斗兽这方面的量刑准则已经过时并且极其不充分，应填入inadequate。
31. creates
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是which, 空格后是名词短语these sentencing guidelines，符合公式“which/who+v+n/代”，因此应填入及物动词，且为一般现在时，主语是单数。备选项有creates（创造）和shelters（为……提供庇护），根据语义，美国的量刑委员会创造了量刑准则，因此填入creates。
32. direction
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是the right，符合公式“the+adj.+n”， 应填入名词。备选词有direction （方向）、method（方法）、shelters（避难所）、sufferings（折磨）。根据上文出现a step，应填入表示方向类的词，因此填入direction。
33. strengthen
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是to，符合公式“to+v”， to do不定式做目的状语，因此应填入动词原形。备选词有hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据语义，我们所付出的努力都是为了加强反虐待动物法的推行，因此应填入strengthen。
34.shelters
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是个名词animal，空格后是that引导的定语从句，且谓语动词是care，因此应填入名词复数，备选词有shelters（避难所）和sufferings（折磨），根据语义，能够照料动物的地方应为动物收容所，因此填入shelters。
35. critically
解析：副词辨析题。空格前是be动词is, 空格后是形容词important，此时应填入副词修饰important，备选词critically意为“关键地”，因此填入critically。
28、 (3)
A inadequate
B critically
C sufferings
D hesitate
E rarely
F determine
G tortured
H strengthen
I inspired
J shelters
K method
L creates
M minimal
N direction
O convenient
答案解析：
26. rarely
解析：副词辨析题。空格前为“one of +名词”结构，空格后为work out动词短语，由此可知，句子成分不缺少，应填入副词。备选词有critically（关键地）、rarely（很少地）。再根据该句以but开头，可知语义与上文相反。上文指出，当有人犯罪时，我们总是希望他们得到相应惩罚，而事实用but表示相反，因此应填入与always相反的词，选rarely。
27. tortured
解析：动词辨析题。空格位于并列结构中，空格后是and killed，应填入-ed形式的动词，备选词有inspired（激发）和tortured（折磨），同时结合原文意思，可知斗狗行为的受害者被折磨、被杀害，因此选tortured。
28. minimal
解析：形容词辨析题。空格位于冠词a与sentence之间，符合公式“a+adj.+n”，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的）、minimal（极少的）。同时根据空格处的句子中有yet，可以推测该句话与上文形成转折，上文指出斗狗行为非常残忍，下文应用“获刑非常轻”来形成转折，因此填入minimal。
29. determine
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是主语they，空格后是名词penalties，符合公式“n/代+v+n/代”，空格处应填入及物动词，且时态为一般现在时，故应填入动词原形。备选词有determine（决定）、hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据句意，联邦法官在判罚时通常过于依赖美国量刑准则，因此应填入determine。
30. inadequate
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前是并列结构并且有副词修饰，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的），而结合上文，关于斗兽这方面的量刑准则已经过时并且极其不充分，应填入inadequate。
31. creates
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是which, 空格后是名词短语these sentencing guidelines，符合公式“which/who+v+n/代”，因此应填入及物动词，且为一般现在时，主语是单数。备选项有creates（创造）和shelters（为……提供庇护），根据语义，美国的量刑委员会创造了量刑准则，因此填入creates。
32. direction
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是the right，符合公式“the+adj.+n”， 应填入名词。备选词有direction （方向）、method（方法）、shelters（避难所）、sufferings（折磨）。根据上文出现a step，应填入表示方向类的词，因此填入direction。
33. strengthen
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是to，符合公式“to+v”， to do不定式做目的状语，因此应填入动词原形。备选词有hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据语义，我们所付出的努力都是为了加强反虐待动物法的推行，因此应填入strengthen。
34.shelters
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是个名词animal，空格后是that引导的定语从句，且谓语动词是care，因此应填入名词复数，备选词有shelters（避难所）和sufferings（折磨），根据语义，能够照料动物的地方应为动物收容所，因此填入shelters。
35. critically
解析：副词辨析题。空格前是be动词is, 空格后是形容词important，此时应填入副词修饰important，备选词critically意为“关键地”，因此填入critically。
29、 (4)
A inadequate
B critically
C sufferings
D hesitate
E rarely
F determine
G tortured
H strengthen
I inspired
J shelters
K method
L creates
M minimal
N direction
O convenient
答案解析：
26. rarely
解析：副词辨析题。空格前为“one of +名词”结构，空格后为work out动词短语，由此可知，句子成分不缺少，应填入副词。备选词有critically（关键地）、rarely（很少地）。再根据该句以but开头，可知语义与上文相反。上文指出，当有人犯罪时，我们总是希望他们得到相应惩罚，而事实用but表示相反，因此应填入与always相反的词，选rarely。
27. tortured
解析：动词辨析题。空格位于并列结构中，空格后是and killed，应填入-ed形式的动词，备选词有inspired（激发）和tortured（折磨），同时结合原文意思，可知斗狗行为的受害者被折磨、被杀害，因此选tortured。
28. minimal
解析：形容词辨析题。空格位于冠词a与sentence之间，符合公式“a+adj.+n”，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的）、minimal（极少的）。同时根据空格处的句子中有yet，可以推测该句话与上文形成转折，上文指出斗狗行为非常残忍，下文应用“获刑非常轻”来形成转折，因此填入minimal。
29. determine
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是主语they，空格后是名词penalties，符合公式“n/代+v+n/代”，空格处应填入及物动词，且时态为一般现在时，故应填入动词原形。备选词有determine（决定）、hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据句意，联邦法官在判罚时通常过于依赖美国量刑准则，因此应填入determine。
30. inadequate
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前是并列结构并且有副词修饰，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的），而结合上文，关于斗兽这方面的量刑准则已经过时并且极其不充分，应填入inadequate。
31. creates
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是which, 空格后是名词短语these sentencing guidelines，符合公式“which/who+v+n/代”，因此应填入及物动词，且为一般现在时，主语是单数。备选项有creates（创造）和shelters（为……提供庇护），根据语义，美国的量刑委员会创造了量刑准则，因此填入creates。
32. direction
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是the right，符合公式“the+adj.+n”， 应填入名词。备选词有direction （方向）、method（方法）、shelters（避难所）、sufferings（折磨）。根据上文出现a step，应填入表示方向类的词，因此填入direction。
33. strengthen
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是to，符合公式“to+v”， to do不定式做目的状语，因此应填入动词原形。备选词有hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据语义，我们所付出的努力都是为了加强反虐待动物法的推行，因此应填入strengthen。
34.shelters
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是个名词animal，空格后是that引导的定语从句，且谓语动词是care，因此应填入名词复数，备选词有shelters（避难所）和sufferings（折磨），根据语义，能够照料动物的地方应为动物收容所，因此填入shelters。
35. critically
解析：副词辨析题。空格前是be动词is, 空格后是形容词important，此时应填入副词修饰important，备选词critically意为“关键地”，因此填入critically。
30、 (5)
A inadequate
B critically
C sufferings
D hesitate
E rarely
F determine
G tortured
H strengthen
I inspired
J shelters
K method
L creates
M minimal
N direction
O convenient
答案解析：
26. rarely
解析：副词辨析题。空格前为“one of +名词”结构，空格后为work out动词短语，由此可知，句子成分不缺少，应填入副词。备选词有critically（关键地）、rarely（很少地）。再根据该句以but开头，可知语义与上文相反。上文指出，当有人犯罪时，我们总是希望他们得到相应惩罚，而事实用but表示相反，因此应填入与always相反的词，选rarely。
27. tortured
解析：动词辨析题。空格位于并列结构中，空格后是and killed，应填入-ed形式的动词，备选词有inspired（激发）和tortured（折磨），同时结合原文意思，可知斗狗行为的受害者被折磨、被杀害，因此选tortured。
28. minimal
解析：形容词辨析题。空格位于冠词a与sentence之间，符合公式“a+adj.+n”，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的）、minimal（极少的）。同时根据空格处的句子中有yet，可以推测该句话与上文形成转折，上文指出斗狗行为非常残忍，下文应用“获刑非常轻”来形成转折，因此填入minimal。
29. determine
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是主语they，空格后是名词penalties，符合公式“n/代+v+n/代”，空格处应填入及物动词，且时态为一般现在时，故应填入动词原形。备选词有determine（决定）、hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据句意，联邦法官在判罚时通常过于依赖美国量刑准则，因此应填入determine。
30. inadequate
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前是并列结构并且有副词修饰，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的），而结合上文，关于斗兽这方面的量刑准则已经过时并且极其不充分，应填入inadequate。
31. creates
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是which, 空格后是名词短语these sentencing guidelines，符合公式“which/who+v+n/代”，因此应填入及物动词，且为一般现在时，主语是单数。备选项有creates（创造）和shelters（为……提供庇护），根据语义，美国的量刑委员会创造了量刑准则，因此填入creates。
32. direction
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是the right，符合公式“the+adj.+n”， 应填入名词。备选词有direction （方向）、method（方法）、shelters（避难所）、sufferings（折磨）。根据上文出现a step，应填入表示方向类的词，因此填入direction。
33. strengthen
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是to，符合公式“to+v”， to do不定式做目的状语，因此应填入动词原形。备选词有hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据语义，我们所付出的努力都是为了加强反虐待动物法的推行，因此应填入strengthen。
34.shelters
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是个名词animal，空格后是that引导的定语从句，且谓语动词是care，因此应填入名词复数，备选词有shelters（避难所）和sufferings（折磨），根据语义，能够照料动物的地方应为动物收容所，因此填入shelters。
35. critically
解析：副词辨析题。空格前是be动词is, 空格后是形容词important，此时应填入副词修饰important，备选词critically意为“关键地”，因此填入critically。
31、 (6)
A inadequate
B critically
C sufferings
D hesitate
E rarely
F determine
G tortured
H strengthen
I inspired
J shelters
K method
L creates
M minimal
N direction
O convenient
答案解析：
26. rarely
解析：副词辨析题。空格前为“one of +名词”结构，空格后为work out动词短语，由此可知，句子成分不缺少，应填入副词。备选词有critically（关键地）、rarely（很少地）。再根据该句以but开头，可知语义与上文相反。上文指出，当有人犯罪时，我们总是希望他们得到相应惩罚，而事实用but表示相反，因此应填入与always相反的词，选rarely。
27. tortured
解析：动词辨析题。空格位于并列结构中，空格后是and killed，应填入-ed形式的动词，备选词有inspired（激发）和tortured（折磨），同时结合原文意思，可知斗狗行为的受害者被折磨、被杀害，因此选tortured。
28. minimal
解析：形容词辨析题。空格位于冠词a与sentence之间，符合公式“a+adj.+n”，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的）、minimal（极少的）。同时根据空格处的句子中有yet，可以推测该句话与上文形成转折，上文指出斗狗行为非常残忍，下文应用“获刑非常轻”来形成转折，因此填入minimal。
29. determine
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是主语they，空格后是名词penalties，符合公式“n/代+v+n/代”，空格处应填入及物动词，且时态为一般现在时，故应填入动词原形。备选词有determine（决定）、hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据句意，联邦法官在判罚时通常过于依赖美国量刑准则，因此应填入determine。
30. inadequate
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前是并列结构并且有副词修饰，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的），而结合上文，关于斗兽这方面的量刑准则已经过时并且极其不充分，应填入inadequate。
31. creates
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是which, 空格后是名词短语these sentencing guidelines，符合公式“which/who+v+n/代”，因此应填入及物动词，且为一般现在时，主语是单数。备选项有creates（创造）和shelters（为……提供庇护），根据语义，美国的量刑委员会创造了量刑准则，因此填入creates。
32. direction
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是the right，符合公式“the+adj.+n”， 应填入名词。备选词有direction （方向）、method（方法）、shelters（避难所）、sufferings（折磨）。根据上文出现a step，应填入表示方向类的词，因此填入direction。
33. strengthen
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是to，符合公式“to+v”， to do不定式做目的状语，因此应填入动词原形。备选词有hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据语义，我们所付出的努力都是为了加强反虐待动物法的推行，因此应填入strengthen。
34.shelters
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是个名词animal，空格后是that引导的定语从句，且谓语动词是care，因此应填入名词复数，备选词有shelters（避难所）和sufferings（折磨），根据语义，能够照料动物的地方应为动物收容所，因此填入shelters。
35. critically
解析：副词辨析题。空格前是be动词is, 空格后是形容词important，此时应填入副词修饰important，备选词critically意为“关键地”，因此填入critically。
32、 (7)
A inadequate
B critically
C sufferings
D hesitate
E rarely
F determine
G tortured
H strengthen
I inspired
J shelters
K method
L creates
M minimal
N direction
O convenient
答案解析：
26. rarely
解析：副词辨析题。空格前为“one of +名词”结构，空格后为work out动词短语，由此可知，句子成分不缺少，应填入副词。备选词有critically（关键地）、rarely（很少地）。再根据该句以but开头，可知语义与上文相反。上文指出，当有人犯罪时，我们总是希望他们得到相应惩罚，而事实用but表示相反，因此应填入与always相反的词，选rarely。
27. tortured
解析：动词辨析题。空格位于并列结构中，空格后是and killed，应填入-ed形式的动词，备选词有inspired（激发）和tortured（折磨），同时结合原文意思，可知斗狗行为的受害者被折磨、被杀害，因此选tortured。
28. minimal
解析：形容词辨析题。空格位于冠词a与sentence之间，符合公式“a+adj.+n”，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的）、minimal（极少的）。同时根据空格处的句子中有yet，可以推测该句话与上文形成转折，上文指出斗狗行为非常残忍，下文应用“获刑非常轻”来形成转折，因此填入minimal。
29. determine
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是主语they，空格后是名词penalties，符合公式“n/代+v+n/代”，空格处应填入及物动词，且时态为一般现在时，故应填入动词原形。备选词有determine（决定）、hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据句意，联邦法官在判罚时通常过于依赖美国量刑准则，因此应填入determine。
30. inadequate
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前是并列结构并且有副词修饰，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的），而结合上文，关于斗兽这方面的量刑准则已经过时并且极其不充分，应填入inadequate。
31. creates
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是which, 空格后是名词短语these sentencing guidelines，符合公式“which/who+v+n/代”，因此应填入及物动词，且为一般现在时，主语是单数。备选项有creates（创造）和shelters（为……提供庇护），根据语义，美国的量刑委员会创造了量刑准则，因此填入creates。
32. direction
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是the right，符合公式“the+adj.+n”， 应填入名词。备选词有direction （方向）、method（方法）、shelters（避难所）、sufferings（折磨）。根据上文出现a step，应填入表示方向类的词，因此填入direction。
33. strengthen
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是to，符合公式“to+v”， to do不定式做目的状语，因此应填入动词原形。备选词有hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据语义，我们所付出的努力都是为了加强反虐待动物法的推行，因此应填入strengthen。
34.shelters
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是个名词animal，空格后是that引导的定语从句，且谓语动词是care，因此应填入名词复数，备选词有shelters（避难所）和sufferings（折磨），根据语义，能够照料动物的地方应为动物收容所，因此填入shelters。
35. critically
解析：副词辨析题。空格前是be动词is, 空格后是形容词important，此时应填入副词修饰important，备选词critically意为“关键地”，因此填入critically。
33、 (8)
A inadequate
B critically
C sufferings
D hesitate
E rarely
F determine
G tortured
H strengthen
I inspired
J shelters
K method
L creates
M minimal
N direction
O convenient
答案解析：
26. rarely
解析：副词辨析题。空格前为“one of +名词”结构，空格后为work out动词短语，由此可知，句子成分不缺少，应填入副词。备选词有critically（关键地）、rarely（很少地）。再根据该句以but开头，可知语义与上文相反。上文指出，当有人犯罪时，我们总是希望他们得到相应惩罚，而事实用but表示相反，因此应填入与always相反的词，选rarely。
27. tortured
解析：动词辨析题。空格位于并列结构中，空格后是and killed，应填入-ed形式的动词，备选词有inspired（激发）和tortured（折磨），同时结合原文意思，可知斗狗行为的受害者被折磨、被杀害，因此选tortured。
28. minimal
解析：形容词辨析题。空格位于冠词a与sentence之间，符合公式“a+adj.+n”，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的）、minimal（极少的）。同时根据空格处的句子中有yet，可以推测该句话与上文形成转折，上文指出斗狗行为非常残忍，下文应用“获刑非常轻”来形成转折，因此填入minimal。
29. determine
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是主语they，空格后是名词penalties，符合公式“n/代+v+n/代”，空格处应填入及物动词，且时态为一般现在时，故应填入动词原形。备选词有determine（决定）、hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据句意，联邦法官在判罚时通常过于依赖美国量刑准则，因此应填入determine。
30. inadequate
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前是并列结构并且有副词修饰，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的），而结合上文，关于斗兽这方面的量刑准则已经过时并且极其不充分，应填入inadequate。
31. creates
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是which, 空格后是名词短语these sentencing guidelines，符合公式“which/who+v+n/代”，因此应填入及物动词，且为一般现在时，主语是单数。备选项有creates（创造）和shelters（为……提供庇护），根据语义，美国的量刑委员会创造了量刑准则，因此填入creates。
32. direction
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是the right，符合公式“the+adj.+n”， 应填入名词。备选词有direction （方向）、method（方法）、shelters（避难所）、sufferings（折磨）。根据上文出现a step，应填入表示方向类的词，因此填入direction。
33. strengthen
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是to，符合公式“to+v”， to do不定式做目的状语，因此应填入动词原形。备选词有hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据语义，我们所付出的努力都是为了加强反虐待动物法的推行，因此应填入strengthen。
34.shelters
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是个名词animal，空格后是that引导的定语从句，且谓语动词是care，因此应填入名词复数，备选词有shelters（避难所）和sufferings（折磨），根据语义，能够照料动物的地方应为动物收容所，因此填入shelters。
35. critically
解析：副词辨析题。空格前是be动词is, 空格后是形容词important，此时应填入副词修饰important，备选词critically意为“关键地”，因此填入critically。
34、 (9)
A inadequate
B critically
C sufferings
D hesitate
E rarely
F determine
G tortured
H strengthen
I inspired
J shelters
K method
L creates
M minimal
N direction
O convenient
答案解析：
26. rarely
解析：副词辨析题。空格前为“one of +名词”结构，空格后为work out动词短语，由此可知，句子成分不缺少，应填入副词。备选词有critically（关键地）、rarely（很少地）。再根据该句以but开头，可知语义与上文相反。上文指出，当有人犯罪时，我们总是希望他们得到相应惩罚，而事实用but表示相反，因此应填入与always相反的词，选rarely。
27. tortured
解析：动词辨析题。空格位于并列结构中，空格后是and killed，应填入-ed形式的动词，备选词有inspired（激发）和tortured（折磨），同时结合原文意思，可知斗狗行为的受害者被折磨、被杀害，因此选tortured。
28. minimal
解析：形容词辨析题。空格位于冠词a与sentence之间，符合公式“a+adj.+n”，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的）、minimal（极少的）。同时根据空格处的句子中有yet，可以推测该句话与上文形成转折，上文指出斗狗行为非常残忍，下文应用“获刑非常轻”来形成转折，因此填入minimal。
29. determine
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是主语they，空格后是名词penalties，符合公式“n/代+v+n/代”，空格处应填入及物动词，且时态为一般现在时，故应填入动词原形。备选词有determine（决定）、hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据句意，联邦法官在判罚时通常过于依赖美国量刑准则，因此应填入determine。
30. inadequate
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前是并列结构并且有副词修饰，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的），而结合上文，关于斗兽这方面的量刑准则已经过时并且极其不充分，应填入inadequate。
31. creates
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是which, 空格后是名词短语these sentencing guidelines，符合公式“which/who+v+n/代”，因此应填入及物动词，且为一般现在时，主语是单数。备选项有creates（创造）和shelters（为……提供庇护），根据语义，美国的量刑委员会创造了量刑准则，因此填入creates。
32. direction
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是the right，符合公式“the+adj.+n”， 应填入名词。备选词有direction （方向）、method（方法）、shelters（避难所）、sufferings（折磨）。根据上文出现a step，应填入表示方向类的词，因此填入direction。
33. strengthen
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是to，符合公式“to+v”， to do不定式做目的状语，因此应填入动词原形。备选词有hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据语义，我们所付出的努力都是为了加强反虐待动物法的推行，因此应填入strengthen。
34.shelters
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是个名词animal，空格后是that引导的定语从句，且谓语动词是care，因此应填入名词复数，备选词有shelters（避难所）和sufferings（折磨），根据语义，能够照料动物的地方应为动物收容所，因此填入shelters。
35. critically
解析：副词辨析题。空格前是be动词is, 空格后是形容词important，此时应填入副词修饰important，备选词critically意为“关键地”，因此填入critically。
35、 (10)
A inadequate
B critically
C sufferings
D hesitate
E rarely
F determine
G tortured
H strengthen
I inspired
J shelters
K method
L creates
M minimal
N direction
O convenient
答案解析：
26. rarely
解析：副词辨析题。空格前为“one of +名词”结构，空格后为work out动词短语，由此可知，句子成分不缺少，应填入副词。备选词有critically（关键地）、rarely（很少地）。再根据该句以but开头，可知语义与上文相反。上文指出，当有人犯罪时，我们总是希望他们得到相应惩罚，而事实用but表示相反，因此应填入与always相反的词，选rarely。
27. tortured
解析：动词辨析题。空格位于并列结构中，空格后是and killed，应填入-ed形式的动词，备选词有inspired（激发）和tortured（折磨），同时结合原文意思，可知斗狗行为的受害者被折磨、被杀害，因此选tortured。
28. minimal
解析：形容词辨析题。空格位于冠词a与sentence之间，符合公式“a+adj.+n”，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的）、minimal（极少的）。同时根据空格处的句子中有yet，可以推测该句话与上文形成转折，上文指出斗狗行为非常残忍，下文应用“获刑非常轻”来形成转折，因此填入minimal。
29. determine
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是主语they，空格后是名词penalties，符合公式“n/代+v+n/代”，空格处应填入及物动词，且时态为一般现在时，故应填入动词原形。备选词有determine（决定）、hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据句意，联邦法官在判罚时通常过于依赖美国量刑准则，因此应填入determine。
30. inadequate
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前是并列结构并且有副词修饰，应填入形容词，备选词有convenient（方便的）、inadequate（不足的），而结合上文，关于斗兽这方面的量刑准则已经过时并且极其不充分，应填入inadequate。
31. creates
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是which, 空格后是名词短语these sentencing guidelines，符合公式“which/who+v+n/代”，因此应填入及物动词，且为一般现在时，主语是单数。备选项有creates（创造）和shelters（为……提供庇护），根据语义，美国的量刑委员会创造了量刑准则，因此填入creates。
32. direction
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是the right，符合公式“the+adj.+n”， 应填入名词。备选词有direction （方向）、method（方法）、shelters（避难所）、sufferings（折磨）。根据上文出现a step，应填入表示方向类的词，因此填入direction。
33. strengthen
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是to，符合公式“to+v”， to do不定式做目的状语，因此应填入动词原形。备选词有hesitate（犹豫）、strengthen（加强），根据语义，我们所付出的努力都是为了加强反虐待动物法的推行，因此应填入strengthen。
34.shelters
解析：名词辨析题。空格前是个名词animal，空格后是that引导的定语从句，且谓语动词是care，因此应填入名词复数，备选词有shelters（避难所）和sufferings（折磨），根据语义，能够照料动物的地方应为动物收容所，因此填入shelters。
35. critically
解析：副词辨析题。空格前是be动词is, 空格后是形容词important，此时应填入副词修饰important，备选词critically意为“关键地”，因此填入critically。
Part III Reading Comprehension
When Work Becomes a Game
36、Some famous companies are already using gamification and more are trying to do the same.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
答案解析：36. Some famous companies are already using gamification and more are trying to do the same
