一、单选题
1、The main difference between /e/ and /ə/ lies in the _______.
A tongue position
B sound duration
C openness of the mouth
D shape of the lips
答案解析：
本题考查辅音的分类
A选项，题干中两个音标的区别在于发音时舌头位置不同。A选项意为舌位，综上，A选项正确。
B选项，音长，声长，故排除。
C选项，口腔的张合度，故排除。
D选项，唇形，故排除。
故正确答案为A项。
2、_____ is the main rhyming pattern in “Mrs. White/Had a fright/ in the middle of the night.
A Assonance
B End rhyme
C Alliteration
D Reverse end rhyme
答案解析：
本题考查尾韵
B选项，尾韵，单词中最后一个音发音相同。比如：“What! A hat for a cat!”题干中“Mrs. White/Had a fright/in the middle of the night.” white, fright, night尾音相同。综上，B选项正确。
A选项，元韵又叫半谐音，辅音押韵元音不押韵，或者元音不押韵辅音押韵，与题干不符故排除。
C选项，头韵，单词的开头都是同一个字母，就是押头韵。比如：“Careless cars cutting corners create confusion”，故排除。
D选项，反向尾韵，反向尾韵，指重读音节中元音和辅音都相同。如，patience, painting与题干不符，故排除。
故正确答案为B项。
3、We are all keeping our _______ crossed that the surgeons do not find anything too serious with the patient.
A fingers
B thumbs
C hands
D feet
答案解析：
本题考查名词词义辨析
A选项，题意：我们一直祈祷外科医生不会发现病人的病情太严重。Keep our finger crossed，就是把手指互相交错握紧，做祈祷的手势，意思就是让我们一直祈祷吧！综上，A选项正确。
B选项，拇指，故排除。
C选项，手，故排除。
D选项，双脚，故排除。
故正确答案为A 项。
4、When implementing the project, we ______ a lot of unexpected opposition from our colleagues.
A run for
B make against
C run up against
D make away with
答案解析：
本题考查动词词义辨析
C选项，题意：在实施这个项目时，我们遇到了许多同事意想不到的反对。run up against意外地碰到；偶遇；撞上；与…相撞，综上，C 选项正确。
A选项，run for 竞选，赶快去请，故排除。
B选项，make against不利于，有害于，故排除。
D选项，make away with偷走；抢走；杀死；消耗光，故排除。
故正确答案为C 项。
5、The island measures about 30 miles _______ 20 miles.
A by
B with
C to
D upon
答案解析：
本题考查介词词义辨析
本题考查介词词义辨析
A选项，表示长、宽、高可以用by字或×号：The island measures about 30 miles by 20 miles.岛的面积约为30英里长20英里宽。The box measures approximately 26 inches long ×25 inches wide×l6 inches deep.这个箱子约26英寸长，25英寸宽，16英寸高。综上，A选项正确
B、C、D选项，与题意不符，故排除。
故正确答案为A项。
6、---- Will John come to the party?----No, he won’t come and ______.
A Antonio neither won’t
B won’t Antony neither
C either will Antony
D neither will Antony
答案解析：
本题考查倒装句
D选项，题意：“约翰会去聚会吗？” “不，他不会来，安东尼也不会来。” neither do sb. 为固定搭配，“某人也不…”综上，D选项正确。
A选项，搭配错误，故排除。
B选项，语序错误，故排除。
C选项，语序错误，故排除。
故正确答案为D 项。
7、Garbo plays the role of the queen, _______ in the love she has found with Antonio.
A rejoiced
B rejoicing
C being rejoiced
D to rejoice
答案解析：
本题考查非谓语
B选项，句意：嘉宝饰演王后，陶醉于和安东尼奥的热恋中。“rejoice in doing sth”为固定搭配，“对…感到欣喜，感到高兴”，rejoicing是rejoice的现在分词，这里表主动，表伴随，综上，B选项正确。
ACD选项，与题意不符，故排除。
故正确答案为B项。
8、______ ministers decide to investigate an inquiry, we ______ welcome it.
A Should; would
B Suppose; could
C If; would
D Would; will
答案解析：
本题考查虚拟语气
A选项，题意为：.万一部长决定正式调查，我们会很赞成。省略if 的虚拟语气，主谓要倒装，如：If it had not been for my illness, I would have helped him.省略之后要变为：Had it not been for my illness, I would have helped him. A选项中省略if，should 提前，表示倒装，综上，A选项正确。
B选项，如果应为“supposing”，与题意不符，故排除。
C、D选项，与题意不符，故排除。
故正确答案为A项。
9、What is missing at the discourse level between the two sentences “Carol loves tomatoes. She was born in Africa”?
A Reference
B Cohesion
C Coherence
D Substitution
答案解析：
本题考查语言学中的语义上的连贯
C选项，句意大致为：“Carol喜欢西红柿，他出生在非洲，这两个句子之间的话语层缺少什么？”根据题干意思可知缺少的是语义上的连贯。综上，C 选项正确。
A选项，参考；提及，故排除。
B选项，衔接，形式上衔接。故排除。
D选项，代替；替换，故排除。
故正确答案为C项。
10、The synonyms “charge” and “accuse” mainly differ in______.
A emotion
B dialect
C formality
D collocation
答案解析：
本题考查语义关系中的搭配同义词
D选项，搭配同义词指在意义上相同，但在习惯搭配上有所不同。而题干中的accuse, charge两个动词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后面所搭配的介词不同。accuse与介词of连用，如The police accused him of theft.警察指控他犯有盗窃罪。charge可以指因为小错而受的责备，也指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用。如：The police charged him with murder.警察指控他犯了谋杀罪。综上，D 选项正确。
A选项，情感，与题意不符，故排除。
B选项，方言，与题意不符，故排除。
C选项，礼节，正式，与题意不符，故排除。
故正确答案为D 项。
11、Which of the following instructions is helpful in developing students’ ability to make inferences?
A Listen to a story and write a summary
B Listen to a story and work out the writer’s intention
C Listen to the story of a baby and then draw a picture of him
D Listen to a story and note down the specific date of an event
答案解析：
本题考查语言技能教学。
下面哪项活动有助于发展学生的推理能力。
B选项，听故事并推测作者的写作意图。“work out”为“inferences”的同义词，综上，B选项正确。
A选项，听故事并写总结，并不能发展学生的推理能力，故排除。
C选项，听一个男孩的故事并为他画一幅画，并不能发展学生的推理能力，故排除。
D选项，听故事并记下事件的具体日期，并不能发展学生的推理能力，故排除。
故正确答案为B项。
12、The most suitable question type to check students’ comprehension and develop their critical thinking is _______.
A rhetorical questions
B referential questions
C close questions
D display questions
答案解析：
本题考查提问的类型
题干问：最适合发展学生理解和批判性思维能力的提问类型。
B选项，referential question参考性问题,答案不固定，利于发展学生理解和批判性思维能力的提问类型，综上，B选项正确。
A选项，rhetorical question反问，是用疑问的形式表达确定的意思，以加重语气的一种修辞手法。反问只问不答，人们可以从反问句中领会别人想要表达的意思。不利于发展学生理解和批判性思维能力的提问类型，故排除。
C选项，close question封闭性问题，指事先设计好的备选答案，受访者问题的回答被限制在被选答案中，即他们主要是从备选答案中挑选自己认同的答案，答案唯一，不利于发展学生理解和批判性思维能力的提问类型，故排除。
D选项，display question展示性问题，一般有确定的答案，答案唯一，教师期望学生说出那个确定的答案。答案比较固定，不利于发展学生理解和批判性思维能力的提问类型，故排除。
故正确答案为B项。
13、Diagnostic test is often used for the purpose of ______.
A finding out what students know and don’t know
B measuring students’ general language proficiency
C knowing whether students have the right language aptitude
D checking whether students have achieved the teaching objectives
答案解析：
本题考查教学评价中的诊断性测试
诊断性测试的目的是验证学生会不会，是不是已经掌握知识。综上，A选项正确。
B选项，测量学生知识的熟练度，属于水平测试（proficiency test）故排除。
C选项，知道学生是否有语言能力倾向，属于能力测试（aptitude test）故排除。
D选项，检查学生是否实现了教学目标，属于学业成绩测试（achievement test），故排除。
故正确答案为A项。
14、Which of the following activities is often used to develop students’ speaking accuracy?
A Identifying and correcting oral mistakes.
B Acting out the dialogue in the text.
C Having discussions in groups
D Describing people in pairs.
答案解析：
本题考查教学活动中的口语。
A选项为改错, 重在形式，强调口语活动的准确性。综上，A为正确选项。
BCD强调交际，应为流畅性，故排除。
故正确选项为A。
15、If a teacher asks students to make their own learning plan, he/ she is trying to develop their______
A cognitive strategy
B affective strategy
C communicative strategy
D metacognitive strategy
答案解析：
本题考查学习策略
题干意思是如果教师让学生制定他们的学习计划，他/她是在培养他们的什么策略?不同的研究者对学习策略有不同的分类，但各种分类法中基本都涉及四种策略，即认知策略、元认知策略、情感策略和交际策略。
D选项，元认知策略，指学生对自己的认知过程及结果的有效监视及控制的策略，包括计划策略、监控策略和调节策略。计划策略指的是对学习等活动的事前规划，如制定学习计划等。综上，D选项正确。
A选项，认知策略。学生为了完成具体学习任务而采取的步骤和方法。认知策略是加工信息的一些方法和技术，有助于学习者有效地从记忆中提取信息，故排除。
B选项，情感策略。故排除。
C选项，交际策略。故排除。
故正确答案为D项。
16、When a teacher tells the students that the word “dog” may imply “loyalty” he/she is teaching the ______ of the word.
A denotative meaning
B collocative meaning
C conceptual meaning
D connotative meaning
答案解析：
本题考查词的意义。
狗的意义暗示着忠诚，根据关键词imply暗示，隐含，为内涵。D选项为内涵。综上，D选项正确。
A选项为外延，即概念意义，故排除。
B选项为搭配意义，故排除。
C选项为概念意义，故排除。
故正确选项为D。
17、Which of the following is the last step in the process of writing essays?
A Editing the writings
B Writing topic sentences for paragraphs
C Gathering information and ideas relevant to the topic.
D Organizing the information and ideas into a logical sequence.
答案解析：
本题考查写作的过程。
A选项为改写属于写后过程，综上，A选项正确。
B选项写句子的主旨大意，写前过程。
C选项收集相关话题的信息，为写前过程。
D选项按照一定的逻辑顺序组织信息，为写作过程中。
故正确选项为A。
18、The main purpose of asking questions about the topic before listening is to _______.
A meet students’ expectation
B increase students’ confidence
C activate students’ schemata
D provide feedback on tasks
答案解析：
本题考查在听之前问问题的主要目的是激发学生的图示。
C选项，激发学生的图示，综上，C选项正确。
A选项，满足学生的期望，故排除。
B选项，增加学生的信心，故排除。
D选项，对任务提供反馈，故排除。
故正确选项为C。
19、If a teacher asks students to fill in the blanks in a passage with “that”, “which” or “whom”, he/she is least likely focusing on grammar at ______.
A lexical level
B syntactic level
C discourse level
D morphological level
答案解析：
本题考查语法教学内容
如果老师让学生用“that”, “which” or “whom”填空，那么他/她最不可能关注语法的哪个层面？
D形态学层面，研究词是如何由意义的基本单位词素构成的，研究词缀，不体现。综上，D选项正确。
A词汇层面，该教师让学生选择关系代词填空，目的是让学生掌握定语从句这项语法的形式、意义和运用。故排除。
B选项，句法层面，用在定语从句中，针对句法。老师可能更关注语法的句法层面。关注词汇的意义又关注词汇的句法意义。句法层面研究词是如何组合成正确的句子，词在句子中的语法。故排除。
C语篇层面，语法教学内容不仅包括语言形式/结构，还包括语义和语用。语言形式/结构包括词法、句法等；语意包括语法形式与结构的意义；语用指语言在一定的语境、语篇中的表意功能。故排除。
故正确答案为D项。
20、If a teacher asks to talk about their hobbies in groups, he/she is trying to encourage _______.
A peer correction
B peer feedback
C peer interaction
D peer assessment
答案解析：
本题考查教学实施中的教学活动类型
老师要求学生小组讨论他们的爱好，是在鼓励学生发展他们的同伴交流能力。
C选项，peer interaction同伴交流，综上，C选项正确。
A选项，peer correction同伴纠错，故排除。
B选项，peer feedback 同伴反馈，故排除。
D选项，peer assessment同伴互评，故排除。
故正确选项为C。
二、阅读理解题
Self-driving vehicles threaten to send truck drivers to the unemployment office. Computer programs can now write journalistic accounts of sporting events and stock price movements. There are even computers that can grade essay exams with reasonable accuracy, which could revolutionize my own job. Increasingly, machines are providing not only the brawn but the brains, too. And that raises the question of where humans fit into this picture ---who will prosper and who won’t in this new kind of machine economy?
Within five years we are likely to have the world’s best education, or close to it, online and free. But not everyone will sit down and go through the material without a professor pushing them to do the work.
Those who are motivated to use online resources will do much, much better in the generation to come. It’s already the case that the best students from India are at the top in many Coursera classes, putting America’s arguably less motivated bright young people to shame. “Free” doesn’t really help you if you don’t make an effort.
Your smartphone will record data on your life and, when asked, will tell you what to do, drawing on data from your home or from your spouse and friends if need be. “You’ve thrown out that bread the last three times you’ve bought it, give it a pass “will be a text message of the future. How about “Now is not the time to start another argument with your wife”? The GPS is just the beginning of computer-guided instruction. Take your smartphone on a date, and it might vibrate in your pocket to indicate “Kiss her now.”
If you hesitate for fear of being seen as pushy, it may write: “Who cares if you look bad? You are sampling optimally in the quest for a lifetime companion.” Those who won’t listen, or who rebel out of spite, will be missing out on glittering prizes. Those of us who listen, while often envied, may feel more like puppets with deflated pride.
A lot of jobs will consist of making people feel either very good or very bad about themselves. Coaches, mentors and disciplinarians will spread to many areas of life, at least for those of us who can stand to listen to them. These people will cajole us, flatter us and shame us into improving our lives, our work habits and our consumption. That’s why so many people go to yoga class instead of relying on the podcast. Managers who are motivators of first-rate talent will see their earnings continue to rise.
Computing and software will make it easier to measure performance and productivity.
It will be harder to gloss over our failings and maintain self-deception. In essence, everyone will suffer the fate of professional chess players, who will always know when they have lost a game, have an exact numerical rating for their overall performance, and find excuses for failure hard to come by.
Individuals will have many measures of their proficiency. They will have an incentive to disclose that information to get the better job or social opportunity. You will assume the worst about those who keep secrets, and so openness will reign. Many of us will hate the idea of Big Data.
21、Which of the following is closet in meaning to the underlined word “brawn” in Paragraph 1?
A Job
B Meat
C Physical strength
D Mental agility
答案解析：
本题考查词汇含义
C选项，“physical strength”体力；气力；力量，题干中的“brawn”译为强壮的肌肉；强健的体力。综上，C 选项正确。
A选项，工作，与题意不符，故排除。
B选项，肉类，与题意不符，故排除。
D选项，精神敏捷度，故排除。
故正确答案为C 项。
22、What does the underlined phrase “the question” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A Where do humans fit into this picture?
B Will machines eventually replace human beings?
C Which could revolutionize my own job, teaching at school?
D Who will prosper and who will not in this machine economy?
答案解析：
本题考查词汇含义
B选项，定位到第一段最后一句“And that raises the question of where humans fit into this picture---who will prosper and who won’t in this new kind of machine economy?”由此可知问题是机器和人类之间的问题，B选项句意为：机器最终会取代人类吗？综上，B 选项正确。
A选项，句意为：人类在这张照片中的位置在哪里？与题干不符，故排除。
C选项，句意为：哪一个可能会改变我自己的工作，在学校教书？与题干不符，故排除。
D选项，句意为：谁将繁荣，并且谁将不在这个机器经济中？与题意不符，故排除。
故正确答案为B项。
23、What makes the instructions sent by smartphones valuable and reliable for people when doing things?
A A global positioning system installed in all smartphones.
B Information collected and elicited by smartphone from your life.
C An optimal sampling software to store information in smartphones.
D Vibrations smartphones make in your pocket as a constant reminder.
答案解析：
本题考查细节
B选项，题干大意为：是什么使得智能手机发出的指令对人们做事情时是有价值的和可靠的？定位到文章第四段，可知答案与B选项“智能手机从你的生活中收集和引出的信息”相匹配，综上，B选项正确。
A选项，安装在所有智能手机上的全球定位系统。与题干意思不匹配，故排除。
C选项，智能手机中存储信息的最佳采样软件。与题干意思不匹配，故排除。
D选项，在你的口袋里振动的智能手机在不断提醒。与题干意思不匹配，故排除
故正确答案为B项。
24、Who will be most likely to suffer from this technological revolution?
A Fashion gurus specializing in producing, modeling, or marketing fashion.
B American young people who do not make good use of the online courses.
C Individuals keeping the information about their proficiency to themselves.
D Professional chess players who are not able to calculate the play outcome.
答案解析：
本题考查推理判断
C选项，题干大意为：谁最有可能遭受这场技术革命？选项大意为：保持自己熟练程度信息的个人。综上，C选项正确。
A选项，擅长生产、建模或营销时装的时装大师，故排除。
B选项，不善于利用网络课程的美国年轻人，故排除。
D选项，无法计算比赛结果的专业棋手，故排除。
故正确答案为C项。
25、Why will many people start to hate Big Data according to the last paragraph?
A Because people will have no privacy and can’t tell any lies at all.
B Because they facilitate performance and productivity assessment.
C Because they give people no choice but to comply with computer.
D Because people have found it really hard to finish doing everything.
答案解析：
本题考查推理判断
B选项，题干大意为：根据最后一段，为什么很多人开始讨厌大数据呢？选项大意为：因为它们促进绩效和生产力评估。综上，B选项正确。
A选项，因为人们不会有隐私，也不能撒谎。故排除。
C选项，因为他们没有选择，只能遵从计算机。故排除。
D选项，因为人们发现要完成所有的事情真的很难。故排除。
故正确答案为B项。
三、阅读理解题
Teacher education provided by U. S. colleges and universities has been routinely criticized since its inception in the early nineteenth century, sometimes deservedly. These programs, like non-university programs, are uneven in quality and can be improved. What makes today’s criticisms different is an aggressive effort by advocacy groups, and self-proclaimed educational entrepreneurs to deregulate the preparation of teachers, and to expand independent, alternative routes into teaching.
This effort to “disrupt” the field of teacher preparation in the United States has gained considerable momentum and legitimacy, with venture capitalists, philanthropy, and the U. S Department of Education all providing sponsorship and substantial funding.
The strength of this effort is that the United States may quickly seek to dismantle its university system and replace much of it with independent, private programs. The resulting system of teacher preparation may differ dramatically in its governance, structure, content, and processes moving away from its current location alongside legal, medical, and other professional preparation that pairs academic degrees with professional training.
Throughout the nation, states are reporting teacher shortages in particular subject areas and geographical locations, and several states have either passed legislation to lower the standards for becoming a teacher or, like the state of Washington, have looked towards expanding the number of teacher education providers to try to fill teaching vacancies. The federal government has contributed to the push to lower standards for becoming a teacher with the Teacher Preparation Academy provision in the new K-12 education law, the Every Students Succeeds Act, which encourages states to expand the number of independent programs not associated with colleges and universities.
Because of the increasing tuition rates, a consequence in part, of cuts in funding to public universities that continue to educate most U. S. teachers, enrollments in college and university teacher education programs have declined in many parts of the country. Independent teacher education programs are being viewed by some as an important part of the solution in staffing the nation’s classrooms and addressing our serious and enduring problems in education inequities. Additionally, advocacy groups, philanthropists, and so-called education entrepreneurs are working aggressively to expand these independent alternative routes into teaching.
Given the seriousness of the teacher shortage problem in the United States and the substantial media attention that has been given to independent teacher education programs as the solution to teacher shortages and education inequities, policy makers should very carefully examine the evidence that exists about the nature and impact of these relatively new programs that are rapidly expanding while university teacher education enrollments decline.
26、What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about criticisms against teacher education?
A The criticisms have been increasing.
B The criticisms may not be well justified sometimes.
C The criticisms mainly focus on the quality of non-university programs.
D The criticisms usually come from advocacy groups and so-called educational entrepreneurs.
答案解析：
本题考查推理判断
C选项，从第1段中关于对教师教育的批评可以推断出什么？定位到第一段，可知答案与C选项“这些批评主要集中在非大学课程的质量上”相匹配，综上，C 选项正确。
A选项，这些批评一直在增加，故排除。
B选项，这些批评有时可能不是很合理，故排除。
D选项，批评通常来自倡导团体和所谓的教育企业家，故排除。
故正确答案为C 项。
27、Which or the following is closet in meaning to the underlined word “momentum” in Paragraph 2?
A moment
B motive
C achievement
D incentive
答案解析：
本题考查词汇含义
C选项，momentum，原意为“动量；势头；动力”，这里与achievement“成就，成绩”意思相近，综上，C 选项正确。
A选项，片刻；瞬间，故排除。
B选项，动机，故排除。
D选项，动机；刺激，故排除。
故正确答案为C 项。
28、What can be inferred from paragraph 3?
A The university system of the United States will completely collapse.
B The university system of the United States will be totally restructured.
C The new teacher education programs may not grant student academic degrees in the future
D The new teacher education programs will follow the usual practice of other professional preparation
答案解析：
本题考查推理判断
D选项，新的教师教育计划将遵循其他专业准备的惯例
A选项，美国的大学制度将彻底崩溃，故排除。
B选项 原文是很可能，所以错误
C选项，新的教师教育计划将来可能不会授予学生学位，故排除。
故正确答案为D项。
29、What measures have been taken by some states to deal with their teachers’ shortages?
A To increase the number of qualified teachers.
B To increase funds for teacher education programs.
C To expand non-university teacher education programs.
D To establish the baseline of teacher education programs.
答案解析：
本题考查细节
C选项，题干是问：一些国家采取了哪些措施来解决教师短缺的问题？根据文意，可知答案应为：扩大非大学教师教育计划。综上，C 选项正确。
A选项，增加合格教师人数，故排除。
B选项，增加教师教育项目经费，故排除。
D选项，确立教师教育计划的基线，故排除。
故正确答案为C 项。
30、Which of the following is true of the independent teacher education programs?
A They are initiated to deal with teachers’ shortages and education inequities
B They aimed to raise the standards of teacher education programs
C They compete with the university teacher education programs.
D They can replace the university teacher education programs.
答案解析：
本题考查细节
A选项，关于独立教师教育方案，下列哪一项是正确的？根据文意，可知答案应为：他们开始处理教师短缺和教育不公平问题。综上，A 选项正确。
B选项，他们旨在提高教师教育项目的标准，故排除。
C选项，他们与大学教师教育项目竞争，故排除。
D选项，他们可以取代大学教师教育计划，故排除。
故正确答案为A 项。
四、简答题
31、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。简述教材在英语教学中的两个作用（8分）列出教师使用教材的三点注意事项（12分）
正确答案：
（1）①教材能够较好地体现课程标准规定的教学目的、教学目标、教学内容、教学理念，有利于课程理念的实施。
②教材大多包含教科书、练习册等丰富资源，同时配有彩色插图，英文歌曲等具有较强视觉和听觉效果的内容，有利于更好激发学生学习英语的兴趣。
③教材编写往往反应某种教学思想和方法，教材有利于推广一些教学方法。
（其他答案：教材在教学中的两个作用是指导作用和检测作用。教材在编排时内容就综合了科学性、时代性、思想性，并且能让学生做到兼顾基础学习与选择学习、发展学习与拓展学习，因此教材能够在教学中指导学生的学习，并且能够检测教学是否达到预期的效果以及学生学习是否达到预期的教学目的。）
（2）教师在使用教材时应该注意以下三点注意事项：
①对教材进行适当的补充和删减，使教材的内容更加符合学生的需要和贴近学生的实际生活。
②对教材进行适当的替换、使教材更加适合实际教学需要。
③对教材内容进行顺序调整。
（其他答案：用教材而不是教教材；丰富拓展教学资源；学会开发教学资源；结合多媒体进行丰富教学等等均可）
答案解析：
英语教材是英语课程资源的核心部分。体系完整、内容完整、设计合理的教材不仅有利于学生系统地学习英语语音、词汇、语法等语言知识，而且有利于他们发展听说读写等语言技能，从而为英语教学的组织和实施带来极大的便利。教材能在一定程度上保证教学内容、教学过程和教学方法的科学性和合理性，从而保证教学质量和效果。另外，结构合理、内容丰富、活动灵活多样的教材，有利于教师节省备课时间和精力，有利于他们在教学中创造性地使用教材，从而更好地培养教师自身专业发展能力。
五、案例分析题
根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。
下面是一位初中英语教师在语音教学中使用的练习：
Teacher’s instruction:
Look at the words on the blackboard. Tick the word you hear in each sentence I read.
Teacher reads:
I don’t like these sports.
The pots are very dirty.
Look at that white cord on the water.
Mr. Smith was short.
Students tick the words they hear：
A B
spots sports
pots ports
cod cord
shot short
根据上面所提供的教学情境，从下面四个方面作答：
32、该片段教学的目的是什么？（5分）
正确答案：
该片段的教学目的是锻炼学生辨音能力。语音是语言存在和发展的重要基础，是语言的外在表现，是语言的三大要素之一。英语语音学习不但有利于正确地表达思想，还会直接或间接地影响和制约听、说、读、写等各项技能的发展。与词汇和语法学习相比，语音语调的学习最容易出现僵化问题。发音一旦定型，以后改变发音的难度就会很大。很多成年英语学习者发现，他们能够在各方面取得快速进步，唯独难以改进的是他们的英语发音。因此，在中小学阶段要结合教学内容深入开展语音教学，让学生全面了解和掌握语音知识，正确运用语音、语调。
答案解析：
详见答案
33、该教师采用了哪两种教学方法？（8分）
正确答案：
该教师采用了以下两种教学方法：
①使用最小对立体分析音差。该练习教师列出的四组词使用的都是最小对立对。最小对立体是指进行对比的单词中有一个发音是不同的，该练习适用于音素教学和练习，如：will-well; wonder-wander; ship-sheep。
②运用有意义的上下文。教师不是孤立地读出一个单词让学生选择正确的答案，而是通过句子让学生理解句意的基础之上选择正确的发音。
答案解析：
详见答案
34、该教学片段体现了哪两个语音教学的原则？（8分）
正确答案：
①准确性原则 准确性原则是语音教学的首要原则。教师要通过各种教学方式，保证学生发音准确到位，要采用成功定向的教学方式，多样化的教学手段，从发音方式、发音部位等方面入手，保证学生掌握正确的发音，形成准确的发音习惯。
②针对性原则 针对性原则指语音训练的重点应该放在有标记的语音特征之上。由于受地域的影响，不同地区的学生在英语发音方面存在着各自的困难，因此教师要针对学生的困难进行有针对性的指导。
答案解析：
详见答案
35、列出能恰当体现语音教学原则的其他三种方法（9分）
正确答案：
能恰当体现语音教学原则的其他三种方法有：
①找出不同的发音。老师读词连续读几次，有一个是不同的，请学生挑出发音不同的一个，该练习适用于音素教学和练习，如：bit, bit ,bit , pit (last one is different)
②补充完整。老师读出一串词语，这些词只有其中一个辅音或者元音发音不同，学生需要填空补充完整，如：__ate __ate __ate __ate __ate
③绕口令。绕口令可以调节气氛，可以练习熟练程度。
答案解析：
详见答案
六、教学设计题
设计任务:请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计20分钟的英语阅读教学方案。该方案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：
●Teaching objectives
●Teaching contents
●Key and difficult points
●Major steps and time allocation
●Activities and justifications
教学时间：20分钟
学生概况：某城镇普通中学初中一年级(七年级)学生，班级人数40人，多数学生已经达到 《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》二级水平。学生课堂参与积极性较高。
Online Shopping
There are many new ways of shopping, and online shopping is one of them. You can buy almost everything on the Internet, and it’s very easy. First, you choose something---clothes, tickets, a mobile phone, and a new computer---and pay for it. Then, you receive it a few days later by post.
Online shopping has several advantages. First, you can shop at any time. The shops are always open. Second, shopping usually takes a lot of time. But to shop on the Internet you only need a computer and a mouse! You can also compare the prices of the same product and spend a lot… or save money.
But many people like going out and shopping with friends. They don’t like shopping on the Internet because they can’t see the product or try the clothes on. Also paying over the Internet isn’t always safe.
Online shopping is changing our way of life. One day no one will go to the shops anymore, because you’ll be able to buy anything on the Internet, and you will be able to receive it anywhere in the world any time!
36、根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。
正确答案：
【参考设计】
Teaching content: The passage is about people who are interested in online shopping.
Teaching Objectives:
Knowledge objectives:
(1) Students can master the main idea of this passage.
(2) Students can understand the meaning and usage of the new words and expressions, such as clothes, tickets, mobile phone.
Ability objectives:
(1) Students can get some useful information from the passage and know the advantages about online shopping.
(2) Students can improve their reading and communicating abilities through class activities.
Emotional objectives:
(1) Students can improve the confidence of learning English, and not afraid of speaking English in class.
(2) Students can cooperate with others actively, and complete the tasks together.
Teaching Key Points:
(1) How to help students to make use of the new words and expressions, such as clothes, tickets, mobile phone.
(2) How to help students to comprehend the main idea of the passage.
Teaching Difficult Points:
(1) How to help students to use the new knowledge correctly in their daily life.
(2) How to help students to understand it is very necessary to form the good shopping habits.
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Pre-reading (6 minutes)
Show the table on the blackboard and ask students to discuss about the online shopping. Then ask students to fill in the blanks. After they have finished, ask students to check the answer in pairs about Advantages and Disadvantages
Show the new words and expressions, such as clothes, tickets, mobile phone, and show the advantages and disadvantages about online shopping to students.
(Justification: Through the various activities, students can know the common idea about online shopping. Meanwhile, the students can learn some new knowledge.)
Step 2 While-reading (8 minutes)
At this step, teacher asks the students to do two activities.
Activity 1: Fast reading
Students will be given one minute to read the short passage quickly, and then conclude the main idea.
Activity 2: Careful reading
Ask the students to read again and answer the following questions. For instance:
A: What is the advantages of online shopping from the passage?
B: What is the disadvantages of online shopping from the passage?
C: Do you like to have an online shopping?
(Justification: Different ways of exploiting the text can help students not merely to cope with one particular text in class but to develop their reading strategies and reading ability.)
Step 3 Post-reading (6 minutes)
Choose some volunteers to do the interview. One of the partners acts as the interviewer and the other interviewee. Make an interview about the topic of online shopping, using the knowledge they have learned this class.
(Justification: Students do the interview in their own way, which helps to apply what they learn in this period in real situation. At the same time, students can have a better understanding of the topic online shopping.)
答案解析：
本题考查教学设计
课型为阅读课，课时为20分钟，考生要知道阅读教学设计模式为PWP,需要把每个教学目标的每个维度写到位，答案比较灵活不唯一。时间要分配好。严格按照写作模式PWP步骤来写，教学设计重在自己多练，建议考生多写，加强熟练程度。
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