Part IV Translation
1、 冬至(Winter Solstice)是全年白昼最短、黑夜最长的一天,标志着一年中最寒冷时节的开始。冬至过后,气温越来越低,人们的户外活动逐渐减少。农民地里活儿不多,主要忙于灌溉系统的维护和农作物的防冻,同时为来年春天播种做准备。 中国人历来很重视冬至,许多地方都把冬至当作一个节日,庆祝方式各地不尽相同。北方人有冬至吃饺子(jiaozi)的习俗,南方人有冬至吃汤圆(tangyuan)的传统。
正确答案:
参考译文
Winter Solstice is the day with the shortest daytime and the longest nighttime, which marks the beginning of the coldest time of the year. After the Winter Solstice, the temperature gets lower and lower, and people gradually reduce their outdoor activities. Farmers have less work in the field, mainly busy with the maintenance of the irrigation system and frost protection of the crops while preparing for sowing in the next spring.
The Chinese people have long attached great importance to Winter Solstice so that it is regarded as a festival in many places with different ways of celebration. The people in the north have the custom of eating jiaozi while those in the south have the tradition of eating tangyuan on the Winter Solstice.
答案解析:
词汇难点
白昼 daytime
黑夜 nighttime
时节 time
户外活动 outdoor activities
灌溉系统 irrigation system
维护 maintenance
农作物 crops
防冻 frost protection
播种 sowing; planting seeds
重视 attach great importance to
表达难点
第一句:本句包含两个分句,主语都是“冬至”,可考虑进行合译。第一个分句可作为主句,译为主系表结构,其中的定语成分“全年白昼最短、黑夜最长的”可处理成定语从句which has the shortest daytime and the longest nighttime,或者是with结构。第二个分句可处理成定语从句。
第二句:本句包含三个分句,第一个分句“冬至过后”可处理成时间状语,第二、三个分句可处理成并列句,用and连接。“越来越……”可使用固定搭配“get+比较级+and+比较级”,“逐渐”可直接译为gradually。
第三句:本句包含三个分句,主语都是“农民”,可考虑进行合译。第一个分句可作为主句,“地里活儿不多”可译为have less work in the field。第二个分句可处理成形容词短语作同位语,“主要忙于”可译成mainly busy with。第三个分句可处理成while引导的状语从句,“为……做准备”可译成prepare for。
第四句:本句包含三个分句,可以利用前两个分句之间隐含的因果关系,将第一个分句作为主句,第二个分句作为so that引导的结果状语从句。而第二、三个分句之间都提到了“各地”,因此可据此进行合译,将“许多地方……,庆祝方式各地不尽相同”译成in many places with different ways of celebration。
第五句:本句包含两个分句,两句之间存在对应关系,可用并列连词while连接。在翻译时建议保留中文原本的对照形式,采用相似的句式结构。“有……的习俗/传统”可译为have the custom/tradition of doing sth.。
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