Part IV Translation
1、 大运河(Grand Canal)是世界上最长的人工河,北起北京,南至杭州。它是中国历史上最宏伟的工程之一。大运河始建于公元前4世纪,公元13世纪末建成。修建之初是为了运输粮食,后来也用于运输其他商品。大运河沿线区域逐渐发展成为中国的工商业中心。长久以来,大运河对中国的经济发展发挥了重要作用,有力地促进了南北地区之间的人员往来和文化交流。
正确答案:
参考译文
The Grand Canal is the longest man-made river in the world, starting from Beijing in the north to Hangzhou in the south. It is one of the most magnificent projects in Chinese history. The Grand Canal was built in the 4th century BC and was completed at the end of the 13th century. It was built to transport grain at the beginning, and later it was also used to transport other commodities. The areas along the Grand Canal have gradually developed into China’s industrial and commercial centers. For a long time, the Grand Canal has played an important role in China’s economic development, and has effectively promoted personnel exchanges and cultural communication between the North and the South.
答案解析:
词汇难点
人工河 man-made/artificial river
宏伟 magnificent; marvelous
运输 transport; ship
粮食 grain; food
商品 commodity; goods
沿线区域 the areas along...
工商业中心 industrial and commercial centers
长久以来 for a long time促进 promote; facilitate
南北地区 the North and the South
人员往来 personnel exchanges
文化交流 cultural communication/exchange
表达难点
第一句:本句中有三个动词“是”“(北)起”和“(南)至”。翻译时可将“是”作为句子谓语,“(北)起”和“(南)至”是说明大运河的起止位置,可处理为伴随状语用分词短语starting from...to...来表示。
第二句:本句较为简单,直译即可。“最……之一”可用one of the most...来表示。
第三句:本句主语为大运河,两个动词“(始)建”和“建成”翻译时可处理为并列谓语。需要注意“大运河”和“建”是被动关系,说的是以前的情况,所以需要用过去式的被动语态。
第四句:本句汉语中省略了主语“大运河”,翻译时需添加主语,可用代词It表示。因为表示修建之初和后来两种情况,翻译时可以处理为and连接的两个并列句,“修建”和“也用于”可分别作为句子谓语,“运输粮食”和“运输其他商品”可处理为不定式短语作目的状语。
第五句:本句主语为“大运河沿线区域”,由于大运河北起北京,南至杭州,所以主语可用复数表示。动词“逐渐发展成为”可作为谓语,由于其对现在仍有影响,需用现在完成时,翻译为have gradually developed into。
第六句:本句主语为“大运河”,有两个动词“发挥了重要作用”和“促进”,可处理为并列谓语,“长久以来”表示一直延续到现在,所以翻译时需用现在完成时。
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