Part IV Translation
1、 坎儿井(Karez)是新疆干旱地区的一种水利系统,由地下渠道将水井连接而成。该系统将春夏季节渗入(seep into)地下的大量雨水及积雪融水收集起来,通过山体的自然坡度引到地面,用于灌溉农田和满足人们的日常用水需求。坎儿井减少了水在地面的蒸发(evaporation),对地表破坏很小,因而有效地保护了自然资源与生态环境。坎儿井体现了我国人民与自然和谐共存的智慧,是对人类文明的一大贡献。
正确答案:
参考译文
Karez is a water conservancy system in the dry area of Xinjiang. It consists of wells connected by underground channels. The system collects a large amount of rainwater and snowmelt that seep into the ground in spring and summer, and draws it to the ground surface through the natural slope of the mountain to irrigate farmland and meet people’s daily water needs. Karez reduces the evaporation of water on the ground surface and does little damage to the ground surface, thus effectively protecting the natural resources and ecological environment. Karez embodies the wisdom of the harmonious coexistence of our people and nature, and is a great contribution to human civilization.
答案解析:
词汇难点
干旱地区 dry/arid area/region
水利系统 water conservancy system
地下渠道 underground channel/canal
积雪融水 snowmelt
自然坡度 the natural slope
引到地面 draw/drain/divert...to the ground
灌溉农田 irrigate farmland
地表 ground/land surface
自然资源 natural resources
生态环境 ecological environment
体现 embody; reflect
和谐共存 harmonious coexistence; coexist in harmony
人类文明 human civilization
一大贡献 a great/major contribution
表达难点
第一句:本句都是在说坎儿井,翻译时可分为两个句子。第一个句子较简单,顺序直译即可。第二个句子可以添加主语It,用“由……而成”作为谓语,需要注意坎儿井本质上是由一系列井构成的,可译为“It consists of wells...”,而“地下渠道将水井连接”可理解为“这些井是由地下渠道连接的”,处理为分词短语作状语,译为connected by underground channels。
第二句:本句较长,翻译时需要理清逻辑关系,可确立句子主干“系统将……水收集起来,……引到地面”,用and连接两个并列谓语“收集”和“引”,译为The system collects...and draws...。“春夏季节渗入(seep into)地下的”可处理为定语从句修饰“大量雨水及积雪融水”,译为a large amount of rainwater and snowmelt that seep into the ground in spring and summer。“用于……”作为目的状语,可译为to irrigate farmland and meet people’s daily water needs。
第三句:本句逻辑较为清晰,句子主干为“坎儿井减少……破坏……”,其中动词“减少”和“破坏”可作为句子并列谓语,译为Karez reduces the evaporation of water on the ground surface and does little damage to the ground surface。“因而……”翻译时可处理为分词结构作结果状语,译为thus effectively protecting the natural resources and ecological environment。
第四句:本句有两个动词“体现”和“是”,可作为句子的并列谓语用and连接。需要注意本篇中描述的坎儿井的一些情况,由于现在仍在使用,所以通篇用一般现在时即可。
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