Part IV Translation
1、 你如果到北京旅游,必须做两件事:一件是登长城,另一件是吃北京烤鸭。闻名遐迩的北京烤鸭曾仅限于宫廷,而现在北京数百家餐厅均有供应。 北京烤鸭源于600年前的明代。来自全国各地的厨师被挑选出来到京城为皇帝做饭。人们认为在皇宫做饭是一种莫大的荣誉,只有厨艺出众者才能获得这份工作。事实上,正是这些宫廷厨师使北京烤鸭的烹饪艺术日臻完善。
正确答案:
If you travel to Beijing, you must do two things: one is to climb the Great Wall, and the other is to taste Beijing roast duck. The well-known Beijing roast duck used to be available only in the imperial court, but now it is served in hundreds of restaurants in Beijing.
Beijing roast duck originated in the Ming Dynasty 600 years ago. Chefs from all over the country during that time were selected to cook for the emperor in the capital. It was considered a great honor to cook in the imperial palace because only those with outstanding cooking skills could be offered the job. In fact, it was these court chefs who gradually perfected the cooking art of Beijing roast duck.
答案解析:
词汇难点
长城 the Great Wall
北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck
宫廷 imperial court
源于 originate
明代 the Ming Dynasty
厨师 chef; cook
皇帝 emperor
皇宫 imperial palace
荣誉 honor
厨艺 cooking skills
出众 outstanding
日臻完善 gradually perfect
表达难点
第一句:本句中包含一个表示条件的分句“你如果到北京旅游”,直译为条件状语从句即可。“必须做的两件事”后面的内容可用冒号引出,译为you must do two things: one is..., and the other is...。“登长城”和“吃北京烤鸭”可用不定式表示,充当两个小分句的表语。
第二句:本句包含两个分句,将“曾经”与“现在”作对比,存在逻辑上的转折关系,翻译时可用but连接两个并列分句。“曾仅限于宫廷”可译为used to be available only in the imperial court,“现在北京数百家餐厅均有供应”中,省略了“供应”的宾语“烤鸭”,翻译时为了使前后句意连贯,可转译为被动语态,用it指代前一句中的Beijing roast duck,“供应”在餐饮业与“上菜”同义,应使用served。这部分译为but now it is served in hundreds of restaurants in Beijing。
第三句:本句为简单句,直译即可,注意时态要用一般过去时。
第四句:本句中有两个动词:“被挑选”和“为皇帝做饭”,第一个动词可作为谓语动词使用被动语态,译为were selected/chosen to。第二个动词可处理为目的状语,译为to cook for the emperor。注意本句的时间点与上一句相同,说的都是600年前的明代,仍应使用一般过去时。可在本句加译during that time,时间状语可置于句首、句末或主语后。
第五句:本句包含两个分句,分析句意可知两个分句之间存在逻辑上的因果关系,所以可将第一个分句译为主句,第二个分句译为原因状语从句。第一个分句中的“人们认为”可用被动语态It was considered表示。第二个分句中,“只有……才……”可以采用“only...can...”的倒装句式,“获得这份工作”也可使用被动结构,译为only those with outstanding cooking skills could be offered the job。
第六句:本句中“正是……”,可用强调句型it was...that/who...表达这种语气。“宫廷厨师”可译为court chefs,“日臻”意为“逐渐”,可译为gradually。“完善”可用perfect表示,perfect在此处为动词。注意宫廷厨师和“使……日臻完善”的时间均发生在古代,故仍使用一般过去时。整句话可译为it was these court chefs who gradually perfected the cooking art of Beijing roast duck。
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