Since the 1940s southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of (26)_____. Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountain, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state’s bad air (27)_____ to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’ hearts and lungs are affected as a (28)_____.
All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home of technological (29)_____, makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in (30)_____. And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring that are (31)_____ to yield minute-to-minute maps of (32)_____ air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside building, including offices.
To this end, Aclima has been (33)_____ with Google’s Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s (34)_____ were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work” days have done their job by (35)_____ pollution lows.
As Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces Endangered List
【A】On a recent fall morning, a large crowd blocked the steps at one of Venice’s main tourist sites, Rialto Bridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal. It is the oldest bridge across the canal, and was the dividing line between the districts of San Marco and San Polo But on this day, there was a twist it was filled with Venetians, not tourists
【B】People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ‘90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian. "It started as a joke, "he says with a laugh. “The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur. Precisely like that, you just go around and run people down.”
【C】Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world. But that’s a problem. Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s. The outnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. And those who stick around are tired of living in a place where they can’t even get to the market without swimming through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine, navigating through 50,000 people while on the way to school or to work.
【D】Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism—the primary industry in Venice, worth more than $3 billion in 2015. "Venice is a cash cow,” she says, "and everyone wants a piece.”
【E】Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval （中世纪的） surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves. "Every time I see a cruise ship, I feel sad," Chigi says. "You see the mud it drags, the destruction it leaves in its wake? That hurts the ancient wooden poles holding up the city underwater. One day we'll see Venice break down."
【F】For a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed to agree. Two years ago, it put Italy on notice, saying the government was not protecting Venice. UNESCO considers the entire city a World Heritage Site, a prestigious honor that means Venice, at the cultural level, belongs to all of the world's people. In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list — World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.
【G】 Venice's deadline passed with barely a murmur this summer, just as UNESCO was meeting in Istanbul. Only one representative, Jad Tabet from Lebanon, tried to raise the issue. "For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, and it has now reached a dramatic situation," Tabet told UNESCO. "We have to act quickly. There is not a moment to waste."
【H】But UNESCO didn't even hold a vote. "It's been postponed until 2017," says Anna Somers, the founder and CEO of The Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril, a group devoted to restoring Venetian art. She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger is because UNESCO has become "intensely politicized. There would have been some back-room negotiations."
【I】Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in the world, granting it considerable power and influence within the organization. The former head of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, which oversees heritage sites, is Francesco Bandarin, a Venetian who now serves as UNESCO's assistant director-general for culture.
【J】 Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists （考古学家） to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS. The accord underlined Italy's global reputation as a good steward of art and culture.
【K】But adding Venice to the UNESCO endangered list—which is dominated by sites in developing and conflict-ridden countries—would be an international embarrassment, and could even hurt Italy's profitable tourism industry. The Italian Culture Ministry says it is unaware of any government efforts to pressure UNESCO. As for the organization itself, it declined a request for an interview.
【L】The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.
【M】As for Venetians, they're frustrated and hoping for a solution soon. "It's a nightmare for me. Some situations are really difficult with tourists around," says Giorgio as he navigates around a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridge. “There are just so many of them. They never know where they are going, and do not walk in an orderly manner. Navigating the streets can be exhausting.”
【N】Then it hits him: This crowd isn't made up of tourists. They're Venetians. Giorgio says he's never experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 years. "For once, we are the ones who are blocking the traffic," he says delightedly. "It feels unreal. It feels like we're some form of endangered species. It's just nice. The feeling is just pure." But, he worries, if tourism isn't managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.
11、36. The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient buildings in Venice.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36. 来往的游轮将破坏威尼斯古建筑的地基。
[E] Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval （中世纪的） surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词passing cruise ships和foundations，定位至文中E段。题干中passing cruise ships是对原文中a cruise ship passes的同义转述，undermine是对原文中weakening的同义替换，the foundations of the ancient buildings是对原文中the foundations of the centuries-old buildings的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
37. 意大利政府刚刚和联合国教科文组织达成协议，将采取措施保护文化遗产。
[J] Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists （考古学家） to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government，UNESCO和cultural heritage，定位至文中J段。定位词UNESCO和cultural heritage是原词复现，题干中reached an agreement是对原文中signed an accord的同义替换，take measures是对原文中establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists的概括。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
38. 过去几年，威尼斯的遗产状况一直在恶化。
[G] For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, …
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词heritage situation和Venice，定位至文中G段。题干中The heritage situation in Venice是对原文中the situation of heritage in Venice的同义替换，deteriorating是对原文中worsening的同义替换，in the past few years是对原文中For several years的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
39. 威尼斯永久居民数量的减少主要是由于游客的增加。
[C] Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词permanent residents和the increase of tourists，定位至文中C段。定位词permanent residents原词出现，题干中the increase of tourists是对原文中The tourist increase的同义替换，is mainly due to是对原文中is one key reason的转述，decrease是对原文中down的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
40. 如果旅游业发展失控，当地的威尼斯人有一天可能会完全抛弃这座城市。
[N] But, he worries, if tourism isn't managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词gets out of control和desert the city，定位至文中N段。题干中If tourism gets out of control是对原文中if tourism isn't managed的同义转述，native Venetians是对原文中his fellow locals的转述，desert the city是对原文中move to the mainland的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
41. 联合国教科文组织敦促意大利政府承担起保护威尼斯的责任。
[F] In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list — World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.
[B] People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ‘90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词shopping carts和Venetian march，定位至文中B段。题干中100% local residents是对原文中true Venetian的同义转述，.题干是对本段内容的同义转述。
43. 威尼斯市长无视联合国教科文组织的警告，继续支持该市的旅游业。
[L] The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词the mayor of Venice，定位至文中L段。题干中Ignoring UNESCO's warning是对原文中ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business的概括转述，maintains his support of the city’s tourism industry是对原文中continuing to support the cruise ship industry的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
44. 一位女士说，几十年来，意大利政府和地方政府只关注旅游业的收入。
[D] Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government和local authorities，定位至文中D段。题干中the Italian government and local authorities是对原文中the local and national governments的同义替换，only focused on the revenues from tourism是对原文中only interested in tourism的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
45. 联合国教科文组织尚未决定将威尼斯列入濒危世界遗产名录。
[H] She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger is because UNESCO has become "intensely politicized.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词UNESCO，not yet decided和World Heritage Sites In Danger，定位至文中H段。题干中not yet decided是对原文中didn't vote to的同义替换，put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger是对原文中declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
12、37. The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to take measures to protect its cultural heritage.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36. 来往的游轮将破坏威尼斯古建筑的地基。
[E] Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval （中世纪的） surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词passing cruise ships和foundations，定位至文中E段。题干中passing cruise ships是对原文中a cruise ship passes的同义转述，undermine是对原文中weakening的同义替换，the foundations of the ancient buildings是对原文中the foundations of the centuries-old buildings的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
37. 意大利政府刚刚和联合国教科文组织达成协议，将采取措施保护文化遗产。
[J] Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists （考古学家） to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government，UNESCO和cultural heritage，定位至文中J段。定位词UNESCO和cultural heritage是原词复现，题干中reached an agreement是对原文中signed an accord的同义替换，take measures是对原文中establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists的概括。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
38. 过去几年，威尼斯的遗产状况一直在恶化。
[G] For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, …
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词heritage situation和Venice，定位至文中G段。题干中The heritage situation in Venice是对原文中the situation of heritage in Venice的同义替换，deteriorating是对原文中worsening的同义替换，in the past few years是对原文中For several years的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
39. 威尼斯永久居民数量的减少主要是由于游客的增加。
[C] Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词permanent residents和the increase of tourists，定位至文中C段。定位词permanent residents原词出现，题干中the increase of tourists是对原文中The tourist increase的同义替换，is mainly due to是对原文中is one key reason的转述，decrease是对原文中down的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
40. 如果旅游业发展失控，当地的威尼斯人有一天可能会完全抛弃这座城市。
[N] But, he worries, if tourism isn't managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词gets out of control和desert the city，定位至文中N段。题干中If tourism gets out of control是对原文中if tourism isn't managed的同义转述，native Venetians是对原文中his fellow locals的转述，desert the city是对原文中move to the mainland的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
41. 联合国教科文组织敦促意大利政府承担起保护威尼斯的责任。
[F] In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list — World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.
[B] People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ‘90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词shopping carts和Venetian march，定位至文中B段。题干中100% local residents是对原文中true Venetian的同义转述，.题干是对本段内容的同义转述。
43. 威尼斯市长无视联合国教科文组织的警告，继续支持该市的旅游业。
[L] The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词the mayor of Venice，定位至文中L段。题干中Ignoring UNESCO's warning是对原文中ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business的概括转述，maintains his support of the city’s tourism industry是对原文中continuing to support the cruise ship industry的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
44. 一位女士说，几十年来，意大利政府和地方政府只关注旅游业的收入。
[D] Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government和local authorities，定位至文中D段。题干中the Italian government and local authorities是对原文中the local and national governments的同义替换，only focused on the revenues from tourism是对原文中only interested in tourism的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
45. 联合国教科文组织尚未决定将威尼斯列入濒危世界遗产名录。
[H] She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger is because UNESCO has become "intensely politicized.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词UNESCO，not yet decided和World Heritage Sites In Danger，定位至文中H段。题干中not yet decided是对原文中didn't vote to的同义替换，put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger是对原文中declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
13、38. The heritage situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few years.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36. 来往的游轮将破坏威尼斯古建筑的地基。
[E] Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval （中世纪的） surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词passing cruise ships和foundations，定位至文中E段。题干中passing cruise ships是对原文中a cruise ship passes的同义转述，undermine是对原文中weakening的同义替换，the foundations of the ancient buildings是对原文中the foundations of the centuries-old buildings的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
37. 意大利政府刚刚和联合国教科文组织达成协议，将采取措施保护文化遗产。
[J] Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists （考古学家） to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government，UNESCO和cultural heritage，定位至文中J段。定位词UNESCO和cultural heritage是原词复现，题干中reached an agreement是对原文中signed an accord的同义替换，take measures是对原文中establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists的概括。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
38. 过去几年，威尼斯的遗产状况一直在恶化。
[G] For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, …
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词heritage situation和Venice，定位至文中G段。题干中The heritage situation in Venice是对原文中the situation of heritage in Venice的同义替换，deteriorating是对原文中worsening的同义替换，in the past few years是对原文中For several years的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
39. 威尼斯永久居民数量的减少主要是由于游客的增加。
[C] Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词permanent residents和the increase of tourists，定位至文中C段。定位词permanent residents原词出现，题干中the increase of tourists是对原文中The tourist increase的同义替换，is mainly due to是对原文中is one key reason的转述，decrease是对原文中down的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
40. 如果旅游业发展失控，当地的威尼斯人有一天可能会完全抛弃这座城市。
[N] But, he worries, if tourism isn't managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词gets out of control和desert the city，定位至文中N段。题干中If tourism gets out of control是对原文中if tourism isn't managed的同义转述，native Venetians是对原文中his fellow locals的转述，desert the city是对原文中move to the mainland的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
41. 联合国教科文组织敦促意大利政府承担起保护威尼斯的责任。
[F] In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list — World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.
[B] People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ‘90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词shopping carts和Venetian march，定位至文中B段。题干中100% local residents是对原文中true Venetian的同义转述，.题干是对本段内容的同义转述。
43. 威尼斯市长无视联合国教科文组织的警告，继续支持该市的旅游业。
[L] The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词the mayor of Venice，定位至文中L段。题干中Ignoring UNESCO's warning是对原文中ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business的概括转述，maintains his support of the city’s tourism industry是对原文中continuing to support the cruise ship industry的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
44. 一位女士说，几十年来，意大利政府和地方政府只关注旅游业的收入。
[D] Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government和local authorities，定位至文中D段。题干中the Italian government and local authorities是对原文中the local and national governments的同义替换，only focused on the revenues from tourism是对原文中only interested in tourism的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
45. 联合国教科文组织尚未决定将威尼斯列入濒危世界遗产名录。
[H] She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger is because UNESCO has become "intensely politicized.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词UNESCO，not yet decided和World Heritage Sites In Danger，定位至文中H段。题干中not yet decided是对原文中didn't vote to的同义替换，put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger是对原文中declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
14、39. The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly due to the increase of tourists.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36. 来往的游轮将破坏威尼斯古建筑的地基。
[E] Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval （中世纪的） surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词passing cruise ships和foundations，定位至文中E段。题干中passing cruise ships是对原文中a cruise ship passes的同义转述，undermine是对原文中weakening的同义替换，the foundations of the ancient buildings是对原文中the foundations of the centuries-old buildings的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
37. 意大利政府刚刚和联合国教科文组织达成协议，将采取措施保护文化遗产。
[J] Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists （考古学家） to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government，UNESCO和cultural heritage，定位至文中J段。定位词UNESCO和cultural heritage是原词复现，题干中reached an agreement是对原文中signed an accord的同义替换，take measures是对原文中establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists的概括。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
38. 过去几年，威尼斯的遗产状况一直在恶化。
[G] For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, …
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词heritage situation和Venice，定位至文中G段。题干中The heritage situation in Venice是对原文中the situation of heritage in Venice的同义替换，deteriorating是对原文中worsening的同义替换，in the past few years是对原文中For several years的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
39. 威尼斯永久居民数量的减少主要是由于游客的增加。
[C] Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词permanent residents和the increase of tourists，定位至文中C段。定位词permanent residents原词出现，题干中the increase of tourists是对原文中The tourist increase的同义替换，is mainly due to是对原文中is one key reason的转述，decrease是对原文中down的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
40. 如果旅游业发展失控，当地的威尼斯人有一天可能会完全抛弃这座城市。
[N] But, he worries, if tourism isn't managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词gets out of control和desert the city，定位至文中N段。题干中If tourism gets out of control是对原文中if tourism isn't managed的同义转述，native Venetians是对原文中his fellow locals的转述，desert the city是对原文中move to the mainland的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
41. 联合国教科文组织敦促意大利政府承担起保护威尼斯的责任。
[F] In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list — World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.
[B] People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ‘90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词shopping carts和Venetian march，定位至文中B段。题干中100% local residents是对原文中true Venetian的同义转述，.题干是对本段内容的同义转述。
43. 威尼斯市长无视联合国教科文组织的警告，继续支持该市的旅游业。
[L] The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词the mayor of Venice，定位至文中L段。题干中Ignoring UNESCO's warning是对原文中ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business的概括转述，maintains his support of the city’s tourism industry是对原文中continuing to support the cruise ship industry的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
44. 一位女士说，几十年来，意大利政府和地方政府只关注旅游业的收入。
[D] Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government和local authorities，定位至文中D段。题干中the Italian government and local authorities是对原文中the local and national governments的同义替换，only focused on the revenues from tourism是对原文中only interested in tourism的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
45. 联合国教科文组织尚未决定将威尼斯列入濒危世界遗产名录。
[H] She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger is because UNESCO has become "intensely politicized.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词UNESCO，not yet decided和World Heritage Sites In Danger，定位至文中H段。题干中not yet decided是对原文中didn't vote to的同义替换，put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger是对原文中declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
15、40. If tourism gets out of control, native Venetians may desert the city altogether one day.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36. 来往的游轮将破坏威尼斯古建筑的地基。
[E] Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval （中世纪的） surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词passing cruise ships和foundations，定位至文中E段。题干中passing cruise ships是对原文中a cruise ship passes的同义转述，undermine是对原文中weakening的同义替换，the foundations of the ancient buildings是对原文中the foundations of the centuries-old buildings的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
37. 意大利政府刚刚和联合国教科文组织达成协议，将采取措施保护文化遗产。
[J] Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists （考古学家） to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government，UNESCO和cultural heritage，定位至文中J段。定位词UNESCO和cultural heritage是原词复现，题干中reached an agreement是对原文中signed an accord的同义替换，take measures是对原文中establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists的概括。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
38. 过去几年，威尼斯的遗产状况一直在恶化。
[G] For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, …
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词heritage situation和Venice，定位至文中G段。题干中The heritage situation in Venice是对原文中the situation of heritage in Venice的同义替换，deteriorating是对原文中worsening的同义替换，in the past few years是对原文中For several years的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
39. 威尼斯永久居民数量的减少主要是由于游客的增加。
[C] Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词permanent residents和the increase of tourists，定位至文中C段。定位词permanent residents原词出现，题干中the increase of tourists是对原文中The tourist increase的同义替换，is mainly due to是对原文中is one key reason的转述，decrease是对原文中down的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
40. 如果旅游业发展失控，当地的威尼斯人有一天可能会完全抛弃这座城市。
[N] But, he worries, if tourism isn't managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词gets out of control和desert the city，定位至文中N段。题干中If tourism gets out of control是对原文中if tourism isn't managed的同义转述，native Venetians是对原文中his fellow locals的转述，desert the city是对原文中move to the mainland的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
41. 联合国教科文组织敦促意大利政府承担起保护威尼斯的责任。
[F] In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list — World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.
[B] People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ‘90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词shopping carts和Venetian march，定位至文中B段。题干中100% local residents是对原文中true Venetian的同义转述，.题干是对本段内容的同义转述。
43. 威尼斯市长无视联合国教科文组织的警告，继续支持该市的旅游业。
[L] The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词the mayor of Venice，定位至文中L段。题干中Ignoring UNESCO's warning是对原文中ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business的概括转述，maintains his support of the city’s tourism industry是对原文中continuing to support the cruise ship industry的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
44. 一位女士说，几十年来，意大利政府和地方政府只关注旅游业的收入。
[D] Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government和local authorities，定位至文中D段。题干中the Italian government and local authorities是对原文中the local and national governments的同义替换，only focused on the revenues from tourism是对原文中only interested in tourism的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
45. 联合国教科文组织尚未决定将威尼斯列入濒危世界遗产名录。
[H] She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger is because UNESCO has become "intensely politicized.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词UNESCO，not yet decided和World Heritage Sites In Danger，定位至文中H段。题干中not yet decided是对原文中didn't vote to的同义替换，put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger是对原文中declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
16、41. UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to protect Venice.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36. 来往的游轮将破坏威尼斯古建筑的地基。
[E] Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval （中世纪的） surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词passing cruise ships和foundations，定位至文中E段。题干中passing cruise ships是对原文中a cruise ship passes的同义转述，undermine是对原文中weakening的同义替换，the foundations of the ancient buildings是对原文中the foundations of the centuries-old buildings的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
37. 意大利政府刚刚和联合国教科文组织达成协议，将采取措施保护文化遗产。
[J] Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists （考古学家） to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government，UNESCO和cultural heritage，定位至文中J段。定位词UNESCO和cultural heritage是原词复现，题干中reached an agreement是对原文中signed an accord的同义替换，take measures是对原文中establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists的概括。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
38. 过去几年，威尼斯的遗产状况一直在恶化。
[G] For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, …
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词heritage situation和Venice，定位至文中G段。题干中The heritage situation in Venice是对原文中the situation of heritage in Venice的同义替换，deteriorating是对原文中worsening的同义替换，in the past few years是对原文中For several years的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
39. 威尼斯永久居民数量的减少主要是由于游客的增加。
[C] Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词permanent residents和the increase of tourists，定位至文中C段。定位词permanent residents原词出现，题干中the increase of tourists是对原文中The tourist increase的同义替换，is mainly due to是对原文中is one key reason的转述，decrease是对原文中down的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
40. 如果旅游业发展失控，当地的威尼斯人有一天可能会完全抛弃这座城市。
[N] But, he worries, if tourism isn't managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词gets out of control和desert the city，定位至文中N段。题干中If tourism gets out of control是对原文中if tourism isn't managed的同义转述，native Venetians是对原文中his fellow locals的转述，desert the city是对原文中move to the mainland的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
41. 联合国教科文组织敦促意大利政府承担起保护威尼斯的责任。
[F] In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list — World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.
[B] People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ‘90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词shopping carts和Venetian march，定位至文中B段。题干中100% local residents是对原文中true Venetian的同义转述，.题干是对本段内容的同义转述。
43. 威尼斯市长无视联合国教科文组织的警告，继续支持该市的旅游业。
[L] The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词the mayor of Venice，定位至文中L段。题干中Ignoring UNESCO's warning是对原文中ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business的概括转述，maintains his support of the city’s tourism industry是对原文中continuing to support the cruise ship industry的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
44. 一位女士说，几十年来，意大利政府和地方政府只关注旅游业的收入。
[D] Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government和local authorities，定位至文中D段。题干中the Italian government and local authorities是对原文中the local and national governments的同义替换，only focused on the revenues from tourism是对原文中only interested in tourism的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
45. 联合国教科文组织尚未决定将威尼斯列入濒危世界遗产名录。
[H] She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger is because UNESCO has become "intensely politicized.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词UNESCO，not yet decided和World Heritage Sites In Danger，定位至文中H段。题干中not yet decided是对原文中didn't vote to的同义替换，put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger是对原文中declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
17、42. The participants in the Venetian march used shopping carts to show they were 100% local residents.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36. 来往的游轮将破坏威尼斯古建筑的地基。
[E] Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval （中世纪的） surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词passing cruise ships和foundations，定位至文中E段。题干中passing cruise ships是对原文中a cruise ship passes的同义转述，undermine是对原文中weakening的同义替换，the foundations of the ancient buildings是对原文中the foundations of the centuries-old buildings的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
37. 意大利政府刚刚和联合国教科文组织达成协议，将采取措施保护文化遗产。
[J] Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists （考古学家） to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government，UNESCO和cultural heritage，定位至文中J段。定位词UNESCO和cultural heritage是原词复现，题干中reached an agreement是对原文中signed an accord的同义替换，take measures是对原文中establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists的概括。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
38. 过去几年，威尼斯的遗产状况一直在恶化。
[G] For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, …
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词heritage situation和Venice，定位至文中G段。题干中The heritage situation in Venice是对原文中the situation of heritage in Venice的同义替换，deteriorating是对原文中worsening的同义替换，in the past few years是对原文中For several years的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
39. 威尼斯永久居民数量的减少主要是由于游客的增加。
[C] Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词permanent residents和the increase of tourists，定位至文中C段。定位词permanent residents原词出现，题干中the increase of tourists是对原文中The tourist increase的同义替换，is mainly due to是对原文中is one key reason的转述，decrease是对原文中down的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
40. 如果旅游业发展失控，当地的威尼斯人有一天可能会完全抛弃这座城市。
[N] But, he worries, if tourism isn't managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词gets out of control和desert the city，定位至文中N段。题干中If tourism gets out of control是对原文中if tourism isn't managed的同义转述，native Venetians是对原文中his fellow locals的转述，desert the city是对原文中move to the mainland的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
41. 联合国教科文组织敦促意大利政府承担起保护威尼斯的责任。
[F] In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list — World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.
[B] People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ‘90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词shopping carts和Venetian march，定位至文中B段。题干中100% local residents是对原文中true Venetian的同义转述，.题干是对本段内容的同义转述。
43. 威尼斯市长无视联合国教科文组织的警告，继续支持该市的旅游业。
[L] The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词the mayor of Venice，定位至文中L段。题干中Ignoring UNESCO's warning是对原文中ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business的概括转述，maintains his support of the city’s tourism industry是对原文中continuing to support the cruise ship industry的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
44. 一位女士说，几十年来，意大利政府和地方政府只关注旅游业的收入。
[D] Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government和local authorities，定位至文中D段。题干中the Italian government and local authorities是对原文中the local and national governments的同义替换，only focused on the revenues from tourism是对原文中only interested in tourism的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
45. 联合国教科文组织尚未决定将威尼斯列入濒危世界遗产名录。
[H] She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger is because UNESCO has become "intensely politicized.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词UNESCO，not yet decided和World Heritage Sites In Danger，定位至文中H段。题干中not yet decided是对原文中didn't vote to的同义替换，put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger是对原文中declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
18、43. Ignoring UNESCO's warning, the mayor of Venice maintains his support of the city’s tourism industry.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36. 来往的游轮将破坏威尼斯古建筑的地基。
[E] Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval （中世纪的） surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词passing cruise ships和foundations，定位至文中E段。题干中passing cruise ships是对原文中a cruise ship passes的同义转述，undermine是对原文中weakening的同义替换，the foundations of the ancient buildings是对原文中the foundations of the centuries-old buildings的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
37. 意大利政府刚刚和联合国教科文组织达成协议，将采取措施保护文化遗产。
[J] Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists （考古学家） to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government，UNESCO和cultural heritage，定位至文中J段。定位词UNESCO和cultural heritage是原词复现，题干中reached an agreement是对原文中signed an accord的同义替换，take measures是对原文中establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists的概括。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
38. 过去几年，威尼斯的遗产状况一直在恶化。
[G] For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, …
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词heritage situation和Venice，定位至文中G段。题干中The heritage situation in Venice是对原文中the situation of heritage in Venice的同义替换，deteriorating是对原文中worsening的同义替换，in the past few years是对原文中For several years的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
39. 威尼斯永久居民数量的减少主要是由于游客的增加。
[C] Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词permanent residents和the increase of tourists，定位至文中C段。定位词permanent residents原词出现，题干中the increase of tourists是对原文中The tourist increase的同义替换，is mainly due to是对原文中is one key reason的转述，decrease是对原文中down的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
40. 如果旅游业发展失控，当地的威尼斯人有一天可能会完全抛弃这座城市。
[N] But, he worries, if tourism isn't managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词gets out of control和desert the city，定位至文中N段。题干中If tourism gets out of control是对原文中if tourism isn't managed的同义转述，native Venetians是对原文中his fellow locals的转述，desert the city是对原文中move to the mainland的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
41. 联合国教科文组织敦促意大利政府承担起保护威尼斯的责任。
[F] In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list — World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.
[B] People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ‘90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词shopping carts和Venetian march，定位至文中B段。题干中100% local residents是对原文中true Venetian的同义转述，.题干是对本段内容的同义转述。
43. 威尼斯市长无视联合国教科文组织的警告，继续支持该市的旅游业。
[L] The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词the mayor of Venice，定位至文中L段。题干中Ignoring UNESCO's warning是对原文中ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business的概括转述，maintains his support of the city’s tourism industry是对原文中continuing to support the cruise ship industry的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
44. 一位女士说，几十年来，意大利政府和地方政府只关注旅游业的收入。
[D] Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government和local authorities，定位至文中D段。题干中the Italian government and local authorities是对原文中the local and national governments的同义替换，only focused on the revenues from tourism是对原文中only interested in tourism的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
45. 联合国教科文组织尚未决定将威尼斯列入濒危世界遗产名录。
[H] She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger is because UNESCO has become "intensely politicized.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词UNESCO，not yet decided和World Heritage Sites In Danger，定位至文中H段。题干中not yet decided是对原文中didn't vote to的同义替换，put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger是对原文中declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
19、44. One woman says that for decades the Italian government and local authorities have only focused on the revenues from tourism.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36. 来往的游轮将破坏威尼斯古建筑的地基。
[E] Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval （中世纪的） surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词passing cruise ships和foundations，定位至文中E段。题干中passing cruise ships是对原文中a cruise ship passes的同义转述，undermine是对原文中weakening的同义替换，the foundations of the ancient buildings是对原文中the foundations of the centuries-old buildings的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
37. 意大利政府刚刚和联合国教科文组织达成协议，将采取措施保护文化遗产。
[J] Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists （考古学家） to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government，UNESCO和cultural heritage，定位至文中J段。定位词UNESCO和cultural heritage是原词复现，题干中reached an agreement是对原文中signed an accord的同义替换，take measures是对原文中establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists的概括。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
38. 过去几年，威尼斯的遗产状况一直在恶化。
[G] For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, …
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词heritage situation和Venice，定位至文中G段。题干中The heritage situation in Venice是对原文中the situation of heritage in Venice的同义替换，deteriorating是对原文中worsening的同义替换，in the past few years是对原文中For several years的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
39. 威尼斯永久居民数量的减少主要是由于游客的增加。
[C] Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词permanent residents和the increase of tourists，定位至文中C段。定位词permanent residents原词出现，题干中the increase of tourists是对原文中The tourist increase的同义替换，is mainly due to是对原文中is one key reason的转述，decrease是对原文中down的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
40. 如果旅游业发展失控，当地的威尼斯人有一天可能会完全抛弃这座城市。
[N] But, he worries, if tourism isn't managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词gets out of control和desert the city，定位至文中N段。题干中If tourism gets out of control是对原文中if tourism isn't managed的同义转述，native Venetians是对原文中his fellow locals的转述，desert the city是对原文中move to the mainland的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
41. 联合国教科文组织敦促意大利政府承担起保护威尼斯的责任。
[F] In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list — World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.
[B] People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ‘90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词shopping carts和Venetian march，定位至文中B段。题干中100% local residents是对原文中true Venetian的同义转述，.题干是对本段内容的同义转述。
43. 威尼斯市长无视联合国教科文组织的警告，继续支持该市的旅游业。
[L] The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词the mayor of Venice，定位至文中L段。题干中Ignoring UNESCO's warning是对原文中ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business的概括转述，maintains his support of the city’s tourism industry是对原文中continuing to support the cruise ship industry的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
44. 一位女士说，几十年来，意大利政府和地方政府只关注旅游业的收入。
[D] Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government和local authorities，定位至文中D段。题干中the Italian government and local authorities是对原文中the local and national governments的同义替换，only focused on the revenues from tourism是对原文中only interested in tourism的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
45. 联合国教科文组织尚未决定将威尼斯列入濒危世界遗产名录。
[H] She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger is because UNESCO has become "intensely politicized.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词UNESCO，not yet decided和World Heritage Sites In Danger，定位至文中H段。题干中not yet decided是对原文中didn't vote to的同义替换，put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger是对原文中declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
20、45. UNESCO has not yet decided to put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36. 来往的游轮将破坏威尼斯古建筑的地基。
[E] Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval （中世纪的） surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词passing cruise ships和foundations，定位至文中E段。题干中passing cruise ships是对原文中a cruise ship passes的同义转述，undermine是对原文中weakening的同义替换，the foundations of the ancient buildings是对原文中the foundations of the centuries-old buildings的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
37. 意大利政府刚刚和联合国教科文组织达成协议，将采取措施保护文化遗产。
[J] Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists （考古学家） to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government，UNESCO和cultural heritage，定位至文中J段。定位词UNESCO和cultural heritage是原词复现，题干中reached an agreement是对原文中signed an accord的同义替换，take measures是对原文中establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists的概括。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
38. 过去几年，威尼斯的遗产状况一直在恶化。
[G] For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, …
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词heritage situation和Venice，定位至文中G段。题干中The heritage situation in Venice是对原文中the situation of heritage in Venice的同义替换，deteriorating是对原文中worsening的同义替换，in the past few years是对原文中For several years的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
39. 威尼斯永久居民数量的减少主要是由于游客的增加。
[C] Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词permanent residents和the increase of tourists，定位至文中C段。定位词permanent residents原词出现，题干中the increase of tourists是对原文中The tourist increase的同义替换，is mainly due to是对原文中is one key reason的转述，decrease是对原文中down的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
40. 如果旅游业发展失控，当地的威尼斯人有一天可能会完全抛弃这座城市。
[N] But, he worries, if tourism isn't managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词gets out of control和desert the city，定位至文中N段。题干中If tourism gets out of control是对原文中if tourism isn't managed的同义转述，native Venetians是对原文中his fellow locals的转述，desert the city是对原文中move to the mainland的转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
41. 联合国教科文组织敦促意大利政府承担起保护威尼斯的责任。
[F] In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list — World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.
[B] People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ‘90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词shopping carts和Venetian march，定位至文中B段。题干中100% local residents是对原文中true Venetian的同义转述，.题干是对本段内容的同义转述。
43. 威尼斯市长无视联合国教科文组织的警告，继续支持该市的旅游业。
[L] The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词the mayor of Venice，定位至文中L段。题干中Ignoring UNESCO's warning是对原文中ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business的概括转述，maintains his support of the city’s tourism industry是对原文中continuing to support the cruise ship industry的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
44. 一位女士说，几十年来，意大利政府和地方政府只关注旅游业的收入。
[D] Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词Italian government和local authorities，定位至文中D段。题干中the Italian government and local authorities是对原文中the local and national governments的同义替换，only focused on the revenues from tourism是对原文中only interested in tourism的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
45. 联合国教科文组织尚未决定将威尼斯列入濒危世界遗产名录。
[H] She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger is because UNESCO has become "intensely politicized.
解析：首先在题目中锁定定位词UNESCO，not yet decided和World Heritage Sites In Danger，定位至文中H段。题干中not yet decided是对原文中didn't vote to的同义替换，put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger是对原文中declare Venice a World Heritage Site in Danger的同义转述。题干是对原文这一内容的同义转述。
Part III Reading Comprehension
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.
After age 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and thing quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Woman’s Hospital in Boston.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it, that’s far more concerning, Daffner says.
When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved.” Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.
But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications （药物） like antidepressants.
You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive （认知的) reserve, Daffner says.
“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways,” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.
21、46. Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory slips?
A Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.
B They occur only among certain groups of people.
C Not all of them are related to one’s age.
D They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.
答案解析：
46. Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory slips?
（为什么作者说人们不用担忧记忆力衰退？）
A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.（并非所有记忆衰退都是痴呆症的症状。）
B) They occur only among certain groups of people.（它们只发生在特定人群中。）
C) Not all of them are related to one’s age. （并非所有的记忆衰退都和年龄相关。）
D) They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.（它们在50岁的人中最常见。）
24、49. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?
A Check the brain’s cognitive reserve.
B Turn to a professional for assistance.
C Stop medications affecting memory.
D Exercise to improve their well-being.
答案解析：
49. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?
（当出现严重的记忆丧失的迹象时，人们应该做些什么？）
A) Check the brain’s cognitive reserve.（检查大脑的认知储备。）
B) Turn to a professional for assistance.（向专业人士寻求帮助。）
C) Stop medications affecting memory.（停用影响记忆力的药物。）
D) Exercise to improve their well-being.（通过锻炼提升幸福感。）
解析：B。首先在题目中找到定位词signs of serious memory，定位到第五段结尾，继续看第六段。该段指出，记忆力丧失可能是由睡眠中的呼吸暂停，高血压，抑郁以及药物等原因引起的。并未指出措施。第七段指出，Daffner建议去看医生，检查药物、健康问题或其他可能影响记忆力的问题。最好的办法是强化认知储备。可见当发生严重记忆丧失时应该看医生，故B选项为正确答案。A选项中check与原文中的build up相悖，故错误。原文中只提及药物可能影响记忆力，需要医生检查，并未提到停用，故C选项那个错误。D选项并未提及。
25、50. What is Dr. Daffner’s advice for combating memory loss?
A Having regular physical and mental checkups.
B Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.
C Engaging in known memory repair activities.
D Staying active both physically and mentally.
答案解析：
50. What is Dr. Daffner’s advice for combating memory loss?
（关于抵抗记忆丧失，Daffner博士的建议是什么）
A) Having regular physical and mental checkups.（进行定期身体和精神检查。）
B) Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.（吃促进大脑活力的药物。）
C) Engaging in known memory repair activities.（参与已知的记忆修复活动。）
D) Staying active both physically and mentally.（保持身体和精神的活力。）
A letter written by Charles Darwin in 1875 has been returned to the Smithsonian Institution Archives(档案馆)by the FBI after being stolen twice.
“We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing,” says Effie Kapsalis, head of the Smithsonian Institution Archives. “It was noted as missing and likely taken by an intern, from what the FBI is telling us. Word got out that it was missing when someone asked to see the letter for research purposes,” and the intern put the letter back. “The intern likely took the letter again once nobody was watching it.”
Decades passed. Finally the FBI received a tip that the stolen document was located very close to Washington, D.C. Their art crime team recovered the letter but were unable to press charges because the time of limitations had ended. The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letter was both authentic and definitely Smithsonian’s property.
The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, for sending him copies of his research into the geology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park.
The letter is in fairly good condition, in spite of being out of the care of trained museum staff for so long. “It was luckily in good shape,” says Kapsalis, “and we just have to do some minor things in order to be able to unfold it. It has some glue on it that has colored it slightly, but nothing that will prevent us from using it. After it is repaired, we will take digital photos of it and that will be available online. One of our goals is to get items of high research value or interest to the public online.”
It would now be difficult for an intern, visitor or a thief to steal a document like this. “Archiving practices have changed greatly since the 1970s,” says Kapsalis. “and we keep our high value documents in a safe that I don’t even have access to.”
26、51. What happened to Darwin’s letter in the 1970s?
A It was recovered by the FBI.
B It was stolen more than once.
C It was put in the archives for research purposes.
D It was purchased by the Smithsonian Archives.
答案解析：
51. What happened to Darwin’s letter in the 1970s?
（20世纪70年代达尔文的信发生了什么？）
A) It was recovered by the FBI.（被FBI寻回。）
B) It was stolen more than once.（被偷了不止一次。）
C) It was put in the archives for research purposes.（出于研究目的，被放在档案馆。）
D) It was purchased by the Smithsonian Archives.（是由史密森学会档案馆购买的。）
解析：B。首先在题目中找到定位词in the 1970s，定位到第二段。该段指出，20世纪70年代中期档案馆意识到信件丢失。据FBI说，是实习生偷了信。有人出于研究目的想看一下信件时，实习生将信放回，然后趁无人看管时又将信偷走。可见信件被偷不止一次，B选项与原文信息一致，为正确答案。A选项并非发生在20世纪70年代，故错误。C、D选项并未提及。
27、52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?
A They proved its authenticity.
B They kept it in a special safe.
C They arrested the suspect immediately.
D They pressed criminal charges in vain.
答案解析：
52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?
（在追回信件后，FBI做了什么？）
A) They proved its authenticity.（他们证实了其真实性。）
B) They kept it in a special safe.（他们将它放在特质的保险箱中。）
C) They arrested the suspect immediately.（他们立即逮捕了嫌疑犯。）
D) They pressed criminal charges in vain.（他们徒劳地提出刑事指控。）
解析：A。首先在题目中找到定位词recovery of the letter，定位到第三段。该段最后一句指出，FBI和档案馆密切合作确定了信件是真是的，属于史密森学会财产。A选项与原文内容一致，为正确答案。B、C选项未提及。原文中提及FBI无法提出刑事指控，因为已经超出时间限制，故D选项错误。
28、53. What is Darwin’s letter about?
A The evolution of Yellowstone National Park.
B His cooperation with an American geologist.
C Some geological evidence supporting his theory.
D His acknowledgement of help from a professional.
答案解析：
53. What is Darwin’s letter about?
（达尔文的信内容是什么？）
A) The evolution of Yellowstone National Park.（黄石国家公园的演变。）
B) His cooperation with an American geologist.（他与美国地质学家的合作。）
C) Some geological evidence supporting his theory.（一些可以支持他理论的地址证据。）
D) His acknowledgement of help from a professional.（他对一位教授的帮助的感谢。）
解析：D。根据顺序原则定位到第四段。该段指出，达尔文写信是为了感谢一位美国地质学家，对方给他寄了研究的复印件。D选项与原文内容一致，为正确答案。A、B、C选项分别是根据原文中Yellowstone National Park，American geologist和geology捏造的干扰项，与原文内容无关，故错误。
29、54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?
A Reserve it for research purposes only.
B Turn it into an object of high interest.
C Keep it a permanent secret.
D Make it available online.
答案解析：
54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?
（根据Kapsalis所说，史密森学会档案馆将如何处理该信件？）
A) Reserve it for research purposes only.（只保存它用于研究目的。）
B) Turn it into an object of high interest.（把它变成令人感兴趣的物品。）
