We all know there exists great void (空白) in the public educational system when it comes to (26)_____ to STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics), One educator named Dori Roberts decided to do something to change this system. Dori taught high school engineering for 11 years. She noticed there was a real void in quality STEM education at all (27)_____ of the public educational system. She said, “I started Engineering for kids (EFK) after noticing a real lack of math, science and engineering programs to (28)_____ my own kids in.”
She decided to start an after school program where children (29)_____ in STEM-based competitions. The club grew quickly and when it reached 180 members and the kids in the program won several state (30)_____ . She decided to devote all her time to cultivating and (31)_____ it. The global business EFK was born.
Dori began operating EFK out of her Virginia home, which she then expanded to (32)_____ recreation centers. Today, the EFK program (33)_____ over 144 branches in 32 states within the United States and in 21 countries. Sales have doubled from $5 million in 2014 to $10 million in 2015, with 25 new branches planned for 2016. The EFK website states, “Our nation is not (34)_____ enough engineers. Our philosophy is to inspire kids at a young age to understand that engineering is a great (35)_____.”
【A】“You suspended ray rice after our video,” a reporter from TMZ challenged National Football League Commissioner Roger Goodell the other day. “Why didn’t you have the curiosity to go to the casino (赌场) yourself?” The implication of the question is that a more curious.
【B】The accusation of incuriosity is one that we hear often, carrying the suggestion that there is something wrong with not wanting to search out the truth. “I have been bothered for a long time about the curious lack of curiosity,” said a Democratic member of the New Jersey legislature back in July, referring to an insufficiently inquiring attitude on the part of an associate to New Jersey Governor Chris Christie who chose not to ask hard questions about the George Washington Bridge traffic scandal “Isn’t the mainstream media the least curious about what happened?” wrote conservative writer Jennifer Rubin earlier this year referring to the attack on Americans in Benghazi, Libya.
【C】 The implication, in each case is that curiosity is a good thing, and a lack of curiosity is a problem are such accusations simply efforts to score political points for one’s party? Or is here something of particular value about curiosity in and of itself.
【D】The journalist Ian Leslie, in his new and enjoyable book Curious: The Desire to Know and Why Your Future Depends on It, insists that the answer to that last question is yes. Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
【E】 We are suffering. He writes from a “serendipity deficit”. The word “serendipity” was coined by Horace Walpole in an 1854 letter from a tale of three princes who were always making discoveries by accident, of things they were not in search of. Leslie worries that the rise of the internet, among other social and technological changes, has reduced our appetite for aimless adventures no longer have we the inclination to let ourselves wander through fields of knowledges, ready to be surprised. Instead, we seek only the information we want.
【F】 Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship. We will see unimaginative governments and dying corporations make disastrous decisions. We will lose a vital part of what has made humanity as a whole so successful as a species.
【G】Leslie presents considerable evidence for the proposition that the society as a whole is growing less curious. In the U.S and Europe, for example, the rise of the Internet has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the reader’s borders .But not everything is to be blamed on technology. The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie. Reading literary fiction, he says, make us more curious.
【H】 Moreover, in order to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.” Although Leslie perhaps paints a bit broadly in contending that most of us are unaware of how much we don’t know he’s surely right to point out that the problem is growing: “Google can give us the powerful illusion that all questions have definite answers.”
【I】 Indeed, Google, for which Leslie expresses admiration, is also his frequent whipping body (替罪羊). He quotes Google co-founder Larry Page to the effect that the perfect search engine will “understand exactly what I mean and give me back exactly what I want” elsewhere in the book, Leslie writes, “google aims to save you from the thirst of curiosity altogether.”
【J】 Somewhat nostalgically(怀旧地), He quotes John Maynard Keynes’s justly famous words of praise to the bookstore: “One should enter it vaguely, almost in a dream, and allow what is there freely to attract and influence the eye to walk the rounds of the bookshops, dipping curiosity dictates, should be an afternoons entertainment.” If only!
【K】Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work. Curiosity, he argues, is the third key factor—and a difficult one to preserve, if not cultivated, it will not survive “Childhood curiosity is a collaboration between child and adult. The surest way to kill it is to leave it alone.”
【L】 School education, he warns, is often conducted in a way that makes children incurious: children of educated and upper-middle-class parents turn out to be far more curious, even at early ages than children of working class and lower class families. That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.
【M】 Although Leslie’s book isn’t about politics, he doesn’t entirely shy away from the problem. Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious. They should ask questions at crucial moments. There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.
【N】 He presents as an example the failure of the George W Bush administration to prepare properly for the after-effects of the invasion of Iraq. According to Leslie, those who ridiculed former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld for his 2002 remark that we have to be wary of the un-known unknowns were mistaken. Rumsfeld’s idea, Leslie writes, “wasn’t absurd—it was smart.” He adds, “The tragedy is that he didn’t follow his own advice.”
【O】All of which brings us back to Goodell and the Christie case and Benghazi. Each critic in those examples is changing, in a different way that someone in authority is intentionally being incurious. I leave it to the reader’s political preference to decide which, if any, charges should remaining determinedly incurious about our own. We should be delighted to pursue knowledge for its own sake—even when what we find out is something we didn’t particularly want to know.
11、36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
[H] Moreover, in order to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.”
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词to be curious和first of all，从而定位到H段段首。题干中first of all是对原文中in the first place的同义转述，题干中的need to realize是对原文中have to be aware of的同义转述， things we don’t know是对原文中a gap in your knowledge的同义转述。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
[D] Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
[M] Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious….There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词political leaders和bad consequences，从而定位到M段段首。题目中的lack of curiosity是对原文中not wanting to know的同义替换，bad consequences是对原文中serious consequences的同义转述。题目是对M段这一内容的同义转述。
40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
[B] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词accusations，politicians和media，从而定位到B段。B段出现了accusations，lack of curiosity，Democratic member和media，题目是对B段整段的概括归纳。
41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
[L] That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词curious, child和knowledge，从而定位到L段。题目是对原文中lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge的同义转述。
42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
[K] Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work.
44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.
[G] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the rise of the Internet和 literary fiction，从而定位到G段。G段出现了定位词原词，且题干中reduced appetite是对原文中decline in interest的同义转述，contribute to是对原文中led to的同义转述。题目是对G段整段的概括归纳。
45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.
[F] Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词innovative，从而定位到F段。F段出现了without curiosity，而且题干中的innovative是对原文中the spirit of innovation的同义转述。题目是对F段这一内容的同义转述。
12、37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
[H] Moreover, in order to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.”
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词to be curious和first of all，从而定位到H段段首。题干中first of all是对原文中in the first place的同义转述，题干中的need to realize是对原文中have to be aware of的同义转述， things we don’t know是对原文中a gap in your knowledge的同义转述。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
[D] Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
[M] Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious….There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词political leaders和bad consequences，从而定位到M段段首。题目中的lack of curiosity是对原文中not wanting to know的同义替换，bad consequences是对原文中serious consequences的同义转述。题目是对M段这一内容的同义转述。
40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
[B] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词accusations，politicians和media，从而定位到B段。B段出现了accusations，lack of curiosity，Democratic member和media，题目是对B段整段的概括归纳。
41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
[L] That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词curious, child和knowledge，从而定位到L段。题目是对原文中lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge的同义转述。
42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
[K] Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work.
44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.
[G] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the rise of the Internet和 literary fiction，从而定位到G段。G段出现了定位词原词，且题干中reduced appetite是对原文中decline in interest的同义转述，contribute to是对原文中led to的同义转述。题目是对G段整段的概括归纳。
45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.
[F] Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词innovative，从而定位到F段。F段出现了without curiosity，而且题干中的innovative是对原文中the spirit of innovation的同义转述。题目是对F段这一内容的同义转述。
13、38. We should feel happy when we pursue knowledge for knowledge’s sake.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
[H] Moreover, in order to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.”
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词to be curious和first of all，从而定位到H段段首。题干中first of all是对原文中in the first place的同义转述，题干中的need to realize是对原文中have to be aware of的同义转述， things we don’t know是对原文中a gap in your knowledge的同义转述。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
[D] Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
[M] Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious….There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词political leaders和bad consequences，从而定位到M段段首。题目中的lack of curiosity是对原文中not wanting to know的同义替换，bad consequences是对原文中serious consequences的同义转述。题目是对M段这一内容的同义转述。
40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
[B] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词accusations，politicians和media，从而定位到B段。B段出现了accusations，lack of curiosity，Democratic member和media，题目是对B段整段的概括归纳。
41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
[L] That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词curious, child和knowledge，从而定位到L段。题目是对原文中lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge的同义转述。
42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
[K] Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work.
44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.
[G] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the rise of the Internet和 literary fiction，从而定位到G段。G段出现了定位词原词，且题干中reduced appetite是对原文中decline in interest的同义转述，contribute to是对原文中led to的同义转述。题目是对G段整段的概括归纳。
45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.
[F] Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词innovative，从而定位到F段。F段出现了without curiosity，而且题干中的innovative是对原文中the spirit of innovation的同义转述。题目是对F段这一内容的同义转述。
14、39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
[H] Moreover, in order to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.”
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词to be curious和first of all，从而定位到H段段首。题干中first of all是对原文中in the first place的同义转述，题干中的need to realize是对原文中have to be aware of的同义转述， things we don’t know是对原文中a gap in your knowledge的同义转述。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
[D] Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
[M] Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious….There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词political leaders和bad consequences，从而定位到M段段首。题目中的lack of curiosity是对原文中not wanting to know的同义替换，bad consequences是对原文中serious consequences的同义转述。题目是对M段这一内容的同义转述。
40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
[B] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词accusations，politicians和media，从而定位到B段。B段出现了accusations，lack of curiosity，Democratic member和media，题目是对B段整段的概括归纳。
41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
[L] That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词curious, child和knowledge，从而定位到L段。题目是对原文中lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge的同义转述。
42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
[K] Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work.
44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.
[G] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the rise of the Internet和 literary fiction，从而定位到G段。G段出现了定位词原词，且题干中reduced appetite是对原文中decline in interest的同义转述，contribute to是对原文中led to的同义转述。题目是对G段整段的概括归纳。
45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.
[F] Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词innovative，从而定位到F段。F段出现了without curiosity，而且题干中的innovative是对原文中the spirit of innovation的同义转述。题目是对F段这一内容的同义转述。
15、40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
[H] Moreover, in order to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.”
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词to be curious和first of all，从而定位到H段段首。题干中first of all是对原文中in the first place的同义转述，题干中的need to realize是对原文中have to be aware of的同义转述， things we don’t know是对原文中a gap in your knowledge的同义转述。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
[D] Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
[M] Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious….There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词political leaders和bad consequences，从而定位到M段段首。题目中的lack of curiosity是对原文中not wanting to know的同义替换，bad consequences是对原文中serious consequences的同义转述。题目是对M段这一内容的同义转述。
40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
[B] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词accusations，politicians和media，从而定位到B段。B段出现了accusations，lack of curiosity，Democratic member和media，题目是对B段整段的概括归纳。
41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
[L] That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词curious, child和knowledge，从而定位到L段。题目是对原文中lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge的同义转述。
42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
[K] Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work.
44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.
[G] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the rise of the Internet和 literary fiction，从而定位到G段。G段出现了定位词原词，且题干中reduced appetite是对原文中decline in interest的同义转述，contribute to是对原文中led to的同义转述。题目是对G段整段的概括归纳。
45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.
[F] Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词innovative，从而定位到F段。F段出现了without curiosity，而且题干中的innovative是对原文中the spirit of innovation的同义转述。题目是对F段这一内容的同义转述。
16、41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
[H] Moreover, in order to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.”
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词to be curious和first of all，从而定位到H段段首。题干中first of all是对原文中in the first place的同义转述，题干中的need to realize是对原文中have to be aware of的同义转述， things we don’t know是对原文中a gap in your knowledge的同义转述。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
[D] Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
[M] Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious….There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词political leaders和bad consequences，从而定位到M段段首。题目中的lack of curiosity是对原文中not wanting to know的同义替换，bad consequences是对原文中serious consequences的同义转述。题目是对M段这一内容的同义转述。
40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
[B] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词accusations，politicians和media，从而定位到B段。B段出现了accusations，lack of curiosity，Democratic member和media，题目是对B段整段的概括归纳。
41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
[L] That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词curious, child和knowledge，从而定位到L段。题目是对原文中lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge的同义转述。
42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
[K] Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work.
44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.
[G] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the rise of the Internet和 literary fiction，从而定位到G段。G段出现了定位词原词，且题干中reduced appetite是对原文中decline in interest的同义转述，contribute to是对原文中led to的同义转述。题目是对G段整段的概括归纳。
45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.
[F] Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词innovative，从而定位到F段。F段出现了without curiosity，而且题干中的innovative是对原文中the spirit of innovation的同义转述。题目是对F段这一内容的同义转述。
17、42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
[H] Moreover, in order to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.”
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词to be curious和first of all，从而定位到H段段首。题干中first of all是对原文中in the first place的同义转述，题干中的need to realize是对原文中have to be aware of的同义转述， things we don’t know是对原文中a gap in your knowledge的同义转述。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
[D] Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
[M] Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious….There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词political leaders和bad consequences，从而定位到M段段首。题目中的lack of curiosity是对原文中not wanting to know的同义替换，bad consequences是对原文中serious consequences的同义转述。题目是对M段这一内容的同义转述。
40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
[B] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词accusations，politicians和media，从而定位到B段。B段出现了accusations，lack of curiosity，Democratic member和media，题目是对B段整段的概括归纳。
41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
[L] That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词curious, child和knowledge，从而定位到L段。题目是对原文中lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge的同义转述。
42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
[K] Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work.
44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.
[G] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the rise of the Internet和 literary fiction，从而定位到G段。G段出现了定位词原词，且题干中reduced appetite是对原文中decline in interest的同义转述，contribute to是对原文中led to的同义转述。题目是对G段整段的概括归纳。
45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.
[F] Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词innovative，从而定位到F段。F段出现了without curiosity，而且题干中的innovative是对原文中the spirit of innovation的同义转述。题目是对F段这一内容的同义转述。
18、43. Visiting a bookshop as curiosity leads us can be a good way to entertain ourselves.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
[H] Moreover, in order to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.”
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词to be curious和first of all，从而定位到H段段首。题干中first of all是对原文中in the first place的同义转述，题干中的need to realize是对原文中have to be aware of的同义转述， things we don’t know是对原文中a gap in your knowledge的同义转述。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
[D] Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
[M] Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious….There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词political leaders和bad consequences，从而定位到M段段首。题目中的lack of curiosity是对原文中not wanting to know的同义替换，bad consequences是对原文中serious consequences的同义转述。题目是对M段这一内容的同义转述。
40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
[B] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词accusations，politicians和media，从而定位到B段。B段出现了accusations，lack of curiosity，Democratic member和media，题目是对B段整段的概括归纳。
41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
[L] That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词curious, child和knowledge，从而定位到L段。题目是对原文中lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge的同义转述。
42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
[K] Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work.
44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.
[G] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the rise of the Internet和 literary fiction，从而定位到G段。G段出现了定位词原词，且题干中reduced appetite是对原文中decline in interest的同义转述，contribute to是对原文中led to的同义转述。题目是对G段整段的概括归纳。
45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.
[F] Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词innovative，从而定位到F段。F段出现了without curiosity，而且题干中的innovative是对原文中the spirit of innovation的同义转述。题目是对F段这一内容的同义转述。
19、44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
[H] Moreover, in order to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.”
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词to be curious和first of all，从而定位到H段段首。题干中first of all是对原文中in the first place的同义转述，题干中的need to realize是对原文中have to be aware of的同义转述， things we don’t know是对原文中a gap in your knowledge的同义转述。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
[D] Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
[M] Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious….There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词political leaders和bad consequences，从而定位到M段段首。题目中的lack of curiosity是对原文中not wanting to know的同义替换，bad consequences是对原文中serious consequences的同义转述。题目是对M段这一内容的同义转述。
40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
[B] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词accusations，politicians和media，从而定位到B段。B段出现了accusations，lack of curiosity，Democratic member和media，题目是对B段整段的概括归纳。
41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
[L] That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词curious, child和knowledge，从而定位到L段。题目是对原文中lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge的同义转述。
42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
[K] Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work.
44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.
[G] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the rise of the Internet和 literary fiction，从而定位到G段。G段出现了定位词原词，且题干中reduced appetite是对原文中decline in interest的同义转述，contribute to是对原文中led to的同义转述。题目是对G段整段的概括归纳。
45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.
[F] Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词innovative，从而定位到F段。F段出现了without curiosity，而且题干中的innovative是对原文中the spirit of innovation的同义转述。题目是对F段这一内容的同义转述。
20、45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.
[H] Moreover, in order to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.”
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词to be curious和first of all，从而定位到H段段首。题干中first of all是对原文中in the first place的同义转述，题干中的need to realize是对原文中have to be aware of的同义转述， things we don’t know是对原文中a gap in your knowledge的同义转述。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.
[D] Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.
39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.
[M] Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious….There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词political leaders和bad consequences，从而定位到M段段首。题目中的lack of curiosity是对原文中not wanting to know的同义替换，bad consequences是对原文中serious consequences的同义转述。题目是对M段这一内容的同义转述。
40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.
[B] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词accusations，politicians和media，从而定位到B段。B段出现了accusations，lack of curiosity，Democratic member和media，题目是对B段整段的概括归纳。
41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.
[L] That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词curious, child和knowledge，从而定位到L段。题目是对原文中lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge的同义转述。
42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.
[K] Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work.
44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.
[G] 整段
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the rise of the Internet和 literary fiction，从而定位到G段。G段出现了定位词原词，且题干中reduced appetite是对原文中decline in interest的同义转述，contribute to是对原文中led to的同义转述。题目是对G段整段的概括归纳。
45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.
[F] Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词innovative，从而定位到F段。F段出现了without curiosity，而且题干中的innovative是对原文中the spirit of innovation的同义转述。题目是对F段这一内容的同义转述。
Part III Reading Comprehension
Aging happens to all of us, and is generally thought of as a natural part of life. It would seem silly to call such a thing a “disease”.
On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age are two different things, and that the former is a key risk factor for conditions such as heart disease, cancer and many more. In that light, aging itself might be seen as something treatable, the way you would treat high blood pressure or a vitamin deficiency.
Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments.
“It unties the hands of the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry so that they can begin treating the disease and not just the side effects,” he said.
“Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you can’t control.” he said. “In academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area where they can try to develop interventions. The medical community also takes aging for granted, and can do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range.”
But if aging were recognized as a disease, he said, “It would attract funding and change the way we do health care. What matters is understanding that aging is curable.”
“It was always known that the body accumulates damage,” he added. “The only way to cure aging is to find ways to repair that damage. I think of it as preventive medicine for age-related conditions.
Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the university of California, San Francisco, said the idea that aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which some researchers suggest is possible. Hayflick is not among them.
“There’re many people who recover from cancer, stroke or heart disease. But they continue to age, because aging is separate from their disease,” Hayflick said. “Even if those causes of death were eliminated, life expectancy would still not go much beyond 92 years.”
21、46. What do people generally believe about aging?
A It should cause no alarm whatsoever.
B They just cannot do anything about it.
C It should be regarded as a kind of disease.
D They can delay it with advances in science.
答案解析：
46. B) They just cannot do anything about it.
解析：根据题干中的generally believe和aging可定位至文章第一段。通过is generally thought of as a natural part of life可以得出衰老被看作是生命的自然组成部分，因而没办法改变，因此应选择B项。A选项在文章中并未提到；C选项与原文中silly to call such a thing a “disease”相悖；D选项与原文中natural part of life相悖。
22、47. How do many scientists view aging now?
A It might be prevented and treated.
B It can be as risky as heart disease.
C Results from a vitamin deficiency.
D It is an irreversible biological process.
答案解析：
47. A) It might be prevented and treated.
解析：根据题干中的scientists以及选项中的heart disease, vitamin deficiency可定位至文章第二段。通过aging itself might be seen as something treatable可以得出衰老是可以治疗了，因此应选择A项。B项是对文意的曲解：原文说衰老是心脏病等状况的风险因素，并非是衰老和心脏病同样危险；C选项是无中生有：原文只是说衰老就像维生素缺乏一样可以治疗，并没有提及衰老是由于维生素缺乏；D项与原文中的treatable相悖。
23、48. What does Alex Zhavoronkov think of describing aging as a disease?
A It will prompt people to take aging more seriously.
B It will greatly help reduce the side effects of aging.
C It will free pharmacists from the conventional beliefs about aging.
D It will motivate doctors and pharmacists to find ways to treat aging.
答案解析：
48. D) It will motivate doctors and pharmacists to find ways to treat aging.
解析：根据题干的Alex Zhavoronkov和describing aging as a disease可定位至原文第三段最后一句。通过describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments可以得出把衰老看作疾病可以刺激治疗方案的开发，因此应选择D项。A、B、C项在文章中并未提到。
24、49. What do we learn about the medical community?
A They differ from the academic circles in their view on aging.
B They now have a strong interest in research on aging.
C They can contribute to people’s health only to a limited extent.
D They have ways to intervene in people’s aging process.
答案解析：
49. C) They can contribute to people's health only to a limited extent.
解析：根据题干中的medical community可定位至文章第五段最后一句。通过keep people within a certain health range可以得出医学界只能在一定程度上保持人们的健康，因此应选择C项。A项与原文中的also take aging for granted相悖；B、D项在文章中并未提及。
25、50. What does Professor Leonard Hayflick believe?
A The human lifespan cannot be prolonged.
B Aging is hardly separable from disease.
C Few people live up to the age of 92.
D Heart disease is the major cause of aging.
答案解析：
50. A) The human lifespan cannot be prolonged.
解析：根据题干中的Professor Leonard Hayflick可定位至文章倒数第二段。该句指出，衰老可以治疗的观点意味着人类寿命可以延长，一些研究人员认为这是可能的，而Hayflick不在其列。可见Hayflick认为人的寿命不可以延长，因此应选择A项。B选项与原文最后一段中aging is separate from their disease相悖；C、D项在文章中未提及。
Part III Reading Comprehension
Female applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences were nearly half as likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation, compared with their male counterparts. Christopher Intagliata reports.
As in many other fields, gender bias is widespread in the sciences. Men score higher in starting salaries, have more mentoring (指导), and have better odds of being hired. Studies show they’re also perceived as more competent than women in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields. And new research reveals that men are more likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation, too.
“Say, you know, this is the best student I’ve ever had,” says Kuheli Dutt, a social scientist and delivery officer at Columbia University’s Lamont campus. “Compare those excellent letters with a merely good letter: ‘The candidate was productive, or intelligent, or a solid scientist or something that’s clearly solid praise,’ but nothing that singles out the candidate as exceptional or one if a kind.”
Dutt and her colleagues studied more than 1,200 letters of recommendation for postdoctoral positions in geoscience. They were all edited for gender and other identifying information, so Dutt and her team could assign them a score without knowing the gender of the student. They found that female applicants were only half as likely to get outstanding letters, compared with their male counterparts. That includes letters of recommendation from all over the world, and written by, yes, men and women. The findings are in the journal Nature Geoscience.
Dutt says they were not able to evaluate the actual scientific qualifications of the applicants using the data in the files. But she says the results still suggests women in geoscience are at a potential disadvantage from the very beginning of their career starting with those less than outstanding letters of recommendation.
“We’re not trying to assign blames or criticize anyone or call anyone consciously sexist. Rather, the point is to use the result of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias, be it a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline level, which may led to some recommendation for the letter writers themselves.”
26、51. What do we learn about applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences?
A There are many more men applying than women.
B Chances for women to get the positions are scarce.
C More males than females are likely to get outstanding letters of recommendation.
D Males applicants have more interest in these positions than their female counterparts.
答案解析：
51. C) More males than females are likely to get outstanding letters of recommendation.
解析：根据题干中的postdoctoral positions in geosciences可定位至文章首段。该段指出，在地球科学的博士后申请者中，女性申请者拿到优秀推荐信的几率只有男性申请者的一半。也就是男性比女性更可能得到优秀的推荐信，因此应选择C项。A、B、D项在文章中均未提到。
27、52. What do studies about men and women in scientific research show?
A Women engaged in postdoctoral work are quickly catching up.
B Fewer women are applying for postdoctoral positions due to gender bias.
C Men are believed to be better able to excel in STEM disciplines.
D Women who are keenly interested in STEM fields are often exceptional.
答案解析：
52. C) Men are believed to be better able to excel in STEM disciplines.
解析：根据题干中的studies和选项中的STEM可定位至原文第二段。通过“they’re also perceived as more competent than women in STEM fields”可以看出在STEM学科，男性被认为比女性更有能力。C项的better able to excel是对原文中more competent的同义转述，因此正确答案为C项。A、B、D项在文章中并未提到。
28、53. What do the studies find out about the recommendation letters for women applicants?
A They are hardly ever supported by concrete examples.
B They contain nothing that distinguishes the applicants.
C They provide objective information without exaggeration.
D They are often filled with praise for exceptional applications.
答案解析：
53. B) They contain nothing that distinguishes the applicants.
解析：根据原文第三段最后一句中nothing that singles out the candidate as exceptional or one if a kind可以得出，女性申请者拿到的只能算好的推荐信没有可以证明申请者很出色的内容，即使有也只是一点，因此应选择B项。A、C、D项在文章中并未提到。
29、54. What did Dutt and her colleagues do with the more than 1,200 letters of recommendation?
A Raise recommendation writers’ awareness of gender bias in their letters.
B Open up fresh avenues for women post-doctors to join in research work.
C Alert women researchers to all types of gender bias in the STEM disciplines.
D Start a public discussion on how to raise women’s status in academic circles.
答案解析：
55. A) Raise recommendation writers’ awareness of .gender bias in their letters.
解析：根据题干中的aim to do可定位至原文最后一段。通过open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias和which may led to some recommendation for the letter writers themselves可以看出研究的目的在于使推荐信的书写者意识到隐含的性别歧视，因此应选择A项。B、C、D项在文章中未提到。
