Part IV Translation
1、华山位于华阴市，距西安120公里。华山是秦岭的一部分，秦岭不仅分隔陕南与陕北，也分隔华南与华北。与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同，华山过去很少有人光临，因为上山的道路极其危险。然而，希望长寿的人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多药草，特别是一些稀有的药草。自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加。
正确答案：
Mount Hua is located in Huayin City, 120 kilometers away from Xi'an. Mount Hua is a part of the Qinling Mountains, which separate not only Southern Shaanxi and Northern Shaanxi, but also South China and North China. Unlike Mount Tai, where people used to worship, Mount Hua was rarely visited in the past because the way to the mountain was extremely dangerous. However, people who wish to live longer often go up to the mountain because there are many herbs on the mountain, especially some rare herbs. The number of visitors has significantly increased since the installation of the cable cars in 1990s.
答案解析：
第一句是由两个分句构成，把第一个分句处理为主干成分。“华山”是“Mount Hua”，“位于”可以使用“be located/situated in/at+地点”。“距西安120公里”可以处理为状语“120 kilometers away from Xi’an”。整句话译为：Mount Hua is located in Huayin City, 120 kilometers away from Xi'an.。
第二句是由两个分句构成，第一个分句是主系表结构，其中“秦岭”是“Qinling Mountains”，因而第“Mount Hua is a part of the Qinling Mountains”。第二个分句是主谓宾结构，主语是“秦岭”，和第一个分句中的“秦岭”重合，因而可以将第二个分句处理为第一个简单句的定语从句。“不仅……也……”这一并列结构可以使用“not only…but also…”，“分隔”可以使用“separate”，“陕南”、“陕北”、“华南”和“华北”分别是“Southern Shaanxi”、 “Northern Shaanxi”、 “South China”、 “North China”，因而整句话译为：Mount Hua is a part of the Qinling Mountains, which separate not only Southern Shanxi and Northern Shanxi, but also South China and North China.
第三句是由三个分句构成，第一个分句是比较状语，第二个分句是句子主句，第三个分句是原因状语从句。第一个分句中，“与……不同”可以使用“different from”或者“unlike”；“从前人们常去朝拜的”中包含动词，因而是“泰山”的定语从句，“朝拜”是“worship”。第二个分句是主谓结构，是被动句，“光临”即到访，可以使用“visit”。整个句子译为：Unlike Mount Tai, where people used to worship, Mount Hua was rarely visited in the past because the way to the mountain was extremely dangerous.
第四句由三个分句构成，第一个分句是主句，第二个分句是原因状语从句，第三个分句是状语。第一个分句中“希望长寿”包含动词，应该翻译为“人”的定语从句“people who wish to live longer”。第二个分句是无主句，可以翻译为“there be”句型，“药草”可以使用“herbs”。第三个分句中“特别是”可以翻译为“especially”，“稀有的”可以使用“rare”。整句话译为：However, people who wish to live longer often go up the mountain because there are many herbs on the mountain, especially some rare herbs.
最后一句中前一个分句是时间状语，第二个分句是主谓结构。“自……以来”使用“since”，注意与完成时态配合使用，“缆车”是“cable cars”。整句话译为：The number of visitors has significantly increased since the installation of the cable cars in 1990s.
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