Part IV Translation
1、随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。新娘在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。然而，在中国传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。因此务必记住，白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人。同样，礼金也不能装在白色的信封里，而要装在红色的信封里。
正确答案：
全文普通版：With the development of reform and opening-up, quite a number of young people in China now like western weddings. A bride usually wears white wedding dress at wedding ceremony, for white is regarded as a symbol of purity. However, in traditional Chinese culture, white is often seen in funerals. So please remember not to give flowers to the one who is in recovery, especially not to seniors or critical patients. Also, the cash gift should be put into red envelopes instead of white ones.
全文高配版：With the introduction of reform and opening-up, a great many of youngsters nowadays are fond of western-style weddings, where a bride usually wears white wedding dress, for white is regarded as a symbol of purity. However, in traditional Chinese culture, white is a color that is often used in funerals. That’s why it’s necessary to keep in mind that white flowers must not be gifts for patients who is in recovery, especially not for the elders or critically ill patients. Similarly, the cash gift shouldn’t be packed in white envelopes, but in red ones instead.
答案解析：
第一句：随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。
普通版：主谓宾结构。主语“年轻人”，谓语“喜欢”，宾语“婚礼”。而“随着中国的改革开放”是时间状语，抓取句子主干时应排除在外。“改革开放”可以用“reform and opening-up”来表示，这句话可译为：With the development of reform and opening-up, quite a number of young people in China now like western weddings.
高配版：“随着中国的改革开放”可理解为“随着改革开放的引进”，那么此处可译为“with the introduction of reform and opening-up”，“喜欢”可以用“be fond of”或“be keen on”，那么整句话就译为：With the introduction of reform and opening-up, a great many of youngsters nowadays are fond of western-style weddings.
第二句：新娘在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。
普通版：主谓宾结构，主语“新娘”是“bride”，谓语动词“穿”是“wear”，宾语“婚纱”是“wedding dress”，句子主干就找好了；那么后半句则是对主句的解释说明，“被认为”是“be regarded as”，“象征”是“symbol”，“纯洁”是“purity”，介词for可接原因状语从句，因此这句话可译为：A bride usually wears white wedding dress at wedding ceremony, for white is regarded as a symbol of purity.
高配版：前两句话都出现了“婚礼”一词，那么就可以用定语从句把两句话合并。两句话共有的名词是“婚礼”，那么婚礼就是定语从句的先行词。第二句话中“婚礼”并没有作为主语或宾语，而是作为地点状语，那么就应该使用关系副词where进行连接，因此两句话可以合译为：With the introduction of reform and opening-up, a great many of youngsters nowadays are fond of western-style weddings, where a bride usually wears white wedding dress, for white is regarded as a symbol of purity.
第三句：然而，在中国传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。
普通版：并不是所有带有“是”的句子一定要译为主系表结构，此句用“白色”作为主语，依旧可以用主谓宾的结构表达相同的意思。此时谓语动词可用see，用被动结构加地点状语的结构翻译，那么整句话可译为：However, in traditional Chinese culture, white is often seen in funerals.
高配版：如果用主系表的结构分析，句子主语是“白色”，谓语是“是”，宾语是“颜色”，时间状语是“在中国传统文化中”。如果用白色作为句子主语，那么整句话应该使用定语从句，并将 “在葬礼上被使用的”的作为从句部分来修饰先行词“白色”，因此整句话可以译为：However, in traditional Chinese culture, white is a color that is often used in funerals.
第四句：因此务必记住，白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人。
普通版：“务必记住”带有祈使句含义，因此用祈使句进行翻译。“记得做某事”使用“remember to do”的结构，“用作祝人康复的礼物”可以转化为定语从句，表达“送礼物给正处于康复中的人”的意思，那么句子译为：So please remember not to give flowers to the one who is in recovery, especially not to seniors or critical patients.
高配版：“务必记住”可用“it’s necessary to keep in mind that”的结构来表达，因此整句话可译为：That’s why it’s necessary to keep in mind that white flowers must not be gifts for patients who is in recovery, especially not for the elders or critically ill patients.
第五句：同样，礼金也不能装在白色的信封里，而要装在红色的信封里。
普通版：主谓宾的被动结构，主语“礼金”是“cash”，谓语“装在”是“put”，宾语“信封”是“envelope”，英文中“不是……而是”可以用“instead of”的短语表达，翻译时应将中文的两个选择进行顺序调换并使用肯定表达，那么整句话可译为：Also, the cash gift should be put into red envelopes instead of white ones.
高配版：如果使用否定表达则应在后半句加入连接词，连词but与前边的连接词形成对比，表示“不……而”的意思，同时“装”也可以用“pack”来表达，因此整句话可译为：Similarly, the cash gift shouldn’t be packed in white envelopes, but in red ones instead.
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