Part IV Translation
1、 在中国文化中，黄颜色是一种很重要的颜色，因为它具有独特的象征意义。在封建（feudal）社会中，它象征着统治者的权力和权威。那时，黄色是专为皇帝使用的颜色，皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色，皇袍总是黄色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的。在中国，黄色也是收获的象征。秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金黄。人们兴高采烈，庆祝丰收。
正确答案：
全文普通版：
Yellow is a very important color in Chinese culture for it has unique symbolic meanings. In feudal society, it symbolizes rulers’ power and authority. At that time, yellow could only be used by the emperor , royal palaces were painted yellow and imperial robes were always yellow while ordinary people were forbidden to wear yellow clothes. In China, yellow is also the symbol of harvest. All the fields turn yellow in autumn when all crops are ripe. Chinese people are excited to celebrate harvest.
全文高配版：
Yellow, a very important color in Chinese culture, is endowed with unique symbolic significance. In feudal society, it stands for rulers’ power and authority. At that time, yellow was exclusively designed for emperor, with royal palaces painted yellow and imperial robes always being yellow, while ordinary people were never permitted to wear yellow clothes. In China, yellow also stands for harvest. When crops are ripening in autumn, people celebrate the harvest cheerfully, with the fields taking on a vast expanse of golden appearance.
答案解析：
第一句：在中国文化中，黄颜色是一种很重要的颜色，因为它具有独特的象征意义。
普通版：主谓宾结构。主语“黄色”，谓语“是”，宾语“颜色”，后半句是对前半句的原因说明，用介词for进行连接。 “独特的象征意义”可以用“unique symbolic meaning”来表示，那么这句话可译为：Yellow is a very important color in Chinese culture for it has unique symbolic meanings.
高配版：后两个半句的句子主语都是黄色，可以用插入语的方法翻译，“一种很重要的颜色”即插入语部分，最后半句中的“具有”可以用“be endowed with”表达“被赋予，天生具有”的意思，同时“意义”也可用“significance”进行翻译，那么整句话就译为：Yellow, a very important color in Chinese culture, is endowed with unique symbolic significance.
第二句：在封建（feudal）社会中，它象征着统治者的权力和权威。
普通版：主谓宾结构。主语“它”，谓语动词“象征”，宾语“权利和权威”。“象征”是“symbolize”，“统治者”是“ruler”，“权利”是“power”，“权威”是“authority”，因此这句话可译为：In feudal society, it symbolizes rulers’ power and authority.
高配版：“象征”除了用“symbol”外，还可用“stand for”，那么句子译为：In feudal society, it stands for rulers’ power and authority.
第三句：那时，黄色是专为皇帝使用的颜色，皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色，皇袍总是黄色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的。
普通版：整句话除“那时”外，共分为四个半句，由于四个半句全部描述的是过去的事，所以全部使用过去时态。第一个半句可用主谓宾的被动结构翻译，即“黄色是专被皇帝使用的”，“皇帝”是“emperor”，因此译为“yellow could only be used by the emperor”；第二个半句同样可用主谓宾的被动结构翻译，即“皇家宫殿被漆成黄色”， “皇家宫殿”是“royal palace”，“油漆”是“paint”，因此译为“royal palaces were painted yellow” ；第三个半句是主系表结构，即“皇袍是黄色的”，“皇袍”是“imperial robe”，因此译为“imperial robes were always yellow”；最后一个半句同样使用主谓宾的被动结构翻译，即“老百姓被禁止穿黄色衣服”，“老百姓”是“ordinary people”，“禁止”是“forbid”，“穿”是“wear”，因此译为“ordinary people were forbidden to wear yellow clothes”。四个半句合写时，需要加适当连词连接句子，此处使用and将第三个半句与前两个半句连接起来，最后一个半句前用while将“而”翻译出来，那么整句话可译为：At that time, yellow could only be used by the emperor, royal palaces were painted yellow and imperial robes were always yellow while ordinary people were forbidden to wear yellow clothes.
高配版：因为四个半句的主语都不一样，那么可用独立主格结构进行翻译，因为独立主格是“格”，不是句子，那就没有完整的主谓宾结构。独立主格的形式是“with +名词+分词”，“专为……使用”可理解为“专为……设计的”，使用“be exclusively designed for”的结构，“禁止”是“permit”，因此整句话可以译为：At that time, yellow was exclusively designed for the emperor, with royal palaces painted yellow and imperial robes always being yellow, while ordinary people were never permitted to wear yellow clothes.
第四句：在中国，黄色也是收获的象征。
普通版：主系表结构。主语是“黄色”，谓语是“是”，宾语是“象征”，那么句子译为：In China, yellow is also the symbol of harvest.
高配版：“是”可用“stand for”来表达，因此整句话可译为：In China, yellow also stands for harvest.
第五句：秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金黄。
普通版：主系表结构。主语“田野”是“field”，谓语“变得”是“turn”，宾语“金黄”是“yellow”，“庄稼”是“crop”，“成熟的”是“ripe”，那么整句话可译为：All the fields turn yellow in autumn when all crops are ripe.
第六句：人们兴高采烈，庆祝丰收。
普通版：主系表结构。“庆祝丰收”用“不定式to do”的结构修饰“兴高采烈”，“庆祝丰收”是“celebrate harvest”，那么整句话可译为：Chinese people are excited to celebrate harvest.
高配版：后两句可以合成一句话翻译，即用“人们”当作主句主语，“田野变得金黄”作为伴随成分，伴随成分可表达为“take on a vast expanse of golden appearance”，意为“呈现出无边无际的金黄色景象”，其中“take on”是“呈现”，“a vast expanse of”是“无边无际的”，因此整句话译为：When crops are ripening in autumn, people celebrate the harvest cheerfully, with the fields taking on a vast expanse of golden appearance.
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