Physical activity does the body good, and there’s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, (26)_____ to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a (27)_____ of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic (28)_____, investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, (29)_____ in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.
The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to (30)_____ on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. (31)_____ in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be (32)_____ exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood (33)_____ to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are (34)_____ to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve (35)_____ and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they’re running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.
【A】When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility—a moment few parents or children approach without fear—what you would like is to have everything made clear.
【B】Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype (固定看法)? Can doing one’s homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.
【C】I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.
【D】The most recent of these studies, published in The journal of Applied Gerontology, surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living, nursing homes and smaller residential care homes (known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes). Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life, emotional well-being and social interaction, as well as about the quality of the facilities.
【E】“We thought we would see differences based on the housing types,” said the lead author of the study, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?
【F】In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.
【G】But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type, they found, that creates differences in residents’ responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, combined with their own personal characteristics—how healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status,” Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
【H】An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no less depressed in assisted living (even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who bad input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences. “You can’t just say, ‘Let’s put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home—she will be much better off,” Dr. Robison said. What matters, she added, “is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there.”
【I】Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility’s type, size or age; whether a chain owned it; how attractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents’ physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened one they were there.
【J】As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk, announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones. (More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)
【K】Before we collectively tear our hair out—how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing?—here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane, a geriatrician（老年病学专家）at the University of North Carolina：“In a way, that could be liberating for families.”
【L】Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don’t have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy,” Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
【M】We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas, too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place—it is elegant, inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived, though the visit had been planned; nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room, they sat alone at a table.
【N】The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
11、36. Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
E) A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?
解析：通过guilty，nursing home定位到文章E段，A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?以一个反义疑问句指出，很多家庭都在尽力去避免把老人送进养老院，并且当他们不能避免这种情况出现时，就会感到惭愧，other than而不是，对应于原文中的struggle to avoid，题目是对原文E段最后一句的同义转述。
37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
L) Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties... And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
解析：通过investigate和involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important定位到文章L段，文章中提出子女们会去实地考察配套的设施，并且跟行政人员、当地居民以及其他家庭成员交流，并且尽可能实现自己的职责。而且将未来的居住者（即他们的父母）考虑在内是非常重要的过程。 题目是对段落的概括总结。
38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
B) Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? It is genuinely hard to know.
解析：典型的同义替换题。通过assisted living 定位至文章B段，文章中提出辅助生活真的要比疗养院更有利吗，又或者该行业仅仅是雇佣了更好的室内设计师吗？这个真的很难说。really difficult to tell是对原文genuinely hard to know的同义替换，better than a nursing home是对a great improvement over a nursing home的同义替换，题目是对原文的同义转述。
39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
H) It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place
in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences.
解析：通过interaction定位至文章H段，原文中指出这是人与地点的相处，而不是地点本身能决定较好或较坏的体验。题干中How a resident feels是对原文中better or worse experiences的同义替换。an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in是对原文中an interaction between the person and the place的同义替换。题目是对原文的概括和同义转述。
40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
N) The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
J) that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are.
解析：典型的同义替换题。of little help是has little relationship的同义替换，satisfactory place是how satisfied its residents or their family members are的同义替换，题目是对原文J段这句话的同义转述。
42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
F) In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. ... They scored higher on social interaction.
解析：由higher scores on social interaction定位至文章F段，at first 是对文章in the initial的同义转述，在最初的结果中，辅助生活的居民确实呈现出了最积极的结果，...它们在社会互动上得到的分数更高。题目是对文章的概括和同义转述。
43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
C) I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed.
解析：由what kind of care facility old people live in 定位至文章C段，less important对应原文中的matter less，we think对应原文中的we have assumed，作者提出老人居住环境的情况并不像我们想象的那么重要，题目是对原文的同义转换。
44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
I) Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before.
解析：典型的同义转换题目。similar to an earlier multi-state study与have surfaced before同义转换。根据findings定位到文章I段，同义转述。
45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
G) Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
解析：根据participated in the decision和move in and how long they had stayed there定位至文章G段，居民是否参与决定搬家并且他们要居住多久也很重要。Has much to do 对应文章中的significant。题目是对文章的同义转述。
12、37. Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
E) A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?
解析：通过guilty，nursing home定位到文章E段，A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?以一个反义疑问句指出，很多家庭都在尽力去避免把老人送进养老院，并且当他们不能避免这种情况出现时，就会感到惭愧，other than而不是，对应于原文中的struggle to avoid，题目是对原文E段最后一句的同义转述。
37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
L) Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties... And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
解析：通过investigate和involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important定位到文章L段，文章中提出子女们会去实地考察配套的设施，并且跟行政人员、当地居民以及其他家庭成员交流，并且尽可能实现自己的职责。而且将未来的居住者（即他们的父母）考虑在内是非常重要的过程。 题目是对段落的概括总结。
38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
B) Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? It is genuinely hard to know.
解析：典型的同义替换题。通过assisted living 定位至文章B段，文章中提出辅助生活真的要比疗养院更有利吗，又或者该行业仅仅是雇佣了更好的室内设计师吗？这个真的很难说。really difficult to tell是对原文genuinely hard to know的同义替换，better than a nursing home是对a great improvement over a nursing home的同义替换，题目是对原文的同义转述。
39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
H) It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place
in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences.
解析：通过interaction定位至文章H段，原文中指出这是人与地点的相处，而不是地点本身能决定较好或较坏的体验。题干中How a resident feels是对原文中better or worse experiences的同义替换。an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in是对原文中an interaction between the person and the place的同义替换。题目是对原文的概括和同义转述。
40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
N) The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
J) that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are.
解析：典型的同义替换题。of little help是has little relationship的同义替换，satisfactory place是how satisfied its residents or their family members are的同义替换，题目是对原文J段这句话的同义转述。
42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
F) In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. ... They scored higher on social interaction.
解析：由higher scores on social interaction定位至文章F段，at first 是对文章in the initial的同义转述，在最初的结果中，辅助生活的居民确实呈现出了最积极的结果，...它们在社会互动上得到的分数更高。题目是对文章的概括和同义转述。
43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
C) I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed.
解析：由what kind of care facility old people live in 定位至文章C段，less important对应原文中的matter less，we think对应原文中的we have assumed，作者提出老人居住环境的情况并不像我们想象的那么重要，题目是对原文的同义转换。
44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
I) Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before.
解析：典型的同义转换题目。similar to an earlier multi-state study与have surfaced before同义转换。根据findings定位到文章I段，同义转述。
45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
G) Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
解析：根据participated in the decision和move in and how long they had stayed there定位至文章G段，居民是否参与决定搬家并且他们要居住多久也很重要。Has much to do 对应文章中的significant。题目是对文章的同义转述。
13、38. It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
E) A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?
解析：通过guilty，nursing home定位到文章E段，A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?以一个反义疑问句指出，很多家庭都在尽力去避免把老人送进养老院，并且当他们不能避免这种情况出现时，就会感到惭愧，other than而不是，对应于原文中的struggle to avoid，题目是对原文E段最后一句的同义转述。
37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
L) Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties... And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
解析：通过investigate和involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important定位到文章L段，文章中提出子女们会去实地考察配套的设施，并且跟行政人员、当地居民以及其他家庭成员交流，并且尽可能实现自己的职责。而且将未来的居住者（即他们的父母）考虑在内是非常重要的过程。 题目是对段落的概括总结。
38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
B) Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? It is genuinely hard to know.
解析：典型的同义替换题。通过assisted living 定位至文章B段，文章中提出辅助生活真的要比疗养院更有利吗，又或者该行业仅仅是雇佣了更好的室内设计师吗？这个真的很难说。really difficult to tell是对原文genuinely hard to know的同义替换，better than a nursing home是对a great improvement over a nursing home的同义替换，题目是对原文的同义转述。
39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
H) It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place
in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences.
解析：通过interaction定位至文章H段，原文中指出这是人与地点的相处，而不是地点本身能决定较好或较坏的体验。题干中How a resident feels是对原文中better or worse experiences的同义替换。an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in是对原文中an interaction between the person and the place的同义替换。题目是对原文的概括和同义转述。
40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
N) The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
J) that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are.
解析：典型的同义替换题。of little help是has little relationship的同义替换，satisfactory place是how satisfied its residents or their family members are的同义替换，题目是对原文J段这句话的同义转述。
42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
F) In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. ... They scored higher on social interaction.
解析：由higher scores on social interaction定位至文章F段，at first 是对文章in the initial的同义转述，在最初的结果中，辅助生活的居民确实呈现出了最积极的结果，...它们在社会互动上得到的分数更高。题目是对文章的概括和同义转述。
43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
C) I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed.
解析：由what kind of care facility old people live in 定位至文章C段，less important对应原文中的matter less，we think对应原文中的we have assumed，作者提出老人居住环境的情况并不像我们想象的那么重要，题目是对原文的同义转换。
44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
I) Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before.
解析：典型的同义转换题目。similar to an earlier multi-state study与have surfaced before同义转换。根据findings定位到文章I段，同义转述。
45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
G) Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
解析：根据participated in the decision和move in and how long they had stayed there定位至文章G段，居民是否参与决定搬家并且他们要居住多久也很重要。Has much to do 对应文章中的significant。题目是对文章的同义转述。
14、39. How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
E) A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?
解析：通过guilty，nursing home定位到文章E段，A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?以一个反义疑问句指出，很多家庭都在尽力去避免把老人送进养老院，并且当他们不能避免这种情况出现时，就会感到惭愧，other than而不是，对应于原文中的struggle to avoid，题目是对原文E段最后一句的同义转述。
37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
L) Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties... And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
解析：通过investigate和involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important定位到文章L段，文章中提出子女们会去实地考察配套的设施，并且跟行政人员、当地居民以及其他家庭成员交流，并且尽可能实现自己的职责。而且将未来的居住者（即他们的父母）考虑在内是非常重要的过程。 题目是对段落的概括总结。
38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
B) Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? It is genuinely hard to know.
解析：典型的同义替换题。通过assisted living 定位至文章B段，文章中提出辅助生活真的要比疗养院更有利吗，又或者该行业仅仅是雇佣了更好的室内设计师吗？这个真的很难说。really difficult to tell是对原文genuinely hard to know的同义替换，better than a nursing home是对a great improvement over a nursing home的同义替换，题目是对原文的同义转述。
39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
H) It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place
in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences.
解析：通过interaction定位至文章H段，原文中指出这是人与地点的相处，而不是地点本身能决定较好或较坏的体验。题干中How a resident feels是对原文中better or worse experiences的同义替换。an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in是对原文中an interaction between the person and the place的同义替换。题目是对原文的概括和同义转述。
40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
N) The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
J) that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are.
解析：典型的同义替换题。of little help是has little relationship的同义替换，satisfactory place是how satisfied its residents or their family members are的同义替换，题目是对原文J段这句话的同义转述。
42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
F) In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. ... They scored higher on social interaction.
解析：由higher scores on social interaction定位至文章F段，at first 是对文章in the initial的同义转述，在最初的结果中，辅助生活的居民确实呈现出了最积极的结果，...它们在社会互动上得到的分数更高。题目是对文章的概括和同义转述。
43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
C) I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed.
解析：由what kind of care facility old people live in 定位至文章C段，less important对应原文中的matter less，we think对应原文中的we have assumed，作者提出老人居住环境的情况并不像我们想象的那么重要，题目是对原文的同义转换。
44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
I) Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before.
解析：典型的同义转换题目。similar to an earlier multi-state study与have surfaced before同义转换。根据findings定位到文章I段，同义转述。
45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
G) Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
解析：根据participated in the decision和move in and how long they had stayed there定位至文章G段，居民是否参与决定搬家并且他们要居住多久也很重要。Has much to do 对应文章中的significant。题目是对文章的同义转述。
15、40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
E) A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?
解析：通过guilty，nursing home定位到文章E段，A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?以一个反义疑问句指出，很多家庭都在尽力去避免把老人送进养老院，并且当他们不能避免这种情况出现时，就会感到惭愧，other than而不是，对应于原文中的struggle to avoid，题目是对原文E段最后一句的同义转述。
37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
L) Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties... And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
解析：通过investigate和involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important定位到文章L段，文章中提出子女们会去实地考察配套的设施，并且跟行政人员、当地居民以及其他家庭成员交流，并且尽可能实现自己的职责。而且将未来的居住者（即他们的父母）考虑在内是非常重要的过程。 题目是对段落的概括总结。
38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
B) Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? It is genuinely hard to know.
解析：典型的同义替换题。通过assisted living 定位至文章B段，文章中提出辅助生活真的要比疗养院更有利吗，又或者该行业仅仅是雇佣了更好的室内设计师吗？这个真的很难说。really difficult to tell是对原文genuinely hard to know的同义替换，better than a nursing home是对a great improvement over a nursing home的同义替换，题目是对原文的同义转述。
39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
H) It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place
in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences.
解析：通过interaction定位至文章H段，原文中指出这是人与地点的相处，而不是地点本身能决定较好或较坏的体验。题干中How a resident feels是对原文中better or worse experiences的同义替换。an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in是对原文中an interaction between the person and the place的同义替换。题目是对原文的概括和同义转述。
40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
N) The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
J) that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are.
解析：典型的同义替换题。of little help是has little relationship的同义替换，satisfactory place是how satisfied its residents or their family members are的同义替换，题目是对原文J段这句话的同义转述。
42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
F) In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. ... They scored higher on social interaction.
解析：由higher scores on social interaction定位至文章F段，at first 是对文章in the initial的同义转述，在最初的结果中，辅助生活的居民确实呈现出了最积极的结果，...它们在社会互动上得到的分数更高。题目是对文章的概括和同义转述。
43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
C) I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed.
解析：由what kind of care facility old people live in 定位至文章C段，less important对应原文中的matter less，we think对应原文中的we have assumed，作者提出老人居住环境的情况并不像我们想象的那么重要，题目是对原文的同义转换。
44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
I) Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before.
解析：典型的同义转换题目。similar to an earlier multi-state study与have surfaced before同义转换。根据findings定位到文章I段，同义转述。
45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
G) Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
解析：根据participated in the decision和move in and how long they had stayed there定位至文章G段，居民是否参与决定搬家并且他们要居住多久也很重要。Has much to do 对应文章中的significant。题目是对文章的同义转述。
16、41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
E) A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?
解析：通过guilty，nursing home定位到文章E段，A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?以一个反义疑问句指出，很多家庭都在尽力去避免把老人送进养老院，并且当他们不能避免这种情况出现时，就会感到惭愧，other than而不是，对应于原文中的struggle to avoid，题目是对原文E段最后一句的同义转述。
37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
L) Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties... And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
解析：通过investigate和involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important定位到文章L段，文章中提出子女们会去实地考察配套的设施，并且跟行政人员、当地居民以及其他家庭成员交流，并且尽可能实现自己的职责。而且将未来的居住者（即他们的父母）考虑在内是非常重要的过程。 题目是对段落的概括总结。
38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
B) Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? It is genuinely hard to know.
解析：典型的同义替换题。通过assisted living 定位至文章B段，文章中提出辅助生活真的要比疗养院更有利吗，又或者该行业仅仅是雇佣了更好的室内设计师吗？这个真的很难说。really difficult to tell是对原文genuinely hard to know的同义替换，better than a nursing home是对a great improvement over a nursing home的同义替换，题目是对原文的同义转述。
39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
H) It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place
in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences.
解析：通过interaction定位至文章H段，原文中指出这是人与地点的相处，而不是地点本身能决定较好或较坏的体验。题干中How a resident feels是对原文中better or worse experiences的同义替换。an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in是对原文中an interaction between the person and the place的同义替换。题目是对原文的概括和同义转述。
40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
N) The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
J) that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are.
解析：典型的同义替换题。of little help是has little relationship的同义替换，satisfactory place是how satisfied its residents or their family members are的同义替换，题目是对原文J段这句话的同义转述。
42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
F) In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. ... They scored higher on social interaction.
解析：由higher scores on social interaction定位至文章F段，at first 是对文章in the initial的同义转述，在最初的结果中，辅助生活的居民确实呈现出了最积极的结果，...它们在社会互动上得到的分数更高。题目是对文章的概括和同义转述。
43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
C) I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed.
解析：由what kind of care facility old people live in 定位至文章C段，less important对应原文中的matter less，we think对应原文中的we have assumed，作者提出老人居住环境的情况并不像我们想象的那么重要，题目是对原文的同义转换。
44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
I) Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before.
解析：典型的同义转换题目。similar to an earlier multi-state study与have surfaced before同义转换。根据findings定位到文章I段，同义转述。
45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
G) Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
解析：根据participated in the decision和move in and how long they had stayed there定位至文章G段，居民是否参与决定搬家并且他们要居住多久也很重要。Has much to do 对应文章中的significant。题目是对文章的同义转述。
17、42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
E) A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?
解析：通过guilty，nursing home定位到文章E段，A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?以一个反义疑问句指出，很多家庭都在尽力去避免把老人送进养老院，并且当他们不能避免这种情况出现时，就会感到惭愧，other than而不是，对应于原文中的struggle to avoid，题目是对原文E段最后一句的同义转述。
37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
L) Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties... And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
解析：通过investigate和involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important定位到文章L段，文章中提出子女们会去实地考察配套的设施，并且跟行政人员、当地居民以及其他家庭成员交流，并且尽可能实现自己的职责。而且将未来的居住者（即他们的父母）考虑在内是非常重要的过程。 题目是对段落的概括总结。
38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
B) Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? It is genuinely hard to know.
解析：典型的同义替换题。通过assisted living 定位至文章B段，文章中提出辅助生活真的要比疗养院更有利吗，又或者该行业仅仅是雇佣了更好的室内设计师吗？这个真的很难说。really difficult to tell是对原文genuinely hard to know的同义替换，better than a nursing home是对a great improvement over a nursing home的同义替换，题目是对原文的同义转述。
39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
H) It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place
in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences.
解析：通过interaction定位至文章H段，原文中指出这是人与地点的相处，而不是地点本身能决定较好或较坏的体验。题干中How a resident feels是对原文中better or worse experiences的同义替换。an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in是对原文中an interaction between the person and the place的同义替换。题目是对原文的概括和同义转述。
40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
N) The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
J) that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are.
解析：典型的同义替换题。of little help是has little relationship的同义替换，satisfactory place是how satisfied its residents or their family members are的同义替换，题目是对原文J段这句话的同义转述。
42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
F) In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. ... They scored higher on social interaction.
解析：由higher scores on social interaction定位至文章F段，at first 是对文章in the initial的同义转述，在最初的结果中，辅助生活的居民确实呈现出了最积极的结果，...它们在社会互动上得到的分数更高。题目是对文章的概括和同义转述。
43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
C) I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed.
解析：由what kind of care facility old people live in 定位至文章C段，less important对应原文中的matter less，we think对应原文中的we have assumed，作者提出老人居住环境的情况并不像我们想象的那么重要，题目是对原文的同义转换。
44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
I) Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before.
解析：典型的同义转换题目。similar to an earlier multi-state study与have surfaced before同义转换。根据findings定位到文章I段，同义转述。
45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
G) Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
解析：根据participated in the decision和move in and how long they had stayed there定位至文章G段，居民是否参与决定搬家并且他们要居住多久也很重要。Has much to do 对应文章中的significant。题目是对文章的同义转述。
18、43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
E) A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?
解析：通过guilty，nursing home定位到文章E段，A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?以一个反义疑问句指出，很多家庭都在尽力去避免把老人送进养老院，并且当他们不能避免这种情况出现时，就会感到惭愧，other than而不是，对应于原文中的struggle to avoid，题目是对原文E段最后一句的同义转述。
37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
L) Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties... And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
解析：通过investigate和involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important定位到文章L段，文章中提出子女们会去实地考察配套的设施，并且跟行政人员、当地居民以及其他家庭成员交流，并且尽可能实现自己的职责。而且将未来的居住者（即他们的父母）考虑在内是非常重要的过程。 题目是对段落的概括总结。
38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
B) Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? It is genuinely hard to know.
解析：典型的同义替换题。通过assisted living 定位至文章B段，文章中提出辅助生活真的要比疗养院更有利吗，又或者该行业仅仅是雇佣了更好的室内设计师吗？这个真的很难说。really difficult to tell是对原文genuinely hard to know的同义替换，better than a nursing home是对a great improvement over a nursing home的同义替换，题目是对原文的同义转述。
39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
H) It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place
in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences.
解析：通过interaction定位至文章H段，原文中指出这是人与地点的相处，而不是地点本身能决定较好或较坏的体验。题干中How a resident feels是对原文中better or worse experiences的同义替换。an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in是对原文中an interaction between the person and the place的同义替换。题目是对原文的概括和同义转述。
40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
N) The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
J) that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are.
解析：典型的同义替换题。of little help是has little relationship的同义替换，satisfactory place是how satisfied its residents or their family members are的同义替换，题目是对原文J段这句话的同义转述。
42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
F) In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. ... They scored higher on social interaction.
解析：由higher scores on social interaction定位至文章F段，at first 是对文章in the initial的同义转述，在最初的结果中，辅助生活的居民确实呈现出了最积极的结果，...它们在社会互动上得到的分数更高。题目是对文章的概括和同义转述。
43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
C) I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed.
解析：由what kind of care facility old people live in 定位至文章C段，less important对应原文中的matter less，we think对应原文中的we have assumed，作者提出老人居住环境的情况并不像我们想象的那么重要，题目是对原文的同义转换。
44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
I) Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before.
解析：典型的同义转换题目。similar to an earlier multi-state study与have surfaced before同义转换。根据findings定位到文章I段，同义转述。
45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
G) Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
解析：根据participated in the decision和move in and how long they had stayed there定位至文章G段，居民是否参与决定搬家并且他们要居住多久也很重要。Has much to do 对应文章中的significant。题目是对文章的同义转述。
19、44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
E) A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?
解析：通过guilty，nursing home定位到文章E段，A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?以一个反义疑问句指出，很多家庭都在尽力去避免把老人送进养老院，并且当他们不能避免这种情况出现时，就会感到惭愧，other than而不是，对应于原文中的struggle to avoid，题目是对原文E段最后一句的同义转述。
37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
L) Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties... And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
解析：通过investigate和involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important定位到文章L段，文章中提出子女们会去实地考察配套的设施，并且跟行政人员、当地居民以及其他家庭成员交流，并且尽可能实现自己的职责。而且将未来的居住者（即他们的父母）考虑在内是非常重要的过程。 题目是对段落的概括总结。
38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
B) Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? It is genuinely hard to know.
解析：典型的同义替换题。通过assisted living 定位至文章B段，文章中提出辅助生活真的要比疗养院更有利吗，又或者该行业仅仅是雇佣了更好的室内设计师吗？这个真的很难说。really difficult to tell是对原文genuinely hard to know的同义替换，better than a nursing home是对a great improvement over a nursing home的同义替换，题目是对原文的同义转述。
39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
H) It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place
in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences.
解析：通过interaction定位至文章H段，原文中指出这是人与地点的相处，而不是地点本身能决定较好或较坏的体验。题干中How a resident feels是对原文中better or worse experiences的同义替换。an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in是对原文中an interaction between the person and the place的同义替换。题目是对原文的概括和同义转述。
40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
N) The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
J) that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are.
解析：典型的同义替换题。of little help是has little relationship的同义替换，satisfactory place是how satisfied its residents or their family members are的同义替换，题目是对原文J段这句话的同义转述。
42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
F) In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. ... They scored higher on social interaction.
解析：由higher scores on social interaction定位至文章F段，at first 是对文章in the initial的同义转述，在最初的结果中，辅助生活的居民确实呈现出了最积极的结果，...它们在社会互动上得到的分数更高。题目是对文章的概括和同义转述。
43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
C) I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed.
解析：由what kind of care facility old people live in 定位至文章C段，less important对应原文中的matter less，we think对应原文中的we have assumed，作者提出老人居住环境的情况并不像我们想象的那么重要，题目是对原文的同义转换。
44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
I) Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before.
解析：典型的同义转换题目。similar to an earlier multi-state study与have surfaced before同义转换。根据findings定位到文章I段，同义转述。
45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
G) Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
解析：根据participated in the decision和move in and how long they had stayed there定位至文章G段，居民是否参与决定搬家并且他们要居住多久也很重要。Has much to do 对应文章中的significant。题目是对文章的同义转述。
20、45. A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
答案解析：36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.
E) A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?
解析：通过guilty，nursing home定位到文章E段，A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?以一个反义疑问句指出，很多家庭都在尽力去避免把老人送进养老院，并且当他们不能避免这种情况出现时，就会感到惭愧，other than而不是，对应于原文中的struggle to avoid，题目是对原文E段最后一句的同义转述。
37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.
L) Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties... And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.
解析：通过investigate和involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important定位到文章L段，文章中提出子女们会去实地考察配套的设施，并且跟行政人员、当地居民以及其他家庭成员交流，并且尽可能实现自己的职责。而且将未来的居住者（即他们的父母）考虑在内是非常重要的过程。 题目是对段落的概括总结。
38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.
B) Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? It is genuinely hard to know.
解析：典型的同义替换题。通过assisted living 定位至文章B段，文章中提出辅助生活真的要比疗养院更有利吗，又或者该行业仅仅是雇佣了更好的室内设计师吗？这个真的很难说。really difficult to tell是对原文genuinely hard to know的同义替换，better than a nursing home是对a great improvement over a nursing home的同义替换，题目是对原文的同义转述。
39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.
H) It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place
in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences.
解析：通过interaction定位至文章H段，原文中指出这是人与地点的相处，而不是地点本身能决定较好或较坏的体验。题干中How a resident feels是对原文中better or worse experiences的同义替换。an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in是对原文中an interaction between the person and the place的同义替换。题目是对原文的概括和同义转述。
40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.
N) The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.
41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.
J) that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are.
解析：典型的同义替换题。of little help是has little relationship的同义替换，satisfactory place是how satisfied its residents or their family members are的同义替换，题目是对原文J段这句话的同义转述。
42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.
F) In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. ... They scored higher on social interaction.
解析：由higher scores on social interaction定位至文章F段，at first 是对文章in the initial的同义转述，在最初的结果中，辅助生活的居民确实呈现出了最积极的结果，...它们在社会互动上得到的分数更高。题目是对文章的概括和同义转述。
43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.
C) I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed.
解析：由what kind of care facility old people live in 定位至文章C段，less important对应原文中的matter less，we think对应原文中的we have assumed，作者提出老人居住环境的情况并不像我们想象的那么重要，题目是对原文的同义转换。
44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.
I) Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before.
解析：典型的同义转换题目。similar to an earlier multi-state study与have surfaced before同义转换。根据findings定位到文章I段，同义转述。
45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.
G) Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.
解析：根据participated in the decision和move in and how long they had stayed there定位至文章G段，居民是否参与决定搬家并且他们要居住多久也很重要。Has much to do 对应文章中的significant。题目是对文章的同义转述。
Part III Reading Comprehension
As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.
Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it’s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.
For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,” said Russell.
Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that's the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.
It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.
Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.
The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they’ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo(禁忌).
One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.
If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportune to stop, send out beeps(嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.
The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe a moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.
21、46. What does the author say about the threat of robots?
A It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.
B It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.
C It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.
D It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.
答案解析：
46. C) It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.
解析：细节题。定位到第一段，This danger can be avoided if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.前一句提到了机器人有可能会成为一种威胁，后一句提到如果我们可以想出能够把人类价值转换成计算机编码，这种威胁就可以避免。C项是原文的同义转换。
22、47. What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?
A They are aggressive.
B They are outgoing.
C They are ignorant.
D They are ill-bred.
答案解析：
47. D) They are ill-bred.
解析： 细节题。由invade our personal space定位到第四段最后“obviously there are…，you wouldn’t think that’s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.”你觉得这不是一个受过良好教育的人会做的事。Ill-bred是粗野的，没有教养的，答案是对最后一句话的同义转述。
23、48. How do robots learn human values?
A By interacting with human in everyday life situations.
B By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.
C By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.
D By imitating the behavior of properly brought –up human beings.
答案解析：
48. C)By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.
解析：细节题。题目中问到机器人如何学习人类价值，Roberts learn human values 定位到第六段 “Roberts could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior”机器人也可以从关于人类行为的数据中去学习人类价值，C项符合原文。
24、49. What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?
A Keep a distance from possible dangers.
B Stop to seek advice from a human being.
C Trigger its built-in alarm system at once.
D Do sufficient testing before taking action.
答案解析：
49. B) Stop to seek advice from a human being.
解析：细节题。题干问当面临一个非常规情景时，具有良好编程的机器人会怎么办，Unusual situaton定位到第九段“If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportune to stop, send out beeps(嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human.” 机器人要寻求的是人的指导，B项是对答案的同义转述。
25、50. What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?
A Determine what is moral and ethical.
B Design some large-scale experiments.
C Set rules for man-machine interaction.
D Develop a more sophisticated program.
答案解析：
50. A) Determine what is moral and ethical.
解析：细节题。题目中问到我们将人类价值转变成程序代码时面临的最大困难是什么？定位至最后一段，“the most difficult step in programming…deciding exactly what we believe is moral,and how to create a set of ethical rules.” 最难的一步是确定什么是道德的，并且怎样去制订一系列的道德准则。
Part III Reading Comprehension
Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality on your longevity (长寿)? Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.
The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.
Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.
Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.
Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother’s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets.
Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.
Personality isn’t destiny (命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.
26、51. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?
A They have a good understanding of evolution.
B They are better at negotiating an agreement.
C They generally appear more resourceful.
D They are more likely to get over hardship.
答案解析：
51. D) They are more likely to get over hardship.
解析：推断题。题目问到关于乐观开朗的人，作者有什么看法。outgoing和sympathetic定位至第二段，最后一句 “those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.”乐于交友的人可以有更充足的资源来帮助他们度过艰难时期。D选项get over hardship是同义选项;A项，B项并非定位区间的词，C项resourceful是原文中定位句出现的，但是后面的to do才是强调的部分，所以C项是干扰选项。
27、52. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is _____.
A to see whether people’s personality affects their life span
B to find out if one’s lifestyle has any effect on their health
C to investigate the role of exercise in living a long life
D to examine all the factors contributing to longevity
答案解析：
52. A) to see whether people’s personality affects their life span
解析： 主旨题。题目问的是研究目的是什么，定位至第一段最后一句 “A new study in the …246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100”定位句前一段提到了personality和longevity，研究是围绕二者关系展开的，A项提到了personality和life span，并且指出是否性格会影响到寿命，故答案为A。B,C均未提及，D项出现了all，太绝对，文章只介绍了性格和寿命的关系，这是干扰选项。
28、53. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?
A Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.
B Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.
C Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.
D Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.
答案解析：
53. C) Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.
解析：细节题。题干问到这项研究有哪些出乎我们意料的发现？定位至第三段 “Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old.”然而，一些其他的你认为有优势的性格特点对于参与者是否能够长寿没有影响，例如，越自律的人，并不是更有可能寿命长。C项是对这两句话的概括。
29、54. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?
A Children’s personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers.
B People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.
C Mothers’ influence on children may last longer than fathers’.
D Mothers’ negative personality characteristics may affect their children’s life spans.
答案解析：
54. D) Mothers’ negative personality characteristics may affect their children’s lifespans..
解析：细节题。题干问关于挪威妈妈们的研究显示了什么。Norwegian 定位至第五段， 第五段首句指出，Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother’s personality may also help determine your longevity. 妈妈的性格也会影响孩子的寿命。D项是同义转述。
30、55. What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?
A Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one’s life span.
B Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.
C Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.
D Health is in large part related to one’s lifestyle.
答案解析：
55. B) Longevity results form a combination of mental and physical health.
解析：推断题。题干问这两项新的研究成果表明了什么？定位至最后一段最后一句 “But both studies show that long life isn’t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.” Show that后面即为答案，长寿跟身体和心理的健康都有关系。B项是这句话的同意转述。
