Part IV Translation
1、 功夫（Kung Fu）是中国武术（martial arts）的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要，狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练。它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式。有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。
正确答案：
普通版：Kung Fu is a common name of Chinese martial arts. The beginning of Chinese martial arts can date back to the needs of self-defense, hunting and ancient Chinese military training. It is one kind of the Chinese traditional sports and both the young and the old practice it. It has gradually become a special element of Chinese culture. As a national treasure of China, Kung Fu is the most practiced form of martial arts and has hundreds of different types. Some of the styles copy the animals’ movements, and others are inspired by Chinese philosophies, myths and legends.
高配版：Chinese martial arts are commonly known as Kung Fu, the origin of which can be traced back to the needs of self-defense, hunting and military training in ancient China. Being one kind of the Chinese traditional sports, it is always practiced by both the young and the old. It has gradually evolved into a unique element of Chinese culture. As a Chinese national treasure, Kung Fu is the most practiced form of martial arts, which has hundreds of different styles. Some of the styles imitate the movements of the animals and some are enlightened by Chinese philosophies, myths and legends.
答案解析：
第一句：功夫(Kung Fu)是中国武术(martial arts)的俗称。
普通版：主系表结构。主语“功夫”，表语“俗称”，可以用common name来表示，这句话可译为：Kung Fu is a common name of Chinese martial arts.
高配版：“是…的俗称”有一个短语，be commonly known as, 可译为：Chinese martial arts are commonly known as Kung Fu, 第二句话中也是介绍中国武术，我们可以考虑合译，用一个非限制性定语从句将它们串联起来。“自卫”，self-defense；“狩猎活动”，hunting；“军事训练”，military training. 这两句话合译为：Chinese martial arts are commonly known as Kung Fu, the origin of which can be traced back to the needs of self-defense, hunting and military training in ancient China.
第二句：中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要，狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。
普通版：主谓宾结构，主语：“起源”，beginning，谓语动词：“追溯”，date back to, 宾语：“…的需要”，the needs of…因此这句话可译为：The beginning of Chinese martial arts can date back to the needs of self-defense, hunting and ancient Chinese military training.
第三句：它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练。
普通版：并列句。前半句是一个主系表结构，“传统体育运动”， traditional sports, “…的一种”one kind of. 前半句可译为：It is one kind of the Chinese traditional sports.后半句是一个主谓宾结构，主语是“年轻人和老年人”，the young and the old，谓语“练习”，practice，后半句可译为：both the young and the old practice it. 两个分句是并列结构，用and连接。
高配版：前后两个分句都是与功夫相关的，我们可以借助非谓语动词将其中一个分句转换为状语。Being one kind of the Chinese traditional sports, it is always practiced by both the young and the old. 或译为It is one kind of the Chinese traditional sports, practiced by both the young and the old.
第四句：它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。
普通版：“逐渐”用副词“gradually”，“独特元素”是“special element”。 整句是主谓宾结构，可译为It has gradually become a special element of Chinese culture.
高配版：“变成”可以用一个高级词汇“evolve”，“独特的”可改用“unique”，全句译为It has gradually evolved into a unique element of Chinese culture.
第五句：作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式。
普通版：“作为…”用“as…”，国宝Chinese national treasure. 第二个分句，主谓宾，Kung Fu has hundreds of different types, 第三个分句，主系表，Kung Fu is the most practiced forms of martial arts，合并译为：As a national treasure of China, Kung Fu is the most practiced form of martial arts and has hundreds of different types.
高配版：类似于第三句的高配版翻译，我们同样可以将普通版翻译中的and并列结构转化为一个从句来引导。因此可译为：As a Chinese national treasure, Kung Fu is the most practiced form of martial arts, which has hundreds of different styles.
第六句：有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。
普通版：前半分句，主谓宾结构，主语“有些风格”，some of the styles，谓语“模仿”，copy，宾语“动物的动作”，animals’ movements，后半分句，“受到了启发”，be inspired by； 哲学思想，philosophy； 神话，myth； 传说，legend； 整句话可译为：Some of the styles copy the animals’ movements, and others are inspired by Chinese philosophies, myths and legends.
高配版：模仿，用imitate； 启发，enlighten。整句翻译为： Some of the styles imitate the movements of the animals and some are enlightened by Chinese philosophies, myths and legends.
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