The U.S. Department of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students have equal access to a quality education. Today it is (36)_____ the launch of the Excellent Educators for All Initiative. The initiative will help states and school districts support great educators for the students who need them most.
“All children are (37)_____ to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code or family income. It is (38)_____ important that we provide teachers and principals the support they need to help students reach their full (39)_____,” U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan said. “Despite the excellent work and deep (40)_____ of our nation’s teachers and principals, students in high-poverty, high-minority schools are unfairly treated across our country. We have to do better. Local leaders and educators will (41)_____ their own creative solutions, but we must work together to (42)_____ our focus on how to better recruit, support and (43)_____ effective teachers and principals for all students, especially the kids who need them most.”
Today’s announcement is another important step forward in improving access to a quality education, a (44)_____ of President Obama’s year of action. Later today, Secretary Duncan will lead a roundtable discussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the (45)_____ of working in high-need schools and how to adopt promising practices for supporting great educators in these schools.
43. retain。此处需要填入动词原形，因为这个词需要与前面的recruit和support形成并列关系，retain意为保留，可以与后面的effective teachers and principals搭配。以上两题所在句的意思是：但我们必须要共同努力，集中精力在如何为孩子招聘、扶持和留住专业的老师和校长，尤其是为了那些急需这些老师和校长的孩子。
44. component。此处需要填入可数名词。由这句话中的another important step和year of action可知，这个声明是年度举措的一部分，因此选择component。句意为：今天宣布的内容是迈向高质量教育的重要一步，是奥巴马行动年的重要组成部分。
45. challenges。此处应填名词。此空比较难选，因为commitment和potential似乎都能填到这里，可是这句话的后半句说how to adopt...，可知这个圆桌会议讨论的是比较难办到或困难的事情，因此选challenges。句意为：今天晚些时候，参议员Duncan将会主持一场有全国各地老师校长参会的圆桌会议，讨论在急需改善条件的学校里工作的挑战性，以及如何在这些学校里采取行之有效的办法帮助这些教育工作者。
43. retain。此处需要填入动词原形，因为这个词需要与前面的recruit和support形成并列关系，retain意为保留，可以与后面的effective teachers and principals搭配。以上两题所在句的意思是：但我们必须要共同努力，集中精力在如何为孩子招聘、扶持和留住专业的老师和校长，尤其是为了那些急需这些老师和校长的孩子。
44. component。此处需要填入可数名词。由这句话中的another important step和year of action可知，这个声明是年度举措的一部分，因此选择component。句意为：今天宣布的内容是迈向高质量教育的重要一步，是奥巴马行动年的重要组成部分。
45. challenges。此处应填名词。此空比较难选，因为commitment和potential似乎都能填到这里，可是这句话的后半句说how to adopt...，可知这个圆桌会议讨论的是比较难办到或困难的事情，因此选challenges。句意为：今天晚些时候，参议员Duncan将会主持一场有全国各地老师校长参会的圆桌会议，讨论在急需改善条件的学校里工作的挑战性，以及如何在这些学校里采取行之有效的办法帮助这些教育工作者。
43. retain。此处需要填入动词原形，因为这个词需要与前面的recruit和support形成并列关系，retain意为保留，可以与后面的effective teachers and principals搭配。以上两题所在句的意思是：但我们必须要共同努力，集中精力在如何为孩子招聘、扶持和留住专业的老师和校长，尤其是为了那些急需这些老师和校长的孩子。
44. component。此处需要填入可数名词。由这句话中的another important step和year of action可知，这个声明是年度举措的一部分，因此选择component。句意为：今天宣布的内容是迈向高质量教育的重要一步，是奥巴马行动年的重要组成部分。
45. challenges。此处应填名词。此空比较难选，因为commitment和potential似乎都能填到这里，可是这句话的后半句说how to adopt...，可知这个圆桌会议讨论的是比较难办到或困难的事情，因此选challenges。句意为：今天晚些时候，参议员Duncan将会主持一场有全国各地老师校长参会的圆桌会议，讨论在急需改善条件的学校里工作的挑战性，以及如何在这些学校里采取行之有效的办法帮助这些教育工作者。
43. retain。此处需要填入动词原形，因为这个词需要与前面的recruit和support形成并列关系，retain意为保留，可以与后面的effective teachers and principals搭配。以上两题所在句的意思是：但我们必须要共同努力，集中精力在如何为孩子招聘、扶持和留住专业的老师和校长，尤其是为了那些急需这些老师和校长的孩子。
44. component。此处需要填入可数名词。由这句话中的another important step和year of action可知，这个声明是年度举措的一部分，因此选择component。句意为：今天宣布的内容是迈向高质量教育的重要一步，是奥巴马行动年的重要组成部分。
45. challenges。此处应填名词。此空比较难选，因为commitment和potential似乎都能填到这里，可是这句话的后半句说how to adopt...，可知这个圆桌会议讨论的是比较难办到或困难的事情，因此选challenges。句意为：今天晚些时候，参议员Duncan将会主持一场有全国各地老师校长参会的圆桌会议，讨论在急需改善条件的学校里工作的挑战性，以及如何在这些学校里采取行之有效的办法帮助这些教育工作者。
43. retain。此处需要填入动词原形，因为这个词需要与前面的recruit和support形成并列关系，retain意为保留，可以与后面的effective teachers and principals搭配。以上两题所在句的意思是：但我们必须要共同努力，集中精力在如何为孩子招聘、扶持和留住专业的老师和校长，尤其是为了那些急需这些老师和校长的孩子。
44. component。此处需要填入可数名词。由这句话中的another important step和year of action可知，这个声明是年度举措的一部分，因此选择component。句意为：今天宣布的内容是迈向高质量教育的重要一步，是奥巴马行动年的重要组成部分。
45. challenges。此处应填名词。此空比较难选，因为commitment和potential似乎都能填到这里，可是这句话的后半句说how to adopt...，可知这个圆桌会议讨论的是比较难办到或困难的事情，因此选challenges。句意为：今天晚些时候，参议员Duncan将会主持一场有全国各地老师校长参会的圆桌会议，讨论在急需改善条件的学校里工作的挑战性，以及如何在这些学校里采取行之有效的办法帮助这些教育工作者。
43. retain。此处需要填入动词原形，因为这个词需要与前面的recruit和support形成并列关系，retain意为保留，可以与后面的effective teachers and principals搭配。以上两题所在句的意思是：但我们必须要共同努力，集中精力在如何为孩子招聘、扶持和留住专业的老师和校长，尤其是为了那些急需这些老师和校长的孩子。
44. component。此处需要填入可数名词。由这句话中的another important step和year of action可知，这个声明是年度举措的一部分，因此选择component。句意为：今天宣布的内容是迈向高质量教育的重要一步，是奥巴马行动年的重要组成部分。
45. challenges。此处应填名词。此空比较难选，因为commitment和potential似乎都能填到这里，可是这句话的后半句说how to adopt...，可知这个圆桌会议讨论的是比较难办到或困难的事情，因此选challenges。句意为：今天晚些时候，参议员Duncan将会主持一场有全国各地老师校长参会的圆桌会议，讨论在急需改善条件的学校里工作的挑战性，以及如何在这些学校里采取行之有效的办法帮助这些教育工作者。
43. retain。此处需要填入动词原形，因为这个词需要与前面的recruit和support形成并列关系，retain意为保留，可以与后面的effective teachers and principals搭配。以上两题所在句的意思是：但我们必须要共同努力，集中精力在如何为孩子招聘、扶持和留住专业的老师和校长，尤其是为了那些急需这些老师和校长的孩子。
44. component。此处需要填入可数名词。由这句话中的another important step和year of action可知，这个声明是年度举措的一部分，因此选择component。句意为：今天宣布的内容是迈向高质量教育的重要一步，是奥巴马行动年的重要组成部分。
45. challenges。此处应填名词。此空比较难选，因为commitment和potential似乎都能填到这里，可是这句话的后半句说how to adopt...，可知这个圆桌会议讨论的是比较难办到或困难的事情，因此选challenges。句意为：今天晚些时候，参议员Duncan将会主持一场有全国各地老师校长参会的圆桌会议，讨论在急需改善条件的学校里工作的挑战性，以及如何在这些学校里采取行之有效的办法帮助这些教育工作者。
43. retain。此处需要填入动词原形，因为这个词需要与前面的recruit和support形成并列关系，retain意为保留，可以与后面的effective teachers and principals搭配。以上两题所在句的意思是：但我们必须要共同努力，集中精力在如何为孩子招聘、扶持和留住专业的老师和校长，尤其是为了那些急需这些老师和校长的孩子。
44. component。此处需要填入可数名词。由这句话中的another important step和year of action可知，这个声明是年度举措的一部分，因此选择component。句意为：今天宣布的内容是迈向高质量教育的重要一步，是奥巴马行动年的重要组成部分。
45. challenges。此处应填名词。此空比较难选，因为commitment和potential似乎都能填到这里，可是这句话的后半句说how to adopt...，可知这个圆桌会议讨论的是比较难办到或困难的事情，因此选challenges。句意为：今天晚些时候，参议员Duncan将会主持一场有全国各地老师校长参会的圆桌会议，讨论在急需改善条件的学校里工作的挑战性，以及如何在这些学校里采取行之有效的办法帮助这些教育工作者。
43. retain。此处需要填入动词原形，因为这个词需要与前面的recruit和support形成并列关系，retain意为保留，可以与后面的effective teachers and principals搭配。以上两题所在句的意思是：但我们必须要共同努力，集中精力在如何为孩子招聘、扶持和留住专业的老师和校长，尤其是为了那些急需这些老师和校长的孩子。
44. component。此处需要填入可数名词。由这句话中的another important step和year of action可知，这个声明是年度举措的一部分，因此选择component。句意为：今天宣布的内容是迈向高质量教育的重要一步，是奥巴马行动年的重要组成部分。
45. challenges。此处应填名词。此空比较难选，因为commitment和potential似乎都能填到这里，可是这句话的后半句说how to adopt...，可知这个圆桌会议讨论的是比较难办到或困难的事情，因此选challenges。句意为：今天晚些时候，参议员Duncan将会主持一场有全国各地老师校长参会的圆桌会议，讨论在急需改善条件的学校里工作的挑战性，以及如何在这些学校里采取行之有效的办法帮助这些教育工作者。
43. retain。此处需要填入动词原形，因为这个词需要与前面的recruit和support形成并列关系，retain意为保留，可以与后面的effective teachers and principals搭配。以上两题所在句的意思是：但我们必须要共同努力，集中精力在如何为孩子招聘、扶持和留住专业的老师和校长，尤其是为了那些急需这些老师和校长的孩子。
44. component。此处需要填入可数名词。由这句话中的another important step和year of action可知，这个声明是年度举措的一部分，因此选择component。句意为：今天宣布的内容是迈向高质量教育的重要一步，是奥巴马行动年的重要组成部分。
45. challenges。此处应填名词。此空比较难选，因为commitment和potential似乎都能填到这里，可是这句话的后半句说how to adopt...，可知这个圆桌会议讨论的是比较难办到或困难的事情，因此选challenges。句意为：今天晚些时候，参议员Duncan将会主持一场有全国各地老师校长参会的圆桌会议，讨论在急需改善条件的学校里工作的挑战性，以及如何在这些学校里采取行之有效的办法帮助这些教育工作者。
Part III Reading Comprehension
The Changes Facing Fast Food
【A】Fast-food firms have to be a thick-skinned bunch. Health experts regularly criticise them severely for selling food that makes people fat. Critics even complain that McDonald’s, whose logo symbolises calorie excess, should not have been allowed to sponsor the World Cup. These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.
【B】Fast food was once thought to be recession-proof. When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such “trading down” proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
【C】As a result, fast-food chains have weathered the recession better than their more expensive competitors. In 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6%, but total sales remained about the same at fast-food chains. In some markets, such as Japan, France and Britain, total spending on fast food increased. Same-store sales in America at McDonald’s, the world’s largest fast-food company, did not decline throughout the downturn. Panera Bread, an American fast-food chain known for its fresh ingredients, performed well, too, because it offers higher-quality food at lower prices than restaurants.
【D】But not all fast-food companies have been as fortunate. Many, such as Burger King, have seen sales fall. In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money. David Palmer, an analyst at UBS, a bank, says smaller fast-food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carl’s Jr., have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they are competing with the global giant McDonald’s, which increased spending on advertising by more than 7% last year as others cut back.
【E】Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make. In May a judge ruled in favour of Burger King. Nevertheless, the company may still be cursing its decision to promote cheap choices over more expensive ones because items on its “value menu” now account for around 20% of all sales, up from 12% last October.
【F】Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials. KFC, a division of Yum! Brands, which also owns Taco Belland Pizza Hut, has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around $5. And in May Burger King introduced barbecue (烧烤) pork ribs at $7 for eight.
【G】Companies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, including drinks. McDonald’s started selling better coffee as a challenge to Starbucks. Its “McCafe” line now accounts for an estimated 6% of sales in America. Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle’s Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
【H】As fast-food companies shift from “super size” to “more buys”, they need to keep customer traffic high throughout the day. Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald’s will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high. Fast-food companies are also adding midday and late-night snacks, such as blended drinks and wraps. The idea is that by having a greater range of things on the menu, “we can sell to consumers products they want all day,” says Rick Carucci, the chief financial officer of Yum! Brands.
【I】But what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avoided government regulation. By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症). These offerings are not necessarily loss-leaders, as they broaden the appeal of outlets to groups of diners that include some people who don’t want to eat a burger. But customers cannot be forced to order salads instead of fries.
【J】In the future, simply offering a healthy option may not be good enough. “Every packaged-food and restaurant company I know is concerned about regulation right now,” says Mr. Palmer of UBS. America’s health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu. A study by the National Bureau of Economic Research, which tracked the effects on Starbucks of a similar calorie-posting law in New York City in 2007, found that the average calorie-count per transaction fell 6% and revenue increased 3% at Starbucks stores where a Dunkin Donuts outlet was nearby—a sign, it is said, that menu-labelling could favour chains that have more healthy offerings.
【K】In order to avoid other legislation in America and elsewhere, fast-food companies will have to continue innovating (创新). Walt Riker of McDonald’s claims the change it has made in its menu means it offers more healthy items than it did a few years ago. “We probably sell more vegetables, more milk, more salads, more apples than any restaurant business in the world,” he says. But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald’s from including toys in its high-calorie “Happy Meals”, because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
11、46. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
答案解析：46. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
K) But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie "Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
47. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
A) These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.
48. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
G) Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
解析：题干中的Burger King和Seattle’s Best Coffee可定位至G段最后一句。根据G段最后一句可知，星巴克把“西雅图最好的咖啡”品牌卖给了汉堡王，汉堡王因此接下来就会卖“西雅图最好的咖啡”，与题目符合。
49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
I) By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).
解析：题干中的关键词give the impression、obesity在原文I段第二句中同样出现，此外helping to tackle the obesity problem与helping to fight obesity为同义替换，表示“帮助解决肥胖问题”。
50. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
B) When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such "trading down" proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
51. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
D) In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.
解析：由题干中的关键词eat out less和save money可定位到D段第三句，其中eat out less是原文eat at home more frequently at home的转述，即消费者会少在外面吃，多在家吃。
52. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
E) Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make.
53. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
H) Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.
解析：breakfast是解答这道题目的关键词，此外，题干中的make a lot of money与原文中H段中的profitable相对应。H段中Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable与题干是同义替换。
54. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials.
解析：根据题目中的关键词introducing higher-priced items可定位至F段第1-3句，其中increase their revenue和industry to grow modestly相对应。
55. A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
J) America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.
12、47. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
答案解析：46. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
K) But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie "Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
47. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
A) These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.
48. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
G) Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
解析：题干中的Burger King和Seattle’s Best Coffee可定位至G段最后一句。根据G段最后一句可知，星巴克把“西雅图最好的咖啡”品牌卖给了汉堡王，汉堡王因此接下来就会卖“西雅图最好的咖啡”，与题目符合。
49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
I) By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).
解析：题干中的关键词give the impression、obesity在原文I段第二句中同样出现，此外helping to tackle the obesity problem与helping to fight obesity为同义替换，表示“帮助解决肥胖问题”。
50. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
B) When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such "trading down" proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
51. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
D) In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.
解析：由题干中的关键词eat out less和save money可定位到D段第三句，其中eat out less是原文eat at home more frequently at home的转述，即消费者会少在外面吃，多在家吃。
52. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
E) Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make.
53. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
H) Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.
解析：breakfast是解答这道题目的关键词，此外，题干中的make a lot of money与原文中H段中的profitable相对应。H段中Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable与题干是同义替换。
54. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials.
解析：根据题目中的关键词introducing higher-priced items可定位至F段第1-3句，其中increase their revenue和industry to grow modestly相对应。
55. A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
J) America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.
13、48. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
答案解析：46. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
K) But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie "Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
47. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
A) These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.
48. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
G) Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
解析：题干中的Burger King和Seattle’s Best Coffee可定位至G段最后一句。根据G段最后一句可知，星巴克把“西雅图最好的咖啡”品牌卖给了汉堡王，汉堡王因此接下来就会卖“西雅图最好的咖啡”，与题目符合。
49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
I) By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).
解析：题干中的关键词give the impression、obesity在原文I段第二句中同样出现，此外helping to tackle the obesity problem与helping to fight obesity为同义替换，表示“帮助解决肥胖问题”。
50. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
B) When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such "trading down" proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
51. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
D) In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.
解析：由题干中的关键词eat out less和save money可定位到D段第三句，其中eat out less是原文eat at home more frequently at home的转述，即消费者会少在外面吃，多在家吃。
52. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
E) Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make.
53. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
H) Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.
解析：breakfast是解答这道题目的关键词，此外，题干中的make a lot of money与原文中H段中的profitable相对应。H段中Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable与题干是同义替换。
54. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials.
解析：根据题目中的关键词introducing higher-priced items可定位至F段第1-3句，其中increase their revenue和industry to grow modestly相对应。
55. A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
J) America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.
14、49. Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
答案解析：46. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
K) But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie "Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
47. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
A) These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.
48. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
G) Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
解析：题干中的Burger King和Seattle’s Best Coffee可定位至G段最后一句。根据G段最后一句可知，星巴克把“西雅图最好的咖啡”品牌卖给了汉堡王，汉堡王因此接下来就会卖“西雅图最好的咖啡”，与题目符合。
49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
I) By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).
解析：题干中的关键词give the impression、obesity在原文I段第二句中同样出现，此外helping to tackle the obesity problem与helping to fight obesity为同义替换，表示“帮助解决肥胖问题”。
50. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
B) When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such "trading down" proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
51. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
D) In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.
解析：由题干中的关键词eat out less和save money可定位到D段第三句，其中eat out less是原文eat at home more frequently at home的转述，即消费者会少在外面吃，多在家吃。
52. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
E) Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make.
53. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
H) Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.
解析：breakfast是解答这道题目的关键词，此外，题干中的make a lot of money与原文中H段中的profitable相对应。H段中Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable与题干是同义替换。
54. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials.
解析：根据题目中的关键词introducing higher-priced items可定位至F段第1-3句，其中increase their revenue和industry to grow modestly相对应。
55. A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
J) America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.
15、50. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
答案解析：46. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
K) But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie "Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
47. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
A) These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.
48. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
G) Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
解析：题干中的Burger King和Seattle’s Best Coffee可定位至G段最后一句。根据G段最后一句可知，星巴克把“西雅图最好的咖啡”品牌卖给了汉堡王，汉堡王因此接下来就会卖“西雅图最好的咖啡”，与题目符合。
49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
I) By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).
解析：题干中的关键词give the impression、obesity在原文I段第二句中同样出现，此外helping to tackle the obesity problem与helping to fight obesity为同义替换，表示“帮助解决肥胖问题”。
50. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
B) When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such "trading down" proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
51. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
D) In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.
解析：由题干中的关键词eat out less和save money可定位到D段第三句，其中eat out less是原文eat at home more frequently at home的转述，即消费者会少在外面吃，多在家吃。
52. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
E) Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make.
53. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
H) Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.
解析：breakfast是解答这道题目的关键词，此外，题干中的make a lot of money与原文中H段中的profitable相对应。H段中Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable与题干是同义替换。
54. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials.
解析：根据题目中的关键词introducing higher-priced items可定位至F段第1-3句，其中increase their revenue和industry to grow modestly相对应。
55. A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
J) America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.
16、51. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
答案解析：46. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
K) But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie "Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
47. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
A) These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.
48. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
G) Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
解析：题干中的Burger King和Seattle’s Best Coffee可定位至G段最后一句。根据G段最后一句可知，星巴克把“西雅图最好的咖啡”品牌卖给了汉堡王，汉堡王因此接下来就会卖“西雅图最好的咖啡”，与题目符合。
49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
I) By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).
解析：题干中的关键词give the impression、obesity在原文I段第二句中同样出现，此外helping to tackle the obesity problem与helping to fight obesity为同义替换，表示“帮助解决肥胖问题”。
50. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
B) When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such "trading down" proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
51. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
D) In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.
解析：由题干中的关键词eat out less和save money可定位到D段第三句，其中eat out less是原文eat at home more frequently at home的转述，即消费者会少在外面吃，多在家吃。
52. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
E) Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make.
53. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
H) Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.
解析：breakfast是解答这道题目的关键词，此外，题干中的make a lot of money与原文中H段中的profitable相对应。H段中Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable与题干是同义替换。
54. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials.
解析：根据题目中的关键词introducing higher-priced items可定位至F段第1-3句，其中increase their revenue和industry to grow modestly相对应。
55. A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
J) America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.
17、52. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
答案解析：46. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
K) But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie "Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
47. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
A) These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.
48. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
G) Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
解析：题干中的Burger King和Seattle’s Best Coffee可定位至G段最后一句。根据G段最后一句可知，星巴克把“西雅图最好的咖啡”品牌卖给了汉堡王，汉堡王因此接下来就会卖“西雅图最好的咖啡”，与题目符合。
49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
I) By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).
解析：题干中的关键词give the impression、obesity在原文I段第二句中同样出现，此外helping to tackle the obesity problem与helping to fight obesity为同义替换，表示“帮助解决肥胖问题”。
50. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
B) When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such "trading down" proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
51. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
D) In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.
解析：由题干中的关键词eat out less和save money可定位到D段第三句，其中eat out less是原文eat at home more frequently at home的转述，即消费者会少在外面吃，多在家吃。
52. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
E) Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make.
53. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
H) Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.
解析：breakfast是解答这道题目的关键词，此外，题干中的make a lot of money与原文中H段中的profitable相对应。H段中Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable与题干是同义替换。
54. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials.
解析：根据题目中的关键词introducing higher-priced items可定位至F段第1-3句，其中increase their revenue和industry to grow modestly相对应。
55. A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
J) America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.
18、53. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
答案解析：46. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
K) But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie "Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
47. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
A) These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.
48. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
G) Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
解析：题干中的Burger King和Seattle’s Best Coffee可定位至G段最后一句。根据G段最后一句可知，星巴克把“西雅图最好的咖啡”品牌卖给了汉堡王，汉堡王因此接下来就会卖“西雅图最好的咖啡”，与题目符合。
49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
I) By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).
解析：题干中的关键词give the impression、obesity在原文I段第二句中同样出现，此外helping to tackle the obesity problem与helping to fight obesity为同义替换，表示“帮助解决肥胖问题”。
50. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
B) When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such "trading down" proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
51. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
D) In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.
解析：由题干中的关键词eat out less和save money可定位到D段第三句，其中eat out less是原文eat at home more frequently at home的转述，即消费者会少在外面吃，多在家吃。
52. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
E) Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make.
53. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
H) Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.
解析：breakfast是解答这道题目的关键词，此外，题干中的make a lot of money与原文中H段中的profitable相对应。H段中Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable与题干是同义替换。
54. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials.
解析：根据题目中的关键词introducing higher-priced items可定位至F段第1-3句，其中increase their revenue和industry to grow modestly相对应。
55. A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
J) America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.
19、54. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
答案解析：46. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
K) But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie "Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
47. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
A) These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.
48. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
G) Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
解析：题干中的Burger King和Seattle’s Best Coffee可定位至G段最后一句。根据G段最后一句可知，星巴克把“西雅图最好的咖啡”品牌卖给了汉堡王，汉堡王因此接下来就会卖“西雅图最好的咖啡”，与题目符合。
49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
I) By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).
解析：题干中的关键词give the impression、obesity在原文I段第二句中同样出现，此外helping to tackle the obesity problem与helping to fight obesity为同义替换，表示“帮助解决肥胖问题”。
50. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
B) When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such "trading down" proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
51. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
D) In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.
解析：由题干中的关键词eat out less和save money可定位到D段第三句，其中eat out less是原文eat at home more frequently at home的转述，即消费者会少在外面吃，多在家吃。
52. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
E) Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make.
53. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
H) Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.
解析：breakfast是解答这道题目的关键词，此外，题干中的make a lot of money与原文中H段中的profitable相对应。H段中Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable与题干是同义替换。
54. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials.
解析：根据题目中的关键词introducing higher-priced items可定位至F段第1-3句，其中increase their revenue和industry to grow modestly相对应。
55. A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
J) America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.
20、55. A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
答案解析：46. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
K) But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie "Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
47. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
A) These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.
48. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
G) Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
解析：题干中的Burger King和Seattle’s Best Coffee可定位至G段最后一句。根据G段最后一句可知，星巴克把“西雅图最好的咖啡”品牌卖给了汉堡王，汉堡王因此接下来就会卖“西雅图最好的咖啡”，与题目符合。
49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
I) By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).
解析：题干中的关键词give the impression、obesity在原文I段第二句中同样出现，此外helping to tackle the obesity problem与helping to fight obesity为同义替换，表示“帮助解决肥胖问题”。
50. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
B) When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such "trading down" proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
51. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
D) In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.
解析：由题干中的关键词eat out less和save money可定位到D段第三句，其中eat out less是原文eat at home more frequently at home的转述，即消费者会少在外面吃，多在家吃。
52. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
E) Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make.
53. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
H) Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.
解析：breakfast是解答这道题目的关键词，此外，题干中的make a lot of money与原文中H段中的profitable相对应。H段中Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable与题干是同义替换。
54. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials.
解析：根据题目中的关键词introducing higher-priced items可定位至F段第1-3句，其中increase their revenue和industry to grow modestly相对应。
55. A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
J) America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.
If you think a high-factor sunscreen (防晒霜) keeps you safe from harmful rays, you may be wrong. Research in this week’s Nature shows that while factor 50 reduces the number of melanomas (黑瘤) and delays their occurrence, it can’t prevent them. Melanomas are the most aggressive skin cancers. You have a higher risk if you have red or blond hair, fair skin, blue or green eyes, or sunburn easily, or if a close relative has had one. Melanomas are more common if you have periodic intense exposure to the sun. Other skin cancers are increasingly likely with long-term exposure.
There is continuing debate as to how effective sunscreen is in reducing melanomas the evidence is weaker than it is for preventing other types of skin cancer. A 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had half the rate of melanomas of people who used cream as needed. A second study, comparing 1,167 people with melanomas to 1,101 who didn’t have the cancer, found that using sunscreen routinely, alongside other protection such as hats, long sleeves or staying in the shade, did give some protection. This study said other forms of sun protection not sunscreen seemed most beneficial. The study relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade of their lives, so it’s not entirely reliable. But it seems reasonable to think sunscreen gives people a false sense of security in the sun.
Many people also don’t use sunscreen properly applying insufficient amounts, failing to reapply after a couple of hours and staying in the sun too long. It is sunburn that is most worrying recent research shows five episodes of sunburn in the teenage years increases the risk of all skin cancers.
The good news is that a combination of sunscreen and covering up can reduce melanoma rates, as shown by Australian figures from their slip-slop-slap campaign. So if there is a heat wave this summer, it would be best for us, too, to slip on a shirt, slop on (抹上) sunscreen and slap on a hat.
21、56. What is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen?
A It will delay the occurrence of skin cancer.
B It will protect them from sunburn.
C It will keep their skin smooth and fair.
D It will work for people of any skin color.
答案解析：
56.B)。
解析：根据题干中的a high-factor sunscreen可定位到第一段第一句话。根据第一段第一句可知，如果你觉得高指数的防晒霜能让你免受有害辐射，那你就错了。题干中的people’s common expectation其实就是you think的同义转述，keep you safe from和protect them from也是同义转换，选项B符合题意。A项（推迟得皮肤癌）在文章中没有提到；C项（保持皮肤光滑白皙）并没有提到它在expectation中；D项（对任何肤色的人都能起效）在文章中也没有提到。
22、57. What does the research in Nature say about a high-factor sunscreen?
A It is ineffective in preventing melanomas.
B It is ineffective in case of intense sunlight.
C It is ineffective with long-term exposure.
D It is ineffective for people with fair skin.
答案解析：
57.A)。
解析：根据题干中的Nature可定位到第一段的第二句。根据第一段第二句中的...Nature shows that while factor 50 reduces the number of melanomas and delays their occurrence, it can’t prevent them.可知，高浓度防晒霜可以减少黑素瘤并推迟其发生，但没办法预防。A项（它并不是预防黑素瘤的有效办法）正确；B项（一旦有密集的太阳照射就失效）在文章中未提及；C项（长时间暴露在阳光中会无效）表述错误；D项（对皮肤白皙者无效）表述错误， 因为后文提及红发、金发、皮肤白皙、蓝色或绿色眼睛、容易被晒伤等类型的人更容易患皮肤癌，与防晒霜无关。
23、58. What do we learn from the 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people?
A Sunscreen should be applied alongside other protection measures.
B High-risk people benefit the most from the application of sunscreen.
C Irregular application of sunscreen does women more harm than good.
D Daily application of sunscreen helps reduce the incidence of melanomas.
答案解析：
58.D)。
解析：根据题目中的关键词Australian study和1621 people可定位到第二段第二句。根据第二段第二句中A 2011 Australian study of 1621 people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had half the rate of melanomas of people who used cream as needed可知，每天使用防晒霜的人患黑素瘤的几率是只在需要时才使用防晒霜的人的一半。也就是说，每天使用防晒霜确实能降低患黑素瘤的几率。A项（防晒霜需要与其他皮肤保护手段一起使用）在文章中未提到；B项（高风险人士从防晒霜中获益最多）未提到；C项（不按规律使用防晒霜对女士弊大于利）表述错误；D项（每天使用防晒霜会减少黑瘤的出现）表达正确。
24、59. What does the author say about the second Australian study?
A It misleads people to rely on sunscreen for protection.
B It helps people to select the most effective sunscreen.
C It is not based on direct observation of the subjects.
D It confirms the results of the first Australian study.
答案解析：
59.C)。
解析：根据the second Australian study可定位到第二段第三句到第二段末尾。根据第二段中The study relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade of their lives, so it’s not entirely reliable. But it seems reasonable to think sunscreen gives people a false sense of security in the sun.可知实验依靠的是人们几十年来生活中的记忆，所以结果并不完全可靠，而是给了人们一种虚假的安全感。A项（结果会误导那些依赖防晒霜的人）在文章中未提到；B项（这项研究帮助人们选择最合适的防晒霜）未提到；C项（这并不是基于对实验对象的直接观察）可以从定位句推理出来，因此正确；D项（第二项研究证实了第一项研究）没有在文章中提及。
25、60. What does the author suggest to reduce melanoma rates?
Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled. Some 65% of American men aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated well-off and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.
The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity (长寿) translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.
But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled. Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people, whereas older skilled folk are working longer. The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers (二战后生育高峰期出生的美国人) are putting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.
Policy is partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Rising life expectancy (预期寿命), combined with the replacement of generous defined-benefit pension plans with less generous defined-contribution ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding generation. Technological change may well reinforce that shift: the skills that complement computers, from management know how to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.
26、61. What is happening in the workforce in rich countries?
A Younger people are replacing the elderly.
B Well-educated people tend to work longer.
C Unemployment rates are rising year after year.
D People with no college degree do not easily find work.
27、62. What has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor?
A Longer life expectancies.
B A rapid technological advance.
C Profound changes in the workforce.
D A growing number of the well-educated.
答案解析：
62. B)。
解析：根据题干中的the well-off和the poor定位到第一段第三句。根据a deepening divide between the well-educated well-off and the unskilled poor可知，受过良好教育的富人和缺乏教育的穷人的分化正在加剧。再根据Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. 可知，科技的快速进步增加了受过良好教育的人的收入，压缩了未受专门培训的人的收入。A项（预期寿命更长）与题目无关；B项（科技的快速进步）与文章信息完全一致，正确；C项（劳动力的深远改变）在文章中未提到；D项（受过良好教育的人的增多），也未提及，因此选B。
28、63. What do many observers predict in view of the experience of the 20th century?
A Economic growth will slow down.
B Government budgets will increase.
C More people will try to pursue higher education.
D There will be more competition in the job market.
答案解析：
63.A)。
解析：根据题目中的关键词observers可定位到第二段第三句。根据...experience of the 20th century...has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth...可知，观察者认为经济增长将会减缓。A项表述与原文一致，而B项（政府预算增加），C项（追求高等教育的人变多），D项（不再有工作竞争）表述都不准确。
29、64. What is the result of policy changes in European countries?
A Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.
B More people have to receive in-service training.
C Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.
D People may be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.
答案解析：
64. C)。
解析：根据关键词policy changes in European countries可以定位至第四段。根据第四段中的 Rising life expectancy...means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement.可知，有钱人不得不为了过一个舒服的退休生活而延长工作年限，the better-off与wealthy people为同义替换，所以C（即使富人也要为了退休以后能过得舒适而延长工作年限）正确。
30、65. What is characteristic of work in the 21st century?
A Computers will do more complicated work.
B More will be taken by the educated young.
C Most jobs to be done will be the creative ones.
D Skills are highly valued regardless of age.
答案解析：
65. D)
解析：根据最后一句中 Technological change may well reinforce that shift: the skills that complement computers, from management know-how to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.可知，科技进步会巩固劳动力构成的转型过程，电脑技能、管理能力、创造力等能力不会随年龄增大而衰弱。也就是说年龄和21世纪的工作特点有关联。A选项没有在原文中提及，B选项否定了年长者的作用，所以也不正确，C说工作是由创造力强的人完成，但原文说创造力和年龄没有直接关系，所以也不选。因此D项正确。
