One principle of taxation, called the benefits principle, states that people should pay taxes based on the benefits they receive from government services. This principle tries to make public goods similar to (36)______ goods. It seems reasonable that a person who often goes to the movies pays more in (37)_____ for movie tickets than a person who rarely goes. And (38)_____, a person who gets great benefit from a public good should pay more for it than a person who gets little benefit.
The gasoline tax, for instance, is sometimes (39)_____ using the benefits principle. In some states, (40)_____ from the gasoline tax are used to build and maintain roads. Because those who buy gasoline are the same people who use the roads, the gasoline tax might be viewed as a (41)_____ way to pay for this government service.
The benefits principle can also be used to argue that wealthy citizens should pay higher taxes than poorer ones, (42)_____ because the wealthy benefit more from public services. Consider, for example, the benefits of police protection from (43)_____. Citizens with much to protect get greater benefit from police than those with less to protect. Therefore, according to the benefits principle, the wealthy should (44)_____ more than the poor to the cost of (45)_____ the police force. The same argument can be used for many other public services, such as fire protection, national defense, and the court system.
解析：动词辨析题。空格前是介词of，空格后为名词短语the police force，空格处需要填入动词的现在分词形式。备选项有exerting（运用）、maintaining（维持）。富人不可能“运用”警力。maintain the police force意为“维持警力”。
Part III Reading Comprehension
Grow up Colored
【A】You wouldn’t know Piedmont anymore—my Piedmont, I mean—the town in West Virginia where I learned to be a colored boy.
【B】The 1950s in Piedmont was a time to remember, or at least to me. People were always proud to be from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location. I never knew colored people anywhere who were crazier about mountains and water, flowers and trees, fishing and hunting. For as long as anyone could remember, we could outhunt, outshoot, and outswim the white boys in the valley.
【C】The social structure of Piedmont was something we knew like the back of our hands. It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.
【D】For as long as anyone can remember, Piedmont’s character has been completely bound up with the Westvaco paper mill: its prosperous past and doubtful future. At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid.
【E】Like the Italians and the Irish, most of the colored people migrated to Piedmont at the turn of the 20th century to work at the paper mill, which opened in 1888. All the colored men at the paper mill worked on “the platform”—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That’s what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.
【F】Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. Welcome to the Colored Zone, a large stretched banner could have said. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring (打鼾) right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.
【G】Of course, the colored world was not so much a neighborhood as a condition of existence. And though our own world was seemingly self-contained, it impacted on the white world of Piedmont in almost every direction. Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hail. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party. The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right. Everybody would leave early.
【H】I Before 1955, most white people were just shadowy presences in our world, vague figures of power like remote bosses at the mill or clerks at the bank. There were exceptions, of course, the white people who would come into our world in routine, everyday ways we all understood. Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play. Mr. Insurance Man would come by every other week to collect payments on college or death policies, sometimes 50 cents or less.
【I】“It’s no disgrace to be colored,” the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, “but it is awfully inconvenient.” For most of my childhood, we couldn’t eat in restaurants or sleep in hotels, we couldn’t use certain bathrooms or try on clothes in stores. Mama insisted that we dress up when we went to shop. She was carefully dressed when she went to clothing stores, and wore white pads called shields under her arms so her dress or blouse would show no sweat. “We’d like to try this on,” she’d say carefully, uttering her words precisely and properly. “We don’t buy clothes we can’t try on,” she’d say when they declined, and we’d walk out in Mama’s dignified (有尊严的) manner. She preferred to shop where we had an account and where everyone knew who she was.
【J】At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don’t know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn’t stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored, and in part because, during his shift at the phone company, he picked up orders for food and coffee for the operators. Colored people were supposed to stand at the counter, get their food to go, and leave. Even when Young Doc Bess would set up the basketball team with free Cokes after one of many victories, the colored players had to stand around and drink out of paper cups while the white players and cheerleaders sat down in comfortable chairs and drank out of glasses.
【K】I couldn’t have been much older than five or six as I sat with my father at the Cut-Rate one afternoon, enjoying ice cream. Mr. Wilson, a stony-faced Irishman, walked by. “Hello, Mr. Wilson,” my father said.
“Hello, George.”
【L】I was genuinely puzzled. Mr. Wilson must have confused my father with somebody else, but who? There weren’t any Georges among the colored people in Piedmont. “Why don’t you tell him your name, Daddy?” I asked loudly. “Your name isn’t George.”
“He knows my name, boy,” my father said after a long pause. “He calls all colored people George.”
【M】I knew we wouldn’t talk about it again; even at that age, I was given to understand that there were some subjects it didn’t do to worry to death about. Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn’t so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn’t quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn’t hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.
11、46. The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
答案解析：46. The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.
F) Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring (打鼾) right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词separated neighborhood 和 casual and cozy(舒适的)，由此可定位到F段。F段第一句出现了neighborhoods that were clearly separated，casual and cozy是对F段最后一句话的概括。题目是对F段这一内容的概括归纳。
47. There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.
D) At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词sign of decline（没落的迹象）和the paper mill，由此可定位到D段第一句。该句中出现了dying mill center，题目中的decline是对原文dying的同义替换。题目是对D段这一内容的同义转述。
48. One reason the author's father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn't look that dark.
J) At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don't know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn't stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored,...
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词one reason，the drug store和didn’t look that dark，由此可定位到J段。题目中的one reason和didn’t look that dark分别对应原文J段的in part because和light-colored（颜色浅的）。题目是对J段这一内容的同义转述。
49. Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.
C) It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.
50. In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author's family managed to live a life of dignity.
I) "It's no disgrace to be colored," the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, "but it is awfully inconvenient." "We don't buy clothes we can't try on," she'd say when they declined, and we'd walk out in Mama's dignified (有尊严的) manner.
51. The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.
M) Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn't so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn't quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn't hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.
52. The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.
B) People were always proud to be from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词pride和natural beauty，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了proud和beautiful location，对应题目中的pride和natural beauty。“We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.”的意思是，在美国没有比皮德蒙特更美丽的地方了。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
53. Colored people called white people by the business they did.
H) Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词called white people by the business they did，由此定位到H段。H段中出现了by their trade，对应题目中的by the business they did。H段的called white people by their trade意思是“根据人们所从事的行业称呼他们”。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.
E) All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That's what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词manual jobs at the paper mill，由此可定位到E段。E段中的loading paper into trucks意思是“把纸搬到卡车上”，也就是说皮德蒙特的黑人在造纸厂从事繁重的体力劳动，对应题目中的heavy manual jobs。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
55. The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods.
G) Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hail. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party. The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right. Everybody would leave early.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了showed up，对应题目中的presence。原文说，当有些白人出现在不属于他们的黑人的黑人退伍军人协会大厅、黑人举办的派对或晚会时，黑人的世界似乎就受到影响了。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
12、47. There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
答案解析：46. The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.
F) Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring (打鼾) right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词separated neighborhood 和 casual and cozy(舒适的)，由此可定位到F段。F段第一句出现了neighborhoods that were clearly separated，casual and cozy是对F段最后一句话的概括。题目是对F段这一内容的概括归纳。
47. There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.
D) At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词sign of decline（没落的迹象）和the paper mill，由此可定位到D段第一句。该句中出现了dying mill center，题目中的decline是对原文dying的同义替换。题目是对D段这一内容的同义转述。
48. One reason the author's father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn't look that dark.
J) At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don't know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn't stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored,...
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词one reason，the drug store和didn’t look that dark，由此可定位到J段。题目中的one reason和didn’t look that dark分别对应原文J段的in part because和light-colored（颜色浅的）。题目是对J段这一内容的同义转述。
49. Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.
C) It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.
50. In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author's family managed to live a life of dignity.
I) "It's no disgrace to be colored," the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, "but it is awfully inconvenient." "We don't buy clothes we can't try on," she'd say when they declined, and we'd walk out in Mama's dignified (有尊严的) manner.
51. The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.
M) Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn't so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn't quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn't hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.
52. The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.
B) People were always proud to be from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词pride和natural beauty，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了proud和beautiful location，对应题目中的pride和natural beauty。“We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.”的意思是，在美国没有比皮德蒙特更美丽的地方了。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
53. Colored people called white people by the business they did.
H) Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词called white people by the business they did，由此定位到H段。H段中出现了by their trade，对应题目中的by the business they did。H段的called white people by their trade意思是“根据人们所从事的行业称呼他们”。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.
E) All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That's what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词manual jobs at the paper mill，由此可定位到E段。E段中的loading paper into trucks意思是“把纸搬到卡车上”，也就是说皮德蒙特的黑人在造纸厂从事繁重的体力劳动，对应题目中的heavy manual jobs。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
55. The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods.
G) Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hail. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party. The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right. Everybody would leave early.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了showed up，对应题目中的presence。原文说，当有些白人出现在不属于他们的黑人的黑人退伍军人协会大厅、黑人举办的派对或晚会时，黑人的世界似乎就受到影响了。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
13、48. One reason the author's father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn't look that dark.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
答案解析：46. The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.
F) Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring (打鼾) right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词separated neighborhood 和 casual and cozy(舒适的)，由此可定位到F段。F段第一句出现了neighborhoods that were clearly separated，casual and cozy是对F段最后一句话的概括。题目是对F段这一内容的概括归纳。
47. There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.
D) At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词sign of decline（没落的迹象）和the paper mill，由此可定位到D段第一句。该句中出现了dying mill center，题目中的decline是对原文dying的同义替换。题目是对D段这一内容的同义转述。
48. One reason the author's father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn't look that dark.
J) At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don't know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn't stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored,...
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词one reason，the drug store和didn’t look that dark，由此可定位到J段。题目中的one reason和didn’t look that dark分别对应原文J段的in part because和light-colored（颜色浅的）。题目是对J段这一内容的同义转述。
49. Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.
C) It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.
50. In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author's family managed to live a life of dignity.
I) "It's no disgrace to be colored," the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, "but it is awfully inconvenient." "We don't buy clothes we can't try on," she'd say when they declined, and we'd walk out in Mama's dignified (有尊严的) manner.
51. The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.
M) Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn't so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn't quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn't hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.
52. The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.
B) People were always proud to be from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词pride和natural beauty，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了proud和beautiful location，对应题目中的pride和natural beauty。“We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.”的意思是，在美国没有比皮德蒙特更美丽的地方了。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
53. Colored people called white people by the business they did.
H) Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词called white people by the business they did，由此定位到H段。H段中出现了by their trade，对应题目中的by the business they did。H段的called white people by their trade意思是“根据人们所从事的行业称呼他们”。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.
E) All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That's what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词manual jobs at the paper mill，由此可定位到E段。E段中的loading paper into trucks意思是“把纸搬到卡车上”，也就是说皮德蒙特的黑人在造纸厂从事繁重的体力劳动，对应题目中的heavy manual jobs。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
55. The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods.
G) Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hail. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party. The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right. Everybody would leave early.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了showed up，对应题目中的presence。原文说，当有些白人出现在不属于他们的黑人的黑人退伍军人协会大厅、黑人举办的派对或晚会时，黑人的世界似乎就受到影响了。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
14、49. Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
答案解析：46. The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.
F) Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring (打鼾) right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词separated neighborhood 和 casual and cozy(舒适的)，由此可定位到F段。F段第一句出现了neighborhoods that were clearly separated，casual and cozy是对F段最后一句话的概括。题目是对F段这一内容的概括归纳。
47. There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.
D) At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词sign of decline（没落的迹象）和the paper mill，由此可定位到D段第一句。该句中出现了dying mill center，题目中的decline是对原文dying的同义替换。题目是对D段这一内容的同义转述。
48. One reason the author's father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn't look that dark.
J) At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don't know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn't stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored,...
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词one reason，the drug store和didn’t look that dark，由此可定位到J段。题目中的one reason和didn’t look that dark分别对应原文J段的in part because和light-colored（颜色浅的）。题目是对J段这一内容的同义转述。
49. Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.
C) It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.
50. In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author's family managed to live a life of dignity.
I) "It's no disgrace to be colored," the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, "but it is awfully inconvenient." "We don't buy clothes we can't try on," she'd say when they declined, and we'd walk out in Mama's dignified (有尊严的) manner.
51. The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.
M) Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn't so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn't quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn't hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.
52. The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.
B) People were always proud to be from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词pride和natural beauty，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了proud和beautiful location，对应题目中的pride和natural beauty。“We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.”的意思是，在美国没有比皮德蒙特更美丽的地方了。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
53. Colored people called white people by the business they did.
H) Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词called white people by the business they did，由此定位到H段。H段中出现了by their trade，对应题目中的by the business they did。H段的called white people by their trade意思是“根据人们所从事的行业称呼他们”。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.
E) All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That's what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词manual jobs at the paper mill，由此可定位到E段。E段中的loading paper into trucks意思是“把纸搬到卡车上”，也就是说皮德蒙特的黑人在造纸厂从事繁重的体力劳动，对应题目中的heavy manual jobs。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
55. The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods.
G) Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hail. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party. The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right. Everybody would leave early.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了showed up，对应题目中的presence。原文说，当有些白人出现在不属于他们的黑人的黑人退伍军人协会大厅、黑人举办的派对或晚会时，黑人的世界似乎就受到影响了。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
15、50. In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author's family managed to live a life of dignity.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
答案解析：46. The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.
F) Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring (打鼾) right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词separated neighborhood 和 casual and cozy(舒适的)，由此可定位到F段。F段第一句出现了neighborhoods that were clearly separated，casual and cozy是对F段最后一句话的概括。题目是对F段这一内容的概括归纳。
47. There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.
D) At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词sign of decline（没落的迹象）和the paper mill，由此可定位到D段第一句。该句中出现了dying mill center，题目中的decline是对原文dying的同义替换。题目是对D段这一内容的同义转述。
48. One reason the author's father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn't look that dark.
J) At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don't know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn't stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored,...
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词one reason，the drug store和didn’t look that dark，由此可定位到J段。题目中的one reason和didn’t look that dark分别对应原文J段的in part because和light-colored（颜色浅的）。题目是对J段这一内容的同义转述。
49. Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.
C) It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.
50. In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author's family managed to live a life of dignity.
I) "It's no disgrace to be colored," the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, "but it is awfully inconvenient." "We don't buy clothes we can't try on," she'd say when they declined, and we'd walk out in Mama's dignified (有尊严的) manner.
51. The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.
M) Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn't so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn't quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn't hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.
52. The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.
B) People were always proud to be from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词pride和natural beauty，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了proud和beautiful location，对应题目中的pride和natural beauty。“We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.”的意思是，在美国没有比皮德蒙特更美丽的地方了。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
53. Colored people called white people by the business they did.
H) Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词called white people by the business they did，由此定位到H段。H段中出现了by their trade，对应题目中的by the business they did。H段的called white people by their trade意思是“根据人们所从事的行业称呼他们”。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.
E) All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That's what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词manual jobs at the paper mill，由此可定位到E段。E段中的loading paper into trucks意思是“把纸搬到卡车上”，也就是说皮德蒙特的黑人在造纸厂从事繁重的体力劳动，对应题目中的heavy manual jobs。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
55. The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods.
G) Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hail. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party. The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right. Everybody would leave early.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了showed up，对应题目中的presence。原文说，当有些白人出现在不属于他们的黑人的黑人退伍军人协会大厅、黑人举办的派对或晚会时，黑人的世界似乎就受到影响了。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
16、51. The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
答案解析：46. The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.
F) Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring (打鼾) right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词separated neighborhood 和 casual and cozy(舒适的)，由此可定位到F段。F段第一句出现了neighborhoods that were clearly separated，casual and cozy是对F段最后一句话的概括。题目是对F段这一内容的概括归纳。
47. There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.
D) At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词sign of decline（没落的迹象）和the paper mill，由此可定位到D段第一句。该句中出现了dying mill center，题目中的decline是对原文dying的同义替换。题目是对D段这一内容的同义转述。
48. One reason the author's father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn't look that dark.
J) At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don't know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn't stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored,...
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词one reason，the drug store和didn’t look that dark，由此可定位到J段。题目中的one reason和didn’t look that dark分别对应原文J段的in part because和light-colored（颜色浅的）。题目是对J段这一内容的同义转述。
49. Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.
C) It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.
50. In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author's family managed to live a life of dignity.
I) "It's no disgrace to be colored," the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, "but it is awfully inconvenient." "We don't buy clothes we can't try on," she'd say when they declined, and we'd walk out in Mama's dignified (有尊严的) manner.
51. The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.
M) Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn't so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn't quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn't hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.
52. The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.
B) People were always proud to be from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词pride和natural beauty，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了proud和beautiful location，对应题目中的pride和natural beauty。“We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.”的意思是，在美国没有比皮德蒙特更美丽的地方了。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
53. Colored people called white people by the business they did.
H) Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词called white people by the business they did，由此定位到H段。H段中出现了by their trade，对应题目中的by the business they did。H段的called white people by their trade意思是“根据人们所从事的行业称呼他们”。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.
E) All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That's what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词manual jobs at the paper mill，由此可定位到E段。E段中的loading paper into trucks意思是“把纸搬到卡车上”，也就是说皮德蒙特的黑人在造纸厂从事繁重的体力劳动，对应题目中的heavy manual jobs。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
55. The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods.
G) Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hail. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party. The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right. Everybody would leave early.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了showed up，对应题目中的presence。原文说，当有些白人出现在不属于他们的黑人的黑人退伍军人协会大厅、黑人举办的派对或晚会时，黑人的世界似乎就受到影响了。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
17、52. The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
答案解析：46. The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.
F) Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring (打鼾) right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词separated neighborhood 和 casual and cozy(舒适的)，由此可定位到F段。F段第一句出现了neighborhoods that were clearly separated，casual and cozy是对F段最后一句话的概括。题目是对F段这一内容的概括归纳。
47. There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.
D) At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词sign of decline（没落的迹象）和the paper mill，由此可定位到D段第一句。该句中出现了dying mill center，题目中的decline是对原文dying的同义替换。题目是对D段这一内容的同义转述。
48. One reason the author's father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn't look that dark.
J) At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don't know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn't stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored,...
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词one reason，the drug store和didn’t look that dark，由此可定位到J段。题目中的one reason和didn’t look that dark分别对应原文J段的in part because和light-colored（颜色浅的）。题目是对J段这一内容的同义转述。
49. Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.
C) It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.
50. In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author's family managed to live a life of dignity.
I) "It's no disgrace to be colored," the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, "but it is awfully inconvenient." "We don't buy clothes we can't try on," she'd say when they declined, and we'd walk out in Mama's dignified (有尊严的) manner.
51. The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.
M) Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn't so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn't quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn't hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.
52. The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.
B) People were always proud to be from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词pride和natural beauty，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了proud和beautiful location，对应题目中的pride和natural beauty。“We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.”的意思是，在美国没有比皮德蒙特更美丽的地方了。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
53. Colored people called white people by the business they did.
H) Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词called white people by the business they did，由此定位到H段。H段中出现了by their trade，对应题目中的by the business they did。H段的called white people by their trade意思是“根据人们所从事的行业称呼他们”。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.
E) All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That's what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词manual jobs at the paper mill，由此可定位到E段。E段中的loading paper into trucks意思是“把纸搬到卡车上”，也就是说皮德蒙特的黑人在造纸厂从事繁重的体力劳动，对应题目中的heavy manual jobs。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
55. The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods.
G) Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hail. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party. The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right. Everybody would leave early.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了showed up，对应题目中的presence。原文说，当有些白人出现在不属于他们的黑人的黑人退伍军人协会大厅、黑人举办的派对或晚会时，黑人的世界似乎就受到影响了。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
18、53. Colored people called white people by the business they did.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
答案解析：46. The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.
F) Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring (打鼾) right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词separated neighborhood 和 casual and cozy(舒适的)，由此可定位到F段。F段第一句出现了neighborhoods that were clearly separated，casual and cozy是对F段最后一句话的概括。题目是对F段这一内容的概括归纳。
47. There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.
D) At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词sign of decline（没落的迹象）和the paper mill，由此可定位到D段第一句。该句中出现了dying mill center，题目中的decline是对原文dying的同义替换。题目是对D段这一内容的同义转述。
48. One reason the author's father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn't look that dark.
J) At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don't know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn't stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored,...
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词one reason，the drug store和didn’t look that dark，由此可定位到J段。题目中的one reason和didn’t look that dark分别对应原文J段的in part because和light-colored（颜色浅的）。题目是对J段这一内容的同义转述。
49. Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.
C) It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.
50. In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author's family managed to live a life of dignity.
I) "It's no disgrace to be colored," the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, "but it is awfully inconvenient." "We don't buy clothes we can't try on," she'd say when they declined, and we'd walk out in Mama's dignified (有尊严的) manner.
51. The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.
M) Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn't so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn't quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn't hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.
52. The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.
B) People were always proud to be from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词pride和natural beauty，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了proud和beautiful location，对应题目中的pride和natural beauty。“We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.”的意思是，在美国没有比皮德蒙特更美丽的地方了。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
53. Colored people called white people by the business they did.
H) Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词called white people by the business they did，由此定位到H段。H段中出现了by their trade，对应题目中的by the business they did。H段的called white people by their trade意思是“根据人们所从事的行业称呼他们”。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.
E) All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That's what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词manual jobs at the paper mill，由此可定位到E段。E段中的loading paper into trucks意思是“把纸搬到卡车上”，也就是说皮德蒙特的黑人在造纸厂从事繁重的体力劳动，对应题目中的heavy manual jobs。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
55. The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods.
G) Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hail. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party. The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right. Everybody would leave early.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了showed up，对应题目中的presence。原文说，当有些白人出现在不属于他们的黑人的黑人退伍军人协会大厅、黑人举办的派对或晚会时，黑人的世界似乎就受到影响了。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
19、54. Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
答案解析：46. The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.
F) Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring (打鼾) right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词separated neighborhood 和 casual and cozy(舒适的)，由此可定位到F段。F段第一句出现了neighborhoods that were clearly separated，casual and cozy是对F段最后一句话的概括。题目是对F段这一内容的概括归纳。
47. There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.
D) At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词sign of decline（没落的迹象）和the paper mill，由此可定位到D段第一句。该句中出现了dying mill center，题目中的decline是对原文dying的同义替换。题目是对D段这一内容的同义转述。
48. One reason the author's father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn't look that dark.
J) At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don't know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn't stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored,...
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词one reason，the drug store和didn’t look that dark，由此可定位到J段。题目中的one reason和didn’t look that dark分别对应原文J段的in part because和light-colored（颜色浅的）。题目是对J段这一内容的同义转述。
49. Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.
C) It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.
50. In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author's family managed to live a life of dignity.
I) "It's no disgrace to be colored," the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, "but it is awfully inconvenient." "We don't buy clothes we can't try on," she'd say when they declined, and we'd walk out in Mama's dignified (有尊严的) manner.
51. The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.
M) Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn't so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn't quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn't hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.
52. The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.
B) People were always proud to be from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词pride和natural beauty，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了proud和beautiful location，对应题目中的pride和natural beauty。“We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.”的意思是，在美国没有比皮德蒙特更美丽的地方了。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
53. Colored people called white people by the business they did.
H) Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词called white people by the business they did，由此定位到H段。H段中出现了by their trade，对应题目中的by the business they did。H段的called white people by their trade意思是“根据人们所从事的行业称呼他们”。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.
E) All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That's what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词manual jobs at the paper mill，由此可定位到E段。E段中的loading paper into trucks意思是“把纸搬到卡车上”，也就是说皮德蒙特的黑人在造纸厂从事繁重的体力劳动，对应题目中的heavy manual jobs。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
55. The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods.
G) Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hail. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party. The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right. Everybody would leave early.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了showed up，对应题目中的presence。原文说，当有些白人出现在不属于他们的黑人的黑人退伍军人协会大厅、黑人举办的派对或晚会时，黑人的世界似乎就受到影响了。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
20、55. The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
答案解析：46. The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.
F) Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring (打鼾) right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词separated neighborhood 和 casual and cozy(舒适的)，由此可定位到F段。F段第一句出现了neighborhoods that were clearly separated，casual and cozy是对F段最后一句话的概括。题目是对F段这一内容的概括归纳。
47. There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.
D) At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词sign of decline（没落的迹象）和the paper mill，由此可定位到D段第一句。该句中出现了dying mill center，题目中的decline是对原文dying的同义替换。题目是对D段这一内容的同义转述。
48. One reason the author's father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn't look that dark.
J) At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don't know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn't stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored,...
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词one reason，the drug store和didn’t look that dark，由此可定位到J段。题目中的one reason和didn’t look that dark分别对应原文J段的in part because和light-colored（颜色浅的）。题目是对J段这一内容的同义转述。
49. Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.
C) It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.
50. In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author's family managed to live a life of dignity.
I) "It's no disgrace to be colored," the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, "but it is awfully inconvenient." "We don't buy clothes we can't try on," she'd say when they declined, and we'd walk out in Mama's dignified (有尊严的) manner.
51. The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.
M) Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn't so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn't quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn't hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.
52. The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.
B) People were always proud to be from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词pride和natural beauty，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了proud和beautiful location，对应题目中的pride和natural beauty。“We knew God gave America no more beautiful location.”的意思是，在美国没有比皮德蒙特更美丽的地方了。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
53. Colored people called white people by the business they did.
H) Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词called white people by the business they did，由此定位到H段。H段中出现了by their trade，对应题目中的by the business they did。H段的called white people by their trade意思是“根据人们所从事的行业称呼他们”。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.
E) All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That's what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词manual jobs at the paper mill，由此可定位到E段。E段中的loading paper into trucks意思是“把纸搬到卡车上”，也就是说皮德蒙特的黑人在造纸厂从事繁重的体力劳动，对应题目中的heavy manual jobs。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
55. The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods.
G) Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hail. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party. The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right. Everybody would leave early.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了showed up，对应题目中的presence。原文说，当有些白人出现在不属于他们的黑人的黑人退伍军人协会大厅、黑人举办的派对或晚会时，黑人的世界似乎就受到影响了。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
Part III Reading Comprehension
Children are a delight. They are our future. But sadly, hiring someone to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year.
Earlier this month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant or small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strips of the country where daycare for an infant costs more than a tenth of the average married couple’s income.
This is not necessarily a new trend, but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The price of professional childcare has been rising since the 1980s. Yet during that time, pay for professional childcare workers has stood still. Actually caregivers make less today, in real terms, than they did in 1990. Considering that labor costs are responsible for up to 80% of a daycare center’s expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices.
So who’s to blame for higher childcare costs?
Childcare is a carefully regulated industry. States lay down rules about how many children each employee is allowed to watch over, the space care centers need per child, and other minute details. And the stricter the regulations, the higher the costs. If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can’t really achieve any economies of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up. In Massachusetts, where childcare centers must hire one teacher for every three infants, the price of care averaged more than $16,000 per year. In Mississippi, where centers must hire one teacher for every five infants, the price of care averaged less than $5,000.
Unfortunately, I don’t have all the daycare-center regulations handy. But I wouldn’t be surprised if as the rules have become more elaborate, prices have risen. The tradeoff (交换) might be worth it in some cases; after all, the health and safety of children should probably come before cheap service. But certainly, it doesn’t seem to be an accident that some of the cheapest daycare available is in the least regulated South.
21、56. What problem do parents of small kids have to face?
A The ever-rising childcare prices.
B The budgeting of family expenses.
C The balance between work and family.
D The selection of a good daycare center.
答案解析：
56. A) The ever-rising childcare prices.
解析：题干中问的是有小孩的父母必须面对什么问题，根据题干中的关键词problem和small kids定位到第一段第三句“But sadly, hiring someone to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year.” 句意为：但遗憾的是，在你去上班的时候雇一个人来照顾他们的费用会越来越贵。A选项的意思是“越来越高的儿童保育价格”。符合原文意思，由此选A。B项中的家庭开支预算，C项中的工作与家庭之间的平衡，和D项中的选择一个好的日托中心，都没有在原文提到。
22、57. What does the author feel puzzled about?
A Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.
B Why increased childcare prices have not led to better service.
C Why childcare workers' pay has not increased with the rising childcare costs.
D Why there is a severe shortage of childcare professionals in a number of states.
答案解析：
57. C) Why childcare workers' pay has not increased with the rising childcare costs.
23、58. What prevents childcare centers from saving money?
A Steady increase in labor costs.
B Strict government regulations.
C Lack of support from the state.
D High administrative expenses.
答案解析：
58. B) Strict government regulations.
解析：题干中问是什么阻碍了育儿中心节省开支，根据关键词childcare centers和saving money可定位到第五段。第五段第三句“And the stricter the regulations, the higher the costs.”指出，政府制定的法规越严格，保育费用就越高，因此选B。A项逐渐上升的劳动力成本，C项缺乏国家支持，和D项管理费用高，都没有在原文中提到。
24、59. Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than in Massachusetts?
A The overall quality of service is not as good.
B Payments for caregivers there are not as high.
C Living expenses there are comparatively low.
D Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.
答案解析：
59. D) Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.
Alex Pang’s amusing new book The Distraction Addiction addresses those of us who feel panic without a cellphone or computer. And that, he claims, is pretty much all of us. When we’re not online, where we spend four months annually, we’re engaged in the stressful work of trying to get online.
The Distraction Addiction is not framed as a self-help book. It’s a thoughtful examination of the dangers of our computing overdose and a historical overview of how technological advances change consciousness. A “professional futurist”, Pang urges an approach which he calls “contemplative (沉思的) computing.” He asks that you pay full attention to “how your mind and body interact with computers and how your attention and creativity are influenced by technology.”
Pang’s first job is to free you from the common misconception that doing two things at once allows you to get more done. What is commonly called multitasking is, in fact, switch-tasking, and its harmful effects on productivity are well documented. Pang doesn’t advocate returning to a pre-Internet world. Instead, he asks you to “take a more ecological (生态的) view of your relationships with technologies and look for ways devices or media may be making specific tasks easier or faster but at the same time making your work and life harder.”
The Distraction Addiction is particularly fascinating on how technologies have changed certain fields of labor-often for the worse. For architects, computer-aided design has become essential but in some ways has cheapened the design process. As one architect puts it, “Architecture is first and foremost about thinking.., and drawing is a more productive way of thinking” than computer-aided design.
Somewhat less amusing are Pang’s solutions for kicking the Internet habit. He recommends the usual behavior-modification approaches, familiar to anyone who has completed a not smoking program. Keep logs to study your online profile and decide what you can knock out, download a program like Freedom that locks you out of your browser, or take a “digital Sabbath (安息日)”: “Unless you’re a reporter or emergency-department doctor, you’ll discover that your world doesn’t fall apart when you go offline.”
26、61. Alex Pang's new book is aimed for readers who __________.
A find their work online too stressful
B go online mainly for entertainment
C are fearful about using the cellphone or computer
D can hardly tear themselves away from the Internet
答案解析：
61. D) can hardly tear themselves away from the Internet
解析：题干问道Alex Pang的新书针对什么样的读者的？根据题目中的Alex Pang’s new book和aimed at可定位到第一段第一句“Alex Pang’s amusing new book The Distraction Addiction addresses those of us who feel panic without a cellphone or computer.”原文是说，这本书是针对那些没有手机或电脑就会恐慌的人，也就是指不能离开网络的人，因此选D。A项在网上找工作压力太大，B项上网主要是为了娱乐，C项害怕使用手机或者电脑，都与原文不不符。
27、62. What does Alex Pang try to do in his new book?
A Offer advice on how to use the Internet effectively.
B Warn people of the possible dangers of Internet use.
C Predict the trend of future technological development.
D Examine the influence of technology on the human mind.
答案解析：
62. D) Examine the influence of technology on the human mind.
解析：题干问Alex Pang在他的新书中试图做什么？题干中的try to do和new book定位到第二段第一、二句“The Distraction Addiction is not framed as a self-help book. It’s a thoughtful examination of the dangers of our computing overdose and a historical overview of how technological advances change consciousness.” 这本书是检验过度使用电脑的危害和科技进步改变人类意识的历史综述，因此选D。A项就如何有效使用互联网提出建议，B项警告人们使用互联网可能存在的危险，和C项预测未来技术发展的趋势，都没有在原文提到。
28、63. What is the common view on multitasking?
A It enables people to work more effectively.
B It is in a way quite similar to switch-tasking.
C It makes people's work and life even harder.
D It distracts people's attention from useful work.
答案解析：
63. A) It enables people to work more effectively.
解析：题干问多任务处理的共同观点是什么？根据题干中的common view on multitasking（多任务处理）定位到第三段第一句“Pang’s first job is to free you from the common misconception that doing two things at once allows you to get more done. ” Pang的第一份工作是让人们消除一种常见的误解，就是同时做两件事会让你做的更多。选项A是对这一句的概括，人们误以为同时做两件事会完成更多的事，因此选A。B项这与切换任务非常类似，C项它使人们的工作和生活变得更加困难，和D项它分散了人们对有用工作的注意力，都没有在原文中提到。
29、64. What does the author think of computer-aided design?
A It considerably cuts down the cost of building design.
B It somewhat restrains architects' productive thinking.
C It is indispensable in architects' work process.
D It can free architects from laborious drawing.
答案解析：
64. B) It somewhat restrains architects' productive thinking.
解析：题干问道作者认为计算机辅助设计是什么？根据题干中的computer-aided design定位至第四段第二、三句“For architects, computer-aided design has become essential but in some ways has cheapened the design process. As one architect puts it, “Architecture is first and foremost about thinking.., and drawing is a more productive way of thinking” than computer-aided design.”原文指出，对于建筑师来说，计算机辅助设计已经变得至关重要，但在某些方面已经降低了设计过程。正如一位建筑师所说的，“建筑首先是关于思考，而绘画是一种比计算机辅助设计更有效率的思维方式”，因此选B。A项它大大降低了建筑设计的成本，C项它在建筑师的工作过程中是不可缺少的，和D项它可以使建筑师免于费力的绘画，都没有在原文中提到。
30、65. What is Alex Pang's recommendation for Internet users?
A They use the Internet as little as possible.
B They keep a record of their computer use time.
C They exercise self-control over their time online.
D They entertain themselves online on off-days only.
答案解析：
65. C) They exercise self-control over their time online.
