For decades, Americans have taken for granted the United States' leadership position in the development of new technologies. The innovations (创新) that resulted from research and development during World War Ⅱ and afterwards were (36)_____ to the prosperity of the nation in the second half of the 20th century. Those innovations, upon which virtually all aspects of (37)_____ society now depend,were possible because the United States then (38)_____ the world in mathematics and science education. Today, however, despite increasing demand for workers with strong skills in mathematics and science,the (39)_____ of degrees awarded in science, math, and engineering are decreasing.
The decline in degree production in what are called the STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, and math) seems to be (40)_____ related to the comparatively weak performance by U.S. schoolchildren on international assessments of math and science. Many students entering college have weak skills in mathematics. According to the 2005 report of the Business-Higher Education Forum, 22 percent of college freshmen must take remedial (补习的) math (41)_____, and less than half of the students who plan to major in science or engineering (42)_____ complete a major in those fields.
The result has been a decrease in the number of American college graduates who have the skills, (43)_____ in mathematics, to power a workforce that can keep the country at the forefront (前沿) of innovation and maintain its standard of living. With the (44)_____ performance of American students in math and science has come increased competition from students from other countries that have strongly supported education in these areas. Many more students earn (45)_____ in the STEM disciplines in developing countries than in the United States.
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为介词of，空格处需要填入名词的复数形式。备选项有courses（课程）、degrees（学位）、procedures（进程）、spheres（球体）。根据语义，在科学、数学和工程中授予学位的比例在下降，the proportions of degrees表示“学位的比例”。故本空应填入proportins。
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为介词of，空格处需要填入名词的复数形式。备选项有courses（课程）、degrees（学位）、procedures（进程）、spheres（球体）。根据语义，在科学、数学和工程中授予学位的比例在下降，the proportions of degrees表示“学位的比例”。故本空应填入proportins。
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为介词of，空格处需要填入名词的复数形式。备选项有courses（课程）、degrees（学位）、procedures（进程）、spheres（球体）。根据语义，在科学、数学和工程中授予学位的比例在下降，the proportions of degrees表示“学位的比例”。故本空应填入proportins。
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为介词of，空格处需要填入名词的复数形式。备选项有courses（课程）、degrees（学位）、procedures（进程）、spheres（球体）。根据语义，在科学、数学和工程中授予学位的比例在下降，the proportions of degrees表示“学位的比例”。故本空应填入proportins。
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为介词of，空格处需要填入名词的复数形式。备选项有courses（课程）、degrees（学位）、procedures（进程）、spheres（球体）。根据语义，在科学、数学和工程中授予学位的比例在下降，the proportions of degrees表示“学位的比例”。故本空应填入proportins。
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为介词of，空格处需要填入名词的复数形式。备选项有courses（课程）、degrees（学位）、procedures（进程）、spheres（球体）。根据语义，在科学、数学和工程中授予学位的比例在下降，the proportions of degrees表示“学位的比例”。故本空应填入proportins。
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为介词of，空格处需要填入名词的复数形式。备选项有courses（课程）、degrees（学位）、procedures（进程）、spheres（球体）。根据语义，在科学、数学和工程中授予学位的比例在下降，the proportions of degrees表示“学位的比例”。故本空应填入proportins。
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为介词of，空格处需要填入名词的复数形式。备选项有courses（课程）、degrees（学位）、procedures（进程）、spheres（球体）。根据语义，在科学、数学和工程中授予学位的比例在下降，the proportions of degrees表示“学位的比例”。故本空应填入proportins。
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为介词of，空格处需要填入名词的复数形式。备选项有courses（课程）、degrees（学位）、procedures（进程）、spheres（球体）。根据语义，在科学、数学和工程中授予学位的比例在下降，the proportions of degrees表示“学位的比例”。故本空应填入proportins。
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为介词of，空格处需要填入名词的复数形式。备选项有courses（课程）、degrees（学位）、procedures（进程）、spheres（球体）。根据语义，在科学、数学和工程中授予学位的比例在下降，the proportions of degrees表示“学位的比例”。故本空应填入proportins。
Ban Sugary Drinks—That Will Add Fuel to the Obesity War
【A】On a train last Thursday, I sat opposite a man who was so fat he filled more than one seat. He was pale and disfigured and looked sick to death, which he probably was: obesity (肥胖症) leads to many nasty ways of dying. Looking around the carriage, I saw quite a few people like him, including a couple of fatty children with swollen cheeks pressing against their eyes. These people are part of what is without exaggeration an epidemic (流行病) of obesity.
【B】But it is quite unnecessary: there is a simple idea—far from new—that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic (长期病) ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service (NHS) at least £14 billion a year in England and Wales. There would, you might think, be considerable public interest in it. This simple idea is that sugar is as good—or as bad—as poison and should be avoided. It is pure, white and deadly, as Professor John Yudkin described it 40 years ago in a revolutionary book of that name. The subtitle was How Sugar Is Killing Us.
【C】In its countless hidden forms, in ready meals, junk food and sweet drinks, sugar leads to addiction (瘾), to hormonal upsets to the appetite, to metabolic (新陈代谢的) malfunctions and obesity and from there to type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) and its many horrible complications. If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the “fat man of Europe”. They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff. Yet so far this idea has met little but resistance.
【D】It is not difficult to imagine the vested interests (既得利益集团) lined up against any sugar control—all the food and drink manufacturers, processors, promoters and retailers who make such easy pickings out of the magic powers of sugar. Then there are the liberals, with whom I would normally side, who protest that government regulation would be yet another instance of interference in our lives.
【E】That is true, but people should realise that you cannot have a welfare state without a nanny state (保姆国家), to some degree. If we are all to be responsible for one another’s health insurance, through socialised medicine, then we are all closely involved in one another’s health, including everyone’s eating and drinking. That has already been admitted, finally, with smoking. But it has yet to be admitted with overeating, even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050. Quite apart from anything else, obesity will cripple the NHS.
【F】Recently, though, there have been signs that the medical establishment is trying to sound the alarm. Last month the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges (AMRC) published a report saying that obesity is the greatest public health issue affecting the UK and urging government to do something.
【G】The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start. The amounts of sugar in soft drinks are horrifying, and turn straight to fat. As Professor Terence Stephenson, head of the AMRC, has said, sugary soft drinks are “the ultimate bad food. You are just consuming neat sugar. Your body didn’t evolve to handle this kind of thing.”
【H】Precisely. The risks of eating too much fat or salt (which are very different) pale into insignificance compared with the harm done by sugar. And it is everywhere.
【I】It is difficult to buy anything in a supermarket, other than plain, unprepared meat, fish or vegetables, that doesn’t have a large amount of sugar in it. This has come about because the prevailing scientific views of the 1960s and 1970s ignored the evidence about sugar, and instead saw fat as the really serious risk, both to the heart and other organs, as well as the cause of obesity.
【J】The fashion was to avoid fat. But finding that food with much of its fat removed is not very appetising, food producers turned to sugar as a magic alternative flavour enhancer, often in the forms of syrups (糖浆) that had recently been developed from corn, and put it generously into most prepared foods and soft drinks.
【K】This stuff is not just fattening. It is addictive. It interferes with the body’s metabolism, possibly via the activity of an appetite-controlling hormone. There’s plenty of evidence for this, for those who will accept the troth.
【L】Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid. So the snacking, over-drinking and over-eating that makes people fat is not really their own fault: obesity is in large part something that is being done to them. It should be stopped, or rather the government should stop it.
【M】Going round my local supermarket, I am constantly astonished that it is still legal to sell all the poisons stacked high on the shelves. The problem is that they are worse than useless. They are poisonous. They are known to be addictive. They are known to make people obese. And giving small children sweet drinks or bottles of fake juice all day long is nothing less than child abuse.
【N】Clearly, the sale of such stuff ought to be illegal. I hate to think of yet more government regulation. But a bit of tax on sweet soda and a little more health education, a bit of cooking in schools and banning vending machines (自动售货机) here and there—as suggested by the AMRC report—is not going to achieve very much. Labelling is quite inadequate. What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.
【O】In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS. However, nothing has happened yet. Why not have another Jammie Dodger biscuit and forget about it.
11、46. Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people's health as well as save medical expenses.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：46. Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people's health as well as save medical expenses.
B) that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic (长期病) ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service (NHS) at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词people’s health和medical expenses，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了chronic ill health和save at least ￡14 billion，对应题目中的people’s health和medical expenses。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
47. Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.
N) What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.
50. The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.
E) even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词obese people和increase quickly，由此可定位到E段。E段出现了obese和that number is predicted to double by the year 2050，分别对应题目中的obese people和increase quickly。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
51. If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.
C) If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the "fat man of Europe". They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词understood the horrible consequences和support government measures可定位到C段。C段中出现了grasped that，对应题目中undertood the horrible consequences，grasp意为“领会”。题目是对C段这一内容的同义转述。
52. It would be a very good beginning to impose an additional tax on sugary drinks.
G) The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词a very good beginning和impose and additional tax，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了an excellent start和imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks，分别对应题目中的a very good beginning和impose an additional tax。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
53. The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.
O) In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the government和regulate sugar consumption，由此定位到O段。O段中出现了not ruled out legislation，对应题目中的regulate sugar consumption。题目是对O段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.
H) The risks of eating too much fat or salt (which are very different) pale into insignificance compared with the harm done by sugar.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词fat and salt，由此可定位到H段。根据语义可知，吃太多脂肪或盐的风险与糖所造成的伤害相比微不足道。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
55. Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.
L) Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词cannot tell what food is sugary，由此可定位到L段。根据语义可知，糖类添加剂不容易识别，而且很难避免，sugar additives意为“糖类添加剂”。题目是对L段这一内容的同义转述。
12、47. Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：46. Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people's health as well as save medical expenses.
B) that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic (长期病) ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service (NHS) at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词people’s health和medical expenses，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了chronic ill health和save at least ￡14 billion，对应题目中的people’s health和medical expenses。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
47. Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.
N) What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.
50. The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.
E) even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词obese people和increase quickly，由此可定位到E段。E段出现了obese和that number is predicted to double by the year 2050，分别对应题目中的obese people和increase quickly。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
51. If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.
C) If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the "fat man of Europe". They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词understood the horrible consequences和support government measures可定位到C段。C段中出现了grasped that，对应题目中undertood the horrible consequences，grasp意为“领会”。题目是对C段这一内容的同义转述。
52. It would be a very good beginning to impose an additional tax on sugary drinks.
G) The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词a very good beginning和impose and additional tax，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了an excellent start和imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks，分别对应题目中的a very good beginning和impose an additional tax。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
53. The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.
O) In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the government和regulate sugar consumption，由此定位到O段。O段中出现了not ruled out legislation，对应题目中的regulate sugar consumption。题目是对O段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.
H) The risks of eating too much fat or salt (which are very different) pale into insignificance compared with the harm done by sugar.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词fat and salt，由此可定位到H段。根据语义可知，吃太多脂肪或盐的风险与糖所造成的伤害相比微不足道。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
55. Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.
L) Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词cannot tell what food is sugary，由此可定位到L段。根据语义可知，糖类添加剂不容易识别，而且很难避免，sugar additives意为“糖类添加剂”。题目是对L段这一内容的同义转述。
13、48. Giving small children sweet juices to drink all the time is equal to child abuse.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：46. Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people's health as well as save medical expenses.
B) that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic (长期病) ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service (NHS) at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词people’s health和medical expenses，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了chronic ill health和save at least ￡14 billion，对应题目中的people’s health和medical expenses。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
47. Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.
N) What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.
50. The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.
E) even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词obese people和increase quickly，由此可定位到E段。E段出现了obese和that number is predicted to double by the year 2050，分别对应题目中的obese people和increase quickly。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
51. If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.
C) If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the "fat man of Europe". They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词understood the horrible consequences和support government measures可定位到C段。C段中出现了grasped that，对应题目中undertood the horrible consequences，grasp意为“领会”。题目是对C段这一内容的同义转述。
52. It would be a very good beginning to impose an additional tax on sugary drinks.
G) The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词a very good beginning和impose and additional tax，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了an excellent start和imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks，分别对应题目中的a very good beginning和impose an additional tax。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
53. The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.
O) In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the government和regulate sugar consumption，由此定位到O段。O段中出现了not ruled out legislation，对应题目中的regulate sugar consumption。题目是对O段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.
H) The risks of eating too much fat or salt (which are very different) pale into insignificance compared with the harm done by sugar.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词fat and salt，由此可定位到H段。根据语义可知，吃太多脂肪或盐的风险与糖所造成的伤害相比微不足道。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
55. Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.
L) Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词cannot tell what food is sugary，由此可定位到L段。根据语义可知，糖类添加剂不容易识别，而且很难避免，sugar additives意为“糖类添加剂”。题目是对L段这一内容的同义转述。
14、49. Looking around, the author found obesity quite widespread.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：46. Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people's health as well as save medical expenses.
B) that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic (长期病) ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service (NHS) at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词people’s health和medical expenses，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了chronic ill health和save at least ￡14 billion，对应题目中的people’s health和medical expenses。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
47. Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.
N) What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.
50. The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.
E) even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词obese people和increase quickly，由此可定位到E段。E段出现了obese和that number is predicted to double by the year 2050，分别对应题目中的obese people和increase quickly。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
51. If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.
C) If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the "fat man of Europe". They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词understood the horrible consequences和support government measures可定位到C段。C段中出现了grasped that，对应题目中undertood the horrible consequences，grasp意为“领会”。题目是对C段这一内容的同义转述。
52. It would be a very good beginning to impose an additional tax on sugary drinks.
G) The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词a very good beginning和impose and additional tax，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了an excellent start和imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks，分别对应题目中的a very good beginning和impose an additional tax。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
53. The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.
O) In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the government和regulate sugar consumption，由此定位到O段。O段中出现了not ruled out legislation，对应题目中的regulate sugar consumption。题目是对O段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.
H) The risks of eating too much fat or salt (which are very different) pale into insignificance compared with the harm done by sugar.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词fat and salt，由此可定位到H段。根据语义可知，吃太多脂肪或盐的风险与糖所造成的伤害相比微不足道。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
55. Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.
L) Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词cannot tell what food is sugary，由此可定位到L段。根据语义可知，糖类添加剂不容易识别，而且很难避免，sugar additives意为“糖类添加剂”。题目是对L段这一内容的同义转述。
15、50. The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：46. Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people's health as well as save medical expenses.
B) that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic (长期病) ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service (NHS) at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词people’s health和medical expenses，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了chronic ill health和save at least ￡14 billion，对应题目中的people’s health和medical expenses。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
47. Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.
N) What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.
50. The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.
E) even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词obese people和increase quickly，由此可定位到E段。E段出现了obese和that number is predicted to double by the year 2050，分别对应题目中的obese people和increase quickly。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
51. If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.
C) If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the "fat man of Europe". They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词understood the horrible consequences和support government measures可定位到C段。C段中出现了grasped that，对应题目中undertood the horrible consequences，grasp意为“领会”。题目是对C段这一内容的同义转述。
52. It would be a very good beginning to impose an additional tax on sugary drinks.
G) The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词a very good beginning和impose and additional tax，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了an excellent start和imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks，分别对应题目中的a very good beginning和impose an additional tax。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
53. The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.
O) In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the government和regulate sugar consumption，由此定位到O段。O段中出现了not ruled out legislation，对应题目中的regulate sugar consumption。题目是对O段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.
H) The risks of eating too much fat or salt (which are very different) pale into insignificance compared with the harm done by sugar.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词fat and salt，由此可定位到H段。根据语义可知，吃太多脂肪或盐的风险与糖所造成的伤害相比微不足道。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
55. Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.
L) Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词cannot tell what food is sugary，由此可定位到L段。根据语义可知，糖类添加剂不容易识别，而且很难避免，sugar additives意为“糖类添加剂”。题目是对L段这一内容的同义转述。
16、51. If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：46. Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people's health as well as save medical expenses.
B) that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic (长期病) ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service (NHS) at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词people’s health和medical expenses，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了chronic ill health和save at least ￡14 billion，对应题目中的people’s health和medical expenses。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
47. Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.
N) What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.
50. The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.
E) even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词obese people和increase quickly，由此可定位到E段。E段出现了obese和that number is predicted to double by the year 2050，分别对应题目中的obese people和increase quickly。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
51. If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.
C) If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the "fat man of Europe". They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词understood the horrible consequences和support government measures可定位到C段。C段中出现了grasped that，对应题目中undertood the horrible consequences，grasp意为“领会”。题目是对C段这一内容的同义转述。
52. It would be a very good beginning to impose an additional tax on sugary drinks.
G) The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词a very good beginning和impose and additional tax，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了an excellent start和imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks，分别对应题目中的a very good beginning和impose an additional tax。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
53. The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.
O) In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the government和regulate sugar consumption，由此定位到O段。O段中出现了not ruled out legislation，对应题目中的regulate sugar consumption。题目是对O段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.
H) The risks of eating too much fat or salt (which are very different) pale into insignificance compared with the harm done by sugar.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词fat and salt，由此可定位到H段。根据语义可知，吃太多脂肪或盐的风险与糖所造成的伤害相比微不足道。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
55. Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.
L) Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词cannot tell what food is sugary，由此可定位到L段。根据语义可知，糖类添加剂不容易识别，而且很难避免，sugar additives意为“糖类添加剂”。题目是对L段这一内容的同义转述。
17、52. It would be a very good beginning to impose an additional tax on.sugary drinks.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：46. Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people's health as well as save medical expenses.
B) that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic (长期病) ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service (NHS) at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词people’s health和medical expenses，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了chronic ill health和save at least ￡14 billion，对应题目中的people’s health和medical expenses。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
47. Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.
N) What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.
50. The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.
E) even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词obese people和increase quickly，由此可定位到E段。E段出现了obese和that number is predicted to double by the year 2050，分别对应题目中的obese people和increase quickly。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
51. If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.
C) If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the "fat man of Europe". They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词understood the horrible consequences和support government measures可定位到C段。C段中出现了grasped that，对应题目中undertood the horrible consequences，grasp意为“领会”。题目是对C段这一内容的同义转述。
52. It would be a very good beginning to impose an additional tax on sugary drinks.
G) The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词a very good beginning和impose and additional tax，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了an excellent start和imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks，分别对应题目中的a very good beginning和impose an additional tax。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
53. The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.
O) In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the government和regulate sugar consumption，由此定位到O段。O段中出现了not ruled out legislation，对应题目中的regulate sugar consumption。题目是对O段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.
H) The risks of eating too much fat or salt (which are very different) pale into insignificance compared with the harm done by sugar.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词fat and salt，由此可定位到H段。根据语义可知，吃太多脂肪或盐的风险与糖所造成的伤害相比微不足道。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
55. Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.
L) Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词cannot tell what food is sugary，由此可定位到L段。根据语义可知，糖类添加剂不容易识别，而且很难避免，sugar additives意为“糖类添加剂”。题目是对L段这一内容的同义转述。
18、53. The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：46. Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people's health as well as save medical expenses.
B) that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic (长期病) ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service (NHS) at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词people’s health和medical expenses，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了chronic ill health和save at least ￡14 billion，对应题目中的people’s health和medical expenses。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
47. Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.
N) What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.
50. The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.
E) even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词obese people和increase quickly，由此可定位到E段。E段出现了obese和that number is predicted to double by the year 2050，分别对应题目中的obese people和increase quickly。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
51. If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.
C) If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the "fat man of Europe". They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词understood the horrible consequences和support government measures可定位到C段。C段中出现了grasped that，对应题目中undertood the horrible consequences，grasp意为“领会”。题目是对C段这一内容的同义转述。
52. It would be a very good beginning to impose an additional tax on sugary drinks.
G) The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词a very good beginning和impose and additional tax，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了an excellent start和imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks，分别对应题目中的a very good beginning和impose an additional tax。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
53. The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.
O) In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the government和regulate sugar consumption，由此定位到O段。O段中出现了not ruled out legislation，对应题目中的regulate sugar consumption。题目是对O段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.
H) The risks of eating too much fat or salt (which are very different) pale into insignificance compared with the harm done by sugar.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词fat and salt，由此可定位到H段。根据语义可知，吃太多脂肪或盐的风险与糖所造成的伤害相比微不足道。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
55. Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.
L) Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词cannot tell what food is sugary，由此可定位到L段。根据语义可知，糖类添加剂不容易识别，而且很难避免，sugar additives意为“糖类添加剂”。题目是对L段这一内容的同义转述。
19、54. Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：46. Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people's health as well as save medical expenses.
B) that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic (长期病) ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service (NHS) at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词people’s health和medical expenses，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了chronic ill health和save at least ￡14 billion，对应题目中的people’s health和medical expenses。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
47. Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.
N) What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.
50. The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.
E) even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词obese people和increase quickly，由此可定位到E段。E段出现了obese和that number is predicted to double by the year 2050，分别对应题目中的obese people和increase quickly。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
51. If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.
C) If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the "fat man of Europe". They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词understood the horrible consequences和support government measures可定位到C段。C段中出现了grasped that，对应题目中undertood the horrible consequences，grasp意为“领会”。题目是对C段这一内容的同义转述。
52. It would be a very good beginning to impose an additional tax on sugary drinks.
G) The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词a very good beginning和impose and additional tax，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了an excellent start和imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks，分别对应题目中的a very good beginning和impose an additional tax。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
53. The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.
O) In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the government和regulate sugar consumption，由此定位到O段。O段中出现了not ruled out legislation，对应题目中的regulate sugar consumption。题目是对O段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.
H) The risks of eating too much fat or salt (which are very different) pale into insignificance compared with the harm done by sugar.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词fat and salt，由此可定位到H段。根据语义可知，吃太多脂肪或盐的风险与糖所造成的伤害相比微不足道。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
55. Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.
L) Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词cannot tell what food is sugary，由此可定位到L段。根据语义可知，糖类添加剂不容易识别，而且很难避免，sugar additives意为“糖类添加剂”。题目是对L段这一内容的同义转述。
20、55. Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
N N
O O
答案解析：46. Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people's health as well as save medical expenses.
B) that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic (长期病) ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service (NHS) at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词people’s health和medical expenses，由此可定位到B段。B段中出现了chronic ill health和save at least ￡14 billion，对应题目中的people’s health和medical expenses。题目是对B段这一内容的同义转述。
47. Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.
N) What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.
50. The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.
E) even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词obese people和increase quickly，由此可定位到E段。E段出现了obese和that number is predicted to double by the year 2050，分别对应题目中的obese people和increase quickly。题目是对E段这一内容的同义转述。
51. If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.
C) If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the "fat man of Europe". They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词understood the horrible consequences和support government measures可定位到C段。C段中出现了grasped that，对应题目中undertood the horrible consequences，grasp意为“领会”。题目是对C段这一内容的同义转述。
52. It would be a very good beginning to impose an additional tax on sugary drinks.
G) The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词a very good beginning和impose and additional tax，由此可定位到G段。G段出现了an excellent start和imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks，分别对应题目中的a very good beginning和impose an additional tax。题目是对G段这一内容的同义转述。
53. The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.
O) In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词the government和regulate sugar consumption，由此定位到O段。O段中出现了not ruled out legislation，对应题目中的regulate sugar consumption。题目是对O段这一内容的同义转述。
54. Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.
H) The risks of eating too much fat or salt (which are very different) pale into insignificance compared with the harm done by sugar.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词fat and salt，由此可定位到H段。根据语义可知，吃太多脂肪或盐的风险与糖所造成的伤害相比微不足道。题目是对H段这一内容的同义转述。
55. Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.
L) Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid.
解析：首先在题目中找到定位词cannot tell what food is sugary，由此可定位到L段。根据语义可知，糖类添加剂不容易识别，而且很难避免，sugar additives意为“糖类添加剂”。题目是对L段这一内容的同义转述。
Part III Reading Comprehension
The rise of the Internet has been one of the most transformative developments in human history, comparable in impact to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph. Over two billion people worldwide now have access to vastly more information than ever before, and can communicate with each other instantly, often using Web-connected mobile devices they carry everywhere. But the Internet’s tremendous impact has only just begun.
“Mass adoption of the Internet is driving one of the most exciting social, cultural, and political transformations in history, and unlike earlier periods of change, this time the effects are fully global,” Schmidt and Cohen write in their new book, The New Digital Age.
Perhaps the most profound changes will come when the five billion people worldwide who currently lack Internet access get online. The authors do an excellent job of examining the implications of the Internet revolution for individuals, governments, and institutions like the news media. But if the book has one major shortcoming, it’s that the authors don’t spend enough time applying a critical eye to the role of Internet businesses in these sweeping changes.
In their book, the authors provide the most authoritative volume to date that describes—and more importantly predicts—how the Internet will shape our lives in the coming decades. They paint a picture of a world in which individuals, companies, institutions, and governments must deal with two realities, one physical, and one virtual.
At the core of the book is the idea that “technology is neutral, but people aren’t.” By using this concept as a starting point, the authors aim to move beyond the now familiar optimist vs. pessimist dichotomy (对立观点) that has characterized many recent debates about whether the rise of the Internet will ultimately be good or bad for society. In an interview with TIME earlier this week, Cohen said although he and his co-author are optimistic about many aspects of the Internet, they’re also realistic about the risks and dangers that lie ahead when the next five billion people come online, particularly with respect to personal privacy and state surveillance (监视).
21、56. In what way is the rise of the Internet similar to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph?
A It transforms human history.
B It facilitates daily communication.
C It is adopted by all humanity.
D It revolutionizes people's thinking.
答案解析：
56. B) It facilitates daily communication.
解析：题干中问道互联网的兴起与印刷机和电报的发明有什么相似之处？由题干中的the printing press and the telegraph定位到第一段第一句。根据第二句“Over two billion people worldwide now have access to vastly more information than ever before, and can communicate with each other instantly, often using Web-connected mobile devices they carry everywhere.”可知人们通过互联网可以随时通信，因此选B。A、C、D项在文中均未提及。
22、57. How do Schmidt and Cohen describe the effects of the Internet?
A They are immeasurable.
B They are worldwide.
C They are unpredictable.
D They are contaminating.
答案解析：
57. B) They are worldwide.
解析：题干问道Schmidt和Cohen是如何描述互联网的影响的？由题干中的Schmidt and Cohen和the effects of the Internet定位到第二段。根据原文“this time the effects are fully global”可知他们认为互联网的影响是全球化的，因此选B。A、C、D项与原文不符。
23、58. In what respect is the book The New Digital Age considered inadequate?
A It fails to recognize the impact of the Internet technology.
B It fails to look into the social implications of the Internet.
C It lacks an objective evaluation of the role of Internet businesses.
D It does not address the technical aspects of Internet communication.
答案解析：
58. C) It lacks an objective evaluation of the role of Internet businesses.
解析：题干问道《新数字时代》这本书在哪方面认为是不够的？由题干中的the book The New Digital Age和inadequate定位到第三段最后一句。根据原文“But if the book has one major shortcoming, it’s that the authors don’t spend enough time applying a critical eye to the role of Internet businesses in these sweeping changes.”可知这本书的作者没有花足够的时间去批判互联网企业在这些巨大变化中的作用，原文中的critical eye表示“批判性的眼光”，因此选C。A、C、D项在原文中未提及。
24、59. What will the future be like when everybody gets online?
A People will be living in two different realities.
B People will have equal access to information.
C People don't have to travel to see the world.
D People don't have to communicate face to face.
答案解析：
59. A) People will be living in two different realities.
解析：题干问道当每个人都上网的时候，未来会是什么样子？由题干中的the future be like可定位到第四段最后一句“They paint a picture of a world in which individuals, companies, institutions, and governments must deal with two realities, one physical, and one virtual.”，根据原文可知人们必须面对两种现实，一个物理的，一个虚拟的，A选项是对这句话的概括。B、C、D项在文中未提及。
25、60. What does the passage say about the authors of The New Digital Age?
A They leave many questions unanswered concerning the Internet.
B They are optimistic about the future of the Internet revolution.
C They have explored the unknown territories of the virtual world.
D They don't take sides in analyzing the effects of the Internet.
答案解析：
60. D) They don't take sides in analyzing the effects of the Internet.
解析：题干问道关于新数字时代的作者，文章是怎么说的？由题干中的the author of The New Digital Age定位到最后一段倒数第二句。根据原文“ In an interview with TIME earlier this week, Cohen said although he and his co-author are optimistic about many aspects of the Internet, they’re also realistic about the risks and dangers that lie ahead when the next five billion people come online”可知这本书的作者虽然对互联网的许多方面都持乐观态度，但他们也对未来50亿人上网时面临的风险和危险持现实态度，题干中的take sides表示“偏袒”。因此选D。A、B、C项在原文中未提及。
Part III Reading Comprehension
In 1950, a young man would have found it much easier than it is today to get and keep a job in the auto industry. And in that year the average autoworker could meet monthly mortgage (抵押贷款) payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of his take-home pay. Today a similar mortgage would claim more than twice that share of his monthly earnings.
Other members of the autoworker’s family, however, might be less inclined to trade the present for the past. His retired parents would certainly have had less economic security back then. Throughout much of the 1960s, more than a quarter of men and women age 65 and older lived below the poverty level, compared to less than 10 percent in 2010.
In most states, his wife could not have taken out a loan or a credit card in her own name. In 42 states, a homemaker had no legal claim on the earnings of her husband. And nowhere did a wife have legal protection against family violence.
Most black workers would not want to return to a time when, on average, they earned 40 percent less than their white counterparts (职位相对的人), while racially restrictive agreements largely prevented them from buying into the suburban neighborhoods being built for white working-class families.
Today, new problems have emerged in the process of resolving old ones, but the solution is not to go back to the past. Some people may long for an era when divorce was still hard to come by. The spread of no-fault divorce has reduced the bargaining power of whichever spouse is more interested in continuing the relationship. And the breakup of such marriages has caused pain for many families.
The growing diversity of family life comes with new possibilities as well as new challenges. According to a recent poll, more than 80 percent of Americans believe that their current family is as close as the one in which they grew up, or closer. Finding ways to improve the lives of the remaining 20 percent seems more realistic than trying to restore an imaginary golden age.
26、61. What do we learn about American autoworkers in 1950?
A They had less job security than they do today.
B It was not too difficult for them to buy a house.
C Their earnings were worth twice as much as today.
D They were better off than workers in other industries.
答案解析：
61. B) It was not too difficult for them to buy a house.
解析：题干问道我们可以了解到关于1950年美国汽车工人的哪些信息？由题干中的American autoworkers和in 1950定位到第一段第一、二句。“In 1950, a young man would have found it much easier than it is today to get and keep a job in the auto industry. And in that year the average autoworker could meet monthly mortgage (抵押贷款) payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of his take-home pay.”可知每月抵押贷款只占普通汽车工人的13.4%，因此买房子并不困难，所以选B。A、C、D与原文不符。
27、62. What does the author say about retired people today?
A They invariably long to return to the golden past.
B They do not depend so much on social welfare.
C They feel more secure economically than in the past.
D They are usually unwilling to live with their children.
答案解析：
62. C) They feel more secure economically than in the past.
解析：题干问道作者对现在的退休人员有什么看法？由题干中的retired people today定位到第二段第二句。根据原文“His retired parents would certainly have had less economic security back then.”可知那时，他退休的父母肯定没有那么多的经济保障。也就是说，现在的退休人员比过去的退休人员经济保障要多，因此选C。A、B、D在原文未提及。
28、63. Why couldn't black workers buy a house in a white suburban neighborhood?
A They lacked the means of transportation.
B They were subjected to racial inequality.
C They were afraid to break the law.
D They were too poor to afford it.
答案解析：
63. B) They were subjected to racial inequality.
解析：题干问道为什么黑人工人不能在白人居住的社区买房子？由题干中的black workers和buy a house in a white suburban neighborhood定位到第四段。根据第四段原文可知，大多数黑人工人都不想回到一个平均工资比白人低40%的时候，而种族限制协议却阻止了他们购买白人工人阶级家庭的社区，原文中的racially restrictive agreements意思为“种族条款的限制”。因此选B。A、C、D在原文中未提及。
29、64. What is the result of no-fault divorce?
A Divorce is easier to obtain.
B Domestic violence is lessened.
C It causes little pain to either side.
D It contributes to social unrest.
答案解析：
64. A) Divorce is easier to obtain.
解析：题干问道无过错离婚的后果是什么？由题干中的no-fault divorce定位到第五段第三句。“The spread of no-fault divorce has reduced the bargaining power of whichever spouse is more interested in continuing the relationship.”这句话的意思是，无过错离婚的增多降低了那些想维持婚姻的一方讨价还价的能力，因此选A。B、C、D项原文未提及。
30、65. What does the author suggest society do?
A Get prepared to face any new challenges.
B Try to better the current social security net.
C Narrow the gap between blacks and whites.
D Improve the lives of families with problems.
答案解析：
65. D) Improve the lives of families with problems.
解析：题干问道作者建议社会做些什么？由题干中的the author suggest society to定位到最后一段最后一句“Finding ways to improve the lives of the remaining 20 percent seems more realistic than trying to restore an imaginary golden age.” ，可知作者建议寻找一些方法去改善剩余那20%有问题家庭的生活，似乎比重建一个理想的黄金时代更为现实，因此选D。A、B、C项在原文未提及。
