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编辑人: 沉寂于曾经

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2014年6月阅读(第一套)

Part III Reading Comprehension

For investors who desire low risk and guaranteed income, US government bonds are a secure investment because these bonds have the financial backing and full faith and credit of the federal government. Municipal bonds, also secure, are offered by local governments and often have (36)_____such as tax-free interest. Some may even be(37)_____. Corporate bonds are a bit more risky.

    Two questions often (38)_____first-time corporate bond investors. The first is “If I purchase a corporate bond, do I have to hold it until the maturity date?” The answer is no. Bonds are bought and sold daily on (39)_____securities exchanges. However, if you decide to sell your bond before its maturity date, you’re not guaranteed to get the face value of the bond. For example, if your bond does not have (40)_____that make it attractive to other investors, you may be forced to sell your bond at a (41)_____, i.e., a price less than the bond’s face value. But if your bond is highly valued by other investors, you may be able to sell it at a premium, i.e., a price above its face value. Bond prices generally (42)_____inversely (相反地) with current market interest rates. As interest rates go up, bond prices fall, and vice versa (反之亦然). Thus, like all investments, bonds have a degree of risk.

    The second question is “How can I (43)_____the investment risk of a particular bond issue?” Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s Investors Service rate the level of risk of many corporate and government bonds. And (44)_____, the higher the market risk of a bond, the higher the interest rate. Investors will invest in a bond considered risky only if the (45)_____​​​​​​​return is high enough.

1、 (1)

A conserved

B discount

C deduction

D insured

E bother

F assess

G embarrass

H naturally

I major

J potential

K advantages

L features

M indefinite

N fluctuate

O simultaneously

答案解析:

名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)

动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)

副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)

36.正确答案advantages

解析由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。

37. 正确答案insured

解析空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。

38. 正确答案bother

解析分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。

39. 正确答案major

解析空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。

40. 正确答案features

解析分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。

41. 正确答案discount

解析空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。

42. 正确答案fluctuate

解析分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。

43. 正确答案assess

解析由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。

44. 正确答案naturally

解析空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。

45. 正确答案potential

解析空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。

2、 (2)

A conserved

B discount

C deduction

D insured

E bother

F assess

G embarrass

H naturally

I major

J potential

K advantages

L features

M indefinite

N fluctuate

O simultaneously

答案解析:

名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)

动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)

副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)

36.正确答案advantages

解析由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。

37. 正确答案insured

解析空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。

38. 正确答案bother

解析分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。

39. 正确答案major

解析空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。

40. 正确答案features

解析分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。

41. 正确答案discount

解析空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。

42. 正确答案fluctuate

解析分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。

43. 正确答案assess

解析由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。

44. 正确答案naturally

解析空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。

45. 正确答案potential

解析空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。

3、 (3)

A conserved

B discount

C deduction

D insured

E bother

F assess

G embarrass

H naturally

I major

J potential

K advantages

L features

M indefinite

N fluctuate

O simultaneously

答案解析:

名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)

动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)

副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)

36.正确答案advantages

解析由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。

37. 正确答案insured

解析空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。

38. 正确答案bother

解析分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。

39. 正确答案major

解析空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。

40. 正确答案features

解析分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。

41. 正确答案discount

解析空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。

42. 正确答案fluctuate

解析分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。

43. 正确答案assess

解析由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。

44. 正确答案naturally

解析空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。

45. 正确答案potential

解析空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。

4、 (4)

A conserved

B discount

C deduction

D insured

E bother

F assess

G embarrass

H naturally

I major

J potential

K advantages

L features

M indefinite

N fluctuate

O simultaneously

答案解析:

名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)

动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)

副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)

36.正确答案advantages

解析由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。

37. 正确答案insured

解析空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。

38. 正确答案bother

解析分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。

39. 正确答案major

解析空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。

40. 正确答案features

解析分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。

41. 正确答案discount

解析空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。

42. 正确答案fluctuate

解析分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。

43. 正确答案assess

解析由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。

44. 正确答案naturally

解析空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。

45. 正确答案potential

解析空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。

5、 (5)

A conserved

B discount

C deduction

D insured

E bother

F assess

G embarrass

H naturally

I major

J potential

K advantages

L features

M indefinite

N fluctuate

O simultaneously

答案解析:

名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)

动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)

副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)

36.正确答案advantages

解析由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。

37. 正确答案insured

解析空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。

38. 正确答案bother

解析分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。

39. 正确答案major

解析空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。

40. 正确答案features

解析分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。

41. 正确答案discount

解析空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。

42. 正确答案fluctuate

解析分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。

43. 正确答案assess

解析由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。

44. 正确答案naturally

解析空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。

45. 正确答案potential

解析空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。

6、 (6)

A conserved

B discount

C deduction

D insured

E bother

F assess

G embarrass

H naturally

I major

J potential

K advantages

L features

M indefinite

N fluctuate

O simultaneously

答案解析:

名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)

动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)

副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)

36.正确答案advantages

解析由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。

37. 正确答案insured

解析空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。

38. 正确答案bother

解析分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。

39. 正确答案major

解析空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。

40. 正确答案features

解析分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。

41. 正确答案discount

解析空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。

42. 正确答案fluctuate

解析分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。

43. 正确答案assess

解析由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。

44. 正确答案naturally

解析空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。

45. 正确答案potential

解析空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。

7、 (7)

A conserved

B discount

C deduction

D insured

E bother

F assess

G embarrass

H naturally

I major

J potential

K advantages

L features

M indefinite

N fluctuate

O simultaneously

答案解析:

名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)

动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)

副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)

36.正确答案advantages

解析由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。

37. 正确答案insured

解析空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。

38. 正确答案bother

解析分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。

39. 正确答案major

解析空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。

40. 正确答案features

解析分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。

41. 正确答案discount

解析空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。

42. 正确答案fluctuate

解析分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。

43. 正确答案assess

解析由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。

44. 正确答案naturally

解析空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。

45. 正确答案potential

解析空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。

8、 (8)

A conserved

B discount

C deduction

D insured

E bother

F assess

G embarrass

H naturally

I major

J potential

K advantages

L features

M indefinite

N fluctuate

O simultaneously

答案解析:

名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)

动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)

副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)

36.正确答案advantages

解析由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。

37. 正确答案insured

解析空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。

38. 正确答案bother

解析分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。

39. 正确答案major

解析空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。

40. 正确答案features

解析分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。

41. 正确答案discount

解析空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。

42. 正确答案fluctuate

解析分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。

43. 正确答案assess

解析由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。

44. 正确答案naturally

解析空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。

45. 正确答案potential

解析空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。

9、 (9)

A conserved

B discount

C deduction

D insured

E bother

F assess

G embarrass

H naturally

I major

J potential

K advantages

L features

M indefinite

N fluctuate

O simultaneously

答案解析:

名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)

动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)

副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)

36.正确答案advantages

解析由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。

37. 正确答案insured

解析空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。

38. 正确答案bother

解析分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。

39. 正确答案major

解析空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。

40. 正确答案features

解析分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。

41. 正确答案discount

解析空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。

42. 正确答案fluctuate

解析分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。

43. 正确答案assess

解析由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。

44. 正确答案naturally

解析空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。

45. 正确答案potential

解析空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。

10、 (10)

A conserved

B discount

C deduction

D insured

E bother

F assess

G embarrass

H naturally

I major

J potential

K advantages

L features

M indefinite

N fluctuate

O simultaneously

答案解析:

名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)

动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)

副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)

36.正确答案advantages

解析由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。

37. 正确答案insured

解析空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。

38. 正确答案bother

解析分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。

39. 正确答案major

解析空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。

40. 正确答案features

解析分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。

41. 正确答案discount

解析空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。

42. 正确答案fluctuate

解析分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。

43. 正确答案assess

解析由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。

44. 正确答案naturally

解析空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。

45. 正确答案potential

解析空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。

Part III Reading Comprehension

                                                                             Lessons From a Feminist Paradise

【A】On the surface, Sweden appears to be a feminist paradise. Look at any global survey of gender equality and Sweden will be near the top. Family-friendly policies are its norm—with 16 months of paid parent all eave, special protections for part-time workers, and state-subsidized preschools where, according to a government website, “gender-awareness education is increasingly common.” Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament. They have enjoyed the protection of government agencies with titles like the Ministry of Integration and Gender Equality and the Secretariat of Gender Research. So why are American women so far ahead of their Swedish counterpart sin breaking through the glass ceiling?


【B】 In a 2012 report, the World Economic Forum found that when it comes to closing the gender gap in “economic participation and opportunity,” the United States is ahead of not only Sweden but also Finland, Denmark, the Netherlands, Iceland, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Sweden’s rank in there port can largely be explained by its political quota system. Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to Sweden’s 77 percent), American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals. They also own more businesses, launch more start-ups (新创办的企业), and more often work in traditionally male fields. As for breaking through the glass ceiling in business, American women are well in the lead.


【C】What explains the American advantage? How can it be that societies like Sweden, where gender equality is vigorously pursued and enforced, have fewer female managers, executives, professionals, and business owners than the laissez-faire (自由放任的) United States? A new study by Cornell economists Francine Blau and Lawrence Kahn gives an explanation.


【D】 Generous parental leave policies and readily available part-time options have unintended consequences: instead of strengthening women’s attachment to the workplace, they appear to weaken it. In addition to a 16-month leave, a Swedish parent has the right to work six hours a day (for a reduced salary) until his or her child is eight years old. Mothers are far more likely than fathers to take advantage of this law. But extended leaves and part-time employment are known to be harmful to careers--for both genders. And with women a second factor comes into play: most seem to enjoy the flexible-time arrangement (once known as the “mommy track”) and never find their way back to full-time or high-level employment. In sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.


【E】According to Blau and Kahn, Swedish-style paternal (父亲的) leave policies and flexible-time arrangements pose a second threat to women’s progress: they make employers cautious about hiring women for full-time positions at all. Offering a job to a man is the safer bet. He is far less likely to take a year of parental leave and then return on a reduced work schedule for the next eight years.


【F】 I became aware of the trials of career-focused European women a few years ago when I met a post-doctoral student from Germany who was then a visiting fellow at Johns Hopkins. She was astonished by the professional possibilities afforded to young American women. Her best hope in Germany was a government job-prospects for women in the private sector were dim. “In Germany,” she told me, “we have all the benefits, but employers don’t want to hire us.”


【G】Swedish economists Magnus Henrekson and Mikael Stenkula addressed the following question in their2009 study: why are there so few female top executives in the European egalitarian (平等主义的)welfare states? Their answer: “Broad-based welfare-state policies hinder women’s representation in elite competitive positions.”


【H】 It is tempting to declare the Swedish policies regressive (退步的) and hail the American system as superior. But that would be shortsighted. The Swedes can certainly take a lesson from the United States and look for ways to clear a path for their ambitious female careerists. But most women are not committed careerists. When the Pew Research Center recently asked American parents to identify their “ideal” life arrangement, 47 percent of mothers said they would prefer to work part-time and 20 percent said they would prefer not to work at all. Fathers answered differently: 75 percent preferred full-timework. Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model. Still, we can learn from their experience.


【I】 Despite its failure to shatter the glass ceiling, Sweden has one of the most powerful and innovative economies in the world. In its 2011-2012 survey, the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the world’s third most competitive economy; the United States came in fifth. Sweden, dubbed the “rocks tar of the recovery” in the Washington Post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness. It is a society well worth studying, and its efforts to conquer the gender gap impart a vital lesson--though not the lesson the Swedes had in mind.


【J】Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men. For decades, these descendants of the Vikings have been trying to show the world that the right mix of enlightened policy, consciousness raising, and non-sexist child rearing would close the gender divide once and for all. Yet the divide persists.


【K】A 2012 press release from Statistics Sweden bears the title “Gender Equality in Sweden Treading (踩) Water” and notes:

    The total income from employment for all ages is lower for women than for men.

    One in three employed women and one in ten employed men work part-time.

    Women’s working time is influenced by the number and age of their children, but men’s working time is not affected by these factors.

    Of all employees, only 13 percent of the women and 12 percent of the men have occupations with an even distribution of the sexes.


【L】Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitate (被吸引) toward gendered play. When it came to light last year that mothers, far more than fathers, chose to stay home from work to care for their sick kids, Ulf Kristersson, minister of social security, quickly commissioned a study to determine the causes of and possible cures for this disturbing state of affairs.


【M】Swedish family policies, by accommodating women’s preferences effectively, are reducing the number of women in elite competitive positions. The Swedes will find this paradoxical and try to find solutions. Letus hope these do not include banning gender pronouns, policing children’s play, implementing more gender quotas, or treating women’s special attachment to home and family as a social injustice. Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer. Americans should look past the gender rhetoric and consider what these Scandinavians have achieved. On their way to creating a feminist paradise, the Swedes have unintentionally created a haven (避风港) for normal mortals.

11、46. Sweden has done more than other nations to close the gender gap, but it continues to exist.

A A

B B

C C

D D

E E

F F

G G

H H

I I

J J

K K

L L

M M

答案解析:46. 正确答案:[J] Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men.

解析由题干中的close the gender gap和 continues to exist定位到J段。定位段首句提到,在性别融合和为男女提供同等机会和自由方面,瑞典已经走得比世界上其他任何一个国家都远了;定位段末句指出这种差异仍然存在。题干是对定位段首句和末句的概括,故答案为J。

47. 正确答案:[I] In its 2011-2012 survey, the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the world’s third most competitive economy; the United States came in fifth. Sweden, dubbed the “rocks tar of the recovery” in the Washington Post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness.

解析由题干中的one of the most competitive economies和life satisfaction定位到I段第二、三句:世界经济论坛将瑞典列为世界第三大最具竞争力的经济体,而且,瑞典在生活满意度和幸福感排名上也领先于世界其他国家。题干中的one of the most competitive economies和the greatest life satisfaction分别对应定位句中的the world’s third most competitive economy和 leads the world in life satisfaction,故答案为I。

48. 正确答案:[B] Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to Sweden’s 77 percent), American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals.

解析由题干中的more American women和hold elite job positions in business定位到B段倒数后三句:尽管美国职业女性的比例较低,但是选择工作的美国女性更有可能从事全职工作和担任高级别的工作职位,如经理或专业人士。她们还拥有或创办更多的新企业,也更有可能在传统的男性领域工作。在突破商业领域的玻璃天花板方面,美国女性遥遥领先。题干是对该部分的大意概括,故答案为B。

49. 正确答案:[D] In sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.

解析由题干中的family,friendly policies,tend to和women’s careers定位到D段末句:慷慨的家庭友好政策确实让更多的女性留在了劳动力市场,但是也往往不利于她们职业生涯的发展。题干与定位句意思一致,故答案为D。

50. 正确答案:[A] Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament.

解析由题干中的quota system和representation in government定位到A段第四句:由于非官方的配额制度,女性在瑞典议会中占据了45%的席位。题干中的women’s better representation,the quota system和in government分别对应定位句中的women hold 45 percent of positions,an unofficial quota system和in the Swedish parliament,故答案为A。

51. 正确答案:[H] Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model.

解析由题干中的the Swedish model和most American parents定位到H段倒数第二句:瑞典的某些体制可能适合大多数的美国父母,但美国不太可能完全接受瑞典模式。题干中的the Swedish model对应定位句中的Some version of the Swedish system, may not be accepted by them对应定位句中的is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model,故答案为H。

52. 正确答案:[M] Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer.

解析由题干中的the freedom and opportunity定位到M段第四句:大多数母亲并不向往具有竞争力的精英的全职岗位,瑞典的政策已经给了她们自由和机会去过自己更喜欢的生活。choose their own way of life是对定位句中的live the lives they prefer的同义转述,故答案为M。

53. 正确答案:[E] According to Blau and Kahn, Swedish-style paternal (父亲的) leave policies and flexible-time arrangements pose a second threat to women’s progress: they make employers cautious about hiring women for full-time positions at all.

解析由题干中的hiring women for full-time positions定位到E段第一句:Blau和Kahn称,瑞典式产假政策和弹性时间安排对女性形成了第二个威胁:它们让雇主在聘用女性担任全职职位时小心翼翼。题干中的关键词与定位句中的表述一致,且hesitant对应定位句中的cautious,故答案为E。

54. 正确答案:[A] ...according to a government website, “gender-awareness education is increasingly common.

解析由题干中的gender,awareness education和state-subsidized preschools定位到A段第三句:某政府网站显示,在有瑞典政府补贴的幼儿尉中,性别意识教育越来越普遍。题干中的关键词均与定位句中的表述一致,故答案为A。

55. 正确答案:[L] Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitate (被吸引) toward gendered play.

解析由题干中的lawmakers和gender less pronouns定位到L段第一句:一些瑞典激进主义者和立法者正要求采取更极端和更深远的措施,比如用一个中性词替代男女性别代词。题干中的lawmakers和genderless pronouns分别对应定位句中的legislators和a neutral alternative,故答案为L。

12、47. Sweden is one of the most competitive economies in the world and its people enjoy the greatest life satisfaction.

A A

B B

C C

D D

E E

F F

G G

H H

I I

J J

K K

L L

M M

答案解析:46. 正确答案:[J] Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men.

解析由题干中的close the gender gap和 continues to exist定位到J段。定位段首句提到,在性别融合和为男女提供同等机会和自由方面,瑞典已经走得比世界上其他任何一个国家都远了;定位段末句指出这种差异仍然存在。题干是对定位段首句和末句的概括,故答案为J。

47. 正确答案:[I] In its 2011-2012 survey, the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the world’s third most competitive economy; the United States came in fifth. Sweden, dubbed the “rocks tar of the recovery” in the Washington Post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness.

解析由题干中的one of the most competitive economies和life satisfaction定位到I段第二、三句:世界经济论坛将瑞典列为世界第三大最具竞争力的经济体,而且,瑞典在生活满意度和幸福感排名上也领先于世界其他国家。题干中的one of the most competitive economies和the greatest life satisfaction分别对应定位句中的the world’s third most competitive economy和 leads the world in life satisfaction,故答案为I。

48. 正确答案:[B] Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to Sweden’s 77 percent), American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals.

解析由题干中的more American women和hold elite job positions in business定位到B段倒数后三句:尽管美国职业女性的比例较低,但是选择工作的美国女性更有可能从事全职工作和担任高级别的工作职位,如经理或专业人士。她们还拥有或创办更多的新企业,也更有可能在传统的男性领域工作。在突破商业领域的玻璃天花板方面,美国女性遥遥领先。题干是对该部分的大意概括,故答案为B。

49. 正确答案:[D] In sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.

解析由题干中的family,friendly policies,tend to和women’s careers定位到D段末句:慷慨的家庭友好政策确实让更多的女性留在了劳动力市场,但是也往往不利于她们职业生涯的发展。题干与定位句意思一致,故答案为D。

50. 正确答案:[A] Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament.

解析由题干中的quota system和representation in government定位到A段第四句:由于非官方的配额制度,女性在瑞典议会中占据了45%的席位。题干中的women’s better representation,the quota system和in government分别对应定位句中的women hold 45 percent of positions,an unofficial quota system和in the Swedish parliament,故答案为A。

51. 正确答案:[H] Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model.

解析由题干中的the Swedish model和most American parents定位到H段倒数第二句:瑞典的某些体制可能适合大多数的美国父母,但美国不太可能完全接受瑞典模式。题干中的the Swedish model对应定位句中的Some version of the Swedish system, may not be accepted by them对应定位句中的is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model,故答案为H。

52. 正确答案:[M] Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer.

解析由题干中的the freedom and opportunity定位到M段第四句:大多数母亲并不向往具有竞争力的精英的全职岗位,瑞典的政策已经给了她们自由和机会去过自己更喜欢的生活。choose their own way of life是对定位句中的live the lives they prefer的同义转述,故答案为M。

53. 正确答案:[E] According to Blau and Kahn, Swedish-style paternal (父亲的) leave policies and flexible-time arrangements pose a second threat to women’s progress: they make employers cautious about hiring women for full-time positions at all.

解析由题干中的hiring women for full-time positions定位到E段第一句:Blau和Kahn称,瑞典式产假政策和弹性时间安排对女性形成了第二个威胁:它们让雇主在聘用女性担任全职职位时小心翼翼。题干中的关键词与定位句中的表述一致,且hesitant对应定位句中的cautious,故答案为E。

54. 正确答案:[A] ...according to a government website, “gender-awareness education is increasingly common.

解析由题干中的gender,awareness education和state-subsidized preschools定位到A段第三句:某政府网站显示,在有瑞典政府补贴的幼儿尉中,性别意识教育越来越普遍。题干中的关键词均与定位句中的表述一致,故答案为A。

55. 正确答案:[L] Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitate (被吸引) toward gendered play.

解析由题干中的lawmakers和gender less pronouns定位到L段第一句:一些瑞典激进主义者和立法者正要求采取更极端和更深远的措施,比如用一个中性词替代男女性别代词。题干中的lawmakers和genderless pronouns分别对应定位句中的legislators和a neutral alternative,故答案为L。

13、48. More American women hold elite job positions in business than Swedish women.

A A

B B

C C

D D

E E

F F

G G

H H

I I

J J

K K

L L

M M

答案解析:46. 正确答案:[J] Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men.

解析由题干中的close the gender gap和 continues to exist定位到J段。定位段首句提到,在性别融合和为男女提供同等机会和自由方面,瑞典已经走得比世界上其他任何一个国家都远了;定位段末句指出这种差异仍然存在。题干是对定位段首句和末句的概括,故答案为J。

47. 正确答案:[I] In its 2011-2012 survey, the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the world’s third most competitive economy; the United States came in fifth. Sweden, dubbed the “rocks tar of the recovery” in the Washington Post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness.

解析由题干中的one of the most competitive economies和life satisfaction定位到I段第二、三句:世界经济论坛将瑞典列为世界第三大最具竞争力的经济体,而且,瑞典在生活满意度和幸福感排名上也领先于世界其他国家。题干中的one of the most competitive economies和the greatest life satisfaction分别对应定位句中的the world’s third most competitive economy和 leads the world in life satisfaction,故答案为I。

48. 正确答案:[B] Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to Sweden’s 77 percent), American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals.

解析由题干中的more American women和hold elite job positions in business定位到B段倒数后三句:尽管美国职业女性的比例较低,但是选择工作的美国女性更有可能从事全职工作和担任高级别的工作职位,如经理或专业人士。她们还拥有或创办更多的新企业,也更有可能在传统的男性领域工作。在突破商业领域的玻璃天花板方面,美国女性遥遥领先。题干是对该部分的大意概括,故答案为B。

49. 正确答案:[D] In sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.

解析由题干中的family,friendly policies,tend to和women’s careers定位到D段末句:慷慨的家庭友好政策确实让更多的女性留在了劳动力市场,但是也往往不利于她们职业生涯的发展。题干与定位句意思一致,故答案为D。

50. 正确答案:[A] Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament.

解析由题干中的quota system和representation in government定位到A段第四句:由于非官方的配额制度,女性在瑞典议会中占据了45%的席位。题干中的women’s better representation,the quota system和in government分别对应定位句中的women hold 45 percent of positions,an unofficial quota system和in the Swedish parliament,故答案为A。

51. 正确答案:[H] Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model.

解析由题干中的the Swedish model和most American parents定位到H段倒数第二句:瑞典的某些体制可能适合大多数的美国父母,但美国不太可能完全接受瑞典模式。题干中的the Swedish model对应定位句中的Some version of the Swedish system, may not be accepted by them对应定位句中的is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model,故答案为H。

52. 正确答案:[M] Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer.

解析由题干中的the freedom and opportunity定位到M段第四句:大多数母亲并不向往具有竞争力的精英的全职岗位,瑞典的政策已经给了她们自由和机会去过自己更喜欢的生活。choose their own way of life是对定位句中的live the lives they prefer的同义转述,故答案为M。

53. 正确答案:[E] According to Blau and Kahn, Swedish-style paternal (父亲的) leave policies and flexible-time arrangements pose a second threat to women’s progress: they make employers cautious about hiring women for full-time positions at all.

解析由题干中的hiring women for full-time positions定位到E段第一句:Blau和Kahn称,瑞典式产假政策和弹性时间安排对女性形成了第二个威胁:它们让雇主在聘用女性担任全职职位时小心翼翼。题干中的关键词与定位句中的表述一致,且hesitant对应定位句中的cautious,故答案为E。

54. 正确答案:[A] ...according to a government website, “gender-awareness education is increasingly common.

解析由题干中的gender,awareness education和state-subsidized preschools定位到A段第三句:某政府网站显示,在有瑞典政府补贴的幼儿尉中,性别意识教育越来越普遍。题干中的关键词均与定位句中的表述一致,故答案为A。

55. 正确答案:[L] Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitate (被吸引) toward gendered play.

解析由题干中的lawmakers和gender less pronouns定位到L段第一句:一些瑞典激进主义者和立法者正要求采取更极端和更深远的措施,比如用一个中性词替代男女性别代词。题干中的lawmakers和genderless pronouns分别对应定位句中的legislators和a neutral alternative,故答案为L。

14、49. Swedish family-friendly policies tend to exert a negative influence on women’s careers.50. The quota system in Sweden ensures women’s better representation in government.

A A

B B

C C

D D

E E

F F

G G

H H

I I

J J

K K

L L

M M

答案解析:46. 正确答案:[J] Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men.

解析由题干中的close the gender gap和 continues to exist定位到J段。定位段首句提到,在性别融合和为男女提供同等机会和自由方面,瑞典已经走得比世界上其他任何一个国家都远了;定位段末句指出这种差异仍然存在。题干是对定位段首句和末句的概括,故答案为J。

47. 正确答案:[I] In its 2011-2012 survey, the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the world’s third most competitive economy; the United States came in fifth. Sweden, dubbed the “rocks tar of the recovery” in the Washington Post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness.

解析由题干中的one of the most competitive economies和life satisfaction定位到I段第二、三句:世界经济论坛将瑞典列为世界第三大最具竞争力的经济体,而且,瑞典在生活满意度和幸福感排名上也领先于世界其他国家。题干中的one of the most competitive economies和the greatest life satisfaction分别对应定位句中的the world’s third most competitive economy和 leads the world in life satisfaction,故答案为I。

48. 正确答案:[B] Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to Sweden’s 77 percent), American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals.

解析由题干中的more American women和hold elite job positions in business定位到B段倒数后三句:尽管美国职业女性的比例较低,但是选择工作的美国女性更有可能从事全职工作和担任高级别的工作职位,如经理或专业人士。她们还拥有或创办更多的新企业,也更有可能在传统的男性领域工作。在突破商业领域的玻璃天花板方面,美国女性遥遥领先。题干是对该部分的大意概括,故答案为B。

49. 正确答案:[D] In sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.

解析由题干中的family,friendly policies,tend to和women’s careers定位到D段末句:慷慨的家庭友好政策确实让更多的女性留在了劳动力市场,但是也往往不利于她们职业生涯的发展。题干与定位句意思一致,故答案为D。

50. 正确答案:[A] Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament.

解析由题干中的quota system和representation in government定位到A段第四句:由于非官方的配额制度,女性在瑞典议会中占据了45%的席位。题干中的women’s better representation,the quota system和in government分别对应定位句中的women hold 45 percent of positions,an unofficial quota system和in the Swedish parliament,故答案为A。

51. 正确答案:[H] Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model.

解析由题干中的the Swedish model和most American parents定位到H段倒数第二句:瑞典的某些体制可能适合大多数的美国父母,但美国不太可能完全接受瑞典模式。题干中的the Swedish model对应定位句中的Some version of the Swedish system, may not be accepted by them对应定位句中的is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model,故答案为H。

52. 正确答案:[M] Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer.

解析由题干中的the freedom and opportunity定位到M段第四句:大多数母亲并不向往具有竞争力的精英的全职岗位,瑞典的政策已经给了她们自由和机会去过自己更喜欢的生活。choose their own way of life是对定位句中的live the lives they prefer的同义转述,故答案为M。

53. 正确答案:[E] According to Blau and Kahn, Swedish-style paternal (父亲的) leave policies and flexible-time arrangements pose a second threat to women’s progress: they make employers cautious about hiring women for full-time positions at all.

解析由题干中的hiring women for full-time positions定位到E段第一句:Blau和Kahn称,瑞典式产假政策和弹性时间安排对女性形成了第二个威胁:它们让雇主在聘用女性担任全职职位时小心翼翼。题干中的关键词与定位句中的表述一致,且hesitant对应定位句中的cautious,故答案为E。

54. 正确答案:[A] ...according to a government website, “gender-awareness education is increasingly common.

解析由题干中的gender,awareness education和state-subsidized preschools定位到A段第三句:某政府网站显示,在有瑞典政府补贴的幼儿尉中,性别意识教育越来越普遍。题干中的关键词均与定位句中的表述一致,故答案为A。

55. 正确答案:[L] Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitate (被吸引) toward gendered play.

解析由题干中的lawmakers和gender less pronouns定位到L段第一句:一些瑞典激进主义者和立法者正要求采取更极端和更深远的措施,比如用一个中性词替代男女性别代词。题干中的lawmakers和genderless pronouns分别对应定位句中的legislators和a neutral alternative,故答案为L。

15、50. The quota system in Sweden ensures women’s better representation in government.

A A

B B

C C

D D

E E

F F

G G

H H

I I

J J

K K

L L

M M

答案解析:46. 正确答案:[J] Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men.

解析由题干中的close the gender gap和 continues to exist定位到J段。定位段首句提到,在性别融合和为男女提供同等机会和自由方面,瑞典已经走得比世界上其他任何一个国家都远了;定位段末句指出这种差异仍然存在。题干是对定位段首句和末句的概括,故答案为J。

47. 正确答案:[I] In its 2011-2012 survey, the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the world’s third most competitive economy; the United States came in fifth. Sweden, dubbed the “rocks tar of the recovery” in the Washington Post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness.

解析由题干中的one of the most competitive economies和life satisfaction定位到I段第二、三句:世界经济论坛将瑞典列为世界第三大最具竞争力的经济体,而且,瑞典在生活满意度和幸福感排名上也领先于世界其他国家。题干中的one of the most competitive economies和the greatest life satisfaction分别对应定位句中的the world’s third most competitive economy和 leads the world in life satisfaction,故答案为I。

48. 正确答案:[B] Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to Sweden’s 77 percent), American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals.

解析由题干中的more American women和hold elite job positions in business定位到B段倒数后三句:尽管美国职业女性的比例较低,但是选择工作的美国女性更有可能从事全职工作和担任高级别的工作职位,如经理或专业人士。她们还拥有或创办更多的新企业,也更有可能在传统的男性领域工作。在突破商业领域的玻璃天花板方面,美国女性遥遥领先。题干是对该部分的大意概括,故答案为B。

49. 正确答案:[D] In sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.

解析由题干中的family,friendly policies,tend to和women’s careers定位到D段末句:慷慨的家庭友好政策确实让更多的女性留在了劳动力市场,但是也往往不利于她们职业生涯的发展。题干与定位句意思一致,故答案为D。

50. 正确答案:[A] Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament.

解析由题干中的quota system和representation in government定位到A段第四句:由于非官方的配额制度,女性在瑞典议会中占据了45%的席位。题干中的women’s better representation,the quota system和in government分别对应定位句中的women hold 45 percent of positions,an unofficial quota system和in the Swedish parliament,故答案为A。

51. 正确答案:[H] Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model.

解析由题干中的the Swedish model和most American parents定位到H段倒数第二句:瑞典的某些体制可能适合大多数的美国父母,但美国不太可能完全接受瑞典模式。题干中的the Swedish model对应定位句中的Some version of the Swedish system, may not be accepted by them对应定位句中的is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model,故答案为H。

52. 正确答案:[M] Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer.

解析由题干中的the freedom and opportunity定位到M段第四句:大多数母亲并不向往具有竞争力的精英的全职岗位,瑞典的政策已经给了她们自由和机会去过自己更喜欢的生活。choose their own way of life是对定位句中的live the lives they prefer的同义转述,故答案为M。

53. 正确答案:[E] According to Blau and Kahn, Swedish-style paternal (父亲的) leave policies and flexible-time arrangements pose a second threat to women’s progress: they make employers cautious about hiring women for full-time positions at all.

解析由题干中的hiring women for full-time positions定位到E段第一句:Blau和Kahn称,瑞典式产假政策和弹性时间安排对女性形成了第二个威胁:它们让雇主在聘用女性担任全职职位时小心翼翼。题干中的关键词与定位句中的表述一致,且hesitant对应定位句中的cautious,故答案为E。

54. 正确答案:[A] ...according to a government website, “gender-awareness education is increasingly common.

解析由题干中的gender,awareness education和state-subsidized preschools定位到A段第三句:某政府网站显示,在有瑞典政府补贴的幼儿尉中,性别意识教育越来越普遍。题干中的关键词均与定位句中的表述一致,故答案为A。

55. 正确答案:[L] Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitate (被吸引) toward gendered play.

解析由题干中的lawmakers和gender less pronouns定位到L段第一句:一些瑞典激进主义者和立法者正要求采取更极端和更深远的措施,比如用一个中性词替代男女性别代词。题干中的lawmakers和genderless pronouns分别对应定位句中的legislators和a neutral alternative,故答案为L。

16、51. Though the Swedish model appears workable for most American parents, it may not be accepted by them in its entirety.

A A

B B

C C

D D

E E

F F

G G

H H

I I

J J

K K

L L

M M

答案解析:46. 正确答案:[J] Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men.

解析由题干中的close the gender gap和 continues to exist定位到J段。定位段首句提到,在性别融合和为男女提供同等机会和自由方面,瑞典已经走得比世界上其他任何一个国家都远了;定位段末句指出这种差异仍然存在。题干是对定位段首句和末句的概括,故答案为J。

47. 正确答案:[I] In its 2011-2012 survey, the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the world’s third most competitive economy; the United States came in fifth. Sweden, dubbed the “rocks tar of the recovery” in the Washington Post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness.

解析由题干中的one of the most competitive economies和life satisfaction定位到I段第二、三句:世界经济论坛将瑞典列为世界第三大最具竞争力的经济体,而且,瑞典在生活满意度和幸福感排名上也领先于世界其他国家。题干中的one of the most competitive economies和the greatest life satisfaction分别对应定位句中的the world’s third most competitive economy和 leads the world in life satisfaction,故答案为I。

48. 正确答案:[B] Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to Sweden’s 77 percent), American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals.

解析由题干中的more American women和hold elite job positions in business定位到B段倒数后三句:尽管美国职业女性的比例较低,但是选择工作的美国女性更有可能从事全职工作和担任高级别的工作职位,如经理或专业人士。她们还拥有或创办更多的新企业,也更有可能在传统的男性领域工作。在突破商业领域的玻璃天花板方面,美国女性遥遥领先。题干是对该部分的大意概括,故答案为B。

49. 正确答案:[D] In sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.

解析由题干中的family,friendly policies,tend to和women’s careers定位到D段末句:慷慨的家庭友好政策确实让更多的女性留在了劳动力市场,但是也往往不利于她们职业生涯的发展。题干与定位句意思一致,故答案为D。

50. 正确答案:[A] Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament.

解析由题干中的quota system和representation in government定位到A段第四句:由于非官方的配额制度,女性在瑞典议会中占据了45%的席位。题干中的women’s better representation,the quota system和in government分别对应定位句中的women hold 45 percent of positions,an unofficial quota system和in the Swedish parliament,故答案为A。

51. 正确答案:[H] Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model.

解析由题干中的the Swedish model和most American parents定位到H段倒数第二句:瑞典的某些体制可能适合大多数的美国父母,但美国不太可能完全接受瑞典模式。题干中的the Swedish model对应定位句中的Some version of the Swedish system, may not be accepted by them对应定位句中的is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model,故答案为H。

52. 正确答案:[M] Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer.

解析由题干中的the freedom and opportunity定位到M段第四句:大多数母亲并不向往具有竞争力的精英的全职岗位,瑞典的政策已经给了她们自由和机会去过自己更喜欢的生活。choose their own way of life是对定位句中的live the lives they prefer的同义转述,故答案为M。

53. 正确答案:[E] According to Blau and Kahn, Swedish-style paternal (父亲的) leave policies and flexible-time arrangements pose a second threat to women’s progress: they make employers cautious about hiring women for full-time positions at all.

解析由题干中的hiring women for full-time positions定位到E段第一句:Blau和Kahn称,瑞典式产假政策和弹性时间安排对女性形成了第二个威胁:它们让雇主在聘用女性担任全职职位时小心翼翼。题干中的关键词与定位句中的表述一致,且hesitant对应定位句中的cautious,故答案为E。

54. 正确答案:[A] ...according to a government website, “gender-awareness education is increasingly common.

解析由题干中的gender,awareness education和state-subsidized preschools定位到A段第三句:某政府网站显示,在有瑞典政府补贴的幼儿尉中,性别意识教育越来越普遍。题干中的关键词均与定位句中的表述一致,故答案为A。

55. 正确答案:[L] Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitate (被吸引) toward gendered play.

解析由题干中的lawmakers和gender less pronouns定位到L段第一句:一些瑞典激进主义者和立法者正要求采取更极端和更深远的措施,比如用一个中性词替代男女性别代词。题干中的lawmakers和genderless pronouns分别对应定位句中的legislators和a neutral alternative,故答案为L。

17、52. Swedish women are allowed the freedom and opportunity to choose their own way of life.

A A

B B

C C

D D

E E

F F

G G

H H

I I

J J

K K

L L

M M

答案解析:46. 正确答案:[J] Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men.

解析由题干中的close the gender gap和 continues to exist定位到J段。定位段首句提到,在性别融合和为男女提供同等机会和自由方面,瑞典已经走得比世界上其他任何一个国家都远了;定位段末句指出这种差异仍然存在。题干是对定位段首句和末句的概括,故答案为J。

47. 正确答案:[I] In its 2011-2012 survey, the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the world’s third most competitive economy; the United States came in fifth. Sweden, dubbed the “rocks tar of the recovery” in the Washington Post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness.

解析由题干中的one of the most competitive economies和life satisfaction定位到I段第二、三句:世界经济论坛将瑞典列为世界第三大最具竞争力的经济体,而且,瑞典在生活满意度和幸福感排名上也领先于世界其他国家。题干中的one of the most competitive economies和the greatest life satisfaction分别对应定位句中的the world’s third most competitive economy和 leads the world in life satisfaction,故答案为I。

48. 正确答案:[B] Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to Sweden’s 77 percent), American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals.

解析由题干中的more American women和hold elite job positions in business定位到B段倒数后三句:尽管美国职业女性的比例较低,但是选择工作的美国女性更有可能从事全职工作和担任高级别的工作职位,如经理或专业人士。她们还拥有或创办更多的新企业,也更有可能在传统的男性领域工作。在突破商业领域的玻璃天花板方面,美国女性遥遥领先。题干是对该部分的大意概括,故答案为B。

49. 正确答案:[D] In sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.

解析由题干中的family,friendly policies,tend to和women’s careers定位到D段末句:慷慨的家庭友好政策确实让更多的女性留在了劳动力市场,但是也往往不利于她们职业生涯的发展。题干与定位句意思一致,故答案为D。

50. 正确答案:[A] Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament.

解析由题干中的quota system和representation in government定位到A段第四句:由于非官方的配额制度,女性在瑞典议会中占据了45%的席位。题干中的women’s better representation,the quota system和in government分别对应定位句中的women hold 45 percent of positions,an unofficial quota system和in the Swedish parliament,故答案为A。

51. 正确答案:[H] Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model.

解析由题干中的the Swedish model和most American parents定位到H段倒数第二句:瑞典的某些体制可能适合大多数的美国父母,但美国不太可能完全接受瑞典模式。题干中的the Swedish model对应定位句中的Some version of the Swedish system, may not be accepted by them对应定位句中的is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model,故答案为H。

52. 正确答案:[M] Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer.

解析由题干中的the freedom and opportunity定位到M段第四句:大多数母亲并不向往具有竞争力的精英的全职岗位,瑞典的政策已经给了她们自由和机会去过自己更喜欢的生活。choose their own way of life是对定位句中的live the lives they prefer的同义转述,故答案为M。

53. 正确答案:[E] According to Blau and Kahn, Swedish-style paternal (父亲的) leave policies and flexible-time arrangements pose a second threat to women’s progress: they make employers cautious about hiring women for full-time positions at all.

解析由题干中的hiring women for full-time positions定位到E段第一句:Blau和Kahn称,瑞典式产假政策和弹性时间安排对女性形成了第二个威胁:它们让雇主在聘用女性担任全职职位时小心翼翼。题干中的关键词与定位句中的表述一致,且hesitant对应定位句中的cautious,故答案为E。

54. 正确答案:[A] ...according to a government website, “gender-awareness education is increasingly common.

解析由题干中的gender,awareness education和state-subsidized preschools定位到A段第三句:某政府网站显示,在有瑞典政府补贴的幼儿尉中,性别意识教育越来越普遍。题干中的关键词均与定位句中的表述一致,故答案为A。

55. 正确答案:[L] Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitate (被吸引) toward gendered play.

解析由题干中的lawmakers和gender less pronouns定位到L段第一句:一些瑞典激进主义者和立法者正要求采取更极端和更深远的措施,比如用一个中性词替代男女性别代词。题干中的lawmakers和genderless pronouns分别对应定位句中的legislators和a neutral alternative,故答案为L。

18、53. Swedish employers are hesitant about hiring women for full-time positions because of the family-friendly policies.

A A

B B

C C

D D

E E

F F

G G

H H

I I

J J

K K

L L

M M

答案解析:46. 正确答案:[J] Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men.

解析由题干中的close the gender gap和 continues to exist定位到J段。定位段首句提到,在性别融合和为男女提供同等机会和自由方面,瑞典已经走得比世界上其他任何一个国家都远了;定位段末句指出这种差异仍然存在。题干是对定位段首句和末句的概括,故答案为J。

47. 正确答案:[I] In its 2011-2012 survey, the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the world’s third most competitive economy; the United States came in fifth. Sweden, dubbed the “rocks tar of the recovery” in the Washington Post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness.

解析由题干中的one of the most competitive economies和life satisfaction定位到I段第二、三句:世界经济论坛将瑞典列为世界第三大最具竞争力的经济体,而且,瑞典在生活满意度和幸福感排名上也领先于世界其他国家。题干中的one of the most competitive economies和the greatest life satisfaction分别对应定位句中的the world’s third most competitive economy和 leads the world in life satisfaction,故答案为I。

48. 正确答案:[B] Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to Sweden’s 77 percent), American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals.

解析由题干中的more American women和hold elite job positions in business定位到B段倒数后三句:尽管美国职业女性的比例较低,但是选择工作的美国女性更有可能从事全职工作和担任高级别的工作职位,如经理或专业人士。她们还拥有或创办更多的新企业,也更有可能在传统的男性领域工作。在突破商业领域的玻璃天花板方面,美国女性遥遥领先。题干是对该部分的大意概括,故答案为B。

49. 正确答案:[D] In sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.

解析由题干中的family,friendly policies,tend to和women’s careers定位到D段末句:慷慨的家庭友好政策确实让更多的女性留在了劳动力市场,但是也往往不利于她们职业生涯的发展。题干与定位句意思一致,故答案为D。

50. 正确答案:[A] Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament.

解析由题干中的quota system和representation in government定位到A段第四句:由于非官方的配额制度,女性在瑞典议会中占据了45%的席位。题干中的women’s better representation,the quota system和in government分别对应定位句中的women hold 45 percent of positions,an unofficial quota system和in the Swedish parliament,故答案为A。

51. 正确答案:[H] Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model.

解析由题干中的the Swedish model和most American parents定位到H段倒数第二句:瑞典的某些体制可能适合大多数的美国父母,但美国不太可能完全接受瑞典模式。题干中的the Swedish model对应定位句中的Some version of the Swedish system, may not be accepted by them对应定位句中的is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model,故答案为H。

52. 正确答案:[M] Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer.

解析由题干中的the freedom and opportunity定位到M段第四句:大多数母亲并不向往具有竞争力的精英的全职岗位,瑞典的政策已经给了她们自由和机会去过自己更喜欢的生活。choose their own way of life是对定位句中的live the lives they prefer的同义转述,故答案为M。

53. 正确答案:[E] According to Blau and Kahn, Swedish-style paternal (父亲的) leave policies and flexible-time arrangements pose a second threat to women’s progress: they make employers cautious about hiring women for full-time positions at all.

解析由题干中的hiring women for full-time positions定位到E段第一句:Blau和Kahn称,瑞典式产假政策和弹性时间安排对女性形成了第二个威胁:它们让雇主在聘用女性担任全职职位时小心翼翼。题干中的关键词与定位句中的表述一致,且hesitant对应定位句中的cautious,故答案为E。

54. 正确答案:[A] ...according to a government website, “gender-awareness education is increasingly common.

解析由题干中的gender,awareness education和state-subsidized preschools定位到A段第三句:某政府网站显示,在有瑞典政府补贴的幼儿尉中,性别意识教育越来越普遍。题干中的关键词均与定位句中的表述一致,故答案为A。

55. 正确答案:[L] Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitate (被吸引) toward gendered play.

解析由题干中的lawmakers和gender less pronouns定位到L段第一句:一些瑞典激进主义者和立法者正要求采取更极端和更深远的措施,比如用一个中性词替代男女性别代词。题干中的lawmakers和genderless pronouns分别对应定位句中的legislators和a neutral alternative,故答案为L。

19、54. Gender-awareness education is becoming more and more popular in state-subsidized preschools in Sweden.

A A

B B

C C

D D

E E

F F

G G

H H

I I

J J

K K

L L

M M

答案解析:46. 正确答案:[J] Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men.

解析由题干中的close the gender gap和 continues to exist定位到J段。定位段首句提到,在性别融合和为男女提供同等机会和自由方面,瑞典已经走得比世界上其他任何一个国家都远了;定位段末句指出这种差异仍然存在。题干是对定位段首句和末句的概括,故答案为J。

47. 正确答案:[I] In its 2011-2012 survey, the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the world’s third most competitive economy; the United States came in fifth. Sweden, dubbed the “rocks tar of the recovery” in the Washington Post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness.

解析由题干中的one of the most competitive economies和life satisfaction定位到I段第二、三句:世界经济论坛将瑞典列为世界第三大最具竞争力的经济体,而且,瑞典在生活满意度和幸福感排名上也领先于世界其他国家。题干中的one of the most competitive economies和the greatest life satisfaction分别对应定位句中的the world’s third most competitive economy和 leads the world in life satisfaction,故答案为I。

48. 正确答案:[B] Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to Sweden’s 77 percent), American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals.

解析由题干中的more American women和hold elite job positions in business定位到B段倒数后三句:尽管美国职业女性的比例较低,但是选择工作的美国女性更有可能从事全职工作和担任高级别的工作职位,如经理或专业人士。她们还拥有或创办更多的新企业,也更有可能在传统的男性领域工作。在突破商业领域的玻璃天花板方面,美国女性遥遥领先。题干是对该部分的大意概括,故答案为B。

49. 正确答案:[D] In sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.

解析由题干中的family,friendly policies,tend to和women’s careers定位到D段末句:慷慨的家庭友好政策确实让更多的女性留在了劳动力市场,但是也往往不利于她们职业生涯的发展。题干与定位句意思一致,故答案为D。

50. 正确答案:[A] Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament.

解析由题干中的quota system和representation in government定位到A段第四句:由于非官方的配额制度,女性在瑞典议会中占据了45%的席位。题干中的women’s better representation,the quota system和in government分别对应定位句中的women hold 45 percent of positions,an unofficial quota system和in the Swedish parliament,故答案为A。

51. 正确答案:[H] Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model.

解析由题干中的the Swedish model和most American parents定位到H段倒数第二句:瑞典的某些体制可能适合大多数的美国父母,但美国不太可能完全接受瑞典模式。题干中的the Swedish model对应定位句中的Some version of the Swedish system, may not be accepted by them对应定位句中的is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model,故答案为H。

52. 正确答案:[M] Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer.

解析由题干中的the freedom and opportunity定位到M段第四句:大多数母亲并不向往具有竞争力的精英的全职岗位,瑞典的政策已经给了她们自由和机会去过自己更喜欢的生活。choose their own way of life是对定位句中的live the lives they prefer的同义转述,故答案为M。

53. 正确答案:[E] According to Blau and Kahn, Swedish-style paternal (父亲的) leave policies and flexible-time arrangements pose a second threat to women’s progress: they make employers cautious about hiring women for full-time positions at all.

解析由题干中的hiring women for full-time positions定位到E段第一句:Blau和Kahn称,瑞典式产假政策和弹性时间安排对女性形成了第二个威胁:它们让雇主在聘用女性担任全职职位时小心翼翼。题干中的关键词与定位句中的表述一致,且hesitant对应定位句中的cautious,故答案为E。

54. 正确答案:[A] ...according to a government website, “gender-awareness education is increasingly common.

解析由题干中的gender,awareness education和state-subsidized preschools定位到A段第三句:某政府网站显示,在有瑞典政府补贴的幼儿尉中,性别意识教育越来越普遍。题干中的关键词均与定位句中的表述一致,故答案为A。

55. 正确答案:[L] Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitate (被吸引) toward gendered play.

解析由题干中的lawmakers和gender less pronouns定位到L段第一句:一些瑞典激进主义者和立法者正要求采取更极端和更深远的措施,比如用一个中性词替代男女性别代词。题干中的lawmakers和genderless pronouns分别对应定位句中的legislators和a neutral alternative,故答案为L。

20、55. Some lawmakers in Sweden propose that gender less pronouns be used in the Swedish language.

A A

B B

C C

D D

E E

F F

G G

H H

I I

J J

K K

L L

M M

答案解析:46. 正确答案:[J] Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men.

解析由题干中的close the gender gap和 continues to exist定位到J段。定位段首句提到,在性别融合和为男女提供同等机会和自由方面,瑞典已经走得比世界上其他任何一个国家都远了;定位段末句指出这种差异仍然存在。题干是对定位段首句和末句的概括,故答案为J。

47. 正确答案:[I] In its 2011-2012 survey, the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the world’s third most competitive economy; the United States came in fifth. Sweden, dubbed the “rocks tar of the recovery” in the Washington Post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness.

解析由题干中的one of the most competitive economies和life satisfaction定位到I段第二、三句:世界经济论坛将瑞典列为世界第三大最具竞争力的经济体,而且,瑞典在生活满意度和幸福感排名上也领先于世界其他国家。题干中的one of the most competitive economies和the greatest life satisfaction分别对应定位句中的the world’s third most competitive economy和 leads the world in life satisfaction,故答案为I。

48. 正确答案:[B] Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to Sweden’s 77 percent), American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals.

解析由题干中的more American women和hold elite job positions in business定位到B段倒数后三句:尽管美国职业女性的比例较低,但是选择工作的美国女性更有可能从事全职工作和担任高级别的工作职位,如经理或专业人士。她们还拥有或创办更多的新企业,也更有可能在传统的男性领域工作。在突破商业领域的玻璃天花板方面,美国女性遥遥领先。题干是对该部分的大意概括,故答案为B。

49. 正确答案:[D] In sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.

解析由题干中的family,friendly policies,tend to和women’s careers定位到D段末句:慷慨的家庭友好政策确实让更多的女性留在了劳动力市场,但是也往往不利于她们职业生涯的发展。题干与定位句意思一致,故答案为D。

50. 正确答案:[A] Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament.

解析由题干中的quota system和representation in government定位到A段第四句:由于非官方的配额制度,女性在瑞典议会中占据了45%的席位。题干中的women’s better representation,the quota system和in government分别对应定位句中的women hold 45 percent of positions,an unofficial quota system和in the Swedish parliament,故答案为A。

51. 正确答案:[H] Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model.

解析由题干中的the Swedish model和most American parents定位到H段倒数第二句:瑞典的某些体制可能适合大多数的美国父母,但美国不太可能完全接受瑞典模式。题干中的the Swedish model对应定位句中的Some version of the Swedish system, may not be accepted by them对应定位句中的is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model,故答案为H。

52. 正确答案:[M] Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer.

解析由题干中的the freedom and opportunity定位到M段第四句:大多数母亲并不向往具有竞争力的精英的全职岗位,瑞典的政策已经给了她们自由和机会去过自己更喜欢的生活。choose their own way of life是对定位句中的live the lives they prefer的同义转述,故答案为M。

53. 正确答案:[E] According to Blau and Kahn, Swedish-style paternal (父亲的) leave policies and flexible-time arrangements pose a second threat to women’s progress: they make employers cautious about hiring women for full-time positions at all.

解析由题干中的hiring women for full-time positions定位到E段第一句:Blau和Kahn称,瑞典式产假政策和弹性时间安排对女性形成了第二个威胁:它们让雇主在聘用女性担任全职职位时小心翼翼。题干中的关键词与定位句中的表述一致,且hesitant对应定位句中的cautious,故答案为E。

54. 正确答案:[A] ...according to a government website, “gender-awareness education is increasingly common.

解析由题干中的gender,awareness education和state-subsidized preschools定位到A段第三句:某政府网站显示,在有瑞典政府补贴的幼儿尉中,性别意识教育越来越普遍。题干中的关键词均与定位句中的表述一致,故答案为A。

55. 正确答案:[L] Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitate (被吸引) toward gendered play.

解析由题干中的lawmakers和gender less pronouns定位到L段第一句:一些瑞典激进主义者和立法者正要求采取更极端和更深远的措施,比如用一个中性词替代男女性别代词。题干中的lawmakers和genderless pronouns分别对应定位句中的legislators和a neutral alternative,故答案为L。

Part III Reading Comprehension

    Texting has long been bemoaned (哀叹) as the downfall of the written word, “penmanship for illiterates,” as one critic called it. To which the proper response is LOL. Texting properly isn’t writing at all. It’s a “spoken” language that is getting richer and more complex by the year.

    First, some historical perspective. Writing was only invented 5500 years ago, whereas language probably traces back at least 80000 years. Thus talking came first; writing is just a craft that came along later. As such, the first writing was based on the way people talk, with short sentences. However, while talking is largely subconscious and rapid, writing is deliberate and slow. Over time, writers took advantage of this and started crafting long-winded sentences such as this one: “The whole engagement lasted above12 hours, till the gradual retreat of the Persians was changed into a disorderly flight, of which the shameful example was given by the principal leaders and...”

    No one talks like that casually—or should. But it is natural to desire to do so for special occasions. In the old days, we didn’t much write like talking because there was no mechanism to reproduce the speed of conversation. But texting and instant messaging do—and a revolution has begun. It involves the crude mechanics of writing, but in its economy, spontaneity and even vulgarity, texting is actually a new kind of talking, with its own kind of grammar and conventions.

    Take LOL. It doesn’t actually mean “laughing out loud” in a literal sense anymore. LOL has evolved into something much subtler and sophisticated and is used even when nothing is remotely amusing. Jocelyn texts “Where have you been?” and Annabelle texts back “LOL at the library studying for two hours.” LOL signals basic empathy (同感) between texters, easing tension and creating a sense of equality. Instead of having a literal meaning, it does something—conveying an attitude—just like the -ed ending conveys past tense rather than “meaning” anything. LOL, of all things, is grammar.

    Of course no one thinks about that consciously. But then most of communication operates without being noticed. Over time, the meaning of a word or an expression drifts—meat used to mean any kind of food, silly used to mean, believe it or not, blessed.

    Civilization, then, is fine—people banging away on their smart phones are fluently using a code separate from the one they use in actual writing, and there is no evidence that texting is ruining composition skills. Worldwide people speak differently from the way they write, and texting—quick, casual and only intended to be read once is actually a way of talking with your fingers.

21、56. What do critics say about texting?

A It is mainly confined to youngsters.

B It competes with traditional writing.

C It will ruin the written language.

D It is often hard to understand.

答案解析:

由题干中的critics定位到首段第一句:长期以来短信都被哀叹为造成书面语衰退的原因,一位评论家称其为“文盲的书面语言”。故答案为C。

22、57. In what way does the author say writing is different from talking?

A It is crafted with specific skills.

B It expresses ideas more accurately.

C It does not have as long a history.

D It is not as easy to comprehend.

答案解析:

根据题文同序原则定位到第二段。定位段第三句指出,写作是一种表达技巧;第五、六句指出,写作是深思熟虑的,所以作家们便开始利用这点造出冗长的句子,由此可见写作是需要特殊的技巧的,故答案为A。

23、58. Why is LOL much used in texting?

A It brings texters closer to each other.

B It shows the texter’s sophistication.

C It is a trendy way to communicate.

D It adds to the humor of the text.

答案解析:

根据题干中的LOL和much used定位到文章第四段第五句:LOL表示短信收发者之间有同样感受,它有利于缓解紧张并营造一种平等的感觉,也就是说它拉近了短信收发者之间的距离,故答案为A。

24、59. Examples like meat and silly are cited to show______.

A the difference between writing and talking

B how differently words are used in texting

C why people use the words the way they do

D the gradual change of word meaning

答案解析:

由题干中的meat和silly定位到第五段最后一句:随着时间的推移,单词或词组的意思也会发生改变——“meat”曾经指任意一种食物,而“silly”在过去的意思为“神圣的”。故答案为D。

25、60. What does the author think of texting?

A It facilitates exchange of ideas among people.

B It is a new form of verbal communication.

C It deteriorates people’s composition skills.

D It hastens the decline of the written word.

答案解析:

由题干中的think of和texting定位到第三段最后一句和文章最后一句。第三段最后一句指出,短信实际上是一种新的说话方式,有着自己的语法和惯例;文章最后一句指出,短信因其快速、随意和只会被阅读一次的特点,实际上已经成为一种用手指说话的方式。故答案为B。

Part III Reading Comprehension

    It’s possible to admire Oprah Winfrey and still wish Harvard hadn’t awarded her an honorary doctor of law degree and the commencement (毕业典礼) speaker spot at yesterday’s graduation. There’s no question Oprah’s achievements place her in the temple of American success stories. Talent, charm, and an exceptional work ethic have rarely hurled anyone as far as they have this former abused teenage mother from rural Mississippi who became one of the world’s most successful entertainment icons and the first African-American female billionaire.

    Honorary degrees are often conferred on non-academic leaders in the arts, business, and politics. Harvard’s list in recent years has included Kofi Annan, Bill Gates, Meryl Streep, and David Souter. But Oprah’s particular brand of celebrity is not a good fit for the values of a university whose motto (座右铭),Veritas, means truth. Oprah’s passionate advocacy extends, unfortunately, to a hearty embrace of fake science. Most notoriously, Oprah’s validation of Jenny Me Carthy’s claim that vaccines cause autism (自闭症) has no doubt contributed to much harm through the foolish avoidance of vaccines.

    Famous people are entitled to a few failings, like the rest of us, and the choice of commencement speakers often reflects a balance of institutional priorities and aspirations. Judging from our conversations with many students, Oprah was a widely popular choice.

    But this vote of confidence in Oprah sends a troubling message at precisely the time when American universities need to do more to advance the cause of reason. As former Dean of Harvard College, Harry Lewis, noted in a blog post about his objections, “It seems very odd for Harvard to honor such a high profile popularizer of the irrational.., at a time when political and religious nonsense so jeopardize the rule of reason in this allegedly enlightened democracy and around the world.”

    As America’s oldest and most visible university, Harvard has a special opportunity to convey its respect for science not only through its research and teaching programs but also in its public affirmation of evidence-based inquiry.

    Unfortunately, many American universities seem awfully busy protecting their brand name and not nearly busy enough protecting the pursuit of knowledge. A recent article in The Harvard Crimson noted the shocking growth of Harvard’s public relations arm in the last five years and it questioned whether a focus on risk management and avoiding controversy was really the best outward-looking face of this great institution.

    As American research universities begin to resemble profit centers and entertainment complexes, it’s easy to lose sight of their primary mission: to produce and spread knowledge. This mission depends on traditions of rational discourse and vigorous defense of the scientific method. Oprah Winfrey’s honorary doctorate was a step in the wrong direction.

26、61. What do we learn about Oprah Winfrey from the passage?

A She was a distinguished graduate of Harvard School of Law.

B She worked her way to success in the entertainment industry.

C She used to abuse her children when she was a young mother.

D She achieved her fame through persistent advocacy of fake science.

答案解析:

由题干中的Oprah Winfrey并结合选项定位到首段最后一句:Oprah Winfrey从遭人虐待的未成年母亲成长为世界上最成功的娱乐界偶像之一,也就是说她在娱乐界取得了成功,故答案为B。

27、62. Why does the author deem it inappropriate for Harvard to confer an honorary degree on Oprah Winfrey?

A She did not specialize in the study of law.

B She was known as s supporter of fake science.

C She was an icon of the entertainment industry.

D She had not distinguished herself academically.

答案解析:

由题干中的inappropriate和honorary degree定位到第二段第三、四句: Oprah特殊的名人类型并不适合一个以真理为座右铭的大学的价值观。不幸的是,Oprah充满激情的支持扩大到了对伪科学的强烈拥护。综上可知,作者认为哈佛不应授予Oprah荣誉学位是因为她拥护伪科学,故答案为B。

28、63. How did Harry Lewis react to Harvard’s decision in his blog post?

A He was strongly against it.

B He considered it unpopular.

C He thought it would help enhance Harvard’s reputation.

D He thought it represented the will of the Harvard community.

答案解析:

由题干中的Harry Lewis定位到第四段第二句:哈佛学院前任院长Harry Lewis在一篇博客帖子中提出了他的反对意见,故答案为A。

29、64. What is the author’s regret about many American universities?

A They show inadequate respect for evidence-based inquiry.

B They fall short of expectations in teaching and research.

C They attach too much importance to public relations.

D They are tolerant of political and religious nonsense.

答案解析:

由题干中的American universities定位到倒数第二段前两句:许多美国大学似乎都忙于保护他们的品牌,而疏于对知识追求的保护。哈佛大学的公共关系部门在过去五年的发展令人震惊。结合第一句中的unfortunately可知,作者对许多美国大学过于重视公共关系而感到遗憾,故答案为C。

30、65. What does the author think a prestigious university like Harvard should focus on?

A Cultivation of student creativity.

B Defense of the scientific method.

C Liberation of the human mind.

D Pursuit of knowledge and truth.

答案解析:

由题干中的prestigious university和focus on定位到最后两段:不幸的是,美国的许多大学疏于对知识追求的保护。当美国的研究型大学开始变得像利润中心和娱乐中心时,它们很容易忽略自己最初的使命:创造和传播知识。综合以上信息可知,作者认为像哈佛这样有威望的大学应该专注于追求知识与真理,故答案为D。

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