Part III Reading Comprehension
For investors who desire low risk and guaranteed income, US government bonds are a secure investment because these bonds have the financial backing and full faith and credit of the federal government. Municipal bonds, also secure, are offered by local governments and often have (36)_____such as tax-free interest. Some may even be(37)_____. Corporate bonds are a bit more risky.
Two questions often (38)_____first-time corporate bond investors. The first is “If I purchase a corporate bond, do I have to hold it until the maturity date?” The answer is no. Bonds are bought and sold daily on (39)_____securities exchanges. However, if you decide to sell your bond before its maturity date, you’re not guaranteed to get the face value of the bond. For example, if your bond does not have (40)_____that make it attractive to other investors, you may be forced to sell your bond at a (41)_____, i.e., a price less than the bond’s face value. But if your bond is highly valued by other investors, you may be able to sell it at a premium, i.e., a price above its face value. Bond prices generally (42)_____inversely (相反地) with current market interest rates. As interest rates go up, bond prices fall, and vice versa (反之亦然). Thus, like all investments, bonds have a degree of risk.
The second question is “How can I (43)_____the investment risk of a particular bond issue?” Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s Investors Service rate the level of risk of many corporate and government bonds. And (44)_____, the higher the market risk of a bond, the higher the interest rate. Investors will invest in a bond considered risky only if the (45)_____return is high enough.
1、 (1)
A conserved
B discount
C deduction
D insured
E bother
F assess
G embarrass
H naturally
I major
J potential
K advantages
L features
M indefinite
N fluctuate
O simultaneously
答案解析:
名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)
动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)
副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)
36.正确答案:advantages
解析:由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。
37. 正确答案:insured
解析:空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。
38. 正确答案:bother
解析:分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。
39. 正确答案:major
解析:空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。
40. 正确答案:features
解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。
41. 正确答案:discount
解析:空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。
42. 正确答案:fluctuate
解析:分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。
43. 正确答案:assess
解析:由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。
44. 正确答案:naturally
解析:空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。
45. 正确答案:potential
解析:空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。
2、 (2)
A conserved
B discount
C deduction
D insured
E bother
F assess
G embarrass
H naturally
I major
J potential
K advantages
L features
M indefinite
N fluctuate
O simultaneously
答案解析:
名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)
动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)
副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)
36.正确答案:advantages
解析:由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。
37. 正确答案:insured
解析:空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。
38. 正确答案:bother
解析:分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。
39. 正确答案:major
解析:空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。
40. 正确答案:features
解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。
41. 正确答案:discount
解析:空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。
42. 正确答案:fluctuate
解析:分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。
43. 正确答案:assess
解析:由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。
44. 正确答案:naturally
解析:空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。
45. 正确答案:potential
解析:空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。
3、 (3)
A conserved
B discount
C deduction
D insured
E bother
F assess
G embarrass
H naturally
I major
J potential
K advantages
L features
M indefinite
N fluctuate
O simultaneously
答案解析:
名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)
动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)
副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)
36.正确答案:advantages
解析:由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。
37. 正确答案:insured
解析:空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。
38. 正确答案:bother
解析:分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。
39. 正确答案:major
解析:空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。
40. 正确答案:features
解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。
41. 正确答案:discount
解析:空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。
42. 正确答案:fluctuate
解析:分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。
43. 正确答案:assess
解析:由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。
44. 正确答案:naturally
解析:空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。
45. 正确答案:potential
解析:空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。
4、 (4)
A conserved
B discount
C deduction
D insured
E bother
F assess
G embarrass
H naturally
I major
J potential
K advantages
L features
M indefinite
N fluctuate
O simultaneously
答案解析:
名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)
动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)
副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)
36.正确答案:advantages
解析:由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。
37. 正确答案:insured
解析:空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。
38. 正确答案:bother
解析:分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。
39. 正确答案:major
解析:空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。
40. 正确答案:features
解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。
41. 正确答案:discount
解析:空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。
42. 正确答案:fluctuate
解析:分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。
43. 正确答案:assess
解析:由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。
44. 正确答案:naturally
解析:空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。
45. 正确答案:potential
解析:空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。
5、 (5)
A conserved
B discount
C deduction
D insured
E bother
F assess
G embarrass
H naturally
I major
J potential
K advantages
L features
M indefinite
N fluctuate
O simultaneously
答案解析:
名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)
动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)
副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)
36.正确答案:advantages
解析:由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。
37. 正确答案:insured
解析:空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。
38. 正确答案:bother
解析:分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。
39. 正确答案:major
解析:空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。
40. 正确答案:features
解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。
41. 正确答案:discount
解析:空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。
42. 正确答案:fluctuate
解析:分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。
43. 正确答案:assess
解析:由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。
44. 正确答案:naturally
解析:空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。
45. 正确答案:potential
解析:空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。
6、 (6)
A conserved
B discount
C deduction
D insured
E bother
F assess
G embarrass
H naturally
I major
J potential
K advantages
L features
M indefinite
N fluctuate
O simultaneously
答案解析:
名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)
动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)
副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)
36.正确答案:advantages
解析:由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。
37. 正确答案:insured
解析:空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。
38. 正确答案:bother
解析:分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。
39. 正确答案:major
解析:空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。
40. 正确答案:features
解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。
41. 正确答案:discount
解析:空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。
42. 正确答案:fluctuate
解析:分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。
43. 正确答案:assess
解析:由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。
44. 正确答案:naturally
解析:空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。
45. 正确答案:potential
解析:空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。
7、 (7)
A conserved
B discount
C deduction
D insured
E bother
F assess
G embarrass
H naturally
I major
J potential
K advantages
L features
M indefinite
N fluctuate
O simultaneously
答案解析:
名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)
动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)
副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)
36.正确答案:advantages
解析:由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。
37. 正确答案:insured
解析:空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。
38. 正确答案:bother
解析:分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。
39. 正确答案:major
解析:空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。
40. 正确答案:features
解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。
41. 正确答案:discount
解析:空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。
42. 正确答案:fluctuate
解析:分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。
43. 正确答案:assess
解析:由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。
44. 正确答案:naturally
解析:空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。
45. 正确答案:potential
解析:空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。
8、 (8)
A conserved
B discount
C deduction
D insured
E bother
F assess
G embarrass
H naturally
I major
J potential
K advantages
L features
M indefinite
N fluctuate
O simultaneously
答案解析:
名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)
动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)
副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)
36.正确答案:advantages
解析:由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。
37. 正确答案:insured
解析:空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。
38. 正确答案:bother
解析:分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。
39. 正确答案:major
解析:空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。
40. 正确答案:features
解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。
41. 正确答案:discount
解析:空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。
42. 正确答案:fluctuate
解析:分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。
43. 正确答案:assess
解析:由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。
44. 正确答案:naturally
解析:空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。
45. 正确答案:potential
解析:空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。
9、 (9)
A conserved
B discount
C deduction
D insured
E bother
F assess
G embarrass
H naturally
I major
J potential
K advantages
L features
M indefinite
N fluctuate
O simultaneously
答案解析:
名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)
动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)
副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)
36.正确答案:advantages
解析:由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。
37. 正确答案:insured
解析:空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。
38. 正确答案:bother
解析:分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。
39. 正确答案:major
解析:空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。
40. 正确答案:features
解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。
41. 正确答案:discount
解析:空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。
42. 正确答案:fluctuate
解析:分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。
43. 正确答案:assess
解析:由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。
44. 正确答案:naturally
解析:空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。
45. 正确答案:potential
解析:空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。
10、 (10)
A conserved
B discount
C deduction
D insured
E bother
F assess
G embarrass
H naturally
I major
J potential
K advantages
L features
M indefinite
N fluctuate
O simultaneously
答案解析:
名词:advantages(优势), bother(麻烦), deduction(扣除,推论), discount(折扣), features(特点), major(专业)
动词:assess(评估), bother(打扰,烦扰), discount(打折), embarrass(使困窘), features(以……为特色), fluctuate(波动), insured(确保,给……保险), major(主修)形容词:conserved(保守的), indefinite(不确定的,无限的), major(主要的), potential(潜在的)
副词:naturally(自然地), simultaneously(同时地)
36.正确答案:advantages
解析:由空格前的often have和空格后的such as tax-free interest可知,此处应填入名词。根据本句前半句可知,此处是对“市政债券也很安全”这一观点的进一步阐述,且空格后提到了tax-free interest“免税利息”,故答案为advantages“优点,好处”。
37. 正确答案:insured
解析:空格位于be之后,据此推断此处可能填形容词或动词的分词形式。本句承接上一句,也是阐述市政债券的优点,即比较安全,故答案为insured“投保”。
38. 正确答案:bother
解析:分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,故空格处应填入动词。根据空格前的questions和空格后的first time corporate bond investors之间的逻辑关系可推知答案为bother“烦扰”。
39. 正确答案:major
解析:空格位于介词on和名词词组securities exchanges之间,由此推断此处应填入形容词。根据常识,债券应是在主要的证券交易所买进和卖出,故答案为major“主要的”。
40. 正确答案:features
解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处应填一个名词作先行词,再由谓语make可知空格处应填入可数名词复数。根据句意可知,该定语从句主要讲的是吸引其他投资者的属性,结合备选项可知答案为features“特点,特色”。
41. 正确答案:discount
解析:空格位于介词at和不定冠词a之后,由此推断此处应填入可数名词单数。空格后还对该词进行了解释:即低于债券面值的价格。此外,再由下一句中的at a premium“超出平常价,溢价”,可推知答案为discount“折扣”。
42. 正确答案:fluctuate
解析:分析句子成分可知,空格所在句缺少谓语动词,故空格处应填入动词。结合下一句中的go up和fall可知,fluctuate “波动,起伏”符合句意,故为答案。
43. 正确答案:assess
解析:由空格前的can一词可知空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意,第二个问题是:”我怎样____某支债券的投资风险呢?”,再根据下一句中的rate“评价”可知,答案应为assess“评定,评价”。
44. 正确答案:naturally
解析:空格所在句子结构完整,且空格又在句子开头,由此推断空格处应填入副词起连接作用。根据句意,此处是对上一句的延伸与承接,故答案为naturally“当然,自然”。
45. 正确答案:potential
解析:空格位于定冠词the和名词return之间,由此推断空格处应填入形容词。根据句意,对于被认为有风险的债券,只有当它的____回报足够高时,投资者们才会对其进行投资,故答案为potential“潜在的”。
Part III Reading Comprehension
Lessons From a Feminist Paradise
【A】On the surface, Sweden appears to be a feminist paradise. Look at any global survey of gender equality and Sweden will be near the top. Family-friendly policies are its norm—with 16 months of paid parent all eave, special protections for part-time workers, and state-subsidized preschools where, according to a government website, “gender-awareness education is increasingly common.” Due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the Swedish parliament. They have enjoyed the protection of government agencies with titles like the Ministry of Integration and Gender Equality and the Secretariat of Gender Research. So why are American women so far ahead of their Swedish counterpart sin breaking through the glass ceiling?
【B】 In a 2012 report, the World Economic Forum found that when it comes to closing the gender gap in “economic participation and opportunity,” the United States is ahead of not only Sweden but also Finland, Denmark, the Netherlands, Iceland, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Sweden’s rank in there port can largely be explained by its political quota system. Though the United States has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to Sweden’s 77 percent), American women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals. They also own more businesses, launch more start-ups (新创办的企业), and more often work in traditionally male fields. As for breaking through the glass ceiling in business, American women are well in the lead.
【C】What explains the American advantage? How can it be that societies like Sweden, where gender equality is vigorously pursued and enforced, have fewer female managers, executives, professionals, and business owners than the laissez-faire (自由放任的) United States? A new study by Cornell economists Francine Blau and Lawrence Kahn gives an explanation.
【D】 Generous parental leave policies and readily available part-time options have unintended consequences: instead of strengthening women’s attachment to the workplace, they appear to weaken it. In addition to a 16-month leave, a Swedish parent has the right to work six hours a day (for a reduced salary) until his or her child is eight years old. Mothers are far more likely than fathers to take advantage of this law. But extended leaves and part-time employment are known to be harmful to careers--for both genders. And with women a second factor comes into play: most seem to enjoy the flexible-time arrangement (once known as the “mommy track”) and never find their way back to full-time or high-level employment. In sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.
【E】According to Blau and Kahn, Swedish-style paternal (父亲的) leave policies and flexible-time arrangements pose a second threat to women’s progress: they make employers cautious about hiring women for full-time positions at all. Offering a job to a man is the safer bet. He is far less likely to take a year of parental leave and then return on a reduced work schedule for the next eight years.
【F】 I became aware of the trials of career-focused European women a few years ago when I met a post-doctoral student from Germany who was then a visiting fellow at Johns Hopkins. She was astonished by the professional possibilities afforded to young American women. Her best hope in Germany was a government job-prospects for women in the private sector were dim. “In Germany,” she told me, “we have all the benefits, but employers don’t want to hire us.”
【G】Swedish economists Magnus Henrekson and Mikael Stenkula addressed the following question in their2009 study: why are there so few female top executives in the European egalitarian (平等主义的)welfare states? Their answer: “Broad-based welfare-state policies hinder women’s representation in elite competitive positions.”
【H】 It is tempting to declare the Swedish policies regressive (退步的) and hail the American system as superior. But that would be shortsighted. The Swedes can certainly take a lesson from the United States and look for ways to clear a path for their ambitious female careerists. But most women are not committed careerists. When the Pew Research Center recently asked American parents to identify their “ideal” life arrangement, 47 percent of mothers said they would prefer to work part-time and 20 percent said they would prefer not to work at all. Fathers answered differently: 75 percent preferred full-timework. Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model. Still, we can learn from their experience.
【I】 Despite its failure to shatter the glass ceiling, Sweden has one of the most powerful and innovative economies in the world. In its 2011-2012 survey, the World Economic Forum ranked Sweden as the world’s third most competitive economy; the United States came in fifth. Sweden, dubbed the “rocks tar of the recovery” in the Washington Post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness. It is a society well worth studying, and its efforts to conquer the gender gap impart a vital lesson--though not the lesson the Swedes had in mind.
【J】Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men. For decades, these descendants of the Vikings have been trying to show the world that the right mix of enlightened policy, consciousness raising, and non-sexist child rearing would close the gender divide once and for all. Yet the divide persists.
【K】A 2012 press release from Statistics Sweden bears the title “Gender Equality in Sweden Treading (踩) Water” and notes:
The total income from employment for all ages is lower for women than for men.
One in three employed women and one in ten employed men work part-time.
Women’s working time is influenced by the number and age of their children, but men’s working time is not affected by these factors.
Of all employees, only 13 percent of the women and 12 percent of the men have occupations with an even distribution of the sexes.
【L】Confronted with such facts, some Swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitate (被吸引) toward gendered play. When it came to light last year that mothers, far more than fathers, chose to stay home from work to care for their sick kids, Ulf Kristersson, minister of social security, quickly commissioned a study to determine the causes of and possible cures for this disturbing state of affairs.
【M】Swedish family policies, by accommodating women’s preferences effectively, are reducing the number of women in elite competitive positions. The Swedes will find this paradoxical and try to find solutions. Letus hope these do not include banning gender pronouns, policing children’s play, implementing more gender quotas, or treating women’s special attachment to home and family as a social injustice. Most mothers do not aspire to (向往) elite, competitive full-time positions: the Swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer. Americans should look past the gender rhetoric and consider what these Scandinavians have achieved. On their way to creating a feminist paradise, the Swedes have unintentionally created a haven (避风港) for normal mortals.
11、46. Sweden has done more than other nations to close the gender gap, but it continues to exist.
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
F F
G G
H H
I I
J J
K K
L L
M M
答案解析:46. 正确答案:[J] Sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men.