Part IV Translation
1、 中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如，土豪(tuhao)和大妈(dama)都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。 土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人。也就是说，土豪有钱，但没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但现在特指不久前金价下跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。 土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版牛津(Oxford)英语词典。至今已有约120个中文词被加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。
正确答案：
Chinese hot words, some of which are increasingly popular with foreign media, usually reflect social changes and culture. For instance, tuhao and dama are old words, but they have acquired new meanings.
In the old days, the word “tuhao” referred to village landlords who oppressed peasants and servants, but now it is used to describe people who spend money unwisely or like to show off their wealth. That’s to say, tuhaos have plenty of wealth but little tastes. The word “dama” was used to address middle-aged women, but now it refers in particular to those bargain-hunting middle-aged Chinese women who snapped up large stocks of gold when the price of gold plunged not long ago.
The words “tuhao” and “dama” may be included in the next edition of Oxford English dictionaries. To date, more than 120 Chinese-linked words have been written into Oxford English dictionaries, becoming a part of English language.
答案解析：
1.第一句中，“反映”可以翻译成reflect或者mirror。“有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行”可以处理为非限制性定语从句。
2.第三句中，“欺压”可以翻译为oppressed，或者转译为短语were mean to。“花钱如流水”可译为spend money unwisely或者money burns a hole in one’s pocket。“炫耀”用show off表达比较正式。
3.第四句中的“也就是说”可用短语In other words或 That is to say来表达。句中的“品位”实际上是“鉴赏力，欣赏力”的意思，可以译成taste。
4.第五句中，“金价下跌”可以翻译为the price of gold fell，或者将fell换成dropped或decreased。
5.第七句中的“已有”表示该句应该用现在完成时。“成了英语语言的一部分”在翻译时可以处理成现在分词短语作状语的形式，使文章句式多样化。
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