Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
1、 When people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world. These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates. Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate. A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education, compared with around 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25. This “brain drain” has long bothered policymakers in poor countries. They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make.
正确答案：
参考译文
当发展中国家的人考虑移民时，他们通常关心的是去硅谷或发达国家的医院或大学工作这样最好最光明的前景。这些人正是英国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国试图以大学毕业生移民优待政策的方式来吸引的人才。
很多研究发现，发展中国家受过良好教育的人尤其有可能移民。2004年关于印度家庭的一项大规模调查发现，将近40%移居国外的人受过高中以上教育。与之对比的是，全印度25岁以上受过高中教育的人约占3.3%。这种“人才流失”问题长期困扰着贫穷国家的决策者。他们担心这将损害本国经济，使他们丧失急需的熟练工人，而这些劳动者本可以在国内大学任教，在医院工作，或设计新颖的产品供工厂生产。
答案解析：
生词本
migration n. 迁移；移民
concerned adj. 关注的；担忧的
prospect n. 前景
departure n. 离开
Silicon Valley 硅谷
immigration n. 移民
privilege vt. 给予……特权
household n. 家庭
brain drain 人才流失
bother vt. 使烦恼
policymaker n. 决策者
deprive vt. 剥夺
表达难点
第一句：When people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world.
When引导时间状语从句，worry about表示“担忧，担心”，但这里翻译为“考虑”更符合语境，be concerned at表示“关注，关心”，of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities是介词短语作后置定语修饰prospect，这一表达过长，可以进行拆译，departure to+地点，表示“前往某地”，in the developed world是地点状语。这句话可译为：当发展中国家的人考虑移民时，他们通常关心的是去硅谷或发达国家的医院或大学工作这样最好最光明的前景。
第二句：These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates.
这句话包含两个定语从句，一个修饰workers，一个修饰immigration rules。这句话的主句是These are the kind of workers，注意workers不要翻译为“工人”，翻译为“人员、人才”更为符合语境。privilege在本句中使用了动词词性，需要特别注意。这句话可以译为：这些人正是英国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国试图以大学毕业生移民优待政策的方式来吸引的人才。
第三句：Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate.
本句使用了宾语从句，from developing countries是后置定语，修饰people，翻译时可处理为前置定语，be likely to do表示“可能……”。本句话可译为：很多研究发现，发展中国家受过良好教育的人尤其可能移民。
第四句：A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education, compared with around 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25.
本句使用了宾语从句，注意big不可直译为“大”，在这里指的是调查的规模，可译为“大规模的”，of Indian households是介词结构作后置定语，翻译时可以前置为“关于印度家庭的”，more than应翻译为“……以上”，compared with是过去分词结构作状语，翻译为“与之对比的是”。本句话可译为：2004年关于印度家庭的一项大规模调查发现，将近40%移居国外的人受过高中以上教育。与之对比的是，全印度25岁以上受过高中教育的人约占3.3%。
第五句：This “brain drain” has long bothered policymakers in poor countries.
本句为简单句，主谓宾结构，顺序直译即可，注意bothered一词的翻译。本句可译为：这种“人才流失”问题长期困扰着贫穷国家的决策者。
第六句：They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make.
本句的句子主干是they fear，fear的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。宾语从句的主干是it hurts their economies，后面depriving them of much-needed skilled workers是分词结构作状语，who could have…to make是定语从句，修饰workers，注意这里面使用了虚拟语气，需要翻译为“本可以”，且定语从句比较长，可以进行拆译。本句话可译为：他们担心这将损害本国经济，使他们丧失急需的熟练工人，而这些劳动者本可以在国内大学任教，在医院工作，或设计新颖的产品供工厂生产。
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