Section Ⅰ Use of English
Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. (1)_______ , a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been (2)_______ for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon “revolutionize the very (3)_______ of money itself,” only to (4)_______ itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so (5)_______ in coming?
Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work (6)_______ the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very (7)_______ to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the (8)_______ form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they (9)_______ receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to (10)_______. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of “float”—it takes several days (11)_______ a check is cashed and funds are (12)_______ from the issuer’s account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. (13)_______ electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.
Fourth, electronic means of payment (14)_______ security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information (15)_______ there. The fact that this is not an (16)_______ occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and (17)_______ from someone else’s accounts. The (18)_______ of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a whole new field of computer science is developing to (19)_______ security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic (20)_______ that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.
1、 (1)
A However
B Moreover
C Therefore
D Otherwise
答案解析：
答案精析：题目所在句说，真正的无现金社会可能还不会很快到来。而前一句表达对电子货币完全取代现金的前景的积极观点，可见这两种观点之间存在转折关系，只有A符合文章逻辑关系。
错项排除：B项会使两句话呈递进关系，C项表因果关系，而D项表示条件关系，均不符合原文逻辑，所以均排除。
2、 (2)
A off
B back
C over
D around
答案解析：
答案精析：题目所在句的时态为完成时，说明predictions二十年来的存在是一个连续状态。再根据上下文句意，预言_______了几十年，但至今还未实现。将各副词代入后发现固定搭配be around（存在）符合句意，表示一个持续现象，因此D项正确。
错项排除：off和over代入原文都表示有关无现金社会的预言消失了，背离全文主旨，所以排除A和C两项。而B项back表示预言曾经消失又重新出现，显然也不符合原意，因此排除。
3、 (3)
A power
B concept
C history
D role
答案解析：
答案精析：题目所在句的大意为：早在1975年，《商业周刊》就预言电子支付手段会很快“变革金钱本身的_______”。将选项逐个代入原文中，只有B选项符合逻辑，表示“变革金钱本身的概念”，因此选B。
错项排除：金钱的力量或角色不会因为以何种手段来流通而改变，因此A和D均在逻辑上不正确。金钱的历史是客观存在的，与电子支付无关，故排除C项。
4、 (4)
A reward
B resist
C resume
D reverse
答案解析：
答案精析：题目所在位置为上题所在句的结果状语，表示《商业周刊》在1975年作出预测，几年后就_______了自己。only to 表示出人意料的转折关系，因此空白应填入带有转折色彩的词，D选项填入表示推翻自己的言论、改变自己的立场，符合句意。
错项排除：因为only to表转折关系，带有顺接意义的A和C项可以排除。itself代指《商业周刊》，resist itself表示“抵制自己的预测”，在含义上不符，因此也应排除。
5、 (5)
A silent
B sudden
C slow
D steady
答案解析：
答案精析：题目所在句大意为：为什么向一个不用现金的社会转变会这么_______？根据上文可知，很久以前就有人预测电子支付会让人类很快迎来无现金时代，但至今没有实现，可知这个进化过程很缓慢，C符合句意。
错项排除：由文意无法得知电子货币的发展是否安静、突然还是稳定，信息不足，因此排除其他三项。
6、 (6)
A for
B against
C with
D on
答案解析：
答案精析：本题所在句与上下文有较强的联系，题目所在句指出，尽管电子支付方式可能比现金支付效率更高，但是还有一些因素_______现金支付的消失。句前的Although表转折关系，而下文分三点介绍了相比电子支付，现金支付具有的优点，说明这些因素在阻碍着现金支付的消失，against表示“阻碍”的意思，因此选B。
错项排除：work for表示“为……工作”，work with 表示“与……一同工作”，work on表示“忙于做……”。代入原文后这三项均不符合文意，故排除。
7、 (7)
A imaginative
B expensive
C sensitive
D productive
答案解析：
答案精析：本题所在句以it作形式主语，不定式to set up the computer...作主语，大意为要使电子货币成为主要支付方式，就需要配置一系列_______的设备。此处在讲电子支付未能使纸币支付手段消失的第一个原因，因而应该是这些设备的某种特性阻碍了电子货币的发展，因此该特性应有负面色彩，仅有B项“昂贵”体现了负面特性，因此B项正确。
错项排除：电子支付需要配备的设备不可能具有想象力或敏感这类人类具有的特性，所以A和C两项排除。而productive如果是电子支付设备的特性，应该促进而不是阻碍电子支付发展，逻辑不合，故排除D项。
8、 (8)
A similar
B original
C temporary
D dominant
答案解析：
答案精析：本题所在句以it作形式主语，不定式to set up the computer...作主语，大意为要使电子货币成为___支付方式，就需要配置一系列昂贵的设备。据上下文，我们很快会进入无现金社会，所有的支付都通过电子方式进行。仅有D项体现“占主导地位的”，因此D项正确。
错项排除：A项类似的，B项原始的，排除，未体现。C项临时的为干扰项，而dominant占主导地位的，逻辑符合，故选择D项。
9、 (9)
A collect
B provide
C copy
D print
答案解析：
答案精析：空白处所填词为that引导的从句的谓语，表明paper checks与receipts的关系。paper checks作为一项服务，对receipts的行为应该是provide（提供），使用现金支票支付可以提供收据，因此B项正确。
错项排除：paper checks不会主动进行收集行为，所以排除A。同理，“复印”和“印刷”都是人类对支票的操作，支票不能主动进行这些动作，所以排除C、D两项。
10、 (10)
A give up
B take over
C bring back
D pass down
答案解析：
答案精析：空处所填词为that引导的定语从句的谓语动词，从句修饰something，而something是receipts的同位语，故从句大意为：收据是顾客不愿______的东西。本句在解释纸币支票的优势是提供收据，可见收据应该是顾客喜欢的，即顾客不愿放弃收据，所以选A。
错项排除：从上文分析可知，顾客不愿放弃支票，而不是不愿“带回”或“接受”收据，B、C与原文文意相反，D项不合逻辑，故均排除。
11、 (11)
A before
B after
C since
D when
答案解析：
答案精析：破折号后内容是对前面的“float”的补充解释，从several days和后面的in the meantime可知，支票兑现前是有几天时间的，故填入before，即选A。
错项排除：由于从提出申请到获得资金是一个分先后的过程，所以其他的顺序都不正确，两件事不会颠倒顺序发生，B排除。也不会同时发生，D排除。取得款项不是一个延续性的动作，C排除。
12、 (12)
A kept
B borrowed
C released
D withdrawn
答案解析：
答案精析：原题大意为支票兑现和资金从出票人账户中_______。支票兑现和从出票人处得到资金为并列关系，因此表示的资金流程应该意义相近，withdraw的过去分词withdrawn可以表示“资金被提取”的意思，因此D项正确。
错项排除：与“支票兑现”意义相近的选项应表示资金从出票人流向兑现者，因此A项kept排除。出票人没有“发行”钱款的权限，因此C项released不合逻辑。B选项表示从出票人处借钱，但支票兑现表明这笔钱本身就属于兑现人，并非借款，因此borrowed错误。
13、 (13)
A Unless
B Until
C Because
D Though
答案解析：
答案精析：此题需要联系上下文理解，确定空格处表示的逻辑含义。上一句表示在支票兑现和资金被提取的几天中还可以赚取利息；而电子支付实时完成转账，以至于消费者不再具有这样一个被称为“浮动期”的时间。可见电子支付的实时性正是导致消费者没有浮动期的原因，二者间存在因果关系，因此选C。
错项排除：A选项表条件，B选项表时间，D选项表让步，代入原文均不符合文章想要表达的逻辑关系，故排除。
14、 (14)
A hide
B express
C raise
D ease
答案解析：
答案精析：题目所在句为主谓宾结构，大意为电子支付方式_______了（人们）对安全和隐私的担忧。根据下文中黑客入侵的相关信息，可知，电子支付引发人们对安全和隐私的担忧，所以C项正确。
错项排除：从后文媒体经常报道黑客入侵可知人们没有“隐藏”担忧，这种忧虑也没有“减轻”，所以A、D两项排除。主语是电子支付方式，不是人们，所以“表达”也不合逻辑，故排除B项。
15、 (15)
A analyzed
B shared
C stored
D displayed
答案解析：
答案精析：选项为过去分词作后置定语，表示“被_______在电脑数据库的信息”，主语是unauthorized hacker，可以推测出黑客入侵电脑数据库，修改储存在数据库中的信息，选C。
错项排除：数据库中数据来源不止是被“分享”或“显示”这两种，所以B项和D项应排除，而电脑数据库也不具备“分析”的功能，所以排除A项。
16、 (16)
A unsafe
B unnatural
C uncommon
D unclear
答案解析：
答案精析：空处所填词为定语修饰that引导的同位语从句的表语occurrence，表示黑客入侵数据库并窃取信息的行为并非_______。而再根据上文中We often hear media reports that...得知，媒体经常报道这种新闻，所以黑客行为经常发生，即并非鲜见，C选项“并非不寻常”意义与之相近，为正确答案。
错项排除：黑客入侵数据库的行为不可能是安全的，所以A排除。这种行为也与是否自然无关，B排除。根据上文得知黑客入侵时有发生，所以也并非不清楚，D排除。
17、 (17)
A steal
B choose
C benefit
D return
答案解析：
答案精析：空处所填词与access并列。前半句的大意为进入电子支付系统中的银行账户，空格后面则是dishonest persons（指黑客）对其他人的账户的动作，因此steal最符合文意，表示“从别人账户里偷钱”。
错项排除：不诚实的人进入他人账户，如果只是做出选择，逻辑不通，B排除。而return from someone else’s accounts表示“从别人账户中返回”，语义不通。而C选项benefit from虽然在逻辑上通顺，但没有表达如何靠登录他人账户获益，也应排除。
18、 (18)
A consideration
B prevention
C manipulation
D justification
答案解析：
答案精析：题目所在句提到，_______这种欺诈并不是一项简单的任务。根据上下文逻辑可知这种欺诈行为需要被人们阻止，因此B项符合题意。
错项排除：欺诈行为显然不应该被“考虑”或“正当化”，因此A、D两项可以排除。而C项表示操纵欺诈，也不符文意，所以排除。
19、 (19)
A cope with
B fight against
C adapt to
D call for
答案解析：
答案精析：题目所在句位于上题出题部分的并列句，大意是一个新的计算机领域正在发展，以_______安全问题。上题说到需要防止欺诈问题发生，而新学科的开发是为了堵住安全问题的漏洞，所以cope with符合文意，选A。
错项排除：将各短语代入空中，B项“与安全问题斗争”不合逻辑。C选项“适应安全问题”显然不是开发新计算机领域的原因。D项“要求安全问题”逻辑不通，均可排除。
20、 (20)
A chunk
B chip
C path
D trail
答案解析：
答案精析：空处所填词是其后that引导的定语从句的先行词，是前面that引导的表语从句的宾语，即电子支付会留下电子_______，其中包含大量信息。而最后一句提及可以通过留下的东西来获取数据、侵犯隐私，可以得知D选项“留下痕迹”最符合文意。
错项排除：其他三项如果代入空处，表示“留下电子块”或“留下电子芯片”，都不符合句意，故排除。C选项说留下路径，在中文语境似乎连贯，但path指现实的小路或人生选择的道路，不指电子记录，所以也排除。
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”
Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.
In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifestyle. But, today, average is officially over. Being average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra—their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.
Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes, “In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs—about 6 million in total—disappeared.”
There will always be changes—new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.
In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I. Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to post-high school education.
21、21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate ________.
A the impact of technological advances
B the alleviation of job pressure
C the shrinkage of textile mills
D the decline of middle-class incomes
答案解析：
答案精析：由题干定位至第一段，关键词joke定位到冒号后的内容。笑话内容大意为，只需要一条狗和一个人就可以开一间纺织厂，人负责喂狗，狗负责使人远离机器，可见自动化程度之高。因此该笑话反映的是很少的人力就能达到很高的生产力，而这种进步的来源就是技术水平的提高。所以A为正确答案。
错项排除：文中并没有提及技术进步与工作压力的关系，因此B项排除。笑话中只提及纺织厂工人少，无从判断纺织业规模是否缩水，故排除C选项。D选项中的middle-class在文章中未提及。
22、22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to ________.
A work on cheap software
B ask for a moderate salary
C adopt an average lifestyle
D contribute something unique
答案解析：
答案精析：由题干可知答案位于第三段，再根据关键词successful定位到最后一句的... that makes them stand out。本句大意为：因此，每个人都需要找到他们的独特性——能使他们在工作领域中脱颖而出的独特价值。D选项是对原文中unique value contribution的同义转述，故D项正确。
错项排除：A选项定义为廉价成本的其中一种，是雇主可以轻易获得的资源之一，与工作者无关。B选项中的关键词salary主要对应原文中的廉价外国劳动力，但并没有直接说明成功与薪水之间的联系。C选项的关键词average是文章主旨中需要抛弃的，因此排除。
23、23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ________.
A gains of technology have been erased
B job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed
C factories are making much less money than before
D new jobs and services have been offered
答案解析：
答案精析：Davidson的话概括性地描述了现在工作岗位的迅速消失，工厂快速裁员（factories shed workers so fast），制造业岗位消失了三分之一（one out of every... disappeared），可以直接得出B选项与原文吻合。
错项排除：原文第四段第三句中gains指人员新增，并非gains of technology，A项偷换概念。原文只是指工厂裁员，并没有提及工厂收益的变化，所以C选项不成立。D项与引用Davidson的话相矛盾，也排除。
24、24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is ________.
A [A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution
B [B] to ensure more education for people
C [C] to advance economic globalization
D [D] to pass more bills in the 21st century
答案解析：
答案精析：题目关键词reduce the unemployment对应第六段第二句中的support employment（帮助就业），说明关键信息在第六段附近。后半句的从句指出，保证21世纪的每个美国人都能接受高等教育。再回到第五段找到另一个转述词more and better education，也是提高个人工作能力的一个关键点：更多更好的教育，由此可知答案关键字为教育，只有B选项符合题意。
错项排除：A选项提及信息技术，原文虽有提及，但与减少失业率无关。C选项的经济全球化也是事实，与失业率无关。D项中的关键词bills则与最后一句话中的法案对应，但该法案只是一个用来衬托教育重要性的例子，并不能与减少失业率产生直接联系，其最终目的是让人们接受高等教育。
25、25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?
A New Law Takes Effect
B Technology Goes Cheap
C Average Is Over
D Recession Is Bad
答案解析：
答案精析：本文通过描述经济衰退、科技进步和经济全球化导致工作机会大量减少，指出个人能力的提升才是保住工作的利器。第五段的最后一句也指出，最好的工作要求人们接受更高的教育来达到above average的水平，与C选项吻合，现在的工作环境象征着人不能甘于平庸，要追求教育。
错项排除：A选项在原文并未提及，属无中生有。B选项只是指出工作紧张的一个外部原因，不足以概括全文，所以排除。D选项只是对时代背景的一个主观概括，并未达到文章主旨的高度。
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and then go home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio”, birds of passage.
Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens to be kicked out. That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.
Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.
With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.
Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.
26、26. “Birds of passage” refers to those who ________.
A immigrate across the Atlantic
B leave their home countries for good
C stay in a foreign country temporarily
D find permanent jobs overseas
答案解析：
答案精析：根据题目关键词birds of passage定位到文章第一段最后一句，通过描述移民美国的意大利人来定义“候鸟一族”，即那些在美国工作生活过，后来又回到意大利的人，C最能体现该词定义。
错项排除：原文提到跨越大西洋移民的有定居者，也有旅居者，而只有回到祖国的人被称为“候鸟一族”，故A错误。文章称那四分之一回到意大利的人是birds of passage，所以B项与原文矛盾。D选项中的关键词permanent jobs没有提及。
27、27. It is implied in Paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US ________.
A needs new immigrant categories
B has loosened control over immigrants
C should be adapted to meet challenges
D has been fixed via political means
答案解析：
答案精析：根据题干定位到第二段，根据immigration可定位至第二段第四句，该句指出移民制度是broken（漏洞百出）的，第五句则指出，我们需要change the way we think about categories（改变对移民类别的看法），只有这样才能solve our immigration challenges（解决移民挑战），可见现有移民政策需要改变，以应对挑战，C选项是对此内容的总结概括，为正确答案。
错项排除：第二段第五句已经明确提到不需要更多移民类别，A表述与原文文意相反。B的关键词has loosened与第二段第一句中more rigid（更严格）相悖。D选项与第二段第四句中the long political paralysis over how to fix it相悖。
28、28. According to the author, today’s birds of passage want ________.
A financial incentives
B a global recognition
C opportunities to get regular jobs
D the freedom to stay and leave
答案解析：
答案精析：根据关键词today’s和want定位到第三段最后一句。第三段倒数第二句的prefer与题干中的want对应，come and go与D选项的stay and leave对应，freedom与as opportunity calls them有逻辑上的对应。当有工作机会在召唤，这些候鸟移民就可以来去自由，所以D为正确答案。
错项排除：A、B、C在原文均未提及，没有依据，故错误。
29、29. The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated ________.
A as faithful partners
B with economic favors
C with legal tolerance
D as mighty rivals
答案解析：
答案精析：根据关键词today和should be treated确定重点落在最后一段的第二句。根据文章最后一段可以得出，作者呼吁不应该把文化矛盾当作是非之争，而是应该打开中间地带、促进理解，使现在的移民有更多途径，产生更多结果，包括那些在现在法律体制中难以达到的结果。最后一个从句与legal对应，middle ground与tolerance对应，因此选C。
错项排除：A项在文中没有提及关于faithful的论述。文中只讲到要给予候鸟型移民以公民同样的权利，而不等于超越一般权利的favor，所以排除。D项的rivals与原文的home can be both here and there存在矛盾，因此排除。
30、30. The most appropriate title for this text would be ________.
A Come and Go: Big Mistake
B Living and Thriving: Great Risk
C With or Without: Great Risk
D Legal or Illegal: Big Mistake
答案解析：
答案精析：文章指出现在的移民政策已经不适合时代和移民的现状，对移民方向不利。因为候鸟移民的存在是必要的，但他们没有享受到应得的福利，因此需要给他们更多的包容，为他们开辟法律保护下的中间地带。由此可知，第二段中的legal or illegal不应该是争辩和划分移民地位的标准，因此可以选D。
错项排除：A选项否定候鸟移民的合理性，与文章基调矛盾，应排除。B选项讲生存或繁荣，指的是移民的生活状态，但这并非文章讨论的主题。C选项的在或不在，指的是有无候鸟移民对美国的影响，文章没有提及。
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.
Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.
But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.
Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases—or hire outside screeners.
John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.
Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: dogs can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.
31、31. The time needed in making decisions may ________.
A vary according to the urgency of the situation
B prove the complexity of our brain reaction
C depend on the importance of the assessment
D predetermine the accuracy of our judgment
答案解析：
答案精析：根据题目关键词the time needed和decisions定位到第二段。第二段整段的关键词是需要快速反应的各种情况，以及做出各种反应所需的时间：对危险的本能判断——几毫秒；判断人的交际性——一分钟到五分钟；人类特定性格——更长时间，综合起来可以总结，不同情况下做出决定的时间会有不同，本段中举例的三个场合的紧迫性也各有不同，因此A选项符合题意，urgency可以概括三种场合之间的紧急程度不同，而vary可以概括时间上的不同。
错项排除：B项对应第二段最后一句complex aspects，但最后一句是指评判人比较复杂的特征需要时间，并不存在“证明”的色彩。C项用assessment概括对三种场合的反应，但并没有体现评价这一行为本身的重要性。D项的关键词为predetermine和accuracy，在第二段第三句出现to accurately tell whether...只是做快速决定的一种情况，以偏概全，也没有体现“提前决定”，故排除。
32、32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions ________.
A can be associative
B are not unconscious
C can be dangerous
D are not impulsive
答案解析：
答案精析：根据关键词fast-food logo定位到文章第三段第二句。原文上下以人们对快餐品牌的反应为例，表明快餐品牌的出现会让人产生不耐烦或急躁的情绪，而第三句总结原因，指出人们会无意识将快餐与快速和急躁联系在一起，对应题目A选项的associative，即快速决定会与快餐品牌之类的因素产生关联。
错项排除：B选项双重否定，not unconscious就表示conscious（有意识），而文章提及的现象是无意识的，B选项与原文矛盾。dangerous对应第二段第一句，对应主语是someone，与快餐无关，故排除C项。原文指出快餐与speed, impatience, carry impulses有关，并非选项D所说的否定冲动，D应排除。
33、33. To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should ________.
A trust our first impression
B do as people usually do
C think before we act
D ask for expert advice
答案解析：
答案精析：根据关键词reverse和negative influences定位到第四段。第四段通过例子来说明消除快速反应的负面影响，根据take a moment before buying（购物前先想一想）可以推断出先想想再作出决策会reverse influences（扭转影响）；再根据第一段中的take a moment and think about how we are likely to react，可知“花点时间想想自己可能会做出怎样的反应”就是扭转快速决定的关键，即C项think before we act（三思而后行）。
错项排除：A选项鼓励第一印象，会促使快速决定，与文意相反。B选项的people usually do 在全文中没有提及。D选项的关键词expert指第五段的John Gottman，但下文只提到他通过实验证明三思而后行对决策的影响，并没有提及专家咨询与改变快速决定的关系，因此排除。
34、34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on ________.
A critical assessment
B “thin sliced” study
C sensible explanation
D adequate information
答案解析：
答案精析：题目信息隐藏在第五段Gottman的理论中，其中thick slice指的是长久积累的经验和长期打算；thin slice指需要作出快速反应的信息。他认为，只有基于长期积累的信息，才能可靠地去处理需要快速反应的信息，因此based on的基点是thick sliced long-term study，为D选项的同义转述。
错项排除：A选项在Gottman的理论中没有提及。B选项能在文中找到同词，但可靠的快速决定是基于thick slice而非thin slice，故排除。C选项的explanation也没有提及。
35、35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is ________.
A tolerant
B uncertain
C optimistic
D doubtful
答案解析：
答案精析：文章第一段即交代中心句，提出只要花点时间思考，就可以避免快速决策的不良影响。第四和第五段举例论证停下来思考可以扭转快速决策带来的不良影响，第六段最后一句点明作者态度，人们仍然具有imaginative capacity（想象的能力）来抵制诱惑，reverse the high-speed trend（扭转快速反应的倾向），由此可见作者态度是乐观的，选C。
错项排除：作者对扭转快速决策的态度是积极的，因此A、B、D三个表示中性偏负面的词可以排除。
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family-friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male. Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on European corporate boards.
The European Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women—up to 60 percent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, European Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.
Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate ladder fairly as they balance work and family?
“Personally, I don’t like quotas,” Reding said recently. “But I like what the quotas do.” Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,” according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.
I understand Reding’s reluctance—and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, governance by the capable. But, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.
After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position—no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power—as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.
If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women—whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers—and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.
36、36. In the European corporate workplace, generally ________.
A women take the lead
B men have the final say
C corporate governance is overwhelmed
D senior management is family-friendly
答案解析：
答案精析：根据关键词European corporate workplace定位到文章第一段。第一段第二、三句指出，欧洲企业中的高层管理岗位中男性依然占据大多数，而女性只占董事会席位的14%。这说明高层管理由男性主导，而高层管理拥有公司的最终决定权，与B表述一致。
错项排除：A选项反映女性在职场高层管理中占大多数，与原文含义相反，因此排除。C选项的overwhelmed没有在文中提及。D项的family-friendly与第三段的balance有关，但这只是作者对观点的讨论，不是工作场合的惯例。
37、37. The European Union’s intended legislation is ________.
A a reflection of gender balance
B a reluctant choice
C a response to Reding’s call
D a voluntary action
答案解析：
答案精析：根据关键词European Union和 intended定位到第二段开头，considering legislation与题目的intended legislation对应；而第二句体现了这个提议的态度为born of frustration（由于挫折而产生的），根据后文可知，之前呼吁企业自愿达到性别平衡的行动失败了，只能出台法律来控制董事会男女比例的平衡，可知欧盟并非情愿制定此项法律，B项的reluctant能最贴切地形容欧盟的态度，选B。
错项排除：A选项是全文讨论的主旨，但reflection代表性别平衡已经达到，而事实并非如此，故排除。Reding呼吁的是voluntary action，并非立法强制，故C项错误。而关键词frustration也说明欧盟的行动并非自愿，D排除。
38、38. According to Reding, quotas may help women ________.
A get top business positions
B see through the glass ceiling
C balance work and family
D anticipate legal results
答案解析：
答案精析：根据关键词Reding和quotas定位到第四段。根据Reding的话归纳总结出，在企业中为女性配额高管席位，会有助于平等，突破女性升职的障碍，也就是使女性有机会晋升到高层，因此A正确。
错项排除：B选项也出现了glass ceiling，但Reding的看法中对应的动词是break而非仅仅see through。C项中的balance出现在第三段，但第三段是作者的设问，并非Reding的看法。文中完全没有体现anticipate这一动作，故排除D项。
39、39. The author’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of ________.
A skepticism
B objectiveness
C indifference
D approval
答案解析：
答案精析：根据关键词the author’s attitude定位到原文第五段。作者在第五段中对Reding对新法案的抵触表示理解，因为作者相信强行要求一定百分比的管理层是女性会违背任人唯贤的原则，该段第三句以But开头表示转折，指出要达到任人唯贤的公平社会，就要先经历这样暂时的不平等。因此可以说作者赞同Reding的呼吁，选D。
错项排除：作者对Reding看法的态度有积极色彩，所以显然不会是“怀疑”或“冷淡”，A和C排除。作者表明了自己的想法是赞同的，因此具有主观性，B排除。
40、40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ________.
A more social justice
B massive media attention
C suitable public policies
D greater “soft pressure”
答案解析：
答案精析：根据关键词top management和headlines定位到原文第六、七段。文章通过举例说明Sheryl Sandberg在Facebook担任要职吸引了大量媒体关注，而如果公共政策能够帮助女性顺利升职，这样的事就不会被当作大新闻了。因此女性担任要职的情况不应被当作头条，而应该因公共政策的完善而变成正常的事，可见如今公共政策依然缺乏，选C。
错项排除：Social justice在女性担任要职见报的现象中没有体现，A排除。文中指出这一现象已经吸引了大量媒体关注，与B矛盾。而soft pressure在第六段第一句提及，是指女性向职场巅峰攀登的负担，并非女性已经身居高位时遇到的现象，所以D排除。
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
The hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has £60 a week to spend, £40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning £130,000 a year working in corporate communications and eating at London’s best restaurants at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. “The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I’d lost. But it’s still a day-by-day thing.” Now he’s living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He’s feeling positive, but he’ll carry on blogging—not about eating as cheaply as you can—“there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food”—but eating well on a budget. Here’s his advice for economical foodies.
41. _____
Impulsive spending isn’t an option, so plan your week’s menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it’s not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It’s also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being-human, you’ll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.
42. _____
This is where supermarkets and their anonymity come in handy. With them, there’s not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, you’ll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.
43. _____
You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer—that’s not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you’ll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to “go off” will be cooked or juiced.
44. _____
Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon you’ll feel comfortable asking if they’ve any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, they’ll let you have for free.
45. _____
You won’t be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every few months treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant—£1.75 a week for three months gives you £21—more than enough for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It’s £16.95 there—or £12.99 for a large pizza from Domino’s: I know which I’d rather eat.
41、 (41)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
答案解析：
【选项分析】
Live like a peasant
根据标题含义，它对应的段落可能是让人们吃自己种植的食物。
译文：像农夫一样生活
Balance your diet
根据标题含义，它对应的段落是建议人们不要偏食，合理搭配饮食。
译文：均衡你的饮食
Shopkeepers are your friends
此标题的关键词是“shopkeepers”和“friends”，因此对应段落与“对店主友好”有关。
译文：店主是你的朋友
Remember to treat yourself
根据标题含义，它对应的段落是建议人们偶尔吃一次大餐。
译文：记得奖励自己
Stick to what you need
此标题的关键词是“stick”和“need”，因此对应的段落应与“按需购买”有关。
译文：坚持自己需要的
Planning is everything
此标题的关键词是“Planning”，因此对应的段落应与“提前做好计划”有关。
译文：计划就是一切
Waste not, want not
根据标题含义，它对应的段落应与“不要浪费”有关。
译文：俭以防匮
【试题解析】
41. Planning is everything
答案精析：本段本段主要讲Tony严格规划好一日三餐所需的食材数量，不仅节约开支，还能均衡饮食，Tony甚至用Excel模板来规划每周饮食。说明了Tony在饮食上做了非常精细的计划，关键词plan your week’s menu和Planning is everything对应，指做好饮食计划能带来许多好处。
错项排除：balance diet只是做计划带来的一种好处，并非Tony刻意提出的建议。
42. Stick to what you need
答案精析：本段主要讲在超市购买食材的好处，关键词在第三句you’ll know that you only need...，大意是说在超市购物可以避免在菜市场只买一小根胡萝卜的尴尬，如果做好计划，就知道自己需要多少食物，而不需要去买提前称好打包放在冷柜里的那些食品。段落主旨是只买自己需要的数量，不受外部环境影响而过量购物，因此该选项符合大意。
43. Waste not, want not
答案精析：本段主要讲冰箱里有太多食物不可耻，提前计划好将剩菜整合做成蔬菜汤、果汁等食品，可以防止浪费。本段主要教人们如何把塞满冰箱的食物利用起来，以消除浪费(eliminate wastage)，与waste not匹配，所以该项正确，其余选项无干扰性。
44. Shopkeepers are your friends
答案精析：本段主要讲Tony建议定期去肉店、熟食店和水产店，并且要保持友善，向店主询问要各种骨头时，店主一般会免费送给你。本段主要介绍在商店购物时要保持良好的态度，才能获得更多有用的食材。super friendly与Shopkeepers are your friends对应，即要与店主交朋友，因此该项正确。
45. Remember to treat yourself
答案精析：本段主要讲要存下点钱，每隔一段时间去好餐厅吃一次饭，每三个月省下的钱足够在米其林餐厅吃一顿饭，或点一个大披萨。本段中心句在once every few months treat yourself...，其中treat yourself在这里完整出现，所以正确。
42、 (42)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
答案解析：
【选项分析】
Live like a peasant
根据标题含义，它对应的段落可能是让人们吃自己种植的食物。
译文：像农夫一样生活
Balance your diet
根据标题含义，它对应的段落是建议人们不要偏食，合理搭配饮食。
译文：均衡你的饮食
Shopkeepers are your friends
此标题的关键词是“shopkeepers”和“friends”，因此对应段落与“对店主友好”有关。
译文：店主是你的朋友
Remember to treat yourself
根据标题含义，它对应的段落是建议人们偶尔吃一次大餐。
译文：记得奖励自己
Stick to what you need
此标题的关键词是“stick”和“need”，因此对应的段落应与“按需购买”有关。
译文：坚持自己需要的
Planning is everything
此标题的关键词是“Planning”，因此对应的段落应与“提前做好计划”有关。
译文：计划就是一切
Waste not, want not
根据标题含义，它对应的段落应与“不要浪费”有关。
译文：俭以防匮
【试题解析】
41. Planning is everything
答案精析：本段本段主要讲Tony严格规划好一日三餐所需的食材数量，不仅节约开支，还能均衡饮食，Tony甚至用Excel模板来规划每周饮食。说明了Tony在饮食上做了非常精细的计划，关键词plan your week’s menu和Planning is everything对应，指做好饮食计划能带来许多好处。
错项排除：balance diet只是做计划带来的一种好处，并非Tony刻意提出的建议。
42. Stick to what you need
答案精析：本段主要讲在超市购买食材的好处，关键词在第三句you’ll know that you only need...，大意是说在超市购物可以避免在菜市场只买一小根胡萝卜的尴尬，如果做好计划，就知道自己需要多少食物，而不需要去买提前称好打包放在冷柜里的那些食品。段落主旨是只买自己需要的数量，不受外部环境影响而过量购物，因此该选项符合大意。
43. Waste not, want not
答案精析：本段主要讲冰箱里有太多食物不可耻，提前计划好将剩菜整合做成蔬菜汤、果汁等食品，可以防止浪费。本段主要教人们如何把塞满冰箱的食物利用起来，以消除浪费(eliminate wastage)，与waste not匹配，所以该项正确，其余选项无干扰性。
44. Shopkeepers are your friends
答案精析：本段主要讲Tony建议定期去肉店、熟食店和水产店，并且要保持友善，向店主询问要各种骨头时，店主一般会免费送给你。本段主要介绍在商店购物时要保持良好的态度，才能获得更多有用的食材。super friendly与Shopkeepers are your friends对应，即要与店主交朋友，因此该项正确。
45. Remember to treat yourself
答案精析：本段主要讲要存下点钱，每隔一段时间去好餐厅吃一次饭，每三个月省下的钱足够在米其林餐厅吃一顿饭，或点一个大披萨。本段中心句在once every few months treat yourself...，其中treat yourself在这里完整出现，所以正确。
43、 (43)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
答案解析：
【选项分析】
Live like a peasant
根据标题含义，它对应的段落可能是让人们吃自己种植的食物。
译文：像农夫一样生活
Balance your diet
根据标题含义，它对应的段落是建议人们不要偏食，合理搭配饮食。
译文：均衡你的饮食
Shopkeepers are your friends
此标题的关键词是“shopkeepers”和“friends”，因此对应段落与“对店主友好”有关。
译文：店主是你的朋友
Remember to treat yourself
根据标题含义，它对应的段落是建议人们偶尔吃一次大餐。
译文：记得奖励自己
Stick to what you need
此标题的关键词是“stick”和“need”，因此对应的段落应与“按需购买”有关。
译文：坚持自己需要的
Planning is everything
此标题的关键词是“Planning”，因此对应的段落应与“提前做好计划”有关。
译文：计划就是一切
Waste not, want not
根据标题含义，它对应的段落应与“不要浪费”有关。
译文：俭以防匮
【试题解析】
41. Planning is everything
答案精析：本段本段主要讲Tony严格规划好一日三餐所需的食材数量，不仅节约开支，还能均衡饮食，Tony甚至用Excel模板来规划每周饮食。说明了Tony在饮食上做了非常精细的计划，关键词plan your week’s menu和Planning is everything对应，指做好饮食计划能带来许多好处。
错项排除：balance diet只是做计划带来的一种好处，并非Tony刻意提出的建议。
42. Stick to what you need
答案精析：本段主要讲在超市购买食材的好处，关键词在第三句you’ll know that you only need...，大意是说在超市购物可以避免在菜市场只买一小根胡萝卜的尴尬，如果做好计划，就知道自己需要多少食物，而不需要去买提前称好打包放在冷柜里的那些食品。段落主旨是只买自己需要的数量，不受外部环境影响而过量购物，因此该选项符合大意。
43. Waste not, want not
答案精析：本段主要讲冰箱里有太多食物不可耻，提前计划好将剩菜整合做成蔬菜汤、果汁等食品，可以防止浪费。本段主要教人们如何把塞满冰箱的食物利用起来，以消除浪费(eliminate wastage)，与waste not匹配，所以该项正确，其余选项无干扰性。
44. Shopkeepers are your friends
答案精析：本段主要讲Tony建议定期去肉店、熟食店和水产店，并且要保持友善，向店主询问要各种骨头时，店主一般会免费送给你。本段主要介绍在商店购物时要保持良好的态度，才能获得更多有用的食材。super friendly与Shopkeepers are your friends对应，即要与店主交朋友，因此该项正确。
45. Remember to treat yourself
答案精析：本段主要讲要存下点钱，每隔一段时间去好餐厅吃一次饭，每三个月省下的钱足够在米其林餐厅吃一顿饭，或点一个大披萨。本段中心句在once every few months treat yourself...，其中treat yourself在这里完整出现，所以正确。
44、 (44)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
答案解析：
【选项分析】
Live like a peasant
根据标题含义，它对应的段落可能是让人们吃自己种植的食物。
译文：像农夫一样生活
Balance your diet
根据标题含义，它对应的段落是建议人们不要偏食，合理搭配饮食。
译文：均衡你的饮食
Shopkeepers are your friends
此标题的关键词是“shopkeepers”和“friends”，因此对应段落与“对店主友好”有关。
译文：店主是你的朋友
Remember to treat yourself
根据标题含义，它对应的段落是建议人们偶尔吃一次大餐。
译文：记得奖励自己
Stick to what you need
此标题的关键词是“stick”和“need”，因此对应的段落应与“按需购买”有关。
译文：坚持自己需要的
Planning is everything
此标题的关键词是“Planning”，因此对应的段落应与“提前做好计划”有关。
译文：计划就是一切
Waste not, want not
根据标题含义，它对应的段落应与“不要浪费”有关。
译文：俭以防匮
【试题解析】
41. Planning is everything
答案精析：本段本段主要讲Tony严格规划好一日三餐所需的食材数量，不仅节约开支，还能均衡饮食，Tony甚至用Excel模板来规划每周饮食。说明了Tony在饮食上做了非常精细的计划，关键词plan your week’s menu和Planning is everything对应，指做好饮食计划能带来许多好处。
错项排除：balance diet只是做计划带来的一种好处，并非Tony刻意提出的建议。
42. Stick to what you need
答案精析：本段主要讲在超市购买食材的好处，关键词在第三句you’ll know that you only need...，大意是说在超市购物可以避免在菜市场只买一小根胡萝卜的尴尬，如果做好计划，就知道自己需要多少食物，而不需要去买提前称好打包放在冷柜里的那些食品。段落主旨是只买自己需要的数量，不受外部环境影响而过量购物，因此该选项符合大意。
43. Waste not, want not
答案精析：本段主要讲冰箱里有太多食物不可耻，提前计划好将剩菜整合做成蔬菜汤、果汁等食品，可以防止浪费。本段主要教人们如何把塞满冰箱的食物利用起来，以消除浪费(eliminate wastage)，与waste not匹配，所以该项正确，其余选项无干扰性。
44. Shopkeepers are your friends
答案精析：本段主要讲Tony建议定期去肉店、熟食店和水产店，并且要保持友善，向店主询问要各种骨头时，店主一般会免费送给你。本段主要介绍在商店购物时要保持良好的态度，才能获得更多有用的食材。super friendly与Shopkeepers are your friends对应，即要与店主交朋友，因此该项正确。
45. Remember to treat yourself
答案精析：本段主要讲要存下点钱，每隔一段时间去好餐厅吃一次饭，每三个月省下的钱足够在米其林餐厅吃一顿饭，或点一个大披萨。本段中心句在once every few months treat yourself...，其中treat yourself在这里完整出现，所以正确。
45、 (45)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
答案解析：
【选项分析】
Live like a peasant
根据标题含义，它对应的段落可能是让人们吃自己种植的食物。
译文：像农夫一样生活
Balance your diet
根据标题含义，它对应的段落是建议人们不要偏食，合理搭配饮食。
译文：均衡你的饮食
Shopkeepers are your friends
此标题的关键词是“shopkeepers”和“friends”，因此对应段落与“对店主友好”有关。
译文：店主是你的朋友
Remember to treat yourself
根据标题含义，它对应的段落是建议人们偶尔吃一次大餐。
译文：记得奖励自己
Stick to what you need
此标题的关键词是“stick”和“need”，因此对应的段落应与“按需购买”有关。
译文：坚持自己需要的
Planning is everything
此标题的关键词是“Planning”，因此对应的段落应与“提前做好计划”有关。
译文：计划就是一切
Waste not, want not
根据标题含义，它对应的段落应与“不要浪费”有关。
译文：俭以防匮
【试题解析】
41. Planning is everything
答案精析：本段本段主要讲Tony严格规划好一日三餐所需的食材数量，不仅节约开支，还能均衡饮食，Tony甚至用Excel模板来规划每周饮食。说明了Tony在饮食上做了非常精细的计划，关键词plan your week’s menu和Planning is everything对应，指做好饮食计划能带来许多好处。
错项排除：balance diet只是做计划带来的一种好处，并非Tony刻意提出的建议。
42. Stick to what you need
答案精析：本段主要讲在超市购买食材的好处，关键词在第三句you’ll know that you only need...，大意是说在超市购物可以避免在菜市场只买一小根胡萝卜的尴尬，如果做好计划，就知道自己需要多少食物，而不需要去买提前称好打包放在冷柜里的那些食品。段落主旨是只买自己需要的数量，不受外部环境影响而过量购物，因此该选项符合大意。
43. Waste not, want not
答案精析：本段主要讲冰箱里有太多食物不可耻，提前计划好将剩菜整合做成蔬菜汤、果汁等食品，可以防止浪费。本段主要教人们如何把塞满冰箱的食物利用起来，以消除浪费(eliminate wastage)，与waste not匹配，所以该项正确，其余选项无干扰性。
44. Shopkeepers are your friends
答案精析：本段主要讲Tony建议定期去肉店、熟食店和水产店，并且要保持友善，向店主询问要各种骨头时，店主一般会免费送给你。本段主要介绍在商店购物时要保持良好的态度，才能获得更多有用的食材。super friendly与Shopkeepers are your friends对应，即要与店主交朋友，因此该项正确。
45. Remember to treat yourself
答案精析：本段主要讲要存下点钱，每隔一段时间去好餐厅吃一次饭，每三个月省下的钱足够在米其林餐厅吃一顿饭，或点一个大披萨。本段中心句在once every few months treat yourself...，其中treat yourself在这里完整出现，所以正确。
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.
I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs. My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everybody does—try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before. I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on Broadway on the same day—they both just pop into my mind in the same way.
46、 I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four. I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs. My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everybody does—try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before. I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on Broadway on the same day—they both just pop into my mind in the same way.
正确答案：
参考译文：
在过去的53年中挑任意一天，我都能立即知道我那天在哪里，新闻报道说发生了什么，甚至那天是星期几。我从四岁开始就有这种能力了。
我从未因自己大脑吸收大量的信息而觉得不适。我的大脑似乎能够应对记忆，而且这些信息在我大脑中排列得很有条理。每当我想到一段悲伤的回忆，我的做法和其他人一样——把这段回忆放在一边。我不认为只因为我的记忆更清晰，我就会更难受。强大的记忆力并没有让我的情感更加强烈或生动。我可以记起祖父去世的那天，并回想起我们在那之前一天去医院时我感到的悲伤。我还记得在那同一天，百老汇首映音乐剧《头发》——这两件事以同样的方式浮现在我脑海。
答案解析：
生词本：
overwhelmed adj. 被压垮的 absorb vt. 吸收
neatly adv. 整洁地 acute adj. 严重的
vivid adj. 生动的 recall vt. 回忆
表达难点：
第一句：pick 和 know为并列谓语，两个动词存在时间先后关系，and译作“然后”，know后接三个并列的宾语从句where I was，what happened in the news，the day of the week. 本句译为：在过去的53年中挑任意一天，我都能立即知道我那天在哪里，新闻报道说发生了什么，甚至那天是星期几。
第二句：主句为现在完成时，表示从四岁开始持续的状态，be able to表示“有能力……”；since引导的从句作时间状语，本句译为：我从四岁开始就有这种能力了。
第三句：本句包含定语从句。information后省略that/which，absorbs的宾语是其先行词information，fell overwhelmed with表示“对……不知所措”，故本句译为：我从未因自己大脑吸收大量的信息而觉得不适。
第四句：本句为and连接的两个并列简单句，cope指“处理”，省略了宾语，即上一句的the amount of information，第二句be stored away指“被处理”，本句译为：我的大脑似乎能够应对记忆，而且这些信息在我大脑中排列得很有条理。
第五句：本句包含when引导的时间状语从句，限定主句发生的情况。破折号后是对前面what everyone does 的补充说明，翻译时保留破折号直译即可。本句译为：每当我想到一段悲伤的回忆，我的做法和其他人一样——尽量把这段回忆放在一边。
第六句：本句包含just because引导的原因状语从句，使主句和从句存在因果关系，it指代a sad memory；翻译时可将原因提前保持语句通顺。I don’t think应译为：我不认为。本句译为：我不认为只是因为我的记忆更清晰，我就会更难受。
第七句：本句为主谓宾+宾补结构，acute指“剧烈的，严重的”，这里指情感上更强烈；vivid指“生动的”，这里指往事画面的生动，本句译为：强大的记忆力并没有让我的情感更加强烈或生动。
第八句：本句主干为I can recall the day and the sadness，and连接的并列宾语后各有一个省略引导词的定语从句修饰：the day (that) my grandfather died和the sadness (that) I felt。第二个从句后置一个时间状语when we went to the hospital，而该时间状语从句又存在时间状语the day before，译为“在（祖父去世、我们去医院的那天）前一天”。本句译为：我可以记起祖父去世的那天，并回想起我们在那之前一天去医院时我感到的悲伤。
第九句：本句由两个由破折号连接的递进的句子组成。破折号前的句子为主谓宾结构，其中宾语为that引导的从句the musical play Hair opened，另有地点状语on the Broadway和时间状语on the same day修饰宾语的发生条件。后半句为主谓宾结构，主语they指代the day my grandfather died和the musical play Hair opened。pop into my mind由方式状语in the same way修饰，其中pop into译作“闪现进”。本句译为：我还记得在同一天百老汇首映音乐剧《头发》——这两件事以同样的方式闪现在我的脑海。
Section Ⅲ Writing
47、Part A47. Directions: Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help. Write your classmates an email to 1) inform them about the details, and 2) encourage them to participate. You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write your address. (10 points)
正确答案：
【参考范文】
Dear all,
Since charity has always been an earnest topic that concerns us, I am writing to invite you to conduct a charity sale, which will be raising money for kids in needs.
Although the charity sale will not be big in margin, we should make the best of our efforts to advocate the needs of the underprivileged children. The second-hand garments and books that will be sold during the sale will arrive on 9 November, and the sale will be held at the Youth Square for two days thereafter.
Everyone’s support for this sale will be genuinely appreciated and I sincerely hope that by working together, our cause of charity will bring society the awareness of childhood poverty.
Yours sincerely,
Zhang Wei
【参考译文】
各位同学：
鉴于慈善一直是我们所关注的话题，我在此写信邀请各位一起进行一项义卖活动，为需要帮助的孩子们筹钱。
虽然这次义卖的规模不大，我们也应该尽最大的努力为贫困儿童的需要进行宣传。本次义卖中售卖的二手衣物和图书将在11月9日运到，而义卖将在这之后在青年广场上进行并持续两天。
感谢大家对本次义卖的支持，并且我真诚地希望通过一起努力，我们可以让社会对儿童贫困加以关注。
谨致问候，
张伟
答案解析：
【题目分析】
本题要求考生以Zhang Wei的身份向全班写一封电子邮件，内容是通知即将开办的一次义卖活动。根据题目要求，可以确定写作的内容应包括称呼、正文、致意和落款。
第一段：写信目的，邀请同学们参加即将组织的一次义卖。
第二段：义卖活动的详细信息（时间、地点和义卖目的），并鼓励同学们参加义卖。
第三段：对参加义卖的同学表达谢意，表达对义卖活动成功的展望。
48、 Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should 1) interpret the chart, and 2) give your comments. You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
正确答案：
【参考范文】
This chart displays a clear overview on the part-time employment rate of students in a college according to their school year. In general, many of the students participate in part-time jobs somehow, regardless of their school year, but apparently those spending the fourth year in college are most likely to work during extracurricular time, with a proportion of 88.24%. 71.93% of the third-graders and 71.13% of the sophomores do part-time jobs respectively, while 67.77% of the freshmen, who have just been at school since September, are undertaking part-time jobs.
Concerning the current schooling system, it is understandable that the majority of the students have such enthusiasm towards part-time jobs. There is a long vacation after each semester, and college students’ schedules are more flexible than high school attendants and official workforces. Therefore, college students are provided with sufficient time to develop themselves by applying for temporary work experiences. Meanwhile, the reason that varies students’ willingness is that seniors are faced with the pressure of employment, making the occupational expertise and thus a prepared mind for occupation more urgent priorities. Freshmen, in the meantime, require the most time to be spent on reviewing and reinforcing their mandatory courses.
Now that this tendency is explicit, it is the college administrators’ responsibilities to help students develop versatility that contains academic performance and part-time experience, while students themselves should balance study and work and make part-time experience a conducive point instead of a burden on academy.
【参考译文】
这张图表展示了关于一所高校不同年级的学生参加兼职工作的比率的详细信息概览。总的来说，很多大一到大四的学生都或多或少参加了兼职工作，但显然大四学生更可能在课余时间工作，比例达88.24%。分别有71.93%的大三学生和71.13%的大二学生会从事兼职工作，而九月份刚刚入学的大一学生有67.77%在做兼职。
从现在的教育制度角度来看，可以理解大部分学生都在做兼职的原因。每个学期结束后有一个很长的假期，而大学生的时间表也比高中生和正式参加工作的人更灵活。因此，大学生们有充足的时间去通过申请临时工的方式来发展自己的能力。同时，学生参加兼职的意愿不同是因为大四学生面临找工作的压力，使得职业技能和随之产生的提前进入工作状态的能力更为紧迫。与此同时，大一学生需要把大部分时间花在复习和巩固必修课上。
既然这个趋势已经很清楚，学校行政部门应该负起帮助学生全面发展的责任，包括学术表现和兼职工作经验；同时，学生自己也应该在学习和工作中找到平衡，使兼职经历成为一个加分项，而不是对学业的负担。
答案解析：
【题目分析】
本篇作文属于图表（chart）类作文，需要分析数据变化以及数据间的关系。表格涉及两个维度：学生年级和从事兼职的人数比例，需要把每个年级学生对应的兼职比例数据对应并作对比，并根据生活经验和常识来分析产生此种现象的原因。
【文章大纲】
第一段：首先点明图表含义——高校学生因学年不同，兼职情况也有所不同，并描述各学年学生做兼职的人数占比。
第二段：先总结数据——大部分学生都会做兼职，再分析原因——时间因素和毕业压力。
第三段：给出自己的观点——学校可以帮助学生找兼职，学生自己要维持学习和工作的平衡。
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