Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
Is that 6 a.m. workout getting in the way of good sleep? Don’t think your fat cells won't notice. A new study published in The Annals of Internal Medicine (a medical journal) finds that inadequate shut-eye has a harmful effect on fat calls, reducing their ability to respond to insulin (胰岛素) by about 30 percent. Over the long-term，this decreased response could set-the stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weight gain.
The study adds to a growing body of evidence that there’s“an intimate relationship between the amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good，healthy body weight”says sleep expert Helene Emsellem，director of the Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase，Maryland. (76) But Americans don’t seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours per night. More than 1 in 5 of us，according to a report form the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention，is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night，on average.
So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annals paper? Matthew Brady of the University of Chicago and a group of colleagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take part in the research project. They were all young，thin and healthy and agreed to sleep for eight nights in a sleep lab. “For four nights they were allowed to stay in bed for 8.5 hours a night，” says Brady. Then ，a month later，they came back for four additional nights—but this time they were allowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per night. And after each visit，researchers got a sample of their fat.(77) Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep. “I was very surprised to be honest，”he says.
Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive to insulin. “Fat cells are actually your friend，”he says.“They’re there to store lipids(血脂).”When lipids stay inside the cells，your body can utilize the fat when you’re exercising or sleeping or going about your day.“However，when fat cells start to become insulin resistant，the lipids start to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream，” Brady says.
1、According to the passage，lack of the sleep for a long while can probably lead to all of the following EXCEPT______. 第一段最后一句
A heart disease
B weight gain
C diabetes
D liver disease
2、The main idea of the third paragraph is__ .
A how to write a medical research paper
B how to avoid sleep loss
C how the research was conducted
D how to conduct a medical experiment
答案解析：
题目:第三段的大意是。
A:如何写医学研究论文
B:如何避免睡眠不足
C:研究是如何进行的
D:如何进行医学实验
3、What does the word “leach” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A Leap
B Lead.
C Lead.
D Leak.
4、Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A We will be in trouble if our fat cells become less responsive to insulin.
B More and more studies are done to study the link between sleep and weight.
C More than 20% of Americans are net getting enough sleep.
D Fat cells are there to help us maintain a good health.
答案解析：
题目:根据短文，下列哪个选项是不正确的?
A:如果我们的脂肪细胞对胰岛素的反应减弱，我们就会有麻烦。
B:人们做了越来越多的研究来研究睡眠和体重之间的关系。
C:超过20%的美国人睡眠充足。
D:脂肪细胞帮助我们保持健康。
5、Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?
A Poor Sleep May Lead to Too Much Stored Fat and Disease
B Sleep Experts Had Exciting Findings in a Fat Study
C Americans Should Have More Than Six Hours of Sleep
D Bad Things Happen if Fat Cells Become Our Friend
答案解析：
题目:下面哪个是适合这篇文章的标题?
A:睡眠不足可能会导致过多的脂肪和疾病
B:睡眠专家在一项脂肪研究中有令人兴奋的发现
C:美国人的睡眠时间应该超过6个小时
D:如果脂肪细胞成为我们的朋友，坏事就会发生
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to -30℉ and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arctic (北极) is home.
(78) Polar bears have thick fur，big paws and other features that make them well
prepared for life in their tough environment. In fact，they need the Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of summer sea ice to melt (融化). Experts say that if warming patterns continue，the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050.They may cause two-thirds of the world’s 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too.
Polar bears can’t survive for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar bears can hunt seals is on the ice.(79) Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water. A polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overcome this disadvantage. In winter the bear waits motionless beside a seal’s breathing hole，which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. Often many hours pass before the seal comes up for air and the bear kills it with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to return.
With the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier，polar bears do not have enough opportunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs(大片浮冰)，and they can’t always make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can cause polar-bear cubs to become separated form their mothers, who provide them with food.
Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bears International. The group aims to save the bears and their home. “The more people who see polar bears and understand their difficult situation, the better the chance we’ll alter our warming path in time to save them,” he says.
6、Which is the best title for the passage?
A Climate Change in the Arctic
B How to' Protect the Environment
C The Arctic Is Home to Polar Bears
D Polar Bears in Danger
答案解析：
题目:这篇文章最好的题目是什么?
A:北极的气候变化
B:如何“保护环境”
C:北极是北极熊的家园
D:北极熊处境危险
7、Where do polar bears usually hunt seals?
A On land.
B In open watar.
C In openings in the sea ice.
D At the bottom of the sea.
答案解析：
题目:北极熊通常在哪里捕猎海豹?
A:在陆地上。
B:在watar开放。
C:在海冰的开口。
D:在海底。
8、The word “cubs” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to______.
A adults
B babies
C hunters
D enemies
9、According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A Starving polar bears are increasingly coming into villages, where they may be
B Polar bears can spend their entire lives on land if the sea ice melts completely.
C Two-thirds of the world’s polar bears may disappear by 2050 as global warming
D The growing distance between ice packs is not a problem for polar bears, because they are excellent swimmers.
答案解析：
题目:根据短文，下列哪个陈述是正确的?
A:饥饿的北极熊越来越多地进入村庄，它们可能就在那里
B:如果海冰完全融化，北极熊可以在陆地上度过一生。
C:
D:冰袋之间越来越远的距离对北极熊来说不是问题，因为它们是优秀的游泳者。
10、What’s the mission of Polar Bears International?
A Saving energy.
B Conducting scientific research.
C Seeking international cooperation.
D Saving polar bears and their home.
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
Imagine a school that expected its students to become literate (有读写能力的)without any formal instruction. Most parents would be alarmed by such an approach，which would leave their children confused and with gaps in their understanding. This however has been the philosophy on character development in many of our schools. Why is the development of character seen as somehow different from the other skills that we teach?
Of course there will always be learning by osmosis(耳濡目染) in any school, but as a teacher and primary school head I have found that a child’s moral literacy is strengthened when they acquire the building blocks of good character such as consideration, courage and honor: qualities which are commonly known as virtue(美德).
I personally find that exploring a virtue over a two-week period provides a simple and effective program that allows for the creative input of both teacher and student and a chance for the virtue to embed(使融入) itself. Once a lesson on a virtue such as honesty has been completed we need to allow time for children to practice this concept just as would be the case with fractions or verbs. Allowing children to role play a situation such as making up excuses to cover a mistake can be enormously interesting, and the drama can be frozen allowing the characters to be questioned about their feelings and motives. (80) It's also a safe way for children to experience for themselves how a lie usually goes out of control.
Our role as educators is also to look for opportunities to help our students as they attempt to strengthen their characters. When something goes wrong we guide the young person to the virtue that will prevent it from happening again. For instance, when a student thoughtlessly disturbs the calm atmosphere of the library, instead of a response such as,” that was really disrespectful and selfish of you! ” we draw out from them the required virtue: “ When you’re walking through the library, what virtues do you need to use ? ”
11、Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?
A Teaching morals and values has been a frequently discussed topic in the past few years.'
B The author and his staff embed virtues into lessons and school life to encourage character development in children.
C Kids throughout the population face the same needs, the same challenges, and the same realities in their lives.
D Role plays are an excellent way of getting students to practice their English.
答案解析：
题目:下面哪个是这篇文章的主要观点?
A:在过去的几年里，道德和价值观的教学一直是人们经常讨论的话题。
B:作者和他的工作人员将美德融入课堂和学校生活，以鼓励孩子们的性格发展。
C:所有人口中的儿童都面临着相同的需求、相同的挑战和生活中相同的现实。
D:角色扮演是让学生练习英语的好方法。
12、We can infer from the first peragraph that__ .
A there tends to be disagreement about what character education is
B most parents are not satisfied with the teaching methods adopted in schools
C the approach to character education is generally considered different from the approaches to other skills
D more and more schools are adopting strategies to improve school attendance
答案解析：
题目:我们可以从第一个peragraph推断。
A:关于什么是品格教育，人们往往意见不一
B:大多数家长对学校采用的教学方法不满意
C:品格教育的方法通常被认为不同于其他技能的方法
D:越来越多的学校正在采取提高入学率的策略
13、The word “philosophy” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_____.
A study
B subject
C viewpoint
D investigation
14、The author is a__ .
A teacher
B librarian
C reporter
D manager
答案解析：
题目:作者是a。
A:老师
B:图书管理员
C:记者
D:经理
15、Which of the following is NOT mentionad in the passage as a way to build character in children?
A Story readings and discussions,
B Osmosis.
C Taking every opportunity to teach character.
D Role play.
答案解析：
题目:下列哪一项在文章中没有提到，作为培养孩子性格的一种方式?
A:故事阅读和讨论，
B:渗透。
C:抓住每一个机会教授性格。
D:角色扮演。
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