Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
It seems like every day there’s some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us. (76) One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer. The next day, maybe not. It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee. Now，there’s been a lot of research into whether coffee’s good for our health.“The results have really been mixed，” admits Neal Freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently. “There’s been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and there’s also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well.”
Freedman and his colleagues undertook the biggest study yet to look at the relationship between coffee and health. They analyzed data collected from more than 400,000 Americans ages 50 to 71 participating in the study. “We found that the coffee drinkers had a modestly lower risk of death than the non-drinkers，”he said. Here’s what he means by“modestly”：those who drank at least two or three cups a day were about 10 percent or 15 percent less likely to die for any reason during the 13 years of the study. When the researchers looked at specific causes of death, coffee drinking appeared to cut the risk of dying from heart disease, lung disease, injuries, accidents and infections.
Now, Freedman stressed that the study doesn’t prove coffee can make people live longer. A study like this can never prove a cause-and-effect relationship. (77) All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation. And even if it turns out that coffee is really good for you, scientists have no idea why.
1. According to the first paragraph, reporters would like to know the research findings of .
1、According to the first paragraph, reporters would like to know the research findings of .
A tea
B beer
C alcohol
D coffee
答案解析：
题目:根据第一段，记者想知道的研究结果。
A:茶
B:啤酒
C:酒精
D:咖啡
2、According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A Freedman and his colleagues hired 400,000 Americans to collect data.
B About four hundred thousand Americans worked for Freedman’s team full time for 13 years.
C People who took part in Freedman’s research are about 50 to 70 years old.
D People who are 50 to 70 years old seldom drink coffee.
答案解析：
题目:根据短文，下列哪个选项是正确的?
A:弗里德曼和他的同事雇佣了40万美国人来收集数据。
B:
C:
D:50到70岁的人很少喝咖啡。
3、According to the author, scientists __ .
A have already proved that coffee is good for human health
B have a long way to go before they find a way to study coffee
C have avoided the cause-and-effect approach to study coffee
D are still unable to figure out why coffee is good for us
答案解析：
题目:根据作者，科学家。
A:已经证明咖啡对人体健康有好处吗
B:在他们找到研究咖啡的方法之前还有很长的路要走吗
C:是否避免了研究咖啡的因果关系
D:还是不明白为什么咖啡对我们有好处
4、The word “mixed”in the first paragraph means “___”.
A both good and bad
B put together
C both sharp and soft
D confused
5、Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?
A Can Beer Help You Live Longer?
B Can Coffee Help You Live Longer?
C Can Wine Help You Live Longer?
D Can Tea Help You Live Longer?
答案解析：
题目:下面哪个是适合这篇文章的标题?
A:啤酒能让你长寿吗?
B:咖啡能让你长寿吗?
C:葡萄酒能让你长寿吗?
D:茶能让你长寿吗?
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 2
When we’re learning a foreign language, making sense of what we hear is the first step toward fluency. It sounds obvious, but until recently, we didn’t know much about how listening works. New research demonstrates that effective listening involves more than simply hearing the words that float past our ears. Rather, it’s an active process of receiving information and making meaning. This kind of engaged listening is a skill that’s as critical for learning a range of subjects at school and work as it is for learning to understand a foreign tongue.
(78) Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead to superior comprehension. Last year, for example, University of Ottawa researcher Larry Vandergrift published his study of 106 undergraduates who were learning French as a second language. Half of the students were taught in a conventional fashion, listening to and practicing texts spoken aloud. The other half, possessing the same initial (最初的) skill level and taught by the same teacher, were given detailed instruction on how to listen. It mined out that the second group “significantly outperformed”(胜过) the first one on a test of comprehension.
So what are these listening strategies? Skilled learners go into a listening class with a sense of what they want to get out of it. (79) They set a goal for their listening and they generate predictions about what the speaker will say. Before the talking begins, they mentally review what they already know about the subject, and form an intention to “listen out for” what’s important or relevant. Once they begin listening, these learners maintain their focus; if their attention wanders, they bring it back to the words being spoken. They don’t allow themselves to be thrown off by confusing or unfamiliar details. Instead, they take note of what they don’t understand and make inferences about what those things might mean, based on other clues available to them: their previous knowledge of the subject, the context (语境) of the talk,, the identity of the speaker, and so on.
6、What is the main idea of this passage?
A Effective listening means hearing the words that float past our ears.
B Developing your listening skills is the first step toward developing fluency.
C Skilled listeners use specific strategies to get the most out of what they hear.
D Listening is one of the most powerful tools we have to gain information.
答案解析：
题目:这篇文章的主旨是什么?
A:有效的倾听意味着倾听那些从我们耳边掠过的话语。
B:提高你的听力技巧是提高流利程度的第一步。
C:有技巧的听众使用特定的策略来最大限度地利用他们所听到的。
D:倾听是我们获取信息最有力的工具之一。
7、What does Vandergrift’s research show?
A Learners who adopt specific listening strategies become better listeners.
B Learners taught in the traditional way are better at reinforcing what they learn.
C Learners are more confident if they make fewer mistakes.
D Learners who listen on a regular basis improve faster.
8、Which of the following statements about Vandergrift’s research is TRUE?
A The participants were postgraduates learning French as a second language.
B All the participants were taught using the conventional method, with the focus on listening strategies.
C The two groups were taught by different teachers.
D The participants were at the same initial skill level.
9、The expression“thrown off” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to “___”.
A infected
B confused
C ruined
D informed
10、According to the passage, which of the following strategies is NOT used by skilled learners?
A Review their prior knowledge of the subject.
B Concentrate on the speaker’s words.
C Translate into their native language.
D Predict what the speaker will say.
答案解析：
题目:根据这篇文章，以下哪个策略不是熟练的学习者所使用的?
A:复习他们之前对这门学科的知识。
B:
C:翻译成他们的母语。
D:预测说话者会说什么。
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
(80) As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians from the ship’s band stood and played. They died when the ship went down. Men stood on the deck and smoked cigarettes. They died, too. This behavior is puzzling to economists, who like to believe that people tend to act in their own self interest. “There was no pushing,” says David Savage, an economist at Queensland University in Australia who has studied witness reports from the survivors. It was “very, very orderly behavior.”
Savage has compared the behavior of the passengers on the Titanic with those on the Lusitania, another ship that also sank at about the same time. But when the Lusitania went down, the passengers panicked(恐慌). There were a lot of similarities between these two events. These two ships were both luxury ones, they had a similar number of passengers and a similar number of survivors.
The biggest difference, Savage concludes, was time. The Lusitania sank in less than 20 minutes. But for the Titanic, it was two-and-a-half hours. “If you’ve got an event that lasts two-and-a-half hours, social order will take over and everybody will behave in a social manner,” Savage says.“If you’re going down in under 17 minutes, basically it’s instinctual.” On the Titanic, social order ruled, and it was women and children first. On the Lusitania, instinct won out. The survivors were largely the people who could swim and get into the lifeboats.
Yes, we’re self-interested, Savage says. But we’re also part of a society. Given time, social norms (规范) can beat our natural self-interest. A hundred years ago, women and children always went first. Men were stoic (坚忍的). On the Titanic, there was enough time for these norms to become forceful.
11、According to the author, economists were confused because __ .
A people’s behavior was disorderly on the Titanic
B people did not act in their own interest on the Titanic
C most men did not act in their own interest on the Lusitania
D women and children could not climb into the lifeboats
答案解析：
作者认为，经济学家之所以困惑，是因为。
12、The expression “won out” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to “__”.
A took the upper hand
B went out of control
C ran wild
D shut down
13、According to David Savage, __ was a critical factor in determining people’s behavior in the sinking of these two ships.
A social order
B place
C instinct
D time
14、According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A Both ships were expensive ones.
B A similar number of women and children from both ships survived.
C About the same number of people from each ship died.
D Both ships had a similar number of passengers.
答案解析：
题目:根据短文，下列哪个选项是不正确的?
A:两艘船都很昂贵。
B:两艘船上幸存的妇女和儿童人数也差不多。
C:每艘船上的死亡人数大致相同。
D:两艘船的乘客人数相似。
15、Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?
A Why Didn’t Musicians Play on the Lusitania?
B Why Did Musicians Play on the Titanic?
C Why Didn’t Passengers Panic on the Titanic?
D Why Did Men Smoke on the Titanic?
答案解析：
下面哪个是适合这篇文章的标题?
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