Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things”. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs，but archaeologists (考古学家) learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materials that don't break down or disappear very quickly—things like human bones and objects made from stone and metal.
It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history--normally, the bacteria (细菌) in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood. Occasionally, things are different.
In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup—walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out—a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police，who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly--but it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs—the scientists who examined him were able to look inside the man's stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal!
Why was this man so well preserved? (76) It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the man's skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes.
How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they cal
1、Which language does the word “archaeology”come from?
A French.
B Greek.
C Roman.
D German.
2、The word “these” in the first paragraph refers to_______.
A letters
B photographs
C paintings
D objects
3、Which of the following helped to preserve“Lindow Man”?
A Ice and low temperature.
B Bacteria and oxygen.
C Soil and energy.
D Acid and water.
4、According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A “Lindow Man”was named after the person who first found him.
B Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidence.
C “Lindow Man” was found by two archaeologists in the south of England.
D “Lindow Man”was good at manual work.
答案解析：
根据短文，下列哪个陈述是正确的?
5、Which is the best title for the passage?
A What Is Archaeology?
B Archaeology and History
C An Amazing Archaeological Discovery
D The Death of“Lindow Man”
答案解析：
题目:这篇文章最好的题目是什么?
A:考古学是什么?
B:考古和历史
C:惊人的考古发现
D:
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th-century cafes of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare.
And yet, city life isn't easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs (损害) our basic mental processes. (78) After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control. While it's long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so.
One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain. Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a lawn. Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life.
This research arrives just as humans cross an important milestone (里程碑). For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities. Instead of inhabiting wide-open spaces, we're crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by traffic and millions of Strangers. In recent years, it's become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think.
This research is also leading some scientists to dabble (涉足) in urban design, as they look for ways to make the city less damaging to the brain. (79) The good news is th
6、Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?
A The city inspires talented people.
B The city hurts your brain.
C The city has many pleasures and benefits.
D The city seriously affects the natural balance.
答案解析：
题目:下面哪个是这篇文章的主要观点?
A:这座城市激励着人才。
B:城市伤害你的大脑。
C:这座城市有许多乐趣和好处。
D:城市严重影响了自然平衡。
7、The word “metropolis” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_______.
A citizen
B nature
C city
D stress
8、People have just come to realize that__ .
A human attention is a scarce resource
B city life can make people very tired
C the city is an engine of intellectual life
D an urban environment is damaging to the brain
答案解析：
题目:人们刚刚意识到这一点。
A:人类的注意力是一种稀缺的资源
B:城市生活可以使人很累
C:城市是知识生活的发动机
D:城市环境对大脑有害
9、What is the factor mentioned in the third paragraph that helps the hospital patients recover more quickly?
A Nature.
B Better treatment.
C Experienced doctors.
D Good medicine.
答案解析：
题目:第三段中提到的帮助医院病人更快康复的因素是什么?
A:大自然。
B:更好的待遇。
C:有经验的医生。
D:好药。
10、According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A Different aspects (方面) of an urban environment, such as the crowded streets, can lead to an increase in self-control.
B Small changes in urban design cannot reduce the negative side effects of city life.
C For the first time in history, the earth's population is more urban than rural.
D A walk down a busy city street will improve brain performance.
答案解析：
根据短文，下列哪个陈述是正确的?
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
Breastfeeding (母乳喂养) for a month or longer appears to reduce a woman's risk of getting diabetes (糖病) later in life, according to a new study. The breastfeeding and diabetes link has been reported in other studies, according to researcher Eleanor Schwarz. Yet, her study makes the link easier to believe. Her study is published in a journal of medicine in America. Schwarz and her colleagues looked at data about breastfeeding practices. They evaluated data on 2,233 women from Califomia. Of those, 405 were not mothers, 1,125 were mothers who breastfed for at least a month, and 703 were mothers who had never breastfed. They were 40 to 78 years old.
According to Schwarz's study, the risk of getting a diagnosis (诊断) of Type 2 diabetes for women who breastfed all their children for a month or longer was similar to that of women who had not given birth. But mothers who had never breastfed were nearly twice as likely to develop diabetes as women who had never given birth. Mothers who never breastfed were about 1.4 times as likely to develop diabetes as women who breastfed for one to three months, Schwarz found.
While one month of breastfeeding appears to make a difference, Schwarz says, even longer is better. (80) “Previous studies have shown the longer the mom breastfeeds, the more benefit for her body.” Many experts recommend breastfeeding for six months and continuing for a year, she says.
The diabetes-breastfeeding link is probably explained by belly fat. Mothers, who don't breastfeed, as they get older, may have more belly fat, as breastfeeding helps new mothers take off weight. “Belly fat increases the risk of diabetes as you get older,” she says.
The finding isn't surprising at all, says Kimberly Gregory. She often gives advice to women who get diabetes (occurring during pregnancy (怀孕)) that they are at risk for later getting Type 2 diabetes and suggests they breastfeed. The new findings will probably inspire Gregory to add to the-advice sh
11、According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A About two thousand and two hundred old women took part in the study.
B Eleanor Schwarz's research program was about men and women who suffered from diabetes.
C Over one fifths of the women never got married.
D Eleanor Schwarz's results seem more reliable.
答案解析：
题目:根据第一段，下列哪个陈述是正确的?
A:大约两千二百名老年妇女参加了这项研究。
B:Eleanor Schwarz的研究项目是关于患有糖尿病的男性和女性。
C:超过五分之一的女性从未结过婚。
D:埃莉诺•施瓦茨(Eleanor Schwarz)的研究结果似乎更可靠。
12、According to Schwarz's findings, who are more likely to get diabetes later in life?
A Those mothers who had never breastfed.
B Those mothers who never gave birth.
C Those mothers who breastfed for a month.
D Those mothers who breastfed for six months.
答案解析：
题目:根据施瓦茨的发现，谁在晚年更容易患糖尿病?
A:那些从未母乳喂养过的母亲。
B:那些从未生过孩子的母亲。
C:母乳喂养一个月的母亲。
D:母乳喂养6个月的母亲。
13、Which of the following statements would Schwarz agree with?
A Breastfeeding is not advisable because it is not good for a mom to keep a good shape.
B Breastfeeding can greatly reduce a mother's chances of getting all kinds of serious disease.
C Breastfeeding for a month is highly recommended: the longer, the better.
D Breastfeeding for a month or longer makes babies smarter.
答案解析：
题目:以下哪个陈述施瓦茨会同意?
A:母乳喂养是不可取的，因为它不利于母亲保持良好的形状。
B:母乳喂养可以大大降低母亲患各种严重疾病的几率。
C:强烈建议母乳喂养一个月:时间越长越好。
D:母乳喂养一个月或更长时间会让婴儿更聪明。
14、What does the author mean by “moms-to-be” in the last paragraph?
A Women who are pregnant, especially for the first time.
B Women who dream of having babies for the first time.
C Women who already have children.
D Women who have just got babies for the first time.
15、Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?
A Breastfeeding May Enhance Babies' Chances of Survival
B Breastfeeding May Lower Moms' Diabetes Risk
C Breastfeeding May Become Very Fashionable in Near Future
D Breastfeeding May Help Women Lose Weight
答案解析：
题目:下面哪个是适合这篇文章的标题?
A:母乳喂养可以提高婴儿的存活率
B:母乳喂养可以降低母亲患糖尿病的风险
C:在不久的将来，母乳喂养可能会变得非常流行
D:母乳喂养可以帮助女性减肥
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (30%)
16、You should carefully think over__ the manager said at the meeting.
A that
B which
C what
D whose
答案解析：
题目:你应该仔细考虑一下经理在会上说的话。
A:那
B:哪一个
C:什么
D:谁的
17、Last week I wrote to the hotel to book a room, but they __ yet.
A didn't answer
B wasn't answering
C hadn't answered
D haven't answered
答案解析：
题目:上周我写信给旅馆订了一个房间，但他们还没有。
A:没有回答
B:不回答
C:没有回答
D:还没回答
18、Diana felt very much upset at ___ to the party as she had longed to go for a long time.
A having not been invited
B not having been invited
C not to be invited
D to be not invited
答案解析：
题目:黛安娜为没有被邀请参加晚会而感到非常不高兴，因为她已经渴望去很久了。
A:没有被邀请
B:没有被邀请
C:不被邀请
D:不被邀请
19、On no account __ held responsible for the car accident, so he should not be put into prison.
A the driver can be
B can the driver be
C the driver be
D be the driver
答案解析：
题目:无论如何他都不对这次车祸负责，所以他不应该被关进监狱。
A:驱动程序可以是
B:司机会
C:司机是
D:是司机
20、All the kids are crying now. What__ makes them so unhappy?
A it is
B is it
C it is that
D is it that
答案解析：
题目:现在所有的孩子都在哭。是什么让他们这么不开心?
A:它是
B:它是
C:那就是
D:是
21、Unfortunately, the package I was expecting was __ to the wrong address.
A written
B given
C packed
D delivered
答案解析：
题目:不幸的是，我期待的包裹寄错了地址。
A:写
B:鉴于
C:包装
D:交付
22、__ by a large audience, he felt very nervous and didn't know what to say.
A Watching
B Watch
C Watched
D Having watched
答案解析：
题目:在很多观众面前，他感到非常紧张，不知道说什么好。
A:看
B:看
C:看着
D:看过
23、I'm very grateful for your help and hope to do something for you__ in the future.
A in exchange
B instead
C in return
D in particular
答案解析：
题目:我非常感谢你的帮助，希望将来能为你做点什么。
A:作为交换
B:而不是
C:作为回报
D:特别是
24、I can ___ you that the animals are well cared for in our zoo, so you needn't worry about them.
A suppose
B assume
C assure
D grant
答案解析：
题目:我可以告诉你，动物在我们的动物园被很好地照顾，所以你不必担心他们。
A:猜想，认为
B:假设，猜想
C:使相信，使确信
D:准许，答应给予
25、The drowning boy made a __ attempt to catch the rope thrown to him.
A dangerous
B graceful
C gentle
D desperate
答案解析：
题目:溺水的男孩试图抓住扔给他的绳子。
A:危险的
B:优雅的
C:温柔的
D:绝望的
26、If we ___ early tomorrow morning, we will reach the coast before dark.
A take off
B set off
C set up
D take up
答案解析：
题目:如果我们明天一大早，天黑前就能到达海岸。
A:脱掉，（飞机）起飞
B:出发，动身
C:建立，建造
D:拿起，占去（时间/空间）
27、A lot of people mistake John for Bill because they __ each other in appearance too much!
A weave
B utilize
C reveal
D resemble
答案解析：
题目:很多人把约翰错当成比尔，因为他们在外表上太像了!
A:织
B:利用
C:揭示
D:像
28、When there are cordial relations between the two countries, we mean there exists a ____ relationship between them.
A friendly
B hostile
C fertile
D complicated
答案解析：
题目:两个国家之间有亲切良好的关系的时候我们是指这两个国家关系好
A:友好的
B:充满敌意的
C:肥沃的
D:复杂的
29、The patient's recovery was very encouraging as he could ___ get out of bed without help.
A only
B almost
C merely
D hardly
答案解析：
题目:病人的康复非常令人鼓舞，因为他几乎可以在没有帮助的情况下下床。
A:只，仅仅
B:几乎
C:仅仅，只是
D:几乎不
30、At the job interview, Mr. Brown gave a good ___ of himself and finally got a job as a salesman.
A opinion
B idea
C cry
D account
答案解析：
题目:在求职面试中，布朗先生表现得很好，最后得到了一份推销员的工作。
A:意见
B:想法
C:哭，喊
D:描述，报道
31、As is well known, eating too much fat can ____ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
A add to
B attend to
C contribute to
D apply to
答案解析：
题目:众所周知，吃太多脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压。
A:添加到
B:参加
C:导致
D:适用于
32、A club is a place to make frequent__ with friends.
A accounts
B attempts
C contents
D contacts
答案解析：
题目:俱乐部是一个经常与朋友聚会的地方。
A:账户
B:尝试
C:内容
D:联系人
33、___ the obvious differences in size and population, the states of America have many things ___ common.
A Although; on
B Though; in
C Despite; in
D Because of; on
答案解析：
题目:由于面积和人口的明显差异，美国各州有许多共同之处。
A:虽然;在
B:虽然;在
C:尽管;在
D:因为的;在
34、Scientists say it may be five or six years __ this medicine is tested on human beings.
A since
B before
C after
D when
答案解析：
题目:科学家表示，这种药物可能需要五六年时间才能在人体上进行测试。
A:自
B:之前
C:后
D:当
35、With larger numbers of graduates than ever before, just having a degree will no longer be enough to make you ___ in the crowd.
A stand up
B stand by
C stand for
D stand out
答案解析：
题目:随着毕业生人数比以往任何时候都多，仅仅拥有一个学位将不再足以让你在人群中脱颖而出。
A:起身，站起来
B:站在旁边，袖手旁观
C:代表
D:脱颖而出，突出
36、The doctor tried to do an experiment to find out the__ of the medicine on the mice.
A cause
B result
C reason
D effect
答案解析：
题目:医生试图做一个实验来找出这种药对老鼠的药效。
A:导致
B:结果
C:原因
D:效果
37、This is only one of the laundries in the district ___ modem equipment.
A that have
B which have
C that has
D what has
答案解析：
题目:这只是地区现代化设备中的一个洗衣店。
A:有
B:哪有
C:有
D:有什么
38、Skating can be good for you ___ correctly.
A though doing
B though done
C if done
D if doing
答案解析：
题目:如果做得正确，滑冰对你有好处。
A:虽然做的
B:虽然做的
C:如果做
D:如果做
39、By the end of last week 611 people from 49 countries ___ to attend the meeting, with nearly half coming from the United States, Germany and Britain.
A had registered
B have registered
C registered
D were registered
答案解析：
题目:截至上周末，来自49个国家的611人参加了会议，其中近一半来自美国、德国和英国。
A:有注册
B:已经注册
C:注册
D:注册
40、It was suggested that__ big event like the Year of Russia in China should certainly benefit__ relationship between the two countries.
A a; the
B the; a
C a; /
D the; /
答案解析：
题目:有人建议，像中国的俄罗斯年这样的大事当然应该有利于两国关系。
A:一个;的
B:的;一个
C:一个;/
D:的;/
41、Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded__ other more well-informed experimenters failed.
A as
B unless
C what
D where
答案解析：
题目:尽管他对这个领域所做的大量工作知之甚少，但他成功了。
A:作为
B:除非
C:什么
D:在哪里
42、Having been praised by the teacher, the little girl ran back home, __ .
A deeper
B slower
C further
D higher
答案解析：
题目:小女孩受到老师的表扬后，又跑回家。
A:更深层次的
B:慢
C:进一步
D:更高的
43、Before building a house, you will have to ___ the government's permission.
A get from
B follow
C receive
D ask for
答案解析：
题目:在盖房子之前，你必须得到政府的许可。
A:从
B:遵循
C:收到
D:要求
44、__ ten minutes earlier, you wouldn't have missed the train. But you were late.
A Had you come
B Did you come
C Have you come
D Should you come
答案解析：
题目:如果你早来十分钟，你就不会错过火车了。但是你迟到了。
A:如果你来了
B:你来
C:你来
D:你应该来
45、Having been told that her son died in the accident, the old woman appeared very calm, as if nothing ___ .
A happened
B were happened
C was happened
D had happened
答案解析：
题目:得知儿子在事故中丧生后，老妇人显得非常平静，好像什么事也没有发生过。
A:发生了
B:都发生了
C:是发生的
D:发生了
Part Ⅲ Identification (10%)
46、I don't think a warm winter always has a negative influence on our life, hasn't it?
正确答案：D
答案解析：
我不认为一个温暖的冬天总是对我们的生活有负面影响，不是吗?
47、We have been told that under no circumstances we may use the telephone in the office for personal affairs
正确答案：C
答案解析：
我们被告知，在任何情况下我们都不能在办公室用电话处理私人事务
48、A warm thought suddenly came to me which I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday.
正确答案：B
答案解析：
我突然想到一个温暖的想法，我可以用零花钱买一些花给我妈妈的生日。
49、To wait in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized that he had left the wallet in the car.
正确答案：A
答案解析：
排队等了半个小时，老人突然意识到他把钱包忘在车里了。
50、The Great Wall is so a well-known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
正确答案：B
答案解析：
长城是一个著名的旅游景点，每年有数百万人涌入。
51、Equipped with modem facilities, today's hospitals are quite different from that of the past.
正确答案：D
答案解析：
今天的医院配备了现代化的设施，与过去的医院大不相同。
52、We solved the problem by using a computer rather than to do it all by hand.
正确答案：C
答案解析：
我们用电脑解决了这个问题，而不是全部用手做。
53、Who has eyes can see what great achievements we have made since 1978.
正确答案：A
答案解析：
凡是有眼睛的人都能看到我们自1978年以来所取得的巨大成就。
54、Surely, there are lots of problems solving in our research so we need to get well prepared in advance.
正确答案：B
答案解析：
当然，在我们的研究中有很多问题需要解决，所以我们需要提前做好准备。
55、The harder he tried, the most failures he suffered in his early days as a writer.
正确答案：B
答案解析：
他越努力，在他当作家的早期经历的失败就越多
Part IV Cloze (10%)
Part IV Cloze (10%)
We have quite a bit of information about ancient Egyptian medicine. Doctors' instructions have been found to tell us 56 they did for the sick and the injured. 57 many of the treatments included magic, ancient Egyptians used plant leaves and other methods to treat many 58 .
Religion, magic and medicine were 59 related in ancient Egypt. Some priests (牧师) were specially 60 as doctors to 61 the sick and the injured. Doctors were held to a high moral standard. Patients were treated with 62 and their 63 information was highly secret. The highest-ranking doctors were priests of the goddess Sekhmet, 64 controlled illnesses. Doctors spent a part of each year 65 the goddess. Doctors were thought to be 66 to the gods and able to ask them for healing.
Temples were centers for healing. 67 a person was ill, he or she would come to the temple or 68 a doctor for a diagnosis (诊断). A (n) 69 problem was treated with medicine, prayer and magic. If a clear cause was not 70 , the diagnosis would be that the illness was caused by an evil spirit or curse. The doctor would use magic spells to 71 a cure. 72 , a diagnosis could not be reached. 73 this case, a patient would be told to rest for a period of time 74 another examination could be 75.
56、( 56 )
A what
B why
C that
D which
57、( 57 )
A When
B Since
C Although
D After
58、( 58 )
A damages
B diseases
C disasters
D destructions
59、( 59 )
A hardly
B closely
C mainly
D shortly
60、( 60 )
A trained
B designed
C planned
D studied
61、( 61 )
A look to
B come to
C care for
D search for
62、( 62 )
A reputation
B inspection
C fame
D respect
63、( 63 )
A ill
B own
C hidden
D personal
64、( 64 )
A that
B which
C who
D what
65、( 65 )
A serving
B reading
C learning
D following
66、( 66 )
A careful
B generous
C mean
D close
67、( 67 )
A Before
B When
C Until
D Since
68、( 68 )
A think over
B apply to
C call for
D make up
69、( 69 )
A 喵呜刷题
B 喵呜刷题
C 喵呜刷题
D 喵呜刷题
70、( 70 )
A treated
B discovered
C cured
D aroused
71、( 71 )
A bring about
B set out
C insist on
D make up
72、( 72 )
A Subsequently
B Consequently
C Occasionally
D Hopefully
73、( 73 )
A With
B In
C For
D On
74、( 74 )
A until
B when
C although
D because
75、( 75 )
A decided
B performed
C carried
D discussed
Part Ⅴ Translation (20%)
76、It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live.
答案解析：这是因为他生活在一个非常潮湿的环境中，远离了需要氧气才能生存的细菌。
77、His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn't done heavy manual work in his life—he could have been a rich man.
正确答案：他的手和指甲表明他这辈子没有做过繁重的体力活——他本可以成为一个富人。
78、After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control.
答案解析：在拥挤的城市街道上呆上几分钟后，大脑记忆的能力就会下降，自控能力也会下降。
79、The good news is that even slight alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life.
答案解析：好消息是，即使是轻微的改变，比如在市中心种更多的树，或者在城市公园里种植更多种类的植物，都能显著减少城市生活的负面影响。
80、Previous studies have shown the longer the mom breastfeeds, the more benefit for her body.
答案解析：此前的研究表明，母亲母乳喂养的时间越长，对身体的益处就越大。
81、在房子前面的大树下放着一张桌子。
正确答案：There is a table under the big tree in front of the house.
82、他二十七岁时开始学英语。
正确答案：He started learning English at the age of 27.
83、全球化也正在改变人们的生活方式。
正确答案：Globalization is also changing people's way of life.
84、这部电影我已经看过好几遍了。
正确答案：I have watched this movie several times.
85、这就是他五年前住过的房子。
正确答案：This is the house where he lived five years ago.
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