Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares(噩梦).
(76)Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. (77) So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.
Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers’ troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.
“Some memories can ruin people’s lives. They come back to you when you don’t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions.” said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. “This could relieve a lot of that suffering.”
But those who are against the research say that it is very dangerous to change memories because memories give us our identity. They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.
“All of us can think of bad events in our lived that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I’m not sure we want to wipe those memories out,” said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.
1、The passage is mainly about __ .
A a new medical invention
B a new research on memories
C a way of erasing painful memories
D an argument about the research on the pill
答案解析：
题目:这篇文章主要是关于。
A:一项新的医学发明
B:一项关于记忆的新研究
C:一种抹去痛苦记忆的方法
D:关于避孕药研究的争论
2、The drug tested on people can __ .
A cause the brain to fix memories
B stop people remembering their experiences
C prevent body producing certain chemicals
D wipe out the emotional effects of memories
答案解析：
题目:这种药可以在人身上试验。
A:使大脑修复记忆
B:阻止人们回忆他们的经历
C:防止身体产生某些化学物质
D:消除记忆的情感效应
3、We can infer from the passage that__ .
A people doubt the effects of the pills
B the pill will stop people’s bad experiences
C taking the pill will do harm to people’s health
D the pill has probably been produced in America
答案解析：
题目:我们可以从这篇文章中推断。
A:人们怀疑这些药丸的效果
B:
C:
D:这种药丸可能是在美国生产的
4、Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with?
A Some memories can ruin people’s lives.
B People want to get rid of bad memories.
C Experiencing bad events makes us different from others.
D The pill will reduce people’s sufferings from bad memories.
答案解析：
瑞贝卡·德莱塞同意以下哪一项?
5、The word “scars” in Paragraph One is close in meaning to ____.
A good stories
B pains
C experiences
D memories
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
On-the-job smoking is a hot issue for both smokers and non-smokers, and many managers now see smoking as a productivity problem. Although some people question whether smoking really affects one’s productivity, it has, in fact, been proven that a smoker costs a company more than a non-smoker. According to Professor William Weis, a smoking employee costs his or her employer about $ 5,700 more a year than a never-smoker. These costs include medical care, lost earnings and insurance. And absence due to smoking breaks is one of the productivity problems, yet it accounts for a great deal of employer costs.
(78) When the issue of smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps the most important problem is the health risk that smoking causes to both smokers and never-smokers. It has long been proven that smoking is linked to lung cancer. Now many health experts warn that passive smoking can cause lung cancer and other illnesses in healthy never-smokers. Passive smoking can be defined as exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke in enclosed areas. Anyone who has been with smokers indeed knows that their smoke can cause eye irritation, coughing, headaches and throat soreness. While eye irritation may seem a small thing to some smokers, it nevertheless is a problem that occurs every workday in offices and break-rooms and can lead to greater health problems. Employees who do not smoke should not be subjected to the risks of passive smoking and need to be able to work in a safe environment. Surgeon General Koop states that the right of the smoker stops at the point where his or her smoking increases the disease risk of those occupying the same environment.
6、All the following cases are on-the-job smoking except that__ .
A an employer smokes while working in the office
B a taxi driver smokes while driving the car
C a worker smokes while working in the workshop
D a worker smokes while reading in the train
答案解析：
题目:除上述情况外，其余均为在职吸烟。
A:雇主在办公室工作时吸烟
B:出租车司机开车时抽烟
C:一个工人在车间工作时抽烟
D:一个工人在火车上看书时抽烟
7、According to the passage, on-the-job smoking affects an employee’s performance in the office in that_____.
A he can concentrate on what he is doing while smoking
B he often goes away from his desk to smoke in the break-room
C he often asks for sick leave as a result of too much smoking
D he takes a rest from time to time because of eye irritation
8、Many managers do not seem to be in favor of on-the-job smoking mainly because it __ .
A reduces productivity of the company to a certain degree
B does harm to the health of never-smokers of the company
C affects the relationship between smokers and non-smokers
D makes the break-rooms more crowded and more polluted
答案解析：
题目:许多经理似乎不赞成在职吸烟，主要是因为吸烟。
A:在一定程度上降低了公司的生产效率
B:对公司不吸烟的人的健康有害吗
C:影响吸烟者和非吸烟者之间的关系
D:使休息室更拥挤，污染更严重
9、Passive smoking means__
A never-smokers take up the habit of smoking unwillingly
B never-smokers have to put up with the active smokers
C never-smokers take in smoke released by a lit cigarette
D never-smokers share an enclosed area with smokers
答案解析：
题目:被动吸烟意味着
A:从不吸烟的人不情愿地染上了吸烟的习惯
B:从不吸烟的人必须忍受那些活跃的吸烟者
C:从不吸烟的人吸入点燃的香烟释放的烟雾
D:从不吸烟的人和吸烟者共享一个封闭的区域
10、In the second part of the passage, the author suggests banning on-the-job smoking so as to__ .
A cut down costs of medical care and insurance
B create a healthy and safe working environment
C prevent eye irritation from becoming a big health problem
D improve the smoking employees’ work efficiency
答案解析：
题目:在文章的第二部分，作者建议禁止在职吸烟。
A:减少医疗和保险费用
B:创造健康安全的工作环境
C:防止眼睛刺激成为一个大的健康问题
D:
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage
Scientists in India have invented a new way to produce electricity. Their invention does not get its power from oil, coal or other fuels. It produces electricity with the power of animals. India has about eighty million bullocks. They do all kinds of jobs. They work in the fields. They pull vehicles through the streets. They carry water containers. (79)Indian energy officials have been seeking ways to use less imported oil to provide energy. Scientists at the National Institute for Industrial Engineering in Bombay wondered whether the millions of bullocks could help. Many villages in India lack electricity, but they have many bullocks. And often the animals are not working. One job done by bullocks is to pump water out of the well. The animals do this by walking around and around in a circle. As they walk, they turn a heavy stick that makes the pump move. This simple technology is centuries old. Scientists thought that the same technology could be used to produce electricity. Bullocks walk in a circle only two or three times a minute. This is much too slow to produce electricity, but it can create enough power to turn a series of gears. A large gear sits next to a smaller gear. As the large gear turns, it causes the smaller gear to turn. That gear turns an even smaller one. Each gear moves faster because it is a little smaller. The smallest gear may turn extremely fast. (80)Clocks operate with gears. So do cars and so does the device invented by the Indian scientists to produce electricity.
According to the officials in the United Nations, the idea is being tested at several places in India. The device is easy to operate and repair. And it can be moved easily. It costs about three hundred and seven dollars now to make such a device, but production of large numbers of them could cut the cost of each to about two hundred dollars.
11、Who first thought of using bullocks to provide energy?
A Indian energy officials
B Scientists in India
C Officials in the United Nations
D Researchers in Europe.
答案解析：
题目:谁第一个想到用公牛来提供能量?
A:印度能源官员
B:科学家们在印度
C:联合国官员
D:研究人员在欧洲。
12、Which kind of job that the bullocks do is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A Pulling vehicles
B Plowing fields
C Pumping water out if wells
D Carrying food baskets.
答案解析：
题目:文中没有提到公牛做的是什么工作?
A:把车辆
B:耕地领域
C:如果有井，就把水抽出来
D:携带食物篮子。
13、Why are bullocks used to provide energy in India?
A Because bullocks have long been used by Indian people
B Because bullocks walk slowly and are easy to control
C Because there are few non-working bullocks in India
D Because there is not enough oil in India
答案解析：
题目:为什么公牛在印度被用来提供能源?
A:因为印度人很早就开始使用公牛了
B:因为公牛走得很慢，很容易控制
C:因为在印度很少有不工作的公牛
D:因为印度没有足够的石油
14、In the sentence “This simple technology is centuries old” in Paragraph One, “This simple technology” refers to _____.
A using bullocks to produce energy
B using pumps to draw water out
C having bullocks walk around to make the pump move
D connecting gears of different sizes to produce electricity.
15、Which of the following is true about the device mentioned in the passage?
A It has a large gear and a smaller gear.
B It’s easy to use, but difficult to move.
C It’s quite cheap.
D It’s still being tested.
答案解析：
题目:关于文中提到的装置，下列哪个选项是正确的?
A:它有一个大齿轮和一个小齿轮。
B:
C:它很便宜。
D:
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