一、Section Ⅰ Use of English
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
1、(1)
A、where
B、when
C、that
D、why
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
2、(2)
A、improves
B、fades
C、recovers
D、collapses
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
3、(3)
A、If
B、Unless
C、Once
D、While
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
4、(4)
A、uneven
B、limited
C、damaging
D、obscure
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
5、(5)
A、wellbeing
B、environment
C、relationship
D、outlook
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
6、(6)
A、turns
B、finds
C、points
D、figures
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
7、(7)
A、roundabouts
B、responses
C、workouts
D、associations
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
8、(8)
A、genre
B、functions
C、circumstances
D、criterion
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
9、(9)
A、channel
B、condition
C、sequence
D、process
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
10、(10)
A、persist
B、believe
C、excel
D、feature
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
11、(11)
A、Therefore
B、Moreover
C、Otherwise
D、However
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
12、(12)
A、according to
B、regardless of
C、apart from
D、instead of
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
13、(13)
A、back
B、further
C、aside
D、around
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
14、(14)
A、sharpness
B、stability
C、framework
D、flexibility
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
15、(15)
A、forces
B、reminds
C、hurries
D、allows
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
16、(16)
A、hold
B、track
C、order
D、pace
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
17、(17)
A、to
B、with
C、for
D、on
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
18、(18)
A、irregularly
B、habitually
C、constantly
D、unusually
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
19、(19)
A、carry
B、put
C、build
D、take
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember (1)_____ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain (2)_____, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” (3)_____ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) (4)_____ impact on our professional, social, and personal (5)_____.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It (6)_____ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental (7)_____ can significantly improve our basic cognitive (8)_____. Thinking is essentially a (9)_____ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to (10)_____ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. (11)_____, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate (12)_____ mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step (13)_____ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental (14)_____.
The Web-based program (15)_____ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps (16)_____ of your progress and provides detailed feedback (17)_____ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it (18)_____ modifies and enhances the games you play to (19)_____ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) (20)_____ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
20、(20)
A、risky
B、effective
C、idle
D、familiar
二、Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
In order to “change lives for the better” and reduce “dependency”, George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the “upfront work search” scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit—and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?
More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on,” he claimed. “We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster.” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”— protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.
Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.
But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency—permanent dependency if you can get it—supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase “jobseeker’s allowance” is about redefining the unemployed as a “jobseeker” who had no fundamental right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited “allowance,” conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at £71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.
21、21. George Osborne’s scheme was intended to ________.
A、provide the unemployed with easier access to benefits
B、encourage jobseekers’ active engagement in job seeking
C、motivate the unemployed to report voluntarily
D、guarantee jobseekers’ legitimate right to benefits
In order to “change lives for the better” and reduce “dependency”, George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the “upfront work search” scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit—and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?
More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on,” he claimed. “We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster.” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”— protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.
Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.
But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency—permanent dependency if you can get it—supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase “jobseeker’s allowance” is about redefining the unemployed as a “jobseeker” who had no fundamental right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited “allowance,” conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at £71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.
22、22. The phrase, “to sign on” (Line 2, Para. 2) most probably means ________.
A、to check on the availability of jobs at the jobcentre
B、to accept the government’s restrictions on the allowance
C、to register for an allowance from the government
D、to attend a governmental job-training program
In order to “change lives for the better” and reduce “dependency”, George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the “upfront work search” scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit—and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?
More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on,” he claimed. “We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster.” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”— protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.
Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.
But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency—permanent dependency if you can get it—supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase “jobseeker’s allowance” is about redefining the unemployed as a “jobseeker” who had no fundamental right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited “allowance,” conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at £71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.
23、23. What prompted the chancellor to develop his scheme?
A、A desire to secure a better life for all.
B、An eagerness to protect the unemployed.
C、An urge to be generous to the claimants.
D、A passion to ensure fairness for taxpayers.
In order to “change lives for the better” and reduce “dependency”, George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the “upfront work search” scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit—and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?
More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on,” he claimed. “We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster.” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”— protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.
Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.
But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency—permanent dependency if you can get it—supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase “jobseeker’s allowance” is about redefining the unemployed as a “jobseeker” who had no fundamental right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited “allowance,” conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at £71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.
24、24. According to Paragraph 3, being unemployed makes one feel ________.
A、uneasy
B、enraged
C、insulted
D、guilty
In order to “change lives for the better” and reduce “dependency”, George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the “upfront work search” scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit—and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?
More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on,” he claimed. “We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster.” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”— protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.
Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.
But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency—permanent dependency if you can get it—supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase “jobseeker’s allowance” is about redefining the unemployed as a “jobseeker” who had no fundamental right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited “allowance,” conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at £71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.
25、25. To which of the following would the author most probably agree?
A、The British welfare system indulges jobseekers’ laziness.
B、Osborne’s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.
C、The jobseekers’ allowance has met their actual needs.
D、Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.
All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.
During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.
There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.
Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.
The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.
In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.
26、26. A lot of students take up law as their profession due to ________.
A、the growing demand from clients
B、the increasing pressure of inflation
C、the prospect of working in big firms
D、the attraction of financial rewards
All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.
During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.
There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.
Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.
The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.
In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.
27、27. Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?
A、Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.
B、Admissions approval from the bar association.
C、Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.
D、Receiving training by professional associations.
All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.
During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.
There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.
Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.
The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.
In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.
28、28. Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from ________.
A、lawyers’ and clients’ strong resistance
B、the rigid bodies governing the profession
C、the stern exam for would-be lawyers
D、non-professionals’ sharp criticism
All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.
During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.
There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.
Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.
The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.
In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.
29、29. The guild-like ownership structure is considered “restrictive” partly because it ________.
A、bans outsiders’ involvement in the profession
B、keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares
C、aggravates the ethical situation in the trade
D、prevents lawyers from gaining due profits
All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.
During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.
There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.
Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.
The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.
In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.
30、30. In this text, the author mainly discusses ________.
A、flawed ownership of America’s law firms and its causes
B、the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America
C、a problem in America’s legal profession and solutions to it
D、the role of undergraduate studies in America’s legal education
The US $3-million Fundamental Physics Prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March. And it is far from the only one of its type. As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.
What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels. The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research. They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.
The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism. Some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.
As Nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed. The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, launched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Nobels were, of course, themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.
As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere. It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.
31、31. The Fundamental Physics Prize is seen as ________.
A、a symbol of the entrepreneurs’ wealth
B、a possible replacement of the Nobel Prizes
C、an example of bankers’ investments
D、a handsome reward for researchers
The US $3-million Fundamental Physics Prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March. And it is far from the only one of its type. As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.
What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels. The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research. They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.
The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism. Some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.
As Nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed. The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, launched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Nobels were, of course, themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.
As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere. It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.
32、32. The critics think that the new awards will most benefit ________.
A、the profit-oriented scientists
B、the founders of the new awards
C、the achievement-based system
D、peer-review-led research
The US $3-million Fundamental Physics Prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March. And it is far from the only one of its type. As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.
What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels. The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research. They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.
The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism. Some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.
As Nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed. The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, launched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Nobels were, of course, themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.
As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere. It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.
33、33. The discovery of the Higgs boson is a typical case which involves ________.
A、controversies over the recipients’ status
B、the joint effort of modern researchers
C、legitimate concerns over the new prizes
D、the demonstration of research findings
The US $3-million Fundamental Physics Prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March. And it is far from the only one of its type. As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.
What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels. The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research. They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.
The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism. Some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.
As Nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed. The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, launched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Nobels were, of course, themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.
As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere. It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.
34、34. According to Paragraph 4, which of the following is true of the Nobels?
A、Their endurance has done justice to them.
B、Their legitimacy has long been in dispute.
C、They are the most representative honor.
D、History has never cast doubt on them.
The US $3-million Fundamental Physics Prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March. And it is far from the only one of its type. As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.
What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels. The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research. They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.
The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism. Some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.
As Nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed. The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, launched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Nobels were, of course, themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.
As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere. It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.
35、35. The author believes that the new awards are ________.
A、acceptable despite the criticism
B、harmful to the culture of research
C、subject to undesirable changes
D、unworthy of public attention
“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.
In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others” to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.” In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.
The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy, stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.
Unfortunately, despite 2½ years in the making, “The Heart of the Matter” never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive,” or left-liberal propaganda.
Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.
The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.
36、36. According to Paragraph 1, what is the author’s attitude toward the AAAS’s report?
A、Critical.
B、Appreciative.
C、Contemptuous.
D、Tolerant.
“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.
In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others” to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.” In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.
The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy, stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.
Unfortunately, despite 2½ years in the making, “The Heart of the Matter” never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive,” or left-liberal propaganda.
Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.
The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.
37、37. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to ________.
A、retain people’s interest in liberal education
B、define the government’s role in education
C、keep a leading position in liberal education
D、safeguard individuals’ rights to education
“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.
In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others” to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.” In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.
The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy, stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.
Unfortunately, despite 2½ years in the making, “The Heart of the Matter” never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive,” or left-liberal propaganda.
Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.
The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.
38、38. According to Paragraph 3, the report suggests ________.
A、an exclusive study of American history
B、a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects
C、the application of emerging technologies
D、funding for the study of foreign languages
“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.
In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others” to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.” In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.
The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy, stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.
Unfortunately, despite 2½ years in the making, “The Heart of the Matter” never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive,” or left-liberal propaganda.
Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.
The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.
39、39. The author implies in Paragraph 5 that professors are ________.
A、supportive of free markets
B、cautious about intellectual investigation
C、conservative about public policy
D、biased against classical liberal ideas
“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.
In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others” to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.” In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.
The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy, stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.
Unfortunately, despite 2½ years in the making, “The Heart of the Matter” never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive,” or left-liberal propaganda.
Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.
The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.
40、40. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A、Ways to Grasp “The Heart of the Matter”
B、Illiberal Education and “The Heart of the Matter”
C、The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal Education
D、Progressive Policy vs. Liberal Education
41、41. ________ → A →42. ________ → E →43. ________ → 44. ________ →45. ________
【A】 Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable—for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece; the pyramids of Giza in Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. But these sites are exceptions to the norm. Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident. Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911. Thousands of Aztec artifacts came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the 1970s.
参考答案：CFGDB
42、 Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music. (46)【 It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.】
Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention. (47) 【By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.】
This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics. (48) 【Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.】
Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society. (49)【 Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.】
Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word. (50) 【One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.】
参考答案：
46. 这也是为什么当我们试图用语言来描述音乐时，我们只能明确表达我们对于音乐的感受，而不能完全理解音乐本身。
47. 人们普遍认为，他（贝多芬）是个思想自由、充满勇气的人，我认为勇气这一品质，是理解他作品的关键，更不必说演奏他的作品了。
48. 贝多芬习惯最大限度来逐渐增高音量，然后突然跟上轻柔的乐段，在他之前，作曲家很少使用这种方式。
49. 尤为重要的是贝多芬对于自由的看法，他认为，自由是与个人的权利和责任联系起来的：他倡导思想自由和个人言论自由。
50. 我们可以这样解读贝多芬的大部分作品：苦难是不可避免的，但是与痛苦抗争的勇气才使得生命具有价值。
三、Section Ⅲ Writing
43、Part A
51. Directions:
Write a letter of about 100 words to the president of your university, suggesting how to improve students’ physical condition.
You should include the details you think necessary.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write the address. (10 points)
参考答案：
【参考范文】
Dear Mr. President,
I am an undergraduate of this university and writing to put forward some advice on how to improve students’ physical condition. My suggestions are as the following.
First of all, I suggest that we should make full use of the advantages of physical education classes on campus. Students should not only be aware of the importance of physical education, but also be encouraged to actively participate in the sports class. What’s more, we should attach importance to the role of extracurricular activities. For example, we can organize various ball games, such as football games, basketball games and so on. Last but not least, more sports facilities can be added around the dormitory buildings to stimulate students to take more physical exercise.
It is a great honor for me to share my suggestions with you. I would appreciate it if you would consider my suggestions.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
【参考译文】
亲爱的校长先生，
我是这所大学的一名本科生，我写这封信是为了就如何改善学生的身体状况提出一些建议。我的建议如下。
首先，我建议我们应充分利用校园体育课的优势。学生不仅应该意识到体育教育的重要性，而且应该被鼓励积极参与到体育课中去。更重要的是，我们应该重视课外活动的作用。例如，我们可以组织各类球类比赛，如足球比赛，篮球比赛等等。最后，我们可以在宿舍周围多增加一些运动设施，以激励学生进行更多的体育锻炼。
我很荣幸能和您分享我的建议。如果您能考虑我的建议，我将不胜感激。
谨致问候，
李明
44、
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) interpret its intended meaning, and
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)
参考答案：
【参考范文】
The picture on the left vividly describes a scene that thirty years ago, a young mother held her lovely daughter’s hand and walked happily along the road. The right half of the picture shows that, as time goes by, the daughter who has grown up supports her elderly mother with her hand and walks with smiles on both of their faces. What this picture wants to tell us is just like the words at the bottom of the picture: accompanying.
Parents and children should support each other. On the one hand, parents give us life and nurture us. It is precisely because of our parents’ unconditional dedication and love that we can experience a rich and colorful life. On the other hand, when parents are old, we should also assume our due responsibilities, which is to accompany and support parents. But many young people are unable to stay with their parents under the pressure of living and working. Fortunately, more and more people are making efforts in this regard, appealing to young people to go home to visit and accompany their parents.
In my opinion, first of all, we should be filial to our parents in return for their nurture. More importantly, the public should advocate filial piety and responsibility. Filial piety is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation, and we should carry on this virtue better.
【参考译文】
左边的图片生动形象地描述了一幅场景——三十年前，一位年轻的母亲牵着她可爱的女儿，在路上幸福地走着。图片的右半部分则是，随着时间的飞逝，已经长大成人的女孩搀扶着自己年迈的母亲，脸上洋溢着笑容。这幅图画想告诉我们的道理正如图画下方文字所说：相携。
父母和孩子之间应该相互扶持。一方面，父母给予了我们生命，养育了我们。正是因为有了父母对我们无条件的付出和爱，我们才可以体验丰富多彩的人生。另一方面，当父母老了，我们也应该承担我们应有的责任，就是陪伴父母、赡养父母。但现在许多年轻人迫于生活和工作的压力，根本无法陪在父母身边。幸运的是，现在越来越多的人都在为此而做出努力，呼吁年轻人要经常回家看望父母，陪伴他们。
在我看来，首先我们应该要孝顺父母，回报他们的养育之恩。更重要的是，公众应该更多地去宣传孝敬父母的意识和责任。孝顺是中华民族的传统美德，我们应该把这种美德更好地传承下去。
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