一、单选题
1、Chinese food quickly find ______ with western customer.
A favor
B flavor
C fever
D fancy
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：这道题考查名词辨析。句意为：中国菜谱很快得到了外国餐厅老板的青睐。find favor with=be supported by意为“得宠于人，被人接受”。A项，favor为支持，赞同，宠爱，帮忙；符合题意，故此题的正确选项为A。B项，flavor为味道，特色；不合题意，故排除。C项，fever为发烧；不合题意，故排除。D项，fancy为幻想、想象力。不合题意，故排除。因此，正确答案是A。
2、More and more Asian immigrants are happily to ______ with American people.
A oblige
B absorb
C assimilate
D stabilize
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：这句话的意思是“越来越多的亚洲移民乐于被美国人同化。”，所以正确选项应该是与“同化”相关的动词。A选项“oblige”意为“迫使，强制”，与句意不符；B选项“absorb”意为“吸收”，也不符合句意；D选项“stabilize”意为“使稳定，使安定”，与句意也不相符。因此，正确答案是C选项“assimilate”，意为“与……融为一体，同化”。所以，越来越多的亚洲移民乐于被美国人同化，选项C符合句意。
3、In the United States, a(n) ______ general is the chief lawyer in a government or city department.
A senator
B solicitor
C councilor
D inspector
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：本题考查名词辨析。根据句意“在美国，城市或政府部门的首席律师是……”可知，需要选择一个与“首席律师”相关的名词。选项A的“senator”意为参议员，与“首席律师”不符；选项C的“councilor”意为政务会委员或议员，也不符合句意；选项D的“inspector”意为检查员或督察长，也不符合句意。而选项B的“solicitor”意为法务官或律师，与“首席律师”相符。同时，选项中还有“general”一词，表示“副部长”，因此“solicitor general”意为“司法部副部长”，符合句意。因此，正确答案为B。
4、All the flights ______ because of the hurricane, they decided to take the train instead.
A had been canceled
B having canceled
C have been canceled
D having been canceled
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：本题考查非谓语动词。句子中间没有连词and连接，逗号后面是一个完整的句子，句子的主语是they，所以前半句不是一个完整的句子。而是一个独立主格结构，flight和cancel是被动关系，用过去分词表示被动，且航班取消发生在他们决定乘火车出行之前，用过去分词完成式表示动作已经发生，故用having been canceled。因此，正确答案为D。
5、Which of the following shows how the fraction “7/9” reads in English?
A seventh-nine
B seventh-nines
C seven-ninth
D seven-ninths
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：在英语中，分数的读法通常是分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于1时，分母序数词要用复数形式。因此，分数“7/9”的正确读法是“seven-ninths”，选项D是正确的。其他选项中的读法都不符合英语中分数的正确读法。
6、______ man can aspire to and achieve goodness is evident throughout history.
A What
B Whether
C That
D How
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：本题考查主语从句。句意为“人向往善良且实行之，这在历史上是屡见不鲜的”。题干中看到系动词is之前是主语，而主语是由一个从句引导的，所以该句是主语从句。在主语从句中，并不缺少任何成分，应用that引导，其在主语从句中只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，本身无实际意义，但是不能省略。故此题的正确选项为C。B选项，whether在主语从句中也不充当任何成分，但是表达“是否”的意思。A和D选项，在从句中做成分，因此排除。
7、The pair of English phonemes ______ differs in the manner of articulation.
A /k/ and /t/
B /d/ and /g/
C /s/ and /z/
D /t/ and /s/
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：本题考查辅音的发音方式。A项 /k/ 和 /t/ 都是塞音，发音时气流受到阻碍，然后突然释放，产生爆发音。B项 /d/ 和 /g/ 也是塞音，发音方式相同。C项 /s/ 和 /z/ 都是擦音，发音时气流通过狭窄的通道，产生摩擦音。D项 /t/ 是塞音，而 /s/ 是擦音，发音方式不同。因此，正确答案是D。
8、Which of the following shows the proper rhythmic pattern of the sentence?
A This is a ‘question for ‘Doctor ‘Carrington.
B This is ‘a ‘question for ‘Doctor Carrington.
C This is a ‘question ‘for Doctor ‘Carrington.
D This ‘is a ‘question for ‘Doctor ‘Carrington.
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：在判断句子正确的重读模式时，我们主要关注实词的重读。实词包括名词、动词、形容词、副词和数词等，而虚词如冠词、介词、连词和感叹词通常不重读。在给定的句子中，冠词"a"、介词"for"和be动词"is"都不应重读。因此，选项A中的"question"和"Doctor"被正确重读，符合句子的重读模式。选项B、C和D中要么重读了不应重读的词，要么没有正确重读"question"和"Doctor"，所以它们都不符合句子的重读模式。因此，正确答案为A。
9、The pair “_____” are dialectal synonyms in British and American English.
A tap and faucet
B stroll and trot
C liberty and freedom
D statesman and politician
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：这道题考察的是方言同义词的识别。根据语义学的知识，方言同义词指的是在不同方言或变体语言中，意思相同或相近的词汇。在这个题目中，我们需要找出在英式英语和美式英语中意思相同或相近的词汇。
A选项中的“tap”和“faucet”都是指水龙头，但在英式英语中更常用“tap”，而在美式英语中更常用“faucet”。因此，它们是方言同义词。
B选项中的“stroll”和“trot”分别表示“漫步”和“慢跑”，意思并不相同，因此不是方言同义词。
C选项中的“liberty”和“freedom”虽然都表示“自由”，但它们的语义并不完全相同，因此也不是方言同义词。
D选项中的“statesman”和“politician”都表示“政治家”，但它们的感情色彩和用法并不完全相同，因此也不是方言同义词。
因此，正确答案是A选项。
10、Which of the following might be Jane’s primary concern when she sincerely asks her friend “Does your farm contain 500 acres”?
A Quantity maxim
B Quality maxim
C Relation maxim
D Manner maxim
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：当Jane真诚地问她的朋友“你的农场有500公顷吗？”时，她最关心的是问题的答案是否与问题本身有关。因此，她首要关心的是关系准则，即说话要相关。所以正确选项为C。其他选项如数量准则、质量准则和方式准则虽然也是合作原则的重要组成部分，但在这种情况下，关系准则更符合Jane的初衷。
11、Which of the following sentence fails to describe the nature of vocabulary and vocabulary learning?
A Words are better learned in texts.
B A lexical item can be more than a word
C All words of a language can find equivalents in another.
D Learning a word includes learning its form meaning and use
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：
这道题目考察的是词汇及词汇学习的性质。对于给出的四个句子，我们需要找出哪一个句子没有正确描述词汇或词汇学习的性质。
A项“Words are better learned in texts”表示“最好在文本中学习单词”，这是正确的，因为单词在上下文中更容易被理解和记忆。
B项“A lexical item can be more than a word”表示“一个词条可以不仅仅是一个单词”，这也是正确的，因为词条可以包括单词、短语、习语等。
D项“Learning a word includes learning its form, meaning and use”表示“学习一个单词包括学习其形式、意义和用法”，这也是正确的，因为学习一个单词确实需要了解它的拼写、发音、意思以及如何使用。
而C项“All words of a language can find equivalents in another”表示“在一门语言中的所有单词在另一门语言中都有对应的词汇”，这是不正确的。虽然有些单词在不同的语言中可能有相似的意思，但并不是所有的单词都有一一对应的翻译。例如，一些外来词或专业术语可能在另一种语言中并没有直接的对应词汇。因此，C项没有正确描述词汇或词汇学习的性质。
所以，正确答案是C。
12、When a teacher creates a real life situation for his students to discuss, he excepts them not to focus on ______ too much.
A form
B use
C meaning
D function
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：这道题考查的是课堂活动。句意为“当一个老师为他的学生创造一个真实的生活情境进行讨论时，他不期望他们过多地关注形式”。在真实的语言情境中，学生应该更注重语言的意义、用法和功能，而不是仅仅关注语言的形式。因此，正确答案是A，即“form”（形式）。
13、The teacher should not interrupt a student for error correction if the lesson aims at the ______ of language.
A accuracy
B fluency
C complexity
D cohesion
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：本题考查的是语言教学与课堂纠错的知识点。根据题目中的句子“The teacher should not interrupt a student for error correction if the lesson aims at the ______ of language.”可知，如果课堂活动的目标是语言的某个方面，那么老师就不应该为了纠错而打断学生。从选项中我们可以看出，A项“accuracy”意为准确性，B项“fluency”意为流畅性，C项“complexity”意为复杂性，D项“cohesion”意为衔接。结合语境，流畅性是保证学生能够顺畅表达思想，不受老师纠错打断的关键。因此，正确答案为B。
14、When a teacher asks students to quickly run their eyes through a passage and grasp the main idea, he is training students’ ______ skills.
A scanning
B mapping
C predicting
D skimming
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：这个题目考查的是学生对阅读教学技巧的理解。当一位老师要求学生快速浏览一篇文章并把握主要意思时，他正在训练学生的略读技能。略读是一种通过快速阅读文章来获取大意的阅读技巧，与寻读、思维导图和预测不同。寻读是为了寻找特定的细节内容；思维导图是在了解文章基本内容之后，从阅读材料的主题出发，画出各部分之间的联系，从整体上理解文章的过程；预测则是借助文章的标题、逻辑关系等，对文章的主题、体裁、结构等进行预测，目的常常是激发学生的阅读兴趣。因此，正确答案是D，即“skimming”。
15、If a teacher apply the ______ model, he may start the teaching of a reading with the vocabulary and structure.
A parallel
B serial
C top-down
D bottom-up
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：这道题考查的是阅读教学模式。根据题目中的描述，教师在教授阅读时首先从新单词和句型结构开始，这符合自下而上的教学模式(bottom-up model)的特点，即从较小的语言单位开始教学，从词、句子逐渐解码，进而达到对整个段落、最后到整篇文章的理解。因此，正确答案是D。其他选项如A项的“平行的，相同的，类似的”、B项的“连续的；连载的；顺序排列的”和C项的“自上而下的教学模式”都不符合题意。
16、A low-level EFL student may learn by reading ______ materials.
A simple and authentic
B academic and authentic
C original and classical
D classical and authentic
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：本题考查阅读材料的选择。对于水平较低的英语学习者，应该选择简单且地道的语言材料，以便他们更容易理解和吸收。因此，选项A“simple and authentic”（简单且地道的）是最合适的答案。其他选项如B“academic and authentic”（学术且地道的）、C“original and classical”（原始且经典的）和D“classical and authentic”（经典且地道的）都不适合水平较低的英语学习者。因此，正确答案是A。
17、If a teacher asks students to arrange scrambled sentences in a logical way, she is training students’ ______.
A critical thinking
B proofreading skills
C reading skills
D textual coherence
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：在这个问题中，教师要求学生将打乱顺序的句子重新排列成符合逻辑的一段话。这种活动旨在训练学生的语言组织能力和上下文连贯性。选项A“批判思维”虽然是一个重要的能力，但在这个特定的任务中并不直接相关。选项B“校对技巧”主要涉及文本的错误检查，与这个任务也不完全吻合。选项C“阅读技能”虽然重要，但在这个特定的语境中，它更侧重于理解和解读已经写好的文本，而不是重新组织句子。因此，最符合语境的选项是D，“textual coherence”（文本连贯性），这个选项强调了句子之间的逻辑和连贯性，符合题目中的任务要求。
18、Which of the following is the typical feature of formal writing?
A Archaic words are preferred.
B Language precision is primary.
C Short and incomplete sentences are preferred.
D Intimate relationship with audience when published.
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：正式文体的写作要求语言精确，无歧义，因此选项B“语言精度是首要的”是正式文体写作的典型特征。选项A“偏好使用古体词”并不是正式文体的典型特征；选项C“偏好使用简短、不完整的句子”与正式文体的要求相反；选项D“跟读者建立亲密的关系”也与正式文体的风格不符。因此，正确答案是B。
19、Which of the following activities aims at training students’ skill of planning?
A Editing in groups
B Self-checking punctuation
C Finding ideas and put them in order
D Cross-checking language
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：本题考查写作教学活动。题目询问的是哪一项活动旨在培养学生的规划能力。根据常识和语境分析，选项C“将想法分类并按顺序排列”最符合题意。规划能力通常涉及到对信息的组织和安排，而“将想法分类并按顺序排列”恰好符合这一要求。其他选项如A“分小组修改他们的作文”、B“自己检查作文中的标点符号”和D“相互检查作文中的语言”虽然与写作有关，但并不直接涉及规划能力的培养。因此，正确答案是C。
20、In trying to get across a message, an EFL learner may use______ strategies to make up for the lack of grammar and vocabulary.
A communicative
B cognitive
C resourcing
D affective
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：本题考查英语学习策略。在努力将信息成功传达给别人时，英语学习者可以采用交际策略来弥补语法或词汇知识的不足。交际策略是指学生为了争取更多的交际机会、维持交际以及提高交际效果而采取的各种策略。当英语学习者由于缺乏必要的语法或词汇知识而不知道如何表达时，为了让别人明白自己的意思，可以借助手势或表情等非语言手段来克服语言障碍，从而维持交际。因此，正确选项为A，即“communicative（交际）”。其他选项的含义分别为：B认知（cognitive）、C资源（resourcing）、D情感（affective）。
Einstein is a mental Hercules, according to those who know his work. He has performed prodigious labors. By all the theories of physiognomy, he should be a granite-visaged Norse god of the Hindenburg type, instead of looking like a poet or musician. On theoretical grounds, he should have an iron will, instead of being pliant, docile, compromising. The explanation seems to be that Einstein, unlike most men of achievement, has never had to coerce or harden himself. His work was an exalted revel and his whole scientific life was a perpetual carnival, to judge from a speech of his at a dinner in Berlin in honor of the physicist, Max Planck. A preceding speaker had talked of the “agonizing toil” and “superhuman will” required of a great scientist. Einstein demurred. “This daily striving,” he said, “is dictated by no principle or program, but arises from immediate personal need. The emotional condition which renders possible such achievements is like that of the religious devotee or the lover.” On another occasion, Einstein described the impulse to grapple with his problems as “a demoniac possession,” needing no stimulation from conscious effort of the will. Einstein’s own theory about himself must be correct; nothing else could account for his irresistible energy in his own regions of thought and his lamblike helplessness in ordinary contacts. To catalogue a few of his lost wars of everyday life:
For a time he refused to play the violin for charity because of his modest estimate of his own ability, and because he thought it unfair to professionals; under pressure, however, he gave many recitals. He declined a deluxe cabin on a trip to America because of his scruples against luxury, but accepted when informed that he was hurting the feelings of the steamship line. On his trip to India, he refused to travel in a rickshaw because he thought it degrading to use a human being as a draught animal; he reconsidered, however, on the ground that rickshaw boys must live, and patronized them extensively. Hating fuss and feathers, he has been induced to make triumphal progresses on four continents. He has compared mass newspaper interviews to being bitten by wolves and to being hanged, but nevertheless he is frequently gang-interviewed.
This easy yielding to pressure would lead another man to cheapen himself, but Einstein is saved by his aesthetic sense and his unworldliness. He could not do anything sordid. He doesn’t want anything; there is nothing about the man for temptation to work on. When he received the Nobel Prize in 1921, he gave it to charity. When a magazine offered him an amazing sum for an article, he rejected it contemptuously. “What?” he exclaimed. “Do they think I am a prizefighter?” But he finally wrote the article after arguing the magazine into cutting the price in half. It is said that he declined his present post at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton on the ground that the salary was preposterously munificent, and was persuaded to accept only by the promise of an enormous pay cut. He objected to gifts, but his 1930 trip to this country netted him five violins and other valuable booty. His backbone stiffened, however, when an admirer sought to press on him a Guarnerius valued at $33,000; this he firmly refused, saying that he was not enough of a musician to do justice to the instrument. Probably no man has been more plagued than Einstein by offers of money for testimonials for toothpaste, pimple-eradicators, corn plasters, and cigarettes. He brushed all this aside as “corruption” and would have no compromise. Einstein regards money as something to give away; in 1927, he was aiding one hundred and fifty poor families in Berlin.
21、What has led to Einstein’s great achievements in science according to the passage?
A His strong belief in religion.
B His lifelong interest in science.
C His aesthetic sense and unworldliness.
D His superhuman will in science research.
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：在文章中，作者提到爱因斯坦的工作是一种“exalted revel”和“perpetual carnival”，这表明他对科学有浓厚的兴趣。文章还提到，爱因斯坦描述自己解决问题的冲动为“a demoniac possession”，这表明他对科学的热情是自发的，不需要意志的刻意努力。因此，爱因斯坦在科学上的伟大成就主要源于他对科学的终生兴趣，所以选项B“他的终生兴趣在科学”是正确的。文章中并没有提到爱因斯坦的宗教信仰、审美意识、超人的意志力与他在科学上的成就之间的关系，因此选项A、C、D都不正确。
22、What does the underlined phrase “his problems” in PARAGRAPH ONE refers to?
A His scientific pursuit
B His daily striving
C His superhuman will
D His irresistible energy
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：在原文第一段中，爱因斯坦描述他解决问题的冲动为“恶魔般的占有”，并且指出这种冲动不需要意志的自觉努力来刺激。因此，问题中提到的“his problems”指的是爱因斯坦日常科学研究中遇到的问题和挑战，即他的科学追求。因此，选项B“His daily striving”（他的日常奋斗）是最符合原文描述的。其他选项A、C、D与原文描述不符。
23、Which of the following best describes Einstein as a man yielding to pressure?
A He rejected luxury offers.
B He often cheapened himself.
C He usually fell into a dilemma.
D He didn’t accept expensive gifts.
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：在文章中，描述了爱因斯坦在面对各种压力时的情况。他拒绝演奏小提琴，因为他不愿意不公平地利用专业人士；他拒绝了豪华客舱，因为他不愿意奢华；他拒绝乘坐人力车，因为他不愿意被当作劳动力使用。然而，当有人劝说他乘坐人力车时，他改变了主意，因为他认为人力车夫需要生活。这表明爱因斯坦在面对压力时，经常陷入困境，不知道该如何抉择。因此，选项C“他经常陷入困境”最能描述爱因斯坦在面对压力时的态度。
24、Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined phrase “fuss and feathers” in PARAGRAPH TWO?
A erratic action
B boring routines
C nervous behavior
D pretentious display
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：在原文第二段中，作者提到爱因斯坦讨厌“fuss and feathers”，即“矫揉造作和浮华”。根据选项，A选项“erratic action”意为“不可预测的行动”，B选项“boring routines”意为“令人厌烦的例行公事”，C选项“nervous behavior”意为“紧张的行为”，D选项“pretentious display”意为“矫揉造作的表现”。根据上下文，D选项最符合作者描述的“fuss and feathers”，即“浮华”的含义，因此答案为D。
25、Why did Einstein refuse to accept a Guarnerius?
A He considered it too expensive.
B He hated all kind of corruption.
C He didn’t think he was a musician.
D He felt he couldn’t make the best of it.
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：在文中提到，爱因斯坦拒绝接受一把价值33000美元的瓜纳里（Guarnerius）小提琴，因为他认为自己不是一位音乐家，无法为这把乐器做最好的利用。因此，他坚定地拒绝了这把小提琴，说明他认为自己并不是一位足够优秀的音乐家，无法做到公正地对待这把乐器。所以正确答案是C，即“他认为自己不是一位音乐家”。
IF YOU want something done, the saying goes, give it to a busy person. It is an odd guarantor of hitting deadlines. But a paper recently published in the Journal of Consumer Research suggests it may, in fact, be true—as long as the busy person conceptualises the deadline in the right way.
Yanping Tu of the University of Chicago and Dilip Soman of the University of Toronto examined how individuals go about both thinking about and completing tasks. Previous studies have shown that such activity progresses through four distinct phases: pre-decision, post-decision (but pre-action), action and review. It is thought that what motivates the shift from the decision-making stages to the doing-something stage is a change in mindset.
Human beings are a deliberative sort, weighing the pros and cons of future actions and remaining open to other ideas and influences. However, once a decision is taken, the mind becomes more “implemental” and focuses on the task at hand. “The mindset towards ‘where can I get a sandwich,’” explains Ms Tu, “is more implemental than the mindset towards ‘should I get a sandwich or not?’”
Ms Tu and Dr Soman advise in their paper that “the key step in getting things done is to get started.” But what drives that? They believe the key that unlocks the implemental mode lies in how people categorise time. They suggest that tasks are more likely to be viewed with an implemental mindset if an imposed deadline is cognitively linked to “now”—a so-called like-the-present scenario. That might be a future date within the same month or calendar year, or pegged to an event with a familiar spot in the mind’s timeline (given a task at Christmas, say, with a deadline of Easter). Conversely, they suggest, a deadline placed outside such mental constructs (“unlike-the-present”) exists merely as a circle on a calendar, and as such is more likely to be considered deliberatively and then ignored until the last minute.
To flesh out this idea, the pair carried out five sets of tests, with volunteers ranging from farmers in India to undergraduate students in Toronto. In one test, the farmers were offered a financial incentive to open a bank account and make a deposit within six months. The researchers predicted those approached in June would consider a deadline before December 31st as like-the-present. Those approached in July, by contrast, received a deadline into the next year, and were expected to think of their deadline as unlike-the-present. The distinction worked. Those with a deadline in the same year were nearly four times as likely to open the account immediately as those for whom the deadline lay in the following year. Arbitrary though calendars may be in parsing up the continuous flow of time, humans parse their concept of time in line with them.
The effect can manifest in even subtler ways. In another set of experiments, undergraduate students were given a calendar on a Wednesday and asked to suggest an appropriate day to carry out certain tasks before the following Sunday. The trick was that some were given a calendar with all of the weekdays coloured purple, with weekends in beige (making a visual distinction between a Wednesday and the following Sunday). Others were given a calendar in which every other week, Monday to Sunday, was a solid colour (meaning that a Wednesday and the following Sunday were thus the same colour). Even this minor visual cue affected how like- or unlike-the-present the respondents tended to view task priorities.
These and other bits of framing and trickery in the research support the same thesis: that making people link a future event to today triggers an implemental response, regardless of how far in the future the deadline actually lies. If the journey of 1,000 miles starts with a single step, the authors might suggest that you take that step before this time next week.
26、Why can a busy person hit deadline to the present according to the passage?
A He cherishes time more.
B He is good at making decisions.
C He is used to doing things immediately.
D He tends to link a future deadline to the present.
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：根据文章中的描述，忙碌的人能够按时完成任务是因为他们倾向于将未来的截止日期与现在联系起来，从而触发实施反应。文章提到，如果人们将截止日期认知地与“现在”联系起来，即“like-the-present”情景，那么他们更可能以实施的心态看待任务，从而更有可能立即开始行动。因此，选项D“他倾向于将未来截止日期与现在联系起来”是正确答案。
27、Which is the closest to the meaning of the underlined phrase “phrase out” in PARAGRAPH FIVE refer to?
A Put forward
B Dream up
C Add details to
D Come up with
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：在原文第五段中，“flesh out”所在的句子提到“To flesh out this idea, the pair carried out five sets of tests...”，其中“flesh out”的意思是“充实、丰富”，即为了丰富这个观点，这对研究者进行了五组测试。选项C“Add details to”意为“增添细节”，与原文意思相符。因此，正确答案为C。
28、What is the underlined “them” in PARAGRAPH FIVE refers to?
A Mindsets
B Calendars
C Deadlines
D Decisions
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：在第五段中，“them”指的是“calendars”，即日历。该段提到人类会根据日历来解析时间概念，因此“them”指的是日历。因此，正确答案是B。
29、What is the author’s primary purpose in writing this passage?
A Illustrating the key point in meeting a deadline.
B Contrasting Yanping Tu’s experiment with Dilip Somans.
C Manifesting how visual cues affect people’s perception of deadline.
D Comparing a like-the-present deadline with an unlike-the-present one.
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：本文主要是阐述关于如何达成一个任务或目标的关键点，即让忙碌的人将任务与“现在”联系起来，从而触发实施反应。文章首先提出一个观点，即“如果你想要完成某项任务，就把这个任务交给一个忙碌的人”，接着通过一系列实验和研究来支持这一观点，指出忙碌的人更可能将任务与“现在”联系起来，从而更有可能立即开始行动。因此，作者的主要目的是阐述达成任务或目标的关键点，即让忙碌的人将任务与“现在”联系起来，从而触发实施反应。所以，正确答案是A，即“阐述达成任务或目标的关键点”。
30、Which best describes the author’s tone?
A humanistic
B objective
C speculative
D recriminatory
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】：根据文章的内容，作者并没有表达强烈的情感或态度，而是客观地描述了实验的结果和结论。文章中没有出现指责或批评的言辞，也没有表现出过于乐观或悲观的情绪。因此，最符合作者态度的描述是“objective”（客观的）。
二、简答题
31、简要说明“多样化（variety）原则”在教学设计和课堂教学中的体现（10分），并简述实施多样化教学需要考虑的因素（10分）
参考答案：
本题考查的是教学设计中的多样化原则以及实施多样化的因素，老师只有遵循多样化原则才能全方位地调动学生学习的积极性，体现在课堂活动、教学组织形式、感官和产出上。
解析：【喵呜刷题小喵解析】
本题主要考查了“多样化（variety）原则”在教学设计和课堂教学中的体现，以及实施多样化教学需要考虑的因素。
首先，多样化原则在教学设计中的体现主要包括课堂活动多样化、教学组织形式多样化和教学方法多样化。这些多样化的方式能够激发学生的学习兴趣和主动性，适应不同学生的学习需求和能力水平，使教学内容更加丰富和生动。
其次，在课堂教学中，多样化原则同样重要。教师应根据学生的特点和学习风格，采用多样化的教学方式和评价方法，以全面了解学生的学习情况。
最后，实施多样化教学需要考虑的因素主要包括教学目标、教学内容、学生特点、教师能力和教学条件等。这些因素对于实施多样化教学至关重要，只有综合考虑这些因素，才能确保多样化教学的有效实施。
下面是某高三学生的一篇书面表达。
请结合生活中的一个事例，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈微笑的作用。
32、根据以上所给信息，从下列三个方面作答：
该学生的书面表达存在哪三个主要问题？（12分）
参考答案：
本题考查写作教学。
解析：【喵呜刷题小u解析】
该学生的书面表达主要存在三个问题。首先，语言不够地道，表达方式不够自然。在书面表达中，学生应该使用地道的英语表达方式，避免使用过于生硬或不符合英语表达习惯的语言。同时，学生在写作时应该注意使用适当的词汇和语法结构，以确保文章的准确性和流畅性。
其次，缺乏具体的事例支撑观点。学生在文章中提出了微笑的作用，但是并没有给出具体的事例来支持这一观点。一个好的书面表达应该结合具体的事例来阐述观点，使文章更具有说服力。
最后，结构不够清晰，缺乏明确的段落划分。学生在写作时应该注意文章的结构，将文章分成几个段落，每个段落阐述一个观点或事例。这样可以使文章更加清晰、有条理，便于读者理解。
因此，针对这三个问题，学生需要在写作时加强语言练习，提高英语表达能力；同时，注意结合具体的事例来阐述观点；最后，要注意文章的结构，将文章分成几个段落，使文章更加清晰、有条理。
33、反映了该生英语学习中的哪些不足？（12分）
参考答案：
本题结合实际教学，考查老师能否根据学生的作文来判断学生的不足之处。
解析：【喵呜刷题小u解析】
该生的书面表达存在以下不足：
1. 未结合具体事例：在描述微笑的作用时，该生没有结合生活中的具体事例进行说明，使得文章显得空洞无物，缺乏说服力。
2. 语言表达不够流畅：文章中的句子结构不够清晰，有些句子存在语法错误，使得文章读起来不够流畅。
3. 词汇使用不够准确：该生在描述微笑的作用时，使用的词汇不够准确，有些词汇与微笑的作用不太匹配，影响了文章的表达效果。
针对以上不足，建议该生在今后的英语学习中，注重积累词汇和语法知识，提高语言表达的准确性和流畅性。同时，要多阅读英文文章，了解英语表达习惯，提高英语写作能力。在写作时，要结合具体事例进行说明，使文章更加生动有力。
34、教师应从哪些方面帮助学生提高写作能力？（6分）
参考答案：
本题考查的是写作技能教学，材料给出的是学生写的一篇文章，结合这篇文章分析学生的问题、并且结合理论和实践给学生提出帮助提升写作技能的意见。
解析：【喵呜刷题小u解析】
本题的考查点在于教师如何帮助学生提高写作能力。在解答此题时，我们可以从以下几个方面进行分析：
首先，学生需要积累素材，而生活中的事例是最好的素材来源。因此，教师可以引导学生关注生活中的细节，积累生活中的事例，为写作提供丰富的素材。
其次，学生需要掌握一定的写作技巧，才能更好地表达自己的思想。教师可以教授学生一些写作技巧，如如何构思文章结构、如何运用修辞手法等，帮助学生提高表达能力，使文章更加生动有趣。
最后，学生需要多读多写，提高写作频率，才能更好地提高自己的写作能力。教师可以鼓励学生多读优秀的文章，学习其中的写作技巧和表达方式。同时，教师也可以布置写作任务，让学生多写，提高写作频率，从而提高学生的写作能力。
综上所述，教师应从引导学生观察生活、积累素材、教授写作技巧、鼓励学生多读多写等方面帮助学生提高写作能力。这些方面都是提高写作能力的重要方面，教师可以从这些方面入手，帮助学生提高写作能力。
语言素材：
In some countries in western Europe, such as France, Spain and Britain, the countryside is changing.
Life has become difficult for many villages, and some disappearing. There are a number of reasons for this. Firstly, young people from villages usually want to live somewhere livelier and they often move to the towns and do not return. Secondly, people move to the cities to find work, as there are often very few jobs in the countryside. Sometimes villages remain because people from the cities have bought a “second home” in the village, where they come and stay at weekends. The prices of houses go up and people from the area cannot afford to buy a house there. Another problems is that it is becoming more and more difficult for farmers to make money from the farms. So they sell their land and find another job.
All these things mean that many villages in western Europe are fighting to survive. We can only hope that they will remain. The countryside would be a sadder and uglier place without them.
35、设计任务：根据下面的学生信息和语言素材，设计20min的英语读写方案。
该方案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：
teaching objectives
teaching contents
key and difficult points
major steps and time allocation
activities and justification
教学时间：20分钟
学生概况：某城镇普通高中一年级（一学期）学生，班级人数为40人，多数已达到《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》五级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。
参考答案：
本题考查教学设计，结合高中的一篇讲解西欧乡村变化的文章，设计20分钟的读写方案。
解析：【喵呜刷题小u解析】
该方案设计基于学生概况和文章主题，旨在通过20分钟的时间，完成从阅读、理解、分析到表达的完整教学过程。方案首先明确了教学目标，即学生能够理解文章中的关键信息、分析文章结构和观点，并能够发表自己的观点。教学内容围绕文章主题展开，包括西欧乡村变化的现象、原因和影响。教学重点和难点明确，有助于教师把握教学方向。
在教学步骤与时间分配上，方案设计了导入、阅读文章、小组讨论、分享与讨论和写作任务五个环节。每个环节都有明确的任务和时间分配，确保教学过程的紧凑和高效。
在活动与理由部分，方案设计了小组讨论、全班讨论和写作任务三个活动。这些活动旨在通过不同的方式帮助学生理解文章、发表观点，并整合所学知识。通过小组讨论，学生可以相互交流和思考；全班讨论可以扩大学生的视野，听取不同的观点；写作任务则是对学生理解程度的一种检验。
整体而言，该方案设计合理，符合教学实际，能够有效帮助学生理解文章主题，发表自己的观点，提高英语读写能力。
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