一、Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1、Question 1 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、Enrol him in a Newcastle football club.
B、Send him to an after-school art class.
C、Forbid him to draw in his workbook.
D、Help him post his drawings online.
解析：
听力原文
And finally, in tonight’s news, a nine-year-old boy named Joe, told not to draw in class, lands a job decorating a restaurant with his drawings. Rather than shutting down the habit of drawing in his school’s workbook, (1) [Joe’s parents decided to encourage his creativity by sending their son to an after-school art class.] His teacher recognized Joe’s talent and posted all his work online which led to something pretty wonderful. (2) [A restaurant named Number 4 in Newcastle contacted Joe’s teacher to ask if the nine-year-old could come and decorate its dining room with his drawings.] Every day after school, Joe’s dad drives him to the restaurant so he can put his ideas straight on the wall. Once he’s all done, the work will remain there permanently. Joe’s dad said, “Joe is a really talented little boy. He’s excellent at school. He’s great at football, but drawing is definitely what he is most passionate about.”
1. What did Joe’s parents decide to do? （乔的父母决定做什么？）
解析：B。录音开头提到，乔的父母决定送儿子去上课外美术班，以此来鼓励他发展自己的创造力。B项与此表述一致，其中的an after-school art class为原词复现，故为正确答案。
错项排除：A项利用录音后半部分出现的Newcastle和football设置干扰，但这些与乔父母的决定无关，属于细节拼凑，故错误。C项利用录音中的shutting down...drawing in his school’s workbook设置干扰，但录音里的Rather than表示乔的父母并没有这样做，C项与录音内容相悖，故错误。将乔的画作发到网上的是他的老师，而不是他的父母，故D项错误。
2、Question 2 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、Contacted Joe to decorate its dining-room.
B、Hired Joe to paint all the walls of its buildings.
C、Renovated its kitchen and all the dining-rooms.
D、Asked Joe for permission to use his online drawings.
解析：
听力原文
And finally, in tonight’s news, a nine-year-old boy named Joe, told not to draw in class, lands a job decorating a restaurant with his drawings. Rather than shutting down the habit of drawing in his school’s workbook, (1) [Joe’s parents decided to encourage his creativity by sending their son to an after-school art class.] His teacher recognized Joe’s talent and posted all his work online which led to something pretty wonderful. (2) [A restaurant named Number 4 in Newcastle contacted Joe’s teacher to ask if the nine-year-old could come and decorate its dining room with his drawings.] Every day after school, Joe’s dad drives him to the restaurant so he can put his ideas straight on the wall. Once he’s all done, the work will remain there permanently. Joe’s dad said, “Joe is a really talented little boy. He’s excellent at school. He’s great at football, but drawing is definitely what he is most passionate about.”
2. What did the restaurant No. 4 do? （“第四号”餐馆做了什么？）
解析：A。录音中间部分提到，“第四号”餐馆联系了乔的老师，询问这位9岁的孩子是否可以过来用他的画装饰餐厅。A项与此表述相符，其中contacted和decorate its dining-room为原词复现，故为正确答案。
错项排除：B项利用录音中出现的put his ideas straight on the wall（将他的想法都画在墙上）设置干扰，C项利用录音中的dining room设置干扰，但乔的工作是在墙上作画，而不是粉刷所有墙壁或装修厨房和餐厅，故排除B项和C项。D项利用录音中的online和drawings进行细节拼凑，“第四号”餐馆没有请求过使用乔在网上的绘画，故排除D项。
3、Question 3 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、 Get her pet dog back.
B、Beg for help from the police.
C、Identify the suspect on the security video.
D、Post pictures of her pet dog on social media.
解析：
听力原文
(3) [Christine Marshall, a thirty-four-year old mum of one posted a tearful video on social media Wednesday, begging for the safe return of her beloved pet dog.] After combing through the security video outside a Gorbals shop, Christine has now posted an image of a man suspected of stealing the dog. The image appears to show a man carrying the dog in his arms. Christine also believes the video, obtained from the shop, shows the dog being stolen by a man before driving off in a car which had been waiting nearby. (4) [The family is now offering a 5,000-pound reward for the safe return of the dog] after launching a social media campaign to find the thief. The dog is six and a half years old and was last seen wearing a red collar. Christine said, “(4) [We’ll pay that to anyone who brings him home,] as long as they are not responsible for his disappearance.” Police are investigating the incident.
3. What is Christine Marshall trying to do? （克莉丝汀·马歇尔想要做什么？）
解析：A。录音开头提到，克莉丝汀·马歇尔本周三在社交媒体上发布了一条视频，祈求她心爱的宠物狗能够平安归来。A项中的pet dog为原词复现，Get...back对应录音中的the...return，A项与录音内容相符，故为正确答案。
错项排除：B项利用录音中的begging for和录音结尾的Police设置干扰，但录音中说的是克莉丝汀祈求她的宠物狗平安回来，以及警方正在调查这起事件，因此克莉丝汀并不是想要向警方求助，故排除B项。C项利用录音中的suspected和security video设置干扰，D项利用posted an image、pet dog和social media设置干扰，但录音中说的是克莉丝汀发布了一张嫌疑人的照片而不是宠物狗的照片，而且她并没有认出嫌疑人，故排除C项和D项。
4、Question 4 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、It is suffering a great deal from the incident.
B、It is helping the police with the investigation.
C、It is bringing the case to the local district court.
D、It is offering a big reward to anyone who helps.
解析：
听力原文
(3) [Christine Marshall, a thirty-four-year old mum of one posted a tearful video on social media Wednesday, begging for the safe return of her beloved pet dog.] After combing through the security video outside a Gorbals shop, Christine has now posted an image of a man suspected of stealing the dog. The image appears to show a man carrying the dog in his arms. Christine also believes the video, obtained from the shop, shows the dog being stolen by a man before driving off in a car which had been waiting nearby. (4) [The family is now offering a 5,000-pound reward for the safe return of the dog] after launching a social media campaign to find the thief. The dog is six and a half years old and was last seen wearing a red collar. Christine said, “(4) [We’ll pay that to anyone who brings him home,] as long as they are not responsible for his disappearance.” Police are investigating the incident.
4. What does the news report say about Christine Marshall’s family? （关于克莉丝汀·马歇尔家，新闻里说了什么？）
解析：D。录音后半部分提到，克莉丝汀·马歇尔家愿意以5000英镑作为酬金，来换得宠物狗平安归来。之后还提到克莉丝汀说，谁将宠物狗送回来，谁就可以得到酬金。D项与此内容相符，a big reward对应录音中的a 5,000-pound reward，anyone who helps对应anyone who brings him home，故D项为正确答案。
错项排除：录音中只说到克莉丝汀发布了一条催人泪下的视频，并未提到她们家正在遭受着巨大的痛苦，也没有提到与当地地方法院相关的信息，故排除A项和C项。B项利用录音结尾的Police are investigating the incident设置干扰，但录音中未提到克莉丝汀家正在协助警方调查，故排除B项。
5、Question 5 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、Provide free meals to the local poor.
B、Help people connect with each other.
C、Help eliminate class difference in his area.
D、Provide customers with first-class service.
解析：
听力原文
London’s Eggs and Bread Café offers boiled eggs, toast, jam and bacon as well as tea, coffee and orange juice, but at the end of the meal, customers don’t have to worry about the bill. Hungry customers can pay whatever amount they can afford to eat at the café, or nothing at all. Owner Guy Wilson says his café aims to build community rather than profits. (5) [He wants to provide a bridge for people to connect in an area that has been divided by class and wealth, by providing affordable breakfast.] The café is open in the mornings every day of the year and has two members of staff or supervisors on shift every day. (6) [The café doesn’t use volunteers,] but pays its staff to ensure consistency in its service. It doesn’t take donations and doesn’t want to be seen as a charity. (7) [Mr. Wilson says, “ When people start to know other people around them, they realise they’re not that different. And whatever their financial background or their educational background, most people will have something in common with each other.”] He says it’s important that his café can offer his customers security and permanence.
5. What does Guy Wilson say his café aims to do?（盖伊·威尔逊说他开咖啡馆是为了什么？）
解析：B。录音前半部分提到，盖伊·威尔逊说，他希望他的咖啡馆能搭建起一座桥梁，帮助人们在这个以阶级和财富划分人的地方建立联系。B项与此内容相符，其中的connect with each other对应录音中的provide a bridge for people to connect，故B项为正确答案。
错项排除：录音中只提到威尔逊开的咖啡馆给人们提供了能买得起的早餐，想以此帮助被阶级和财富差异划分开的人们建立联系，并没有说是只提供给穷人，也没有说要消除阶级差异，故排除A项和C项。录音中只提到这家咖啡馆雇用店员来确保服务的连贯性，并未提到要提供一流的服务，故排除D项。
6、Question 6 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、It does not supervise its employees.
B、It donates regularly to a local charity.
C、It does not use volunteers.
D、It is open round the clock.
解析：
听力原文
London’s Eggs and Bread Café offers boiled eggs, toast, jam and bacon as well as tea, coffee and orange juice, but at the end of the meal, customers don’t have to worry about the bill. Hungry customers can pay whatever amount they can afford to eat at the café, or nothing at all. Owner Guy Wilson says his café aims to build community rather than profits. (5) [He wants to provide a bridge for people to connect in an area that has been divided by class and wealth, by providing affordable breakfast.] The café is open in the mornings every day of the year and has two members of staff or supervisors on shift every day. (6) [The café doesn’t use volunteers,] but pays its staff to ensure consistency in its service. It doesn’t take donations and doesn’t want to be seen as a charity. (7) [Mr. Wilson says, “ When people start to know other people around them, they realise they’re not that different. And whatever their financial background or their educational background, most people will have something in common with each other.”] He says it’s important that his café can offer his customers security and permanence.
6. What does the news report say about Eggs and Bread Café?（关于“鸡蛋面包咖啡馆”，新闻里说了什么？）
解析：C。录音中间部分提到，这家咖啡馆不用志愿者（doesn’t use volunteers），C项与此内容一致，故为正确答案。
错项排除：录音中提到每天有两名员工或监管人员（supervisors）轮班，并不是说这家咖啡馆监督（supervise）员工，故排除A项。B项利用录音中的donations和charity设置干扰，但录音中说的是这家咖啡馆不接受捐赠，也不想被视为慈善机构，并没有说它是否对外捐赠，故B项错误。录音中提到，这家咖啡馆每天早上营业，并没有说24小时营业，故D项错误。
7、Question 7 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、They will realise the importance of communication.
B、They will come to the café even more frequently.
C、They will care less about their own background.
D、They will find they have something in common.
解析：
听力原文
London’s Eggs and Bread Café offers boiled eggs, toast, jam and bacon as well as tea, coffee and orange juice, but at the end of the meal, customers don’t have to worry about the bill. Hungry customers can pay whatever amount they can afford to eat at the café, or nothing at all. Owner Guy Wilson says his café aims to build community rather than profits. (5) [He wants to provide a bridge for people to connect in an area that has been divided by class and wealth, by providing affordable breakfast.] The café is open in the mornings every day of the year and has two members of staff or supervisors on shift every day. (6) [The café doesn’t use volunteers,] but pays its staff to ensure consistency in its service. It doesn’t take donations and doesn’t want to be seen as a charity. (7) [Mr. Wilson says, “ When people start to know other people around them, they realise they’re not that different. And whatever their financial background or their educational background, most people will have something in common with each other.”] He says it’s important that his café can offer his customers security and permanence.
7. What happens when people start to know each other, according to Guy Wilson?（盖伊·威尔逊说，当人们开始互相了解时会发生什么？）
解析：D。录音后半部分提到，威尔逊说当人们开始了解身边的人时，会意识到他们之间并没有那么大的不同。无论经济背景或教育背景如何，大多数人都会有一些共同点。D项与此内容相符，其中的They will find是对录音中they realise的同义替换，have something in common为原词复现，故D项为正确答案。
错项排除：A项利用录音中的realise设置干扰，但录音中没有提到人们在互相了解时会意识到沟通的重要性，故排除。B项的信息在录音中未提及，故排除。C项利用录音中出现的background设置干扰，但录音中只是说人们哪怕背景不同，却仍然可以找到共同点，并没有说人们对于自己的背景是否在意，故排除C项。
8、Question 8 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、A surprise party for Paul’s birthday.
B、Travel plans for the coming weekend.
C、Preparations for Saturday’s get-together.
D、The new market on the other side of town.
解析：
听力原文
M: (8) [So what time do you think we should have the party on Saturday?]
W: How about inviting people to come at 6 pm? Then we’ll have the afternoon to prepare food and drink and stuff like that.
M: Yes, I was thinking that around 6 would be good, too. What food should we provide?
W: Well, I had thought about baking a cake and some biscuits. And now, I think we should prepare some sandwiches and snacks and some other kinds of food, so that (9) [people can just help themselves, rather than getting everyone to sit down at the table to eat a meal. I think that’s a bit too formal. It’s better to let people walk around and talk to each other, or sit where they like.]
M: Yes, that sounds good. I’ll go to the supermarket to get some drinks. I think I might try that big new supermarket on the other side of town and see what they have. I’ve not been there before. I think we should get some beer and wine, and some fruit juice, and other soft drinks. What do you think?
W: Sounds great. I think those drinks would be enough. (10) [And I heard that the new supermarket offers some big discounts to attract customers,] so going there should be a great idea. What should we do about music?
M: (11) [Maybe we should ask Paul to bring his computer and speakers so that we can play some music.] He has a great collection of different stuff!
W: Yes, all right.
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? （讲话者主要谈论的是什么？）
解析：C。在录音一开头男士就提到了周六的派对，并且整篇对话都是围绕如何筹备这场派对展开，故C项为正确答案，其中的get-together是对录音中party的同义替换。
错项排除：录音中虽然提到了party和Paul，但这并不是保罗的生日派对，男士和女士想要邀请保罗在派对中播放音乐，故A项错误。录音中未提到旅行计划，故排除B项。D项利用录音中的new supermarket on the other side of town设置干扰，但这只是片段信息，而不是对话讨论的主题，D项以偏概全，故错误。
9、Question 9 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、It makes the hostess’s job a whole lot easier.
B、It enables guests to walk around and chat freely.
C、It saves considerable time and labor.
D、It requires fewer tables and chairs.
解析：
听力原文
M: (8) [So what time do you think we should have the party on Saturday?]
W: How about inviting people to come at 6 pm? Then we’ll have the afternoon to prepare food and drink and stuff like that.
M: Yes, I was thinking that around 6 would be good, too. What food should we provide?
W: Well, I had thought about baking a cake and some biscuits. And now, I think we should prepare some sandwiches and snacks and some other kinds of food, so that (9) [people can just help themselves, rather than getting everyone to sit down at the table to eat a meal. I think that’s a bit too formal. It’s better to let people walk around and talk to each other, or sit where they like.]
M: Yes, that sounds good. I’ll go to the supermarket to get some drinks. I think I might try that big new supermarket on the other side of town and see what they have. I’ve not been there before. I think we should get some beer and wine, and some fruit juice, and other soft drinks. What do you think?
W: Sounds great. I think those drinks would be enough. (10) [And I heard that the new supermarket offers some big discounts to attract customers,] so going there should be a great idea. What should we do about music?
M: (11) [Maybe we should ask Paul to bring his computer and speakers so that we can play some music.] He has a great collection of different stuff!
W: Yes, all right.
9. Why does the woman say it is a good idea to serve foods that guests can help themselves to? （为什么女士说提供客人们能自取的食物是个好主意？）
解析：B。在录音中间部分女士提到，桌餐有些过于正式，如果让客人可以自取食物，他们就可以四处走动，互相交谈。B项与此内容相符，其中的walk around为原词复现，chat freely对应录音中的talk to each other，故B项为正确答案。
错项排除：A项和C项在录音中没有依据，故均排除。录音中虽然提到了table和sit，但这里只是就桌餐和自助餐进行了对比，并没有提到桌椅的数量多少，故排除D项。
10、Question 10 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、It offers some big discounts.
B、It is quite close to her house.
C、It is more spacious and less crowded.
D、It sells local wines and soft drinks.
解析：
听力原文
M: (8) [So what time do you think we should have the party on Saturday?]
W: How about inviting people to come at 6 pm? Then we’ll have the afternoon to prepare food and drink and stuff like that.
M: Yes, I was thinking that around 6 would be good, too. What food should we provide?
W: Well, I had thought about baking a cake and some biscuits. And now, I think we should prepare some sandwiches and snacks and some other kinds of food, so that (9) [people can just help themselves, rather than getting everyone to sit down at the table to eat a meal. I think that’s a bit too formal. It’s better to let people walk around and talk to each other, or sit where they like.]
M: Yes, that sounds good. I’ll go to the supermarket to get some drinks. I think I might try that big new supermarket on the other side of town and see what they have. I’ve not been there before. I think we should get some beer and wine, and some fruit juice, and other soft drinks. What do you think?
W: Sounds great. I think those drinks would be enough. (10) [And I heard that the new supermarket offers some big discounts to attract customers,] so going there should be a great idea. What should we do about music?
M: (11) [Maybe we should ask Paul to bring his computer and speakers so that we can play some music.] He has a great collection of different stuff!
W: Yes, all right.
10. What does the woman say about the new supermarket?（女士如何评价新开的超市？）
解析：A。在录音后半部分男士提议去新开的超市逛逛，女士回应道，听说那家新超市会给出一些大的折扣来吸引顾客，A项中的offers some big discounts为原词复现，符合题意，故为正确答案。
错项排除：B项和C项在录音中无依据，故均排除。录音中是男士提议去超市买葡萄酒和软饮料，女士并未提到这个话题，D项不符合题意，故排除。
11、Question 11 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Cook a dish for the party.
B、Arrive 10 minutes earlier.
C、Prepare a few opening remarks.
D、Bring his computer and speakers.
解析：
听力原文
M: (8) [So what time do you think we should have the party on Saturday?]
W: How about inviting people to come at 6 pm? Then we’ll have the afternoon to prepare food and drink and stuff like that.
M: Yes, I was thinking that around 6 would be good, too. What food should we provide?
W: Well, I had thought about baking a cake and some biscuits. And now, I think we should prepare some sandwiches and snacks and some other kinds of food, so that (9) [people can just help themselves, rather than getting everyone to sit down at the table to eat a meal. I think that’s a bit too formal. It’s better to let people walk around and talk to each other, or sit where they like.]
M: Yes, that sounds good. I’ll go to the supermarket to get some drinks. I think I might try that big new supermarket on the other side of town and see what they have. I’ve not been there before. I think we should get some beer and wine, and some fruit juice, and other soft drinks. What do you think?
W: Sounds great. I think those drinks would be enough. (10) [And I heard that the new supermarket offers some big discounts to attract customers,] so going there should be a great idea. What should we do about music?
M: (11) [Maybe we should ask Paul to bring his computer and speakers so that we can play some music.] He has a great collection of different stuff!
W: Yes, all right.
11. What does the man suggest they ask Paul to do? （男士提议让保罗做什么？）
解析：D。在录音结尾部分男士提到，应该让保罗带上他的电脑和扬声器来放音乐。D项内容全部为原词复现，符合题意，故为正确答案。
错项排除：女士只是在录音开头提到过与准备食物相关的内容，而男士并没有提议让保罗做菜，故排除A项。B项在录音中没有依据，故排除。C项利用录音中出现的speakers进行干扰，但录音中是说让保罗带电脑和扬声器来放音乐，而不是让他作为演讲者来发言，C项语义理解错误，故排除。
12、Question 12 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、For commuting to work.
B、For long-distance travel.
C、For getting around in Miami.
D、For convenience at weekends.
解析：
听力原文
W: I’m thinking of buying a car. (12) [I wouldn’t need to use it every day, but I think it would be very convenient to have one for the weekends.]
M: That’s exciting. Would this be your first car?
W: No, I actually owned a car for a little while when I lived in Miami. You see, in America, many cities don’t have good public transport, so most people need their own car to get around.
M: I see. So have you got your mind set on a specific model?
W: No, not really. (13) [I’ve heard that German cars are very reliable,] but I haven’t decided on a specific model yet. I’d also like it to be small, so that it’s easy to drive in the city.
M: (14) [I have a friend who sells second-hand cars. In fact, I think his family owns the business. He’s a really nice guy, and he knows a lot about cars. I could give you his phone number if you want, and you could call him and ask him questions.]
W: Hmm, that’s nice of you, but I don’t want to feel obliged to buy one of his cars.
M: Oh, no, he’s not like that. (15) [He’s a good friend of mine, and he would never try to pressure you or cheat you.]
W: (15) [Well, if you trust him, then I guess it should be OK.] To be honest, I could use some help in deciding what type of vehicle would best suit my needs. Speaking to an expert would be a good idea.
M: Exactly. You have nothing to worry about. He’s a lovely guy, and he’ll be happy to help.
12. Why does the woman want to have a car? （为什么女士想要拥有一辆车？）
解析：D。在录音开头女士提到，她考虑买辆车，不需要每天都开，但如果能有一辆的话，周末用车会很方便。D项与此内容相符，其中的convenience对应录音中的very convenient，weekends为原词复现，故D项为正确答案。
错项排除：录音中没有提到有关上班通勤的内容，而且女士强调了不是每天都会用车，故A项错误。B项在录音中无依据，故排除。C项利用录音中出现的Miami和get around设置干扰，但这里是说女士之前住在迈阿密时曾有过一辆车，当时是为了出行方便，但这里说的是过去的事，而不是女士现在买车的目的，C项不符合题意，故排除。
13、Question 13 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、They are reliable.
B、They are compact.
C、They are spacious.
D、They are easy to drive.
解析：
听力原文
W: I’m thinking of buying a car. (12) [I wouldn’t need to use it every day, but I think it would be very convenient to have one for the weekends.]
M: That’s exciting. Would this be your first car?
W: No, I actually owned a car for a little while when I lived in Miami. You see, in America, many cities don’t have good public transport, so most people need their own car to get around.
M: I see. So have you got your mind set on a specific model?
W: No, not really. (13) [I’ve heard that German cars are very reliable,] but I haven’t decided on a specific model yet. I’d also like it to be small, so that it’s easy to drive in the city.
M: (14) [I have a friend who sells second-hand cars. In fact, I think his family owns the business. He’s a really nice guy, and he knows a lot about cars. I could give you his phone number if you want, and you could call him and ask him questions.]
W: Hmm, that’s nice of you, but I don’t want to feel obliged to buy one of his cars.
M: Oh, no, he’s not like that. (15) [He’s a good friend of mine, and he would never try to pressure you or cheat you.]
W: (15) [Well, if you trust him, then I guess it should be OK.] To be honest, I could use some help in deciding what type of vehicle would best suit my needs. Speaking to an expert would be a good idea.
M: Exactly. You have nothing to worry about. He’s a lovely guy, and he’ll be happy to help.
13. What does the woman say about German cars? （女士如何评价德国车？）
解析：A。女士在录音中间部分提到，她听说德国车很可靠，A项中的reliable为原词复现，符合题意，故为正确答案。
错项排除：录音中女士说想买小一点的车，这样在城里开车会很方便。但这些都不是女士对德国车的评价，故排除B项和D项。C项在录音中无依据，故排除。
14、Question 14 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Buy a second-hand car.
B、Trust her own judgment.
C、Seek advice from his friend.
D、Look around before deciding.
解析：
听力原文
W: I’m thinking of buying a car. (12) [I wouldn’t need to use it every day, but I think it would be very convenient to have one for the weekends.]
M: That’s exciting. Would this be your first car?
W: No, I actually owned a car for a little while when I lived in Miami. You see, in America, many cities don’t have good public transport, so most people need their own car to get around.
M: I see. So have you got your mind set on a specific model?
W: No, not really. (13) [I’ve heard that German cars are very reliable,] but I haven’t decided on a specific model yet. I’d also like it to be small, so that it’s easy to drive in the city.
M: (14) [I have a friend who sells second-hand cars. In fact, I think his family owns the business. He’s a really nice guy, and he knows a lot about cars. I could give you his phone number if you want, and you could call him and ask him questions.]
W: Hmm, that’s nice of you, but I don’t want to feel obliged to buy one of his cars.
M: Oh, no, he’s not like that. (15) [He’s a good friend of mine, and he would never try to pressure you or cheat you.]
W: (15) [Well, if you trust him, then I guess it should be OK.] To be honest, I could use some help in deciding what type of vehicle would best suit my needs. Speaking to an expert would be a good idea.
M: Exactly. You have nothing to worry about. He’s a lovely guy, and he’ll be happy to help.
14. What does the man recommend the woman do? （男士推荐女士做什么？）
解析：C。在录音中间部分男士说到，他有一位卖车的朋友，并建议女士给他打电话咨询一下。C项与此内容相符，其中的Seek advice是对录音中call him and ask him questions的同义转述，故C项为正确答案。
错项排除：A项利用录音中的second-hand cars设置干扰，但这里只是说男士的朋友在卖二手车，而不是男士建议女士买一辆二手车，故A项错误。B项和D项分别利用录音中的trust和get around进行干扰，但与录音中意思毫不相干，故均排除。
15、Question 15 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、He sells new cars.
B、He can be trusted.
C、He is starting a business.
D、He is a successful car dealer.
解析：
听力原文
W: I’m thinking of buying a car. (12) [I wouldn’t need to use it every day, but I think it would be very convenient to have one for the weekends.]
M: That’s exciting. Would this be your first car?
W: No, I actually owned a car for a little while when I lived in Miami. You see, in America, many cities don’t have good public transport, so most people need their own car to get around.
M: I see. So have you got your mind set on a specific model?
W: No, not really. (13) [I’ve heard that German cars are very reliable,] but I haven’t decided on a specific model yet. I’d also like it to be small, so that it’s easy to drive in the city.
M: (14) [I have a friend who sells second-hand cars. In fact, I think his family owns the business. He’s a really nice guy, and he knows a lot about cars. I could give you his phone number if you want, and you could call him and ask him questions.]
W: Hmm, that’s nice of you, but I don’t want to feel obliged to buy one of his cars.
M: Oh, no, he’s not like that. (15) [He’s a good friend of mine, and he would never try to pressure you or cheat you.]
W: (15) [Well, if you trust him, then I guess it should be OK.] To be honest, I could use some help in deciding what type of vehicle would best suit my needs. Speaking to an expert would be a good idea.
M: Exactly. You have nothing to worry about. He’s a lovely guy, and he’ll be happy to help.
15. What do we learn about the man’s friend from the conversation?（关于男士的朋友，我们能从对话中了解到什么？）
解析：B。在录音后半部分男士说到，自己的好朋友绝对不会让女士感到压力，也不会骗她。随后女士回应说，既然男士这么信任他，那她觉得应该没问题。由此可知，男士的朋友是个值得信任的人，故B项为正确答案。
错项排除：录音中提到，男士的朋友在卖二手车，这家二手车公司是他家族的企业。A项和C项与此内容相悖，故均排除。D项在录音中无依据，故排除。
16、Question 16 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Many escaped from farms and became wild.
B、They were actually native to North America.
C、Many got killed in the wild when searching for food.
D、They were hunted by Spanish and Russian explorers.
解析：
听力原文
Pigs are not native to North America. They were first introduced to California by Spanish and Russian explorers and settlers many centuries ago. (16) [In the early times, pigs were allowed to wander freely in search of food. This practice also allowed many pigs to escape from farms and live in the wild, which became a problem.] In fact, they’re one of the most damaging invasive species on the continent. Wild pigs cause millions of dollars in crop damage yearly. (17) [They also harbor dozens of diseases that threaten both humans and farm animals.] Forest patches with wild pigs have been found to have considerably reduced plant and animal diversity. In addition to either eating other animals or their food supply, wild pigs damaged native habitats by rooting up grasses and rubbing on trees. Their activities may also create opportunities for invasive plants to colonize these areas. Wild pigs will eat almost anything containing calories. Mice, deer, birds, snakes and frogs are among their victims. They can also harm other wild species through indirect competition rather than eating them or shrinking their food supply. On one particular United States island, wild pigs themselves became an attractive food source for a species of mainland eagle. (18) [The eagles began breeding on the island and also feeding on a species of native fox. The foxes were almost wiped out completely.]
16. What do we learn about early pigs in North America?（关于早先北美的猪，我们了解到什么？）
解析：A。录音开头说到，刚开始，猪可以自由地四处游荡、寻找食物。这种做法也让许多猪逃离农场在野外生活，成为了一个问题。随后就讲到了野猪的不良影响。由此可知，早先，由于不受限制，农场的猪在逃跑之后变成了野猪。A项与此内容相符，其中的escaped from farms为原词复现，became wild对应录音中的live in the wild，故A项为正确答案。
错项排除：录音开头提到猪并非原产于北美洲，B项与此内容相悖，故错误。录音中提到猪在早先是可以自由地四处游荡、寻找食物的，C项与此内容相悖，故错误。录音中虽然提到了西班牙和俄罗斯的探险家，但说的是他们将猪带到加利福尼亚州，而不是猎杀它们，故D项错误。
17、Question 17 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They often make sudden attacks on people.
B、They break up nature’s food supply chain.
C、They cause much environmental pollution.
D、They carry a great many diseases.
解析：
听力原文
Pigs are not native to North America. They were first introduced to California by Spanish and Russian explorers and settlers many centuries ago. (16) [In the early times, pigs were allowed to wander freely in search of food. This practice also allowed many pigs to escape from farms and live in the wild, which became a problem.] In fact, they’re one of the most damaging invasive species on the continent. Wild pigs cause millions of dollars in crop damage yearly. (17) [They also harbor dozens of diseases that threaten both humans and farm animals.] Forest patches with wild pigs have been found to have considerably reduced plant and animal diversity. In addition to either eating other animals or their food supply, wild pigs damaged native habitats by rooting up grasses and rubbing on trees. Their activities may also create opportunities for invasive plants to colonize these areas. Wild pigs will eat almost anything containing calories. Mice, deer, birds, snakes and frogs are among their victims. They can also harm other wild species through indirect competition rather than eating them or shrinking their food supply. On one particular United States island, wild pigs themselves became an attractive food source for a species of mainland eagle. (18) [The eagles began breeding on the island and also feeding on a species of native fox. The foxes were almost wiped out completely.]
17. Why are wild pigs a threat to humans? （为什么野猪会对人类构成威胁？）
解析：D。录音前半部分提到，野猪身上藏匿着几十种威胁人类和农场动物的疾病。D项与此内容相符，其中carry a great many diseases是对录音中harbor dozens of diseases的同义替换，故为正确答案。
错项排除：A项和C项在录音中无依据，故均排除。B项利用录音中出现的food supply设置干扰，但这里说的是野猪猎食其他动物及其食物，这是对植物和动物多样性的破坏，而不是对人类的威胁，而且也不等同于破坏了食物供应链，B项不符合题意，故排除。
18、Question 18 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They lived peacefully with wild pigs.
B、They ran out of food completely.
C、They fell victim to eagles.
D、They reproduced quickly.
解析：
听力原文
Pigs are not native to North America. They were first introduced to California by Spanish and Russian explorers and settlers many centuries ago. (16) [In the early times, pigs were allowed to wander freely in search of food. This practice also allowed many pigs to escape from farms and live in the wild, which became a problem.] In fact, they’re one of the most damaging invasive species on the continent. Wild pigs cause millions of dollars in crop damage yearly. (17) [They also harbor dozens of diseases that threaten both humans and farm animals.] Forest patches with wild pigs have been found to have considerably reduced plant and animal diversity. In addition to either eating other animals or their food supply, wild pigs damaged native habitats by rooting up grasses and rubbing on trees. Their activities may also create opportunities for invasive plants to colonize these areas. Wild pigs will eat almost anything containing calories. Mice, deer, birds, snakes and frogs are among their victims. They can also harm other wild species through indirect competition rather than eating them or shrinking their food supply. On one particular United States island, wild pigs themselves became an attractive food source for a species of mainland eagle. (18) [The eagles began breeding on the island and also feeding on a species of native fox. The foxes were almost wiped out completely.]
18. What does the passage say about the native foxes on a US island?（关于美国某个小岛当地的狐狸，这篇文章说了些什么？）
解析：C。录音结尾提到，老鹰在这座岛上繁殖，并猎食一种当地的狐狸，这些狐狸因此几乎遭到灭顶之灾。C项是对这一内容的概括总结，故为正确答案。
错项排除：A项在录音中无依据，故排除。录音中说该小岛当地的狐狸几乎遭到了灭顶之灾，而不是它们的食物都吃光了，故B项错误；D项与此内容相悖，故错误。
19、Question 19 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Taste coffee while in outer space.
B、Roast coffee beans in outer space.
C、Develop a new strain of coffee bean.
D、Use a pressurised tank to brew coffee.
解析：
听力原文
(19) [A pair of entrepreneurs are planning to build and launch a spacecraft that would carry and roast coffee beans in outer space.] The craft will use the heat of re-entry to roast coffee beans as they float inside it in a pressurised tank. The effect would be to roast the beans all over and produce perfect coffee. The businessmen say that (20) [on Earth, beans can easily break apart and get burned in the roaster.] But if gravity is removed, the beans float around in a heated oven, receive 360 degrees of evenly distributed heat and roast to near perfection. The spacecraft will reach a height of around 200 kilometers. The beans would then be roasted in the heat generated by the craft’s 20-minute re-entry into Earth’s atmosphere. Temperatures in the pressurised tank will be kept to around 200 ℃. Once back on Earth, the planet’s first space roasted beans would be used to make coffee that would be sold for the first time in Dubai. This is where the pair’s company is based. It is not clear how much they would charge for a cup. Surprisingly, the Space Roaster concept, should it go ahead, will not be the first attempt to take coffee into space. (21) [In 2015, two Italian companies collaborated on the construction of a similar type of spacecraft, which was the first coffee machine designed for use in space.]
19. What are a pair of entrepreneurs planning to do? （两位企业家计划做什么？）
解析：B。录音开头提到，两位企业家正计划建造并发射一艘太空船，运载咖啡豆到外太空中进行烘烤。B项内容均为原词复现，符合题意，故为正确答案。
错项排除：A项中的Taste coffee和C项中的Develop a new strain of在录音中都无依据，故均排除。D项利用录音中的pressurised tank设置干扰，但加压罐是用来烘烤咖啡豆的，而不是用来冲泡咖啡的，故D项错误。
20、Question 20 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They can easily get burned.
B、They float around in the oven.
C、They have to be heated to 360℃.
D、They receive evenly distributed heat.
解析：
听力原文
(19) [A pair of entrepreneurs are planning to build and launch a spacecraft that would carry and roast coffee beans in outer space.] The craft will use the heat of re-entry to roast coffee beans as they float inside it in a pressurised tank. The effect would be to roast the beans all over and produce perfect coffee. The businessmen say that (20) [on Earth, beans can easily break apart and get burned in the roaster.] But if gravity is removed, the beans float around in a heated oven, receive 360 degrees of evenly distributed heat and roast to near perfection. The spacecraft will reach a height of around 200 kilometers. The beans would then be roasted in the heat generated by the craft’s 20-minute re-entry into Earth’s atmosphere. Temperatures in the pressurised tank will be kept to around 200 ℃. Once back on Earth, the planet’s first space roasted beans would be used to make coffee that would be sold for the first time in Dubai. This is where the pair’s company is based. It is not clear how much they would charge for a cup. Surprisingly, the Space Roaster concept, should it go ahead, will not be the first attempt to take coffee into space. (21) [In 2015, two Italian companies collaborated on the construction of a similar type of spacecraft, which was the first coffee machine designed for use in space.]
20. What does the passage say about coffee beans roasted on Earth? （关于在地球上烘烤的咖啡豆，这篇文章说了些什么？）
解析：A。录音前半部分提到，在地球上，咖啡豆很容易破裂，被烤箱烤焦。A项与此内容相符，其中的easily和get burned均为原词复现，故为正确答案。
错项排除：在录音中，“飘浮在烤箱里”和“受热均匀”都是描述在外太空烘烤咖啡豆的情形，而不是在地球上，B项和D项不符合题意，故均排除。C项利用录音中的360 degrees设置干扰，但这里说的是360度全方位烘烤咖啡豆，而不是要加热到360摄氏度，故C项错误。
21、Question 21 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They charged a high price for their space-roasted coffee beans.
B、They set up a branch in Dubai to manufacture coffee roasters.
C、They collaborated on building the first space coffee machine.
D、They abandoned the attempt to roast coffee beans in space.
解析：
听力原文
(19) [A pair of entrepreneurs are planning to build and launch a spacecraft that would carry and roast coffee beans in outer space.] The craft will use the heat of re-entry to roast coffee beans as they float inside it in a pressurised tank. The effect would be to roast the beans all over and produce perfect coffee. The businessmen say that (20) [on Earth, beans can easily break apart and get burned in the roaster.] But if gravity is removed, the beans float around in a heated oven, receive 360 degrees of evenly distributed heat and roast to near perfection. The spacecraft will reach a height of around 200 kilometers. The beans would then be roasted in the heat generated by the craft’s 20-minute re-entry into Earth’s atmosphere. Temperatures in the pressurised tank will be kept to around 200 ℃. Once back on Earth, the planet’s first space roasted beans would be used to make coffee that would be sold for the first time in Dubai. This is where the pair’s company is based. It is not clear how much they would charge for a cup. Surprisingly, the Space Roaster concept, should it go ahead, will not be the first attempt to take coffee into space. (21) [In 2015, two Italian companies collaborated on the construction of a similar type of spacecraft, which was the first coffee machine designed for use in space.]
21. What did the two Italian companies do in 2015? （两家意大利公司在2015年做了什么？）
解析：C。录音结尾提到，2015年，两家意大利公司合作建造了一个相似类型的航天器，这是第一台为太空使用而设计的咖啡机。C项与此内容相符，其中的collaborated为原词复现，the first space coffee machine是对录音中the first coffee machine designed for use in space的同义替换，故C项为正确答案。
错项排除：录音后半部分提到，地球上第一批在太空烘烤的豆子将被制成咖啡，并在迪拜首次出售，每杯的售价尚不明确。A项与此内容不符，故错误。B项利用录音中的Dubai设置干扰，但根据录音内容，两家意大利公司与迪拜没有关联，且设在迪拜的是总部而不是分公司，故排除B项。D项中的abandoned在录音中无依据，故排除。
22、Question 22 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、It is the best time for sightseeing.
B、A race passes through it annually.
C、They come to clean the Iditarod Trail.
D、It is when the villagers choose a queen.
解析：
听力原文
In cold and snowy Alaska, there’s a village called Takotna. It has a population of a mere 49 souls. (22) [Each March, this tiny village swells up in numbers, because it is located in the middle of a race that takes place every year.] It is a seven-day race called the Iditarod Trail. And participants stop at Takotna for their obligatory 24-hour rest. Lucky for them, (23) [Takotna is famous for its delicious fruit pies.] Weeks before the competitors arrive, the residents of Takotna start preparing for what is without question their biggest event of the year. (24) [The whole village chips in to help, including the kids, who end up developing their baking skills at an early age.] Exhausted and hungry racers are greeted with delightful pies of all kinds such as apple, orange, lemon or banana. They consume the pies as stomach warming race fuel. The toughness of the race allows for racers to eat pretty much whatever they want. The more calories, the better. Takotna has gained a reputation for its dessert-based hospitality since the 1970s. (25) [It started with one person, Jan Newton. Jan moved from Idaho with her husband in 1972 and opened a restaurant. Her rich and filling fruit pies quickly got the racers’ attention, and the village gained some fame as a result.] Proud residents then started to refer to Jan as “Queen of Takotna”.
22. Why do a lot of people come to the village of Takotna every March? （为什么每年三月都有很多人来到塔科特纳村？）
解析：B。录音开头提到，每年三月，塔科特纳村就会人数猛增，因为有一场一年一度的赛事会途经此地。B项与此内容相符，其中的A race为原词复现，passes through是对录音中located in the middle的同义转述，annually是对every year的同义替换，故B项为正确答案。
错项排除：A项的sightseeing在录音中无依据，故排除。C项利用录音中出现的Iditarod Trail设置干扰，但录音中并没有提到clean的相关信息，故排除。D项利用录音结尾出现的Queen设置干扰，但录音中说的是村民称简为“塔科特纳女王”，没有说会在三月选出女王，故D项错误。
23、Question 23 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Its children’s baking skills.
B、Its unique winter scenery.
C、Its tasty fruit pies.
D、Its great food variety.
解析：
听力原文
In cold and snowy Alaska, there’s a village called Takotna. It has a population of a mere 49 souls. (22) [Each March, this tiny village swells up in numbers, because it is located in the middle of a race that takes place every year.] It is a seven-day race called the Iditarod Trail. And participants stop at Takotna for their obligatory 24-hour rest. Lucky for them, (23) [Takotna is famous for its delicious fruit pies.] Weeks before the competitors arrive, the residents of Takotna start preparing for what is without question their biggest event of the year. (24) [The whole village chips in to help, including the kids, who end up developing their baking skills at an early age.] Exhausted and hungry racers are greeted with delightful pies of all kinds such as apple, orange, lemon or banana. They consume the pies as stomach warming race fuel. The toughness of the race allows for racers to eat pretty much whatever they want. The more calories, the better. Takotna has gained a reputation for its dessert-based hospitality since the 1970s. (25) [It started with one person, Jan Newton. Jan moved from Idaho with her husband in 1972 and opened a restaurant. Her rich and filling fruit pies quickly got the racers’ attention, and the village gained some fame as a result.] Proud residents then started to refer to Jan as “Queen of Takotna”.
23. What is the village of Takotna famous for? （塔科特纳村因为什么而闻名？）
解析：C。录音中间部分提到，塔科特纳以其美味的水果馅饼而闻名。C项与此内容相符，其中的fruit pies为原词复现，tasty是对录音中delicious的同义替换，故C项为正确答案。
错项排除：B项在录音中无依据，故排除。录音中虽然提到了村里孩子的烘焙技能，也提到了馅饼的种类繁多，但这些都不是塔科特纳村出名的原因，故排除A项和D项。
24、Question 24 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、The contestants.
B、The entire village.
C、Jan Newton and her friends.
D、People from the state of Idaho.
解析：
听力原文
In cold and snowy Alaska, there’s a village called Takotna. It has a population of a mere 49 souls. (22) [Each March, this tiny village swells up in numbers, because it is located in the middle of a race that takes place every year.] It is a seven-day race called the Iditarod Trail. And participants stop at Takotna for their obligatory 24-hour rest. Lucky for them, (23) [Takotna is famous for its delicious fruit pies.] Weeks before the competitors arrive, the residents of Takotna start preparing for what is without question their biggest event of the year. (24) [The whole village chips in to help, including the kids, who end up developing their baking skills at an early age.] Exhausted and hungry racers are greeted with delightful pies of all kinds such as apple, orange, lemon or banana. They consume the pies as stomach warming race fuel. The toughness of the race allows for racers to eat pretty much whatever they want. The more calories, the better. Takotna has gained a reputation for its dessert-based hospitality since the 1970s. (25) [It started with one person, Jan Newton. Jan moved from Idaho with her husband in 1972 and opened a restaurant. Her rich and filling fruit pies quickly got the racers’ attention, and the village gained some fame as a result.] Proud residents then started to refer to Jan as “Queen of Takotna”.
24. Who comes to help with the event of the year?（谁会来帮忙筹备每年最大的赛事？）
解析：B。录音中间部分提到，临近每年最大的赛事时，全村的人都会出钱帮忙筹备。B项与此内容相符，其中的The entire village是对录音中The whole village的同义替换，故B项为正确答案。
错项排除：根据录音，人们会在比赛中将馅饼送给参赛者吃，而不是由参赛者来筹备赛事，故排除A项。录音中虽然提到简·牛顿，但未提到她的朋友们，故排除C项。D项利用录音中提到的Idaho设置干扰，但这里说的是简·牛顿是从爱达荷州搬来的，与筹备赛事无关，故排除D项。
25、Question 25 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、She owned a restaurant in Idaho.
B、She married her husband in 1972.
C、She went to Alaska to compete in a race.
D、She helped the village to become famous.
解析：
听力原文
In cold and snowy Alaska, there’s a village called Takotna. It has a population of a mere 49 souls. (22) [Each March, this tiny village swells up in numbers, because it is located in the middle of a race that takes place every year.] It is a seven-day race called the Iditarod Trail. And participants stop at Takotna for their obligatory 24-hour rest. Lucky for them, (23) [Takotna is famous for its delicious fruit pies.] Weeks before the competitors arrive, the residents of Takotna start preparing for what is without question their biggest event of the year. (24) [The whole village chips in to help, including the kids, who end up developing their baking skills at an early age.] Exhausted and hungry racers are greeted with delightful pies of all kinds such as apple, orange, lemon or banana. They consume the pies as stomach warming race fuel. The toughness of the race allows for racers to eat pretty much whatever they want. The more calories, the better. Takotna has gained a reputation for its dessert-based hospitality since the 1970s. (25) [It started with one person, Jan Newton. Jan moved from Idaho with her husband in 1972 and opened a restaurant. Her rich and filling fruit pies quickly got the racers’ attention, and the village gained some fame as a result.] Proud residents then started to refer to Jan as “Queen of Takotna”.
25. What does the passage say about Jan Newton?（关于简·牛顿，这篇文章说了什么？）
解析：D。录音结尾提到，简做的馅饼受到欢迎，村子也因此而出名。D项与此内容相符，其中的helped the village to become famous是对录音中the village gained some fame的同义转述，故D项为正确答案。
错项排除：根据录音，简在1972年和丈夫从爱达荷州搬来，并在搬来后开了餐馆，因此是在塔科特纳村开餐馆而不是爱达荷州，故A项错误。1972年是简搬来的时间，并非结婚的时间，故B项错误。录音中只提到塔科特纳村位于阿拉斯加，没有说简去阿拉斯加参加了比赛，故排除C项。
二、Part III Reading Comprehension
Most animals seek shade when temperatures in the Sahara Desert soar to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. But for the Saharan silver ant, (26)_____ from their underground nests into the sun’s brutal rays to (27)_____ for food, this is the perfect time to seek lunch. In 2015 these ants were joined in the desert by scientists from two Belgian universities, who spent a month in the (28)_____ heat tracking the ants and digging out their nests. The goal was simple, to discover how the (29)_____ adapted to the kind of heat that can (30)_____ melt the bottom of shoes.
Back in Belgium, the scientists looked at the ants under an electronic microscope and found that their (31)_____, triangular hair reflects light like a prism (棱镜), giving them a metallic reflection and protecting them from the sun’s awful heat. When Ph.D. student Quentin Willot (32)_____ the hair from an ant with a (33)_____ knife and put it under a heat lamp, its temperature jumped.
The ants’ method of staying cool is (34)_____ among animals. Could this reflective type of hair protect people? Willot says companies are interested in (35)_____ these ants’ method of heat protection for human use, including everything from helping to protect the lives of firefighters to keeping homes cool in summer.
26、(1)
A、extreme
B、thick
C、remote
D、species
E、crawling
F、literally
G、adapting
H、unique
I、tiny
J、specimens
K、consciously
L、hunt
M、crowded
N、removed
O、moderate
解析：
名词
extreme 极端；极限
hunt 打猎；搜索
moderate 温和派
species 物种
specimens (-s) 标本；样品
动词
adapting (-ing) 使适应；调整
crawling (-ing) 爬行；缓慢行进
crowded (-ed) 挤满；塞满
hunt 打猎；搜寻
moderate 使缓和；使适中
removed (-ed) 移开；去除
形容词
crowded 拥挤的；挤满的
extreme 极度的；偏激的
moderate 适度的；温和的
remote 遥远的；偏僻的
thick 厚的；粗的
tiny 极小的；微小的
unique 独特的；唯一的
副词
consciously 自觉地；有意识地
literally 字面上地；确实
26. crawling
解析：动词辨析题。本句主干为this is the perfect time...，空格所在部分为状语成分，主要表示撒哈拉银蚁从地下到地上的过程，因此空格处应填入动词的现在分词形式作伴随状语。根据常识可知，蚂蚁是从地下爬到地上，因此选crawling，代入空格表示：对于撒哈拉银蚁来说，它们会从地下巢穴爬到烈日下，符合逻辑。
27. hunt
解析：动词辨析题。空格前为to，因此空格处应填入动词原形，并与空格后的for搭配。空格所在句前面说到，撒哈拉银蚁从地下巢穴爬到烈日下，后面一句又说到，这是它们寻找午餐的最佳时机，因此空格处是在说撒哈拉银蚁爬到烈日下的目的，即“觅食”。动词备选项中只有hunt符合题意，hunt for为固定搭配，表示“搜寻；寻找”。
28. extreme
解析：形容词辨析题。空格所在句主干成分完整，空格前为定冠词the，空格后为名词heat，因此空格处应填入形容词，作heat的定语。根据句意，2015年，比利时两所大学的科学家进入沙漠加入到这些蚂蚁的行列，他们在____热的环境下花了一个月的时间追踪蚂蚁并挖出它们的巢穴。形容词选项中extreme能够修饰“热”，表示其程度，代入空格表示“极热”，符合题意。moderate（适度的）也可以表示程度，但根据上下文可知，撒哈拉沙漠里的温度极高，moderate代入空格前后矛盾，故排除。
29. species
解析：名词辨析题。空格所在句为discover之后how引导的宾语从句，从句缺少主语，空格前为the，空格后为谓语adapted to，因此空格处应填入名词作从句主语。根据句意，目的很简单，就是探究这____如何适应这种高温。根据句意可知，空格处指的应该是撒哈拉银蚁，选项中能够表示这种动物的只有species，代入空格表示“这一物种”，符合题意。对本题有一定干扰性的选项是specimens，这个词指的是用于检验或研究的样本，但这里指的是撒哈拉银蚁这一普遍物种，specimens代入空格不符合逻辑，因此排除。
30. literally
解析：副词辨析题。空格所在句为that引导的定语从句，先行词为heat，定语从句中主干成分完整，因此空格处应填入副词作状语。根据句意，目的很简单，就是探究这一物种是如何适应这种能____熔化鞋底的高温的。副词选项中代入空格能构成合理语义的只有literally，表示“确实能熔化鞋底”，符合题意。
31. thick
解析：形容词辨析题。空格所在句主干成分完整，空格前为their，空格后为triangular hair，因此空格处应填入形容词，与triangular一起修饰hair。根据句意，科学家探究它们____，三角形的毛发像三棱镜一样反射光线。选项中可以修饰hair且符合语义逻辑的只有thick，表示“浓密的毛发”，符合题意。
32. removed
解析：动词辨析题。空格所在句为when引导的时间状语从句，从句中缺少谓语，再根据主句中的过去时态可知，空格处应填入动词的过去式。根据句意，当博士生昆汀·维洛特用刀从一只蚂蚁身上____毛发，再把它放在加热灯下时，它的体温就会急剧上升。结合上一句中提到的蚂蚁身上的毛发可以保护它们免受太阳热量的伤害可知，蚂蚁体温升高应该是由于毛发被除去了，选项中只有removed代入空格符合题意，表示“剃除毛发”。
33. tiny
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前为a，空格后为knife，因此空格处应填入形容词修饰knife。根据常识可知，蚂蚁体积很小，所以剃除蚂蚁毛发的刀应该是微型的，选项中只有tiny代入空格符合题意，表示“微型刀”。
34. unique
解析：形容词辨析题。空格所在句中主语为method，谓语为系动词is，缺少表语，因此空格处可填入名词、形容词或分词作表语。空格所在句的句意为，蚂蚁保持凉爽的方法在动物中是____的。形容词选项中只有unique代入空格符合逻辑，表示“在动物中是独一无二的”。
35. adapting
解析：动词辨析题。空格前为固定搭配are interested in，空格后为these ants’ method，因此空格处应填入动名词形式。根据句意，维洛特说，一些公司有兴趣将这些蚂蚁的防热方法____人类应用。选项中填入空格能构成合理语义的只有adapting，表示“将这种蚂蚁的方法进行调整并应用于人类”，符合题意。
27、(2)
A、extreme
B、thick
C、remote
D、species
E、crawling
F、literally
G、adapting
H、unique
I、tiny
J、specimens
K、consciously
L、hunt
M、crowded
N、removed
O、moderate
解析：见上一题！
28、(3)
A、extreme
B、thick
C、remote
D、species
E、crawling
F、literally
G、adapting
H、unique
I、tiny
J、specimens
K、consciously
L、hunt
M、crowded
N、removed
O、moderate
解析：见上一题！
29、(4)
A、extreme
B、thick
C、remote
D、species
E、crawling
F、literally
G、adapting
H、unique
I、tiny
J、specimens
K、consciously
L、hunt
M、crowded
N、removed
O、moderate
解析：见上一题！
30、(5)
A、extreme
B、thick
C、remote
D、species
E、crawling
F、literally
G、adapting
H、unique
I、tiny
J、specimens
K、consciously
L、hunt
M、crowded
N、removed
O、moderate
解析：见上一题！
31、(6)
A、extreme
B、thick
C、remote
D、species
E、crawling
F、literally
G、adapting
H、unique
I、tiny
J、specimens
K、consciously
L、hunt
M、crowded
N、removed
O、moderate
解析：见上一题！
32、(7)
A、extreme
B、thick
C、remote
D、species
E、crawling
F、literally
G、adapting
H、unique
I、tiny
J、specimens
K、consciously
L、hunt
M、crowded
N、removed
O、moderate
解析：见上一题！
33、(8)
A、extreme
B、thick
C、remote
D、species
E、crawling
F、literally
G、adapting
H、unique
I、tiny
J、specimens
K、consciously
L、hunt
M、crowded
N、removed
O、moderate
解析：见上一题！
34、(9)
A、extreme
B、thick
C、remote
D、species
E、crawling
F、literally
G、adapting
H、unique
I、tiny
J、specimens
K、consciously
L、hunt
M、crowded
N、removed
O、moderate
解析：见上一题！
35、(10)
A、extreme
B、thick
C、remote
D、species
E、crawling
F、literally
G、adapting
H、unique
I、tiny
J、specimens
K、consciously
L、hunt
M、crowded
N、removed
O、moderate
解析：见上一题！
The start of high school doesn’t have to be stressful
【A】This month, more than 4 million students across the nation will begin high school. Many will do well. But many will not. Consider that nearly two-thirds of students will experience the “ninth-grade shock”, which refers to a dramatic drop in a student’s academic performance. Some students cope with this shock by avoiding challenges. For instance, they may drop difficult coursework. Others may experience a hopelessness that results in failing their core classes, such as English, science and math.
【B】This should matter a great deal to parents, teachers and policymakers. Ultimately it should matter to the students themselves and society at large, because students’ experience of transitioning (过渡) to the ninth grade can have long-term consequences not only for the students themselves but for their home communities. We make these observations as research psychologists who have studied how schools and families can help young people thrive.
【C】In the new global economy, students who fail to finish the ninth grade with passing grades in college preparatory coursework are very unlikely to graduate on time and go on to get jobs. One study has calculated that the lifetime benefit to the local economy for a single additional student who completes high school is half a million dollars or more. This is based on higher earnings and avoided costs in health care, crime, welfare dependence and other things.
【D】The consequences of doing poorly in the ninth grade can impact more than students’ ability to find a good job. It can also impact the extent to which they enjoy life. Students lose many of the friends they turned to for support when they move from the eighth to the ninth grade. One study of ninth-grade students found that 50 percent of friendships among ninth graders changed from one month to the next, signaling striking instability in friendships.
【E】In addition, studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases in depression of any year over the lifespan. Researchers think that one explanation is that ties to friends are broken while academic demands are rising. Furthermore, most adult cases of clinical depression first emerge in adolescence (青春期). The World Health Organization reports that depression has the greatest burden of disease worldwide, in terms of the total cost of treatment and the loss of productivity.
【F】Given all that’s riding on having a successful ninth grade experience, it pays to explore what can be done to meet the academic, social and emotional challenges of the transition to high school. So far, our studies have yielded one main insight: Students’ beliefs about change—their beliefs about whether people are stuck one way forever, or whether people can change their personalities and abilities—are related to their ability to cope, succeed academically and maintain good mental health. Past research has called these beliefs “mindsets (思维模式)”, with a “fixed mindset” referring to the belief that people cannot change and a “growth mindset” referring to the belief that people can change.
【G】In one recent study, we examined 360 adolescents’ beliefs about the nature of “smartness”—that is, their fixed mindsets about intelligence. We then assessed biological stress responses for students whose grades were dropping by examining their stress hormones (荷尔蒙). Students who believed that intelligence is fixed—that you are stuck being “not smart” if you struggle in school—showed higher levels of stress hormones when their grades were declining at the beginning of the ninth grade. If students believed that intelligence could improve—that is to say, when they held more of a growth mindset of intelligence—they showed lower levels of stress hormones when their grades were declining. This was an exciting result because it showed that the body’s stress responses are not determined solely by one’s grades. Instead, declining grades only predicted worse stress hormones among students who believed that worsening grades were a permanent and hopeless state of affairs.
【H】We also investigated the social side of the high school transition. In this study, instead of teaching students that their smartness can change, we taught them that their social standing—that is, whether they are bullied or excluded or left out—can change over time. We then looked at high school students’ stress responses to daily social difficulties. That is, we taught them a growth mindset about their social lives. In this study, students came into the laboratory and were asked to give a public speech in front of upper-year students. The topic of the speech was what makes one popular in high school. Following this, students had to complete a difficult mental math task in front of the same upper-year students.
【I】Experiment results showed that students who were not taught that people can change showed poor stress responses. When these students gave the speech, their blood vessels contracted and their hearts pumped less blood through the body—both responses that the body shows when it is preparing for damage or defeat after a physical threat. Then they gave worse speeches and made more mistakes in math. But when students were taught that people can change, they had better responses to stress, in part because they felt like they had the resources to deal with the demanding situation. Students who got the growth mindset intervention (干预) showed less-contracted blood vessels and their hearts pumped more blood—both of which contributed to more oxygen getting to the brain, and, ultimately, better performance on the speech and mental math tasks.
【J】These findings lead to several possibilities that we are investigating further. First, we are working to replicate (复制) these findings in more diverse school communities. We want to know in which types of schools and for which kinds of students these growth mindset ideas help young people adapt to the challenges of high school. We also hope to learn how teachers, parents or school counselors can help students keep their ongoing academic or social difficulties in perspective. We wonder what would happen if schools helped to make beliefs about the potential for change and improvement a larger feature of the overall school culture, especially for students starting the ninth grade.
36、36. The number of people experiencing depression shows a sharp increase in the first year of high school.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
解析：36. 经历抑郁的人数在高中的第一年急剧增加。
