一、Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1、Question 1 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.
B、Invasive species are driving away certain native species.
C、The Mediterranean is a natural habitat of Devil Firefish.
D、Many people have been attacked by Devil Firefish.
解析：
听力原文
(1) [A poisonous fish which has a sting strong enough to kill a human is invading the Mediterranean, ]warned scientists. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature has raised concerns after (1) [the poisonous fish was spotted in the waters around Turkey, Cyprus and the eastern Mediterranean.] Native to the South Pacific and Indian Ocean, the potentially deadly fish has poisonous hooks and a painful sting capable of killing people. Although fatalities are rare, the stings can cause extreme pain and stop people breathing. The fish, often known as Devil Firefish, is a highly invasive species, (2) [and environmentalists fear its arrival could endanger other types of marine life.] After being spotted in the Mediterranean, a marine scientist says, “The fish is spreading, and that’s a cause for concern.”
1. What is reported in the news?
解析：A。根据选项中的fish和species可推测出，本篇新闻报道可能和某类海洋物种相关，听音时需要留意录音中对此物种的具体描述。根据录音开头可知，一种有毒鱼类正在入侵地中海，这种鱼的毒刺足以置人于死地。后面接着提到，在土耳其、塞浦路斯和地中海东部水域都发现了（spotted）这种有毒鱼类。A项表述与录音一致，其中deadly对应录音开头的poisonous和kill a human，spotted in the Mediterranean为原词复现，故正确答案为A。
错项排除：B项利用录音后半部分提到的invasive species（入侵物种）作干扰，但原文只是说这种鱼是具有极度侵略性的物种，并没有说到它们会驱赶本地物种，故B项错误。录音后半部分说到了Devil Firefish，指的就是前文所描述的有毒鱼类，但录音说的是这种鱼正在入侵地中海，由此可知此类鱼是外来入侵物种，所以地中海不是它们的自然栖息地，故排除C项。录音中间说到，这种鱼身上长着毒钩和能致人死亡（capable of killing people）的毒刺。虽然死亡的情况不多见，但这种刺能引发剧烈的疼痛，并使人停止呼吸（cause extreme pain and stop people breathing）。录音所说内容都是这种鱼类可能给人类带来的隐患，并没有说很多人被这种鱼袭击过，故D项错误。
2、Question 2 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、It could add to greenhouse emissions.
B、It could disrupt the food chains there.
C、It could pose a threat to other marine species.
D、It could badly pollute the surrounding waters.
解析：
听力原文
(1)[A poisonous fish which has a sting strong enough to kill a human is invading the Mediterranean, ]warned scientists. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature has raised concerns after (1)[ the poisonous fish was spotted in the waters around Turkey, Cyprus and the eastern Mediterranean.] Native to the South Pacific and Indian Ocean, the potentially deadly fish has poisonous hooks and a painful sting capable of killing people. Although fatalities are rare, the stings can cause extreme pain and stop people breathing. The fish, often known as Devil Firefish, is a highly invasive species, (2)[ and environmentalists fear its arrival could endanger other types of marine life.] After being spotted in the Mediterranean, a marine scientist says, “The fish is spreading, and that’s a cause for concern.”
2. What is the environmentalists’ concern about the spread of Devil Firefish in the Mediterranean?
解析：C。鉴于选项内容均为负面的结果，推测题干可能询问某事物带来的消极影响，听音时需留意。根据录音末尾可知，环保主义者担心它（魔鬼火鱼）的到来会危及其他种类的海洋生物。C项内容与录音表述一致，其中pose a threat是对录音中endanger的同义替换，other marine species是对录音中other types of marine life的同义替换，故正确答案为C。
错项排除：A、B、D三项中的greenhouse emissions、food chains以及pollute the surrounding waters在录音中均未提及，故排除。
3、Question 3 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、Cars will not be allowed to enter the city.
B、About half of its city center will be closed to cars.
C、Buses will be the only vehicles allowed on its streets.
D、Pedestrians will have free access to the city.
解析：
听力原文
(3) [Almost half the center of Paris will be accessible only by foot or bicycle this Sunday to mark World Car-Free Day. ](4)[ This is in response to rising air pollution that made Paris the most polluted city in the world for a brief time.] Mayor Anne Hidalgo promoted the first World Car-Free Day last year. Hidalgo also has supported a Paris Breathes Day. On the first Sunday of every month, Paris clears traffic from eight lanes of the main road. About 400 miles of streets will be closed to cars. It is expected to bring significant reduction in pollution levels. “Last year’s Car-Free Day showed a 40% drop in pollution levels in some parts of the city, according to an independent air pollution monitor,” reports The Guardian, “and sound levels dropped by 50% in the city center.”
3. What will happen on World Car-Free Day in Paris?
解析：B。根据选项中的cars、city和Buses可推测出，问题有可能询问城市的交通状况，听音时需留意对特殊交通情况的描述。录音开头即说到，为了纪念世界无车日，本周日巴黎市中心近一半的地区只允许步行或骑自行车前往。也就是说，市中心大约一半地区禁止汽车通行。B项表述与录音内容一致，其中About half of its city center是对录音中Almost half the center of Paris的同义替换，closed to cars指的就是录音中的be accessible only by foot or bicycle，故正确答案为B。
错项排除：录音开头说到，巴黎市中心近一半的地区（Almost half the center of Paris）只允许步行或自行车通行，并非是整座城市都禁止汽车通行，故A项错误。录音中并没有提到Buses的相关信息，并且在开头就说到，有一半的地区只允许步行或骑自行车前往，并未表示可以乘公交车前往，故C项错误。录音中并没有说到行人可以自由进入这座城市，故D项排除。
4、Question 4 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、The rising air pollution in Paris.
B、The worsening global warming.
C、The ever-growing cost of petrol.
D、The unbearable traffic noise.
解析：
听力原文
(3) [Almost half the center of Paris will be accessible only by foot or bicycle this Sunday to mark World Car-Free Day.] (4)[ This is in response to rising air pollution that made Paris the most polluted city in the world for a brief time. ]Mayor Anne Hidalgo promoted the first World Car-Free Day last year. Hidalgo also has supported a Paris Breathes Day. On the first Sunday of every month, Paris clears traffic from eight lanes of the main road. About 400 miles of streets will be closed to cars. It is expected to bring significant reduction in pollution levels. “Last year’s Car-Free Day showed a 40% drop in pollution levels in some parts of the city, according to an independent air pollution monitor,” reports The Guardian, “and sound levels dropped by 50% in the city center.”
4. What motivated the mayor of Paris to promote the first World Car-Free Day in her city?
解析：A。录音前半部分说到，为了纪念“世界无车日”，巴黎市中心近一半的地区只允许步行或骑自行车前往。这是为了应对日益严重的空气污染问题，空气污染使巴黎一度成为了世界上污染最严重的城市。巴黎市长安妮·伊达尔戈在去年首次推行了“世界无车日”。由此可知，是巴黎日益严重的空气污染促使市长开始推行“世界无车日”。A项表述与录音一致，其中rising air pollution和Paris都是原词复现，故正确答案为A。
错项排除：B、C两项中的global warming和cost of petrol在录音中都未提及，故排除。录音中虽然说到巴黎市长推行世界无车日以减少汽车通行量，但这并不是因为交通噪音，而是因为空气污染加剧，D项中的traffic noise是利用录音中出现的sound设置干扰，但录音中说的是“无车日”的噪音污染减少了50%，这是推行“无车日”带来的结果，并非是因为噪音而推行的“无车日”，故D项错误。
5、Question 5 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、Many of his possessions were stolen.
B、His house was burnt down in a fire.
C、His fishing boat got wrecked on a rock.
D、His good luck charm sank into the sea.
解析：
听力原文
(5) [A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations.] Then, (6) [a good luck charm that he had kept] under his bed changed his life.
The unidentified man had fished out a giant pearl from the ocean when his anchor got stuck on the rock while sailing off a coastal island in the Philippines 10 years ago.
(6) [When he was forced to sell it, ](7) [the shocked tourist agent at Puerto Princesca told him that the 77-pound giant pearl that he had kept hidden in his run-down wooden house was the biggest pearl in the world, which was valued at £76 million.]
The pearl of Allah, which is currently on display in a New York museum, only weighs 14 pounds. That is 5 times smaller than the pearl that the fisherman just handed in.
The monstrous pearl, measured at 1 foot wide and 2.2 feet long, is going to be verified by local experts and international authorities before hopefully going on display to attract more tourists in the little town.
5. What happened to the Philippine fisherman one day?
解析：B。根据选项中的possessions were stolen、house was burnt down、fishing boat got wrecked、sank into the sea等词可推测出，题目有可能询问发生了什么不好的事，听音时需要留意录音中有关不幸经历的描述。录音开头提到，一名菲律宾渔民垂头丧气地感叹自己时运不济，因为房屋失火迫使他清理自己的财物，准备搬家。由此可知，这名渔民的房子在火灾中被烧毁了。B项表述与此一致，其中house和fire为原词复现，故正确答案为B。
错项排除：A项利用录音中出现的possessions进行干扰，但录音说的是，由于房屋发生火灾，这位渔民不得不清理自己的财物（possessions），并没有说他的财产被偷，故A项错误。录音中提到了got stuck on the rock，但说的是船的锚卡在了礁石上，并不是渔船在岩石上撞毁了，故C项错误。D项利用录音中的good luck charm进行干扰，但录音只是说它改变了渔民的生活，并没有说它沉入了大海，故D项错误。
6、Question 6 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、Change his fishing locations.
B、 Find a job in a travel agency.
C、Spend a few nights on a small island.
D、Sell the pearl he had kept for years.
解析：
听力原文
(5) [A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations. ]Then, (6) [a good luck charm that he had kept] under his bed changed his life.
The unidentified man had fished out a giant pearl from the ocean when his anchor got stuck on the rock while sailing off a coastal island in the Philippines 10 years ago.
(6) [When he was forced to sell it, ](7) [the shocked tourist agent at Puerto Princesca told him that the 77-pound giant pearl that he had kept hidden in his run-down wooden house was the biggest pearl in the world, which was valued at £76 million.]
The pearl of Allah, which is currently on display in a New York museum, only weighs 14 pounds. That is 5 times smaller than the pearl that the fisherman just handed in.
The monstrous pearl, measured at 1 foot wide and 2.2 feet long, is going to be verified by local experts and international authorities before hopefully going on display to attract more tourists in the little town.
6. What was the fisherman forced to do?
解析：D。录音中表示，这名渔民十年前在海里捞出了一颗巨大的珍珠，当他房子失火，清理财物不得已要卖掉这颗珍珠时才得知他一直藏在（had kept）自己家里的珍珠是世界上最大的珍珠。D项与此表述一致，其中Sell the pearl指的就是录音中的sell it，for years对应录音前面提到的10 years ago，故D项为正确答案。
错项排除：录音开头提到了change locations，但这里指的是渔民的房屋被烧毁而不得不搬家，locations指的是房屋的地址，并不是捕鱼的地点，故A项错误。录音中间部分提到tourist agent，但这里只是说旅行社告诉这名渔民，他保存的珍珠是世界上最大的，并没有说渔民要在旅行社找工作，Find a job在录音中未提及，故B项错误。录音中间部分提到了a coastal island（一个沿海岛屿），但录音说的是这名渔民在菲律宾一个沿海岛屿附近航行时，船的锚卡在了礁石上，然后从海里捞出了一颗巨大的珍珠；并没有说他被迫在小岛上住了几晚，故C项错误。
7、Question 7 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、A New York museum has the world’s biggest pearl.
B、The largest pearl in the world weighs 14 pounds.
C、His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.
D、His pearl could be displayed in a museum.
解析：
听力原文
(5) [A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations.]Then, (6) [a good luck charm that he had kept] under his bed changed his life.
The unidentified man had fished out a giant pearl from the ocean when his anchor got stuck on the rock while sailing off a coastal island in the Philippines 10 years ago.
(6) [When he was forced to sell it, ](7) [the shocked tourist agent at Puerto Princesca told him that the 77-pound giant pearl that he had kept hidden in his run-down wooden house was the biggest pearl in the world, which was valued at £76 million.]
The pearl of Allah, which is currently on display in a New York museum, only weighs 14 pounds. That is 5 times smaller than the pearl that the fisherman just handed in.
The monstrous pearl, measured at 1 foot wide and 2.2 feet long, is going to be verified by local experts and international authorities before hopefully going on display to attract more tourists in the little town.
7. What did the fisherman learn from the tourist agent?
解析：C。四个选项中都出现了pearl，可推测出题目有可能询问和珍珠有关的信息，听音时需要留意对pearl的细节描述。录音中间部分提到，震惊不已的普林塞萨港的旅行社告诉这名渔民，他藏在自己破旧木屋里的这颗重达77磅的巨型珍珠是世界上最大的珍珠，价值7600万英镑。也就是说，渔夫的这颗巨型珍珠价值连城。C项与此表述一致，其中monstrous pearl是对录音中77-pound giant pearl的同义替换，extremely valuable是对录音中was valued at £76 million的同义替换，故正确答案为C。
错项排除：录音中提到了the biggest pearl in the world和a New York museum，但录音中提到biggest pearl时说的是渔民从海里捞出的珍珠是世界上最大的珍珠，重达77磅。而提到纽约的一家博物馆时说的是，目前在纽约一家博物馆展出的安拉珍珠只有14磅重，比渔民的那颗珍珠要小。由此可知，纽约博物馆里的珍珠并不是世界上最大的珍珠，故A项错误。所以目前世界上最大的珍珠应该是重达77磅，并非14磅，故B项错误。录音最后提到，渔民的珍珠在经过鉴定之后有望进行展示，以吸引更多的游客到小镇来参观，并没有说明是在博物馆里展出，故D项错误。
8、Question 8 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、It boasts a fairly long history.
B、It produces construction materials.
C、It has 75 offices around the world.
D、It has over 50 business partners.
解析：
听力原文
W: Mr. Smith, it’s a pleasure meeting you!
M: Nice to meet you, too. What can I do for you?
W: Well, I’m here to show you what our firm can do for you. Astro Consultants has branches in over 50 countries, offering different business services. (8) [We’re a global company with 75 years of history and our clients include some of the world’s largest companies.]
M: Thank you, Mrs. Houston. I know Astro Consultants is a famous company, but you said you would show me what you could do for me. Well, what exactly can your firm do for my company?
W: We advise businesses on all matters—from market analysis to legal issues. Anything a business like yours could need, our firm offers expert advice. Could I ask you, Mr. Smith, to tell me a little about your company and the challenges you face? That way, I could better respond as to how we can help you.
M: OK, sure. (9) [This is a family business started by my grandfather in 1950.] We employ just over 100 people. We manufacture and export stone for buildings and other constructions. Our clients usually want a special kind of stone cut in a special design, and that’s what we do in our factory. (10) [Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising and we’re losing competitive advantage to stone producers in India.]
W: I see. That’s very interesting. (11) [I would suggest that you let us first conduct a financial analysis of your company,] together with an analysis of your competitors in India. That way, we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you.
8. What do we learn about the woman’s company?
解析：A。根据选项中的long history、produces、offices和business partners，可推测出题目有可能询问某一企业的具体情况，听音时需要留意对话中提及的企业或公司。录音前部分女士提到：我们是一家有着75年历史的国际公司。由此可知，女士所在公司的历史比较悠久。A项表述与此一致，其中a fairly long history是对录音中with 75 years of history的近义替换，故正确答案为A。
错项排除：录音中间部分提到了constructions，但那是男士说自己的公司生产建筑所用的石料，并不是女士公司的业务，故B项错误。录音中女士说到，她所在公司在50多个国家都设有分公司（branches in over 50 countries），提供不同的商业服务，是一家有着75年历史（75 years of history）的国际公司，并非是拥有75个办事处或50多个商业伙伴，故C、D两项错误。
9、Question 9 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、It has about 50 employees.
B、It was started by his father.
C、It is a family business.
D、It is over 100 years old.
解析：
听力原文
W: Mr. Smith, it’s a pleasure meeting you!
M: Nice to meet you, too. What can I do for you?
W: Well, I’m here to show you what our firm can do for you. Astro Consultants has branches in over 50 countries, offering different business services. (8) [We’re a global company with 75 years of history and our clients include some of the world’s largest companies.]
M: Thank you, Mrs. Houston. I know Astro Consultants is a famous company, but you said you would show me what you could do for me. Well, what exactly can your firm do for my company?
W: We advise businesses on all matters—from market analysis to legal issues. Anything a business like yours could need, our firm offers expert advice. Could I ask you, Mr. Smith, to tell me a little about your company and the challenges you face? That way, I could better respond as to how we can help you.
M: OK, sure. (9) [This is a family business started by my grandfather in 1950.] We employ just over 100 people. We manufacture and export stone for buildings and other constructions. Our clients usually want a special kind of stone cut in a special design, and that’s what we do in our factory. (10) [Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising and we’re losing competitive advantage to stone producers in India.]
W: I see. That’s very interesting. (11) [I would suggest that you let us first conduct a financial analysis of your company,] together with an analysis of your competitors in India. That way, we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you.
9. What does the man say about his own company?
解析：C。录音中间部分男士提到：我们公司是我祖父在1950年创办的家族企业。由此可知，男士的公司是家族企业。C项中的a family business为原词复现，故正确答案为C。
错项排除：录音中男士说到，他们雇用了100多名员工，并非大约50名，也不是拥有100多年的历史。fifty是录音开头女士介绍自己公司时提到的数字，指的是她们公司有50多个分公司，故A、D两项错误。男士说到，他的公司是由祖父（grandfather）创办的，并非是父亲（father），故B项错误。
10、Question 10 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Shortage of raw material supply.
B、Legal disputes in many countries.
C、Outdated product design.
D、Loss of competitive edge.
解析：
听力原文
W: Mr. Smith, it’s a pleasure meeting you!
M: Nice to meet you, too. What can I do for you?
W: Well, I’m here to show you what our firm can do for you. Astro Consultants has branches in over 50 countries, offering different business services. (8) [We’re a global company with 75 years of history and our clients include some of the world’s largest companies.]
M: Thank you, Mrs. Houston. I know Astro Consultants is a famous company, but you said you would show me what you could do for me. Well, what exactly can your firm do for my company?
W: We advise businesses on all matters—from market analysis to legal issues. Anything a business like yours could need, our firm offers expert advice. Could I ask you, Mr. Smith, to tell me a little about your company and the challenges you face? That way, I could better respond as to how we can help you.
M: OK, sure. (9) [This is a family business started by my grandfather in 1950.] We employ just over 100 people. We manufacture and export stone for buildings and other constructions. Our clients usually want a special kind of stone cut in a special design, and that’s what we do in our factory. (10) [Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising and we’re losing competitive advantage to stone producers in India.]
W: I see. That’s very interesting. (11) [I would suggest that you let us first conduct a financial analysis of your company,] together with an analysis of your competitors in India. That way, we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you.
10. What is the main problem with the man’s company?
解析：D。录音后半部分男士提到：我们面临的主要挑战是，我们国家的货币正在升值，这使我们逐渐失去竞争优势，从而有可能输给印度的石料生产商。由此可知，男士所在公司的主要问题就是逐渐失去竞争优势。D项与此表述一致，Loss of competitive edge是对原文中we’re losing competitive advantage的同义替换，故正确答案为D。
错项排除：A项在录音中未提及，故排除。B项的Legal disputes利用录音中出现的legal issues设置干扰，但录音中是说女士公司提供的服务，并非男士公司面临的问题，故排除。录音中男士提到design一词，但他说的是他们的客户通常需要那种切割成特殊形状的专用石头，并不是说产品设计过时，故C项错误。
11、Question 11 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、 Conducting a financial analysis for it.
B、Providing training for its staff members.
C、Seeking new ways to increase its exports.
D、 Introducing innovative marketing strategies.
解析：
听力原文
W: Mr. Smith, it’s a pleasure meeting you!
M: Nice to meet you, too. What can I do for you?
W: Well, I’m here to show you what our firm can do for you. Astro Consultants has branches in over 50 countries, offering different business services. (8) [We’re a global company with 75 years of history and our clients include some of the world’s largest companies.]
M: Thank you, Mrs. Houston. I know Astro Consultants is a famous company, but you said you would show me what you could do for me. Well, what exactly can your firm do for my company?
W: We advise businesses on all matters—from market analysis to legal issues. Anything a business like yours could need, our firm offers expert advice. Could I ask you, Mr. Smith, to tell me a little about your company and the challenges you face? That way, I could better respond as to how we can help you.
M: OK, sure. (9) [This is a family business started by my grandfather in 1950.] We employ just over 100 people. We manufacture and export stone for buildings and other constructions. Our clients usually want a special kind of stone cut in a special design, and that’s what we do in our factory. (10) [Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising and we’re losing competitive advantage to stone producers in India.]
W: I see. That’s very interesting. (11) [I would suggest that you let us first conduct a financial analysis of your company,] together with an analysis of your competitors in India. That way, we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you.
11. What does the woman suggest doing to help the man’s company?
解析：A。录音末尾女士说到：我建议您允许我们先做一份贵公司的财务分析，同时也对您在印度的竞争对手做一下分析。由此可知，女士建议先为男士的公司进行财务分析。A项表述与此一致，选项内容几乎为原词复现，故正确答案为A。
错项排除：录音中虽然出现了有关“员工”（employ just over 100 people），“出口”（export）和“市场”（market analysis）相关的内容，但都不是女士针对男士公司提出的建议，故排除B、C、D三项。
12、Question 12 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、She is a real expert at house decorations.
B、She is well informed about the design business.
C、She is attracted by the color of the sitting room.
D、She is really impressed by the man’s house.
解析：
听力原文
W: (12) [Wow, congratulations, Simon! The place looks absolutely amazing.]
M: Really? You think so?
W: Of course. I love it! It looks like you had a professional interior designer. But you didn’t, did you?
M: No. I did it all by myself with a little help from my brother Greg. He’s actually in the construction business, which was really helpful.
W: (12) [Well, honestly, I’m impressed.] I know I could probably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or something, but not a full renovation. Where did you get your ideas? I wouldn’t know where to start.
M: (13) [Well, for a while now, I’ve been regularly buying home design magazines. Every now and then, I’d saved a picture I liked.] Believe it or not, I had a full notebook of magazine pages. Since my overall style was quite minimal, I thought and hoped a whole renovation wouldn’t be too difficult. And sure enough, with Greg’s help, it was very achievable.
W: Was it very expensive? I have imagined a project like this could be.
M: (14) [Actually, it was surprisingly affordable.] I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture and put that extra money towards the new material. Greg was also able to get some discount materials from a recent project he was working on as well.
W: Great! If you don’t mind, I’d like to pick your brain a bit more. Jonathan and I are thinking of renovating our sitting room, not the whole house, not yet anyway. (15) [And we’d love to get some inspiration from your experience. ]Are you free to come over for a coffee early next week?
12. What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
解析：D。四个选项均以She开头，可推测题目会询问对话中女士的相关信息，听音时需要留意女士的描述。录音开头女士就说到，男士的房子看起来非常棒，像是请了专业室内设计师，随后说到她对男士新装修的房子感到很震撼（impressed）。D项内容与录音表述一致，impressed为原词复现，由录音中的place和a professional interior designer也可推断出女士是在夸赞男士新装修的房子，故正确答案为D。
错项排除：录音开头女士提到了a professional interior designer（专业的室内设计师），但女士说的是男士自己装修的房子像是请了专业设计师，并没有说她自己是个专业的室内设计师，故A项错误。录音中女士提到，她打算把自己的屋子也重新粉刷一遍，并没有说她对设计业务了如指掌，录音前面出现了construction business，但这说的是男士的兄弟格雷格在建筑行业工作，而且construction business（建筑业务）并不等同于design business（设计业务），故B项错误。录音末尾女士提到了sitting room，但她说的是她打算重新装修客厅，并没有说她被男士客厅的颜色所吸引，color在录音中未提及，故C项错误。
13、Question 13 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、From his younger brother Greg.
B、From home design magazines.
C、From a construction businessman.
D、From a professional interior designer.
解析：
听力原文
W: (12) [Wow, congratulations, Simon! The place looks absolutely amazing.]
M: Really? You think so?
W: Of course. I love it! It looks like you had a professional interior designer. But you didn’t, did you?
M: No. I did it all by myself with a little help from my brother Greg. He’s actually in the construction business, which was really helpful.
W: (12) [Well, honestly, I’m impressed.] I know I could probably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or something, but not a full renovation. Where did you get your ideas? I wouldn’t know where to start.
M: (13) [Well, for a while now, I’ve been regularly buying home design magazines. Every now and then, I’d saved a picture I liked.] Believe it or not, I had a full notebook of magazine pages. Since my overall style was quite minimal, I thought and hoped a whole renovation wouldn’t be too difficult. And sure enough, with Greg’s help, it was very achievable.
W: Was it very expensive? I have imagined a project like this could be.
M: (14) [Actually, it was surprisingly affordable.] I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture and put that extra money towards the new material. Greg was also able to get some discount materials from a recent project he was working on as well.
W: Great! If you don’t mind, I’d like to pick your brain a bit more. Jonathan and I are thinking of renovating our sitting room, not the whole house, not yet anyway. (15) [And we’d love to get some inspiration from your experience. ]Are you free to come over for a coffee early next week?
13. Where did the man get his ideas for the project?
解析：B。录音中间部分女士问男士，他的装修设计灵感是从哪里来的，男士说他一直在定期购买家居设计杂志，还会把喜欢的照片保存下来。由此可知，男士的装修灵感是从家居设计杂志中得来的，home design magazines为原词复现，故正确答案为B。
错项排除：录音开头男士提到了他的兄弟格雷格，但他说的是他自己在装修房子的时候格雷格给他提供了一些帮助，并没有说装修灵感是从格雷格那里获得的，故A项错误。录音开头男士提到了construction business，但说的是他的兄弟格雷格在建筑行业工作，与construction businessman毫无关联，故C项错误。录音开头女士提到了a professional interior designer，但那是女士夸赞男士的装修像是请了专业的室内设计师，并不是说男士的装修灵感是从专业室内设计师那里得来的，故D项错误。
14、Question 14 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、The effort was worthwhile.
B、The style was fashionable.
C、The cost was affordable.
D、The effect was unexpected.
解析：
听力原文
W: (12) [Wow, congratulations, Simon! The place looks absolutely amazing.]
M: Really? You think so?
W: Of course. I love it! It looks like you had a professional interior designer. But you didn’t, did you?
M: No. I did it all by myself with a little help from my brother Greg. He’s actually in the construction business, which was really helpful.
W: (12) [Well, honestly, I’m impressed.] I know I could probably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or something, but not a full renovation. Where did you get your ideas? I wouldn’t know where to start.
M: (13) [Well, for a while now, I’ve been regularly buying home design magazines. Every now and then, I’d saved a picture I liked.] Believe it or not, I had a full notebook of magazine pages. Since my overall style was quite minimal, I thought and hoped a whole renovation wouldn’t be too difficult. And sure enough, with Greg’s help, it was very achievable.
W: Was it very expensive? I have imagined a project like this could be.
M: (14) [Actually, it was surprisingly affordable.] I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture and put that extra money towards the new material. Greg was also able to get some discount materials from a recent project he was working on as well.
W: Great! If you don’t mind, I’d like to pick your brain a bit more. Jonathan and I are thinking of renovating our sitting room, not the whole house, not yet anyway. (15) [And we’d love to get some inspiration from your experience. ]Are you free to come over for a coffee early next week?
14. What did the man say about the project he recently completed?
解析：C。录音后半部分女士问男士整体装修的花费贵不贵，男士回答说自己没想到整个装修下来能这么便宜，C项中affordable为原词复现，故正确答案为C。
错项排除：录音中虽然女士盛赞男士的装修，但男士并没有说努力都是值得的，A项属于主观臆断，故排除。录音中间部分男士说到整体装修风格是非常简约的（style was quite minimal），并非时尚的（fashionable），故B项错误。录音后半部分男士说到整体装修的花费是出乎意料地便宜（surprisingly affordable），并非是效果出乎意料，故D项错误。
15、Question 15 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、She’d like him to talk with Jonathan about a new project.
B、She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.
C、She wants to discuss the house decoration budget with him.
D、She’d like to show him around her newly-renovated house.
解析：
听力原文
W: (12) [Wow, congratulations, Simon! The place looks absolutely amazing.]
M: Really? You think so?
W: Of course. I love it! It looks like you had a professional interior designer. But you didn’t, did you?
M: No. I did it all by myself with a little help from my brother Greg. He’s actually in the construction business, which was really helpful.
W: (12) [Well, honestly, I’m impressed.] I know I could probably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or something, but not a full renovation. Where did you get your ideas? I wouldn’t know where to start.
M: (13) [Well, for a while now, I’ve been regularly buying home design magazines. Every now and then, I’d saved a picture I liked.] Believe it or not, I had a full notebook of magazine pages. Since my overall style was quite minimal, I thought and hoped a whole renovation wouldn’t be too difficult. And sure enough, with Greg’s help, it was very achievable.
W: Was it very expensive? I have imagined a project like this could be.
M: (14) [Actually, it was surprisingly affordable.] I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture and put that extra money towards the new material. Greg was also able to get some discount materials from a recent project he was working on as well.
W: Great! If you don’t mind, I’d like to pick your brain a bit more. Jonathan and I are thinking of renovating our sitting room, not the whole house, not yet anyway. (15) [And we’d love to get some inspiration from your experience. ]Are you free to come over for a coffee early next week?
15. Why does the woman invite the man to her house next week?
解析：B。四个选项开头均是She’d like him或She wants him，可推测出题目有可能询问女士想让男士做什么，听音时需要留意女士提出的请求。录音最后女士说到，她想向男士再请教一些装修房子的事情，因为她打算装修自己的客厅。随后说到她希望能从男士的经验中得到一些灵感，并邀请男士下周早些时候到她家去喝咖啡。由此可知，女士邀请男士去她家，是想让男士分享一下他的装修经验，B项是对此内容的同义转述，故正确答案为B。
错项排除：录音最后女士提到：乔纳森和我打算重新装修一下我们的客厅，并不是让男士和乔纳森谈一个新项目，project在录音中两次被提及，但说的分别是女士想象的装修和格雷格的工程项目，并非A项所指，故A项错误。C项中的decoration budget在录音中并未提及，故排除。女士说到她打算装修她的客厅，希望男士分享一些装修经验，由此可知女士的房子还没有装修，故D项错误。
16、Question 16 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Providing routine care for small children.
B、Paying hospital bills for emergency cases.
C、Doing research on ear, nose and throat diseases.
D、Removing objects from patients’ noses and ears.
解析：
听力原文
(16) [Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost £3 million a year, a study suggests.] Children were responsible for the vast majority of cases—95% of objects removed from noses and 85% from ears. Every year, an average of 1,218 nose and 2,479 ear removals took place between 2010 and 2016. (17) [According to England’s Hospital Episodes Statistics, children aged 1 to 4 were the most likely to need help from doctors for a foreign object in their nose. Five- to nine-year-olds come to the hospital with something in their ears the most.] Jewelry items accounted for up to 40% of cases in both the ears and noses of children. Paper and plastic toys were the items removed next most from noses. Cotton buds and pencils were also found in ears.
(18) [According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity.] Children have an impulse to explore their noses and ears. This results in the accidental entry of foreign objects. Any ear, nose and throat surgeon has many weird stories about wonderful objects found in the noses and ears of children and adults. Batteries can pose a particular danger. In all cases, prevention is better than cure. This is why many toys contain warnings about small parts. Recognising problems early and seeking medical attention is important.
16. What does England spend an annual £3 million on?
解析：D。录音开头提到，一项研究表明，英国人每年要花费近300万英镑清除耳朵和鼻子里的异物。D项内容与此表述一致，关键词几乎全部复现，故正确答案为D。
错项排除：A、B两项在录音中未提及，故排除。录音后半部分提到了ear, nose and throat surgeon，但说的是耳鼻喉外科医生，并不是说英国花300万英镑进行耳鼻喉疾病研究，故C项错误。
17、Question 17 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Many children like to smell things they find or play with.
B、Many children like to put foreign objects in their mouths.
C、Five- to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears.
D、Children aged one to four are often more curious than older children.
解析：
听力原文
(16) [Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost £3 million a year, a study suggests.] Children were responsible for the vast majority of cases—95% of objects removed from noses and 85% from ears. Every year, an average of 1,218 nose and 2,479 ear removals took place between 2010 and 2016. (17) [According to England’s Hospital Episodes Statistics, children aged 1 to 4 were the most likely to need help from doctors for a foreign object in their nose. Five- to nine-year-olds come to the hospital with something in their ears the most.] Jewelry items accounted for up to 40% of cases in both the ears and noses of children. Paper and plastic toys were the items removed next most from noses. Cotton buds and pencils were also found in ears.
(18) [According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity.] Children have an impulse to explore their noses and ears. This results in the accidental entry of foreign objects. Any ear, nose and throat surgeon has many weird stories about wonderful objects found in the noses and ears of children and adults. Batteries can pose a particular danger. In all cases, prevention is better than cure. This is why many toys contain warnings about small parts. Recognising problems early and seeking medical attention is important.
17. What do we learn from England’s Hospital Episodes Statistics?
解析：C。根据选项中的children、Five- to nine-year-olds和Children aged one to four，可推测题目有可能询问和孩子相关的信息，听音时需要注意对于不同年龄段孩子的具体描述。录音中间提到，根据英国医院的病例统计数据，五到九岁的孩子去医院时，最有可能是因为耳朵里有东西而需要医生帮助。C项内容与此表述一致，其中Five- to nine-year-olds和the most为原词复现，put things in their ears是对录音中something in their ears的同义替换，故正确答案为C。
错项排除：A项在录音中未提及，故排除。录音中提到儿童有探索自己鼻子和耳朵的冲动，并解释说这往往会导致异物（foreign objects）意外进入，需要注意这里异物进入的是前一句所说的鼻子和耳朵（noses and ears），而不是B项的mouths，故B项错误。录音中间提到，一到四岁的儿童最有可能因为鼻子里有异物而需要医生的帮助，并没有说他们比年龄大一点的孩子更有好奇心，故D项错误。
18、Question 18 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They tend to act out of impulse.
B、They want to attract attention.
C、They are unaware of the potential risks.
D、They are curious about these body parts.
解析：
听力原文
(16) [Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost £3 million a year, a study suggests.] Children were responsible for the vast majority of cases—95% of objects removed from noses and 85% from ears. Every year, an average of 1,218 nose and 2,479 ear removals took place between 2010 and 2016. (17) [According to England’s Hospital Episodes Statistics, children aged 1 to 4 were the most likely to need help from doctors for a foreign object in their nose. Five- to nine-year-olds come to the hospital with something in their ears the most.] Jewelry items accounted for up to 40% of cases in both the ears and noses of children. Paper and plastic toys were the items removed next most from noses. Cotton buds and pencils were also found in ears.
(18) [According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity.] Children have an impulse to explore their noses and ears. This results in the accidental entry of foreign objects. Any ear, nose and throat surgeon has many weird stories about wonderful objects found in the noses and ears of children and adults. Batteries can pose a particular danger. In all cases, prevention is better than cure. This is why many toys contain warnings about small parts. Recognising problems early and seeking medical attention is important.
18. What is generally believed to account for children putting things in their ears or noses?
解析：D。录音后半部分提到，根据研究，儿童身体里出现异物一般都是好奇心导致的。D项内容与此表述一致，其中的curious是对录音中curiosity的同义替换，故正确答案为D。
错项排除：录音后半部分提到了impulse，但录音说的是孩子们有一种探索自己鼻子和耳朵的冲动，并不是说他们倾向于冲动行事，故A项错误。录音最后提到了attention，但录音说的是及早发现问题并寻求医治（medical attention）是至关重要的，录音中的attention指的是治疗，并不是说孩子们想引起注意，故B项错误。录音中提到了danger，但说的是电池尤其危险，并不是说孩子们没有意识到潜在的风险，故C项错误。
19、Question 19 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、It paid for her English lessons.
B、It gave her a used bicycle.
C、It delivered her daily necessities.
D、It provided her with physical therapy.
解析：
听力原文
Good morning. Today, (21) [I would like to talk to you about my charity ReBicycle.] But before that, let me introduce someone. This is Leila Rahimi. She was so scared when she first moved to New Zealand that she struggled to leave the house, and would spend days working up the courage to walk to the supermarket for basic supplies. After a few months of being quite down and unhappy, she was invited to join a local bike club. (19) [At this time, ReBicycle got involved and gave Leila a second-hand bicycle. Within weeks, her depression had begun to ease as she cycled.] The bicycle totally changed her life, giving her hope and a true feeling of freedom.
(20) [To date, ReBicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need, and is now expanding bike-riding lessons as demand soars.] With a bike, newcomers here can travel farther, but for almost no cost. The 3 hours a day they used to spend walking to and from English language lessons has been reduced to just 1 hour.
(21) [Our bike-riding lessons are so successful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers.] Learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult for an adult, and this can take days and weeks rather than hours. So if any of you have some free time during the weekend, please come join us at ReBicycle and make a difference in someone’s life.
19. What did ReBicycle do to help Leila Rahimi?
解析：B。录音开头说到莱拉·拉希米刚搬到新西兰的时候非常害怕以至于不敢出门，随后录音中间部分说到，ReBicycle送给了莱拉一辆二手自行车，经过几周的骑行后，她的抑郁症状开始减轻。由此可知，ReBicycle送给莱拉一辆旧自行车来帮助她。B项内容与此表述一致，其中gave为原词复现，used bicycle是对录音中second-hand bicycle的同义替换，故正确答案为B。
错项排除：录音中间提到了English language lessons，但这里说的是人们有了自行车后，过去每天花三个小时步行去上英语课，现在减少到只需要一个小时，并没有说帮莱拉支付了课程费用，故A项错误。录音开头提到了basic supplies，C项利用近义词daily necessities设置干扰，但录音说的是莱拉·拉希米花了几天的时间才鼓起勇气走到超市去买一些基本的生活用品，并不是说ReBicycle为她运送日常必需品，故C项错误。录音中虽然提到莱拉在经过几周的骑行后，她的抑郁症状开始减轻，但这不属于物理治疗，而更多是一种影响，故排除D项。
20、Question 20 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Expanding bike-riding lessons.
B、Asking local people for donations.
C、Providing free public transport.
D、Offering walking tours to visitors.
解析：
听力原文
Good morning. Today, (21) [I would like to talk to you about my charity ReBicycle.] But before that, let me introduce someone. This is Leila Rahimi. She was so scared when she first moved to New Zealand that she struggled to leave the house, and would spend days working up the courage to walk to the supermarket for basic supplies. After a few months of being quite down and unhappy, she was invited to join a local bike club. (19) [At this time, ReBicycle got involved and gave Leila a second-hand bicycle. Within weeks, her depression had begun to ease as she cycled.] The bicycle totally changed her life, giving her hope and a true feeling of freedom.
(20) [To date, ReBicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need, and is now expanding bike-riding lessons as demand soars.] With a bike, newcomers here can travel farther, but for almost no cost. The 3 hours a day they used to spend walking to and from English language lessons has been reduced to just 1 hour.
(21) [Our bike-riding lessons are so successful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers.] Learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult for an adult, and this can take days and weeks rather than hours. So if any of you have some free time during the weekend, please come join us at ReBicycle and make a difference in someone’s life.
20. What is ReBicycle doing to help those in need?
解析：A。录音中间部分说到，ReBicycle已经向有需要的人捐赠了200多辆自行车，由于需求激增，现在ReBicycle正在扩大自行车骑行课程的规模。A项内容全部复现，故正确答案为A。
错项排除：B项利用donations进行干扰，但录音中说的是ReBicycle已经捐赠（donated）了200多辆自行车，并不是让当地人捐款，故排除。录音中间提到了travel farther和no cost，但此处说的是有了自行车，新搬来的人出门时可以走得更远，录音中的no cost表示骑行几乎不需要成本，并非C项所说的免费（free）的公共交通；而travel表示“出行”，并非D项所说的为游客提供徒步旅行（walking tours）服务，故C、D两项错误。
21、Question 21 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、It is a language school.
B、It is a charity organization.
C、It is a counseling center.
D、It is a sports club.
解析：
听力原文
Good morning. Today, (21) [I would like to talk to you about my charity ReBicycle.] But before that, let me introduce someone. This is Leila Rahimi. She was so scared when she first moved to New Zealand that she struggled to leave the house, and would spend days working up the courage to walk to the supermarket for basic supplies. After a few months of being quite down and unhappy, she was invited to join a local bike club. (19) [At this time, ReBicycle got involved and gave Leila a second-hand bicycle. Within weeks, her depression had begun to ease as she cycled.] The bicycle totally changed her life, giving her hope and a true feeling of freedom.
(20) [To date, ReBicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need, and is now expanding bike-riding lessons as demand soars.] With a bike, newcomers here can travel farther, but for almost no cost. The 3 hours a day they used to spend walking to and from English language lessons has been reduced to just 1 hour.
(21) [Our bike-riding lessons are so successful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers.] Learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult for an adult, and this can take days and weeks rather than hours. So if any of you have some free time during the weekend, please come join us at ReBicycle and make a difference in someone’s life.
21. What do we learn from the passage about ReBicycle?
解析：B。录音开头讲话者就说到：我今天要谈谈我所在的慈善组织ReBicycle，由此可知ReBicycle是一家慈善组织。B项与此表述一致，charity为原词复现，故正确答案为B。本题为主旨题，录音开头句即为文章主旨，通过录音后面提到的donated和volunteers也可推知ReBicycle是一家慈善组织。
错项排除：录音中间提到了English language lessons，但这里说的是人们有了自行车，去上英语课所花费的时间减少了，和语言学习没有关系，故A项错误。C项中的counseling center在录音中未提及，故排除。录音中多次出现bicycle、bike-riding lessons以及cycled，但这只是说ReBicycle这家慈善机构通过捐赠自行车和教人们骑自行车来帮助他们出行，和体育俱乐部没有关系，故D项错误。
22、Question 22 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、How mice imitate human behavior in space.
B、How low gravity affects the human body.
C、How mice interact in a new environment.
D、How animals deal with lack of gravity.
解析：
听力原文
Thanks to the International Space Station, we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body, (22) [but NASA scientists want to learn more. To that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity,] specifically focusing on mice. The results are both interesting and humorous.
The scientists first sent some mice in a specially designed cage to the International Space Station. The cage allowed them to study the behavior of the mice remotely from Earth via video. As you’ll notice in the video, (23) [the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment.] They move around clumsily, drifting within the small confines of the cage and do their best to figure out which way is up, but without success. However, it’s not long before the mice begin to catch on. They adapt remarkably well to their new environment and even use the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage.
That’s when things really get wild. (24) [The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change but actually seem to be enjoying it.] Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls.
The scientists wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on Earth. (25) [The study showed that the mice kept much of their routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry.]
22. What do NASA scientists want to learn about?
解析：D。录音开头提到，我们知道了许多关于低重力对人体的影响。但是NASA（美国国家航空航天局）的科学家还想了解更多。为此，他们一直在研究其他物种是如何应对低重力情况的。由此可知，NASA的科学家想了解动物是如何应对失重的。D项内容与此表述一致，其中animals是对录音中other species的同义替换，deal with lack of gravity对应录音中的deal with low gravity，故正确答案为D。
错项排除：录音开头提到了human body和mice，但录音说的是，关于低重力对人体的影响，我们有了相当多的了解，而科学家还想知道的是老鼠如何应对低重力，而不是已知的低重力对人体的影响或者是老鼠如何模仿人类在太空中的行为，故A、B两项错误。录音中间部分提到了new environment，但此处说的是老鼠可以很好地适应新环境，并不是说科学家想了解老鼠如何在新环境中交流，故C项错误。
23、Question 23 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They were not used to the low-gravity environment.
B、They found it difficult to figure out where they were.
C、They found the space in the cage too small to stay in.
D、They were not sensitive to the changed environment.
解析：
听力原文
Thanks to the International Space Station, we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body, (22) [but NASA scientists want to learn more. To that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity,] specifically focusing on mice. The results are both interesting and humorous.
The scientists first sent some mice in a specially designed cage to the International Space Station. The cage allowed them to study the behavior of the mice remotely from Earth via video. As you’ll notice in the video, (23) [the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment.] They move around clumsily, drifting within the small confines of the cage and do their best to figure out which way is up, but without success. However, it’s not long before the mice begin to catch on. They adapt remarkably well to their new environment and even use the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage.
That’s when things really get wild. (24) [The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change but actually seem to be enjoying it.] Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls.
The scientists wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on Earth. (25) [The study showed that the mice kept much of their routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry.]
23. What does the passage say about the mice at the beginning of the experiment?
解析：A。录音中间说到，在实验开始的时候，老鼠显然不太舒服。由此可知，在实验开始时，老鼠是不习惯这种低重力环境的，故正确答案为A，其中not used to对是录音中uncomfortable的同义替换。
错项排除：录音中间提到了figure out，但此处说的是老鼠想尽办法想弄清楚哪边是朝上的，并没有说它们很难弄明白自己在哪里，故B项错误。录音中间说到了small confines of the cage，但这里是说老鼠在笼子狭小的空间里笨拙地移动着，并不是说笼子太小，无法待在里面，故C项错误。录音中说到，在实验一开始老鼠明显不太舒服，说明它们对变化的环境是敏感的，故D项错误。
24、Question 24 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They tried everything possible to escape from the cage.
B、They continued to behave as they did in the beginning.
C、They already felt at home in the new environment.
D、They had found a lot more activities to engage in.
解析：
听力原文
Thanks to the International Space Station, we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body, (22) [but NASA scientists want to learn more. To that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity,] specifically focusing on mice. The results are both interesting and humorous.
The scientists first sent some mice in a specially designed cage to the International Space Station. The cage allowed them to study the behavior of the mice remotely from Earth via video. As you’ll notice in the video, (23) [the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment.] They move around clumsily, drifting within the small confines of the cage and do their best to figure out which way is up, but without success. However, it’s not long before the mice begin to catch on. They adapt remarkably well to their new environment and even use the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage.
That’s when things really get wild. (24) [The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change but actually seem to be enjoying it.] Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls.
The scientists wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on Earth. (25) [The study showed that the mice kept much of their routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry.]
24. What was observed about the mice on the 11th day of the experiment?
解析：C。录音后半部分说到，实验的第11天显示，老鼠不仅能适应重力变化，而且似乎乐在其中。也就是说，它们已经在新环境中感到自在。C项内容与此表述一致，其中felt at home是对enjoying it的同义替换，故正确答案为C。
错项排除：录音中间部分说到，老鼠是在想尽办法弄清楚哪边是朝上的，并不是想办法从笼子里逃出来，escape在录音中未提及，故排除A项。录音中说到，在实验一开始时老鼠感到很不舒服，到了第11天它们开始适应重力变化，而且似乎还乐在其中。由此可知，老鼠并没有保持它们一开始时的行为，故B项错误。录音最后提到了activities，但此处说的是科学家想看看这些老鼠是否会继续保持它们在地球上时固有的那些行为习惯，并不是说老鼠发现有更多的活动可以尝试，故D项错误。
25、Question 25 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They repeated their activities every day.
B、They behaved as if they were on Earth.
C、They began to eat less after some time.
D、They changed their routines in space.
解析：
听力原文
Thanks to the International Space Station, we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body, (22) [but NASA scientists want to learn more. To that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity,] specifically focusing on mice. The results are both interesting and humorous.
The scientists first sent some mice in a specially designed cage to the International Space Station. The cage allowed them to study the behavior of the mice remotely from Earth via video. As you’ll notice in the video, (23) [the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment.] They move around clumsily, drifting within the small confines of the cage and do their best to figure out which way is up, but without success. However, it’s not long before the mice begin to catch on. They adapt remarkably well to their new environment and even use the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage.
That’s when things really get wild. (24) [The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change but actually seem to be enjoying it.] Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls.
The scientists wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on Earth. (25) [The study showed that the mice kept much of their routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry.]
25. What did the scientists find about the mice from the experiment?
解析：B。录音最后说到，科学家想看看这些老鼠是否会继续保持它们在地球上时固有的那些行为习惯。研究表明，老鼠的日常活动基本没变，包括自己理毛以及在饥饿的时候进食。由此可知，老鼠的表现和在地球上并无二致，故正确答案为B。
错项排除：录音最后提到老鼠的日常活动基本没变，但这说的是老鼠在太空的活动和在地球上一样，并不是每天重复一样的活动，A项中repeated一词没有依据，故排除。录音最后还提到老鼠在饥饿时会进食（eating when hungry），并没有提到它们进食减少，故C项排除。录音中明确说到，老鼠还是继续保持（kept）着它们的日常活动，并没有发生什么变化，故D项错误。
二、Part III Reading Comprehension
The things people make, and the way they make them, determine how cities grow and decline, and influence how empires rise and fall. So, any disruption to the world’s factories (26)_____ . And that disruption is surely coming. Factories are being digitised, filled with new sensors and new computers to make them quicker, more (27)_____, and more efficient.
Robots are breaking free from the cages that surround them, learning new skills and new ways of working. And 3D printers have long (28)_____ a world where you can make anything, anywhere, from a computerised design. That vision is (29)_____ closer to reality. These forces will lead to cleaner factories, producing better goods at lower prices, personalised to our individual needs and desires. Humans will be (30)_____many of the dirty, repetitive, and dangerous jobs that have long been a (31)_____ of factory life.
Greater efficiency (32)_____ means fewer people can do the same work. Yet factory bosses in many developed countries are worried about a lack of skilled workers—and see (33)_____ and robots as a solution. But economist Helena Leurent says this period of rapid change in manufacturing is a (34)_____ opportunity to make the world a better place. “Manufacturing is the one system where you have got the biggest source of innovation, the biggest source of economic growth, and the biggest source of great jobs in the past. You can see it changing. That’s an opportunity to (35)_____ that system differently, and if we can, it will have tremendous significance.”
26、(1)
A、interaction
B、inevitably
C、shape
D、moving
E、matters
F、enormously
G、leaning
H、automation
I、fascinated
J、flexible
K、promised
L、spared
M、fantastic
N、feature
O、concerns
解析：
名词
automation 自动化
concerns (-s) 担心，忧虑
feature 特色，特征
interaction 相互作用
leaning 倾向；爱好
matters (-s) 物质；事件
shape形状；模型
动词
concerns (-s) 影响；涉及到
fascinated (-ed) 使着迷；使陶醉
feature 以……为特色
leaning (-ing) 倾斜；倚靠
matters (-s) 有关系；要紧
moving (-ing) 移动；搬家
promised (-ed) 答应；预示
shape 形成；成长
spared (-ed) 抽出；免去
形容词
fantastic 极好的；奇异的
fascinated 着迷的
flexible 灵活的；柔韧的
moving 移动的；感人的
副词
enormously非常；极其
inevitably 必然地
26. matters
解析：动词辨析题。空格所在句缺少谓语动词，因此空格处应填入动词作谓语。文章叙述时态为一般现在时，空格所在句主语为第三人称单数，因此空格处应填入动词的三单形式。文章首句说到，人类的生产以及生产方式决定了城市的兴衰，也影响着帝国的起落。由此可知工厂生产起着重要作用。空格所在句意为，任何对世界工厂的干扰都____，由此可推断空格处应填入一个表示影响重大的动词。在动词选项中，matters从形式和词义上都符合题意，填入空格表示，任何对世界工厂的干扰都举足轻重，与上下文意思一致，故matters为正确答案。
27. flexible
解析：形容词辨析题。空格所在句主干成分完整，空格和前面的more一同构成动词make的宾语补足语，因此more____与前面的quicker和后面的more efficient为并列成分，由此可知空格处应填入形容词。空格所在句意为，工厂正在逐步迈向数字化，装配的新型传感器和新型计算机使工厂可以更快、更____、更高效地运作。由此可知空格处应填入一个表示积极含义的形容词，在形容词选项中，符合的只有fantastic和flexible，但fantastic表示“极好的”，语义比较宽泛，不如flexible具体。将flexible填入空格中，表示“更灵活地运作”，与quicker和more efficient语义上更匹配，故为正确答案。
28. promised
解析：动词辨析题。空格所在句谓语成分不完整，空格处需要填入动词的过去分词形式与空格前的have共同构成现在完成时。空格所在句意为，此外，3D打印机早就____，在未来世界里，人们可以通过计算机化的设计，不受空间限制地制造任何物品。在过去分词选项中，只有promised代入空格表示“3D打印机早就预示着”，构成合理语义，为正确答案。
29. moving
解析：动词辨析题。空格处位于系动词is之后，形容词closer之前，故空格处可填入动词的现在分词形式或副词。空格所在句意为，这一愿景____接近现实。本句中的The vision 指的是前一句所描述的未来世界，由此可知愿景是在逐步靠近现实的。再根据前文写到的Factories are being digitised...和Robots are breaking free可知，各种科技发展都在向现实靠拢。因此空格处应填入表示“逐步靠近”的动词现在分词形式。在现在分词选项中，moving代入空格，moving closer可表示逐渐接近，构成合理语义，为正确答案。enormously（非常；极其）干扰性较强，代入空格中并无语法问题，但从语义角度分析，通过上下文的意思并不能得出“这一愿景是非常接近现实的”。前文说到“工厂正逐步迈向数字化”和“机器人正逐步挣脱牢笼”，在本句中“愿景正逐渐靠近现实”更加贴合文章语义，故排除enormously。
30. spared
解析：动词辨析题。空格位于will be之后，由此可知空格处应填入形容词或动词的过去分词。空格所在句前一句意为，这些驱动力能使工厂更加干净，以更低的成本生产更好的产品，满足个性化的需求和愿望。空格所在句意为，人类将____许多脏活以及重复和危险的工作。结合这两句可推知，人类应该是无需再做许多脏活以及重复和危险的工作。故空格处应填入含有“避免；无需做”意义的词，spared代入空格表示“人类可免于许多脏活以及重复和危险的工作”，构成合理语义，为正确答案。
31. feature
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为不定冠词a，空格后为介词of，由此可推断空格处应填入名词的单数形式，构成a...of的名词短语。空格所在句意为，人类将免去许多脏活以及重复和危险的工作，这些工作长期以来一直都是工厂生活的____。名词单数的选项中，feature填入空格表示“脏活以及重复和危险的工作一直都是工厂生活的特征”，符合上下文语义，故feature为正确答案。
32. inevitably
解析：副词辨析题。空格所在句主干成分完整，空格位于主语和谓语动词之间，由此推测空格处应填入副词修饰动词。空格所在句意为，高效____意味着相同的工作，需要的人手更少。由此可知，效率的提高一定是更少的人就能完成相同的工作。在副词选项中，inevitably代入空格表示二者之间的必然性，构成合理语义，为正确答案。
33. automation
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为动词see，空格后为and robots，由此可知，空格处应填入与robots并列的名词，共同作see的宾语，构成see...as...词组。空格所在句意为，然而，许多发达国家的工厂老板担心缺乏熟练的技术工人，进而把____和机器人视为解决方案。在名词选项中，只有automation（自动化）能和robots（机器人）构成并列语义，故automation为正确答案。
34. fantastic
解析：形容词辨析题。空格所在句主干成分完整，空格前为不定冠词a，空格后为名词opportunity，由此推测空格处应填入形容词修饰名词。空格所在句意为，但经济学家海伦娜·勒朗表示，制造业的快速变化期是一个让世界变得更美好的____机会。在形容词选项中，fantastic代入空格表示“一个绝佳的机会”，构成合理语义，为正确答案。
35. shape
解析：动词辨析题。空格前为an opportunity to，空格后为that system，由此推知空格处应填入动词原形。空格所在句意为，现在有了不一样地____这一行业的机会，如果我们能成功，这将具有重大的意义。由前文可知，技术的发展促进了制造业的各种变化，这正是重塑这一行业的机会。在符合条件的动词选项中，只有shape代入空格可构成合理语义，表示“重塑这一行业”，符合题意，为正确答案。
27、(2)
A、interaction
B、inevitably
C、shape
D、moving
E、matters
F、enormously
G、leaning
H、automation
I、fascinated
J、flexible
K、promised
L、spared
M、fantastic
N、feature
O、concerns
解析：见上一题！
28、(3)
A、interaction
B、inevitably
C、shape
D、moving
E、matters
F、enormously
G、leaning
H、automation
I、fascinated
J、flexible
K、promised
L、spared
M、fantastic
N、feature
O、concerns
解析：见上一题！
29、(4)
A、interaction
B、inevitably
C、shape
D、moving
E、matters
F、enormously
G、leaning
H、automation
I、fascinated
J、flexible
K、promised
L、spared
M、fantastic
N、feature
O、concerns
解析：见上一题！
30、(5)
A、interaction
B、inevitably
C、shape
D、moving
E、matters
F、enormously
G、leaning
H、automation
I、fascinated
J、flexible
K、promised
L、spared
M、fantastic
N、feature
O、concerns
解析：见上一题！
31、(6)
A、interaction
B、inevitably
C、shape
D、moving
E、matters
F、enormously
G、leaning
H、automation
I、fascinated
J、flexible
K、promised
L、spared
M、fantastic
N、feature
O、concerns
解析：见上一题！
32、(7)
A、interaction
B、inevitably
C、shape
D、moving
E、matters
F、enormously
G、leaning
H、automation
I、fascinated
J、flexible
K、promised
L、spared
M、fantastic
N、feature
O、concerns
解析：见上一题！
33、(8)
A、interaction
B、inevitably
C、shape
D、moving
E、matters
F、enormously
G、leaning
H、automation
I、fascinated
J、flexible
K、promised
L、spared
M、fantastic
N、feature
O、concerns
解析：见上一题！
34、(9)
A、interaction
B、inevitably
C、shape
D、moving
E、matters
F、enormously
G、leaning
H、automation
I、fascinated
J、flexible
K、promised
L、spared
M、fantastic
N、feature
O、concerns
解析：见上一题！
35、(10)
A、interaction
B、inevitably
C、shape
D、moving
E、matters
F、enormously
G、leaning
H、automation
I、fascinated
J、flexible
K、promised
L、spared
M、fantastic
N、feature
O、concerns
解析：见上一题！
The History of the Lunch Box
36、36. Lunch containers were not necessary for school kids in cities.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
O、O
P、P
解析：36. 午餐盒对于城市里的学生来说不是必需品。
解析：F。根据题干中的kids in cities可定位至F段。该段表示，另一方面，城里的孩子则会回家吃午饭，然后再返回学校。由于他们很少带午饭，市场上为数不多的金属午餐盒主要是为商人和工厂工人准备的。由此可知，城里的孩子并不怎么需要午餐盒，题干中的kids in cities相当于原文F段开头的City kids，题干中的not necessary对应原文中的rarely carried a meal，因此题干是对F段部分内容的同义转述，故F为正确答案。
37. 事实证明，把电视人物印在午餐盒上是一种有效的营销策略。
解析：J。根据题干中的TV characters on lunch boxes以及effective marketing strategy可定位至J段。该段第一句说到，公司第一年就售出了60万个午餐盒，这让不少人恍然大悟，其他一些制造商也纷纷加入进来，利用新的电视节目和电影获利。然后该段最后一句引用艾伦·伍德尔的话，指出这是一种很好的营销策略，因为孩子们可以把电视节目里的人物和午餐盒一起带到学校，然后等他们回家时，他们又能在电视上看到这些节目了。由此可知，把电视人物印在午餐盒上是一种有效的营销策略，能大幅度提升销量。题干中的Putting TV characters on lunch boxes对应原文中的capitalize on new TV shows and movies，题干中的an effective marketing strategy是对原文中a great marketing tool的同义替换，故题干是对J段的概括总结。
38. 较小的午餐盒更受欢迎，因为它们很容易装进背包里。
解析：O。根据题干中的Smaller lunch boxes和fit into backpacks可定位至O段最后一句。该句表示，这就是更小、更软的容器受欢迎的原因之一——它们容易放进背包里。题干中的Smaller lunch boxes对应O段最后一句中的smaller and softer containers，题干中的fit into backpacks在原文中复现，故题干是对O段最后一句的同义转述。
39. 午餐盒随着学校的转变而发展。
解析：C。根据题干中的Lunch boxes have evolved和the transformation of schools可定位至C段最后一句。该句表示，在过去的一个世纪里，随着学校的变化，午餐盒也随之演变。题干中的Lunch boxes have evolved是对原文中the midday meal container has evolved的同义转述，题干中的the transformation of schools是对原文中As schools have changed 的同义替换，故题干是对C段最后一句的同义转述。
40. 大约在20世纪50年代初，一些学生开始使用金属午餐盒。
解析：H。根据题干中的时间点Around the beginning of the nineteen fifties可定位至H段第一句，该句表示，到了1950年，一切都变了。随后该段说到，纳什维尔制造商阿拉丁工业公司生产了工人们通常用的方形金属饭盒，而且其中一些已经开始出现在学生群体中。由此可知，一些学生从1950年左右开始使用金属饭盒。题干中的Around the beginning of the nineteen fifties是对原文中in the year of 1950的同义转述，题干中的some school kids started to use metal meal containers是对原文中some had started to show up in the hands of school kids的同义替换，故题干是对H段内容的概括总结。
41. 学校的孩子们渴望每年都换一个新的午餐盒，以跟上潮流。
解析：L。根据题干中的a new lunch box every year可定位至L段最后一句，该句表示，孩子们每年都想要一个新的午餐盒，以跟上最新的荧屏角色，即使他们的旧午餐盒还完全能用。题干中的are eager to get是对原文中beg for的近义转述，题干中的a new lunch box every year为原词复现，stay in fashion是对原文中keep up with the newest characters的同义替换，故题干是对L段最后一句的同义转述。
42. 过去，农村的孩子上学要走很长的路。
解析：D。根据题干中的walk a long way to school可定位至D段最后一句。该句说到，正如祖父母对以后几代人一直讲述的那样，在农村，孩子们需要走（通常是步行）好几英里去上学。题干中的Rural kids对应D段最后一句中的kids in the countryside，题干中的walk a long way to school是对该句中的would travel miles to school (often on foot) 的同义转述，故题干是对D段最后一句的同义转述。
43. 作者在童年时以使用午餐盒为荣。
解析：A。根据题干中的The author和proud of可定位至A段。该段作者表示，我的午餐盒曾是我最珍视的物品之一，它就像是一则宣言，骄傲地告诉幼儿园里每一个人：“我喜欢午餐盒上的美人鱼爱丽儿。” 由此可知，作者在童年时以使用午餐盒为荣。题干中的The author即本段的I，题干中的was proud of是对原文中a proud statement的同义转述，故题干是对A段最后一句的概括总结。
44. 塑料午餐盒受欢迎最可能的原因是它们更便宜。
解析：M。根据题干中的popularity、plastic lunch boxes和less expensive可定位至M段。该段说到，金属饭盒的热潮一直持续到20世纪80年代中期，直到塑料饭盒代替了金属饭盒。关于这一情况的原因，存在两种说法。首先，也是最有可能的原因，是塑料价格更低了。由此可知，塑料饭盒之所以受欢迎，最可能的原因是它们更便宜。题干中的The most probable reason对应原文中的most likely，题干中的less expensive是对原文中cheaper的同义替换，故题干是对M段第三句的同义转述。
45. 金属午餐盒的耐用性使消费者受益。
解析：I。根据题干中的durability和benefited consumers可定位至I段第一和第二句。该段表示，这些午餐盒真的很耐用，一用就是好几年。这对消费者来说是好事，但对制造商来说却并非如此。由此可知，金属饭盒的耐用性使消费者受益。题干中的durability是对I段第一句中durable的同义替换，题干中的benefited consumer是对第二句中was great for the consumer的同义转述，故题干是对I段前两句的概括总结。
37、37. Putting TV characters on lunch boxes proved an effective marketing strategy.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
O、O
P、P
解析：见上一题！
38、38. Smaller lunch boxes are preferred because they fit easily into backpacks.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
O、O
P、P
解析：见上一题！
39、39. Lunch boxes have evolved along with the transformation of schools.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
O、O
P、P
解析：见上一题！
40、40. Around the beginning of the nineteen fifties, some school kids started to use metal meal containers.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
O、O
P、P
解析：见上一题！
41、41. School kids are eager to get a new lunch box every year to stay in fashion.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
O、O
P、P
解析：见上一题！
42、42. Rural kids used to walk a long way to school in the old days.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
O、O
P、P
解析：见上一题！
43、43. The author was proud of using a lunch box in her childhood.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
O、O
P、P
解析：见上一题！
44、44. The most probable reason for the popularity of plastic lunch boxes is that they are less expensive.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
O、O
P、P
解析：见上一题！
45、45. The durability of metal meal containers benefited consumers.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
O、O
P、P
解析：见上一题！
A growing number of U.S. bike riders are attracted to electric bikes for convenience, health benefits and their fun factor. Although ebikes first appeared in the 90s, cheaper options and longer-lasting batteries are breathing new life into the concept.
Established bike companies and startups are embracing ebikes to meet demand. About 34 million ebikes were sold worldwide last year, according to data from eCycleElectric Consultants. Most were sold in Europe and China, where the bikes already have exploded in popularity. Recently, the U.S. market has grown to 263,000 bikes, a 25% gain from the prior year.
The industry is benefiting from improved batteries as suppliers over the years developed technology for laptops, smartphones and electric cars. In 2004, the price of batteries used on ebikes fell, spurring European sales.
But lower cost options are emerging, too. This month, three U.S. bikeshare companies, Motivate, LimeBike and Spin, announced electric bicycles will be added to their fleets. New York-based Jump Bikes is already operating an electric bikeshare in Washington, D.C., and is launching in San Francisco Thursday. Rides cost $2 for 30 minutes.
The system works like existing dockless bikeshare systems, where riders unlock bikes through a smartphone app. “This is the beginning of a long-term shift away from regular pedal (踏板) to electric bikes,” said Jump Bikes CEO Ryan Rzepecki. “When people first jump on an ebike, their face lights up. It’s exciting and joyful in a way that you don’t get from a regular bike.”
Two years ago, CEO Chris Cocalis of Pivot Cycles, which sells high-end mountain bikes, found that U.S. bike shops weren’t interested in stocking ebikes. Some retailers warned Cocalis that they’d drop the brand if it came out with an electric bike.
Now that sales are taking off, the vast majority of bike dealers are asking Cocalis when he’ll make an ebike available. “There’s tremendous opportunity to get a generation of people for whom suffering isn’t their thing,” Cocalis said. “Ebike riders get the enjoyable part of cycling without the massive suffering of climbing huge hills.”
46、46. What do we learn from the passage about ebikes?
A、Their health benefits and fun values outweigh their cost.
B、They did not catch public attention in the United States until the 1990s.
C、They did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.
D、Their widespread use is attributable to people’s environmental awareness.
解析：
解析：C。文章开头就提到了电动自行车，根据ebikes和题文同序原则定位至第一段第二句。该句表示，虽然电动自行车最早出现在上世纪90年代，但低廉的价格和更耐用的电池为这一概念注入了新的活力。由此可知，电池的改良使得电动车流行起来，同时第三段首句也提到电动自行车行业受益于电池的改良。C项符合题意，其中become popular对应首段第二句中的breathing new life into the concept，the emergence of improved batteries指的就是该句中的longer-lasting batteries，故C项为正确答案。
错项排除：文章开头说到，越来越多的美国自行车骑手被电动自行车的便利、健康和有趣所吸引，但并没有说它们的健康效益和趣味性高于成本，A项属于过度推断，故排除。原文第一段表示，20世纪90年代是电动自行车首次出现的时间，并非引起人们注意的时间，B项混淆概念，故排除。原文第一段说到，但更低廉的价格和更耐用的电池为这一概念注入了新的活力，因此价格和电池是电动自行车流行的原因，并非源于人们的环境意识，D项错误。
47、47. What brought about the boost in ebikes sales in Europe at the beginning of the century?
A、Updated technology of bike manufacture.
B、The falling prices of ebike batteries.
C、Changed fashion in short-distance travel.
D、The rising costs for making electric cars.
解析：
解析：B。根据题干中的boost和ebikes sales in Europe可定位至第三段第二句，其中boost对应句中的spurring，ebikes sales in Europe对应句中的European sales。该句表示，2004年，电动自行车的电池价格下降，刺激了欧洲的销售。由此可知，是电动自行车电池价格的下降推动了本世纪初欧洲电动自行车销量的增长。B项符合题意，The falling prices of ebike batteries是对原文中the price of batteries used on ebikes fell的同义替换，故B项为正确答案。
错项排除：原文中提到，由于供应商多年来一直在为笔记本电脑、智能手机和电动汽车开发新技术，电动自行车行业正受益于电池的改良。由此可知，影响电动自行车的主要是电池的情况，而非自行车制造技术的优化，排除A项。原文中未提及短途旅行，也没有讨论制造电动汽车的成本对电动自行车销量的影响，故排除C和D两项。
48、48. What is the prospect of the bike industry according to Ryan Rzepecki?
A、More will be invested in bike battery research.
B、The sales of ebikes will increase.
C、It will profit from ebike sharing.
D、It will make a difference in people’s daily lives.
解析：
解析：D。根据题干中的Ryan Rzepecki可定位至第五段第二句。该句提到，“这只是从传统踏板自行车向电动自行车长期转变的开始，”Jump Bikes的总裁莱恩•雷兹皮茨基表示。随后又在第三句说到，“当人们第一次骑上电动自行车时，他们的脸上露出兴奋的光芒。这种兴奋和快乐是普通自行车无法给予的。”由此可知，莱恩认为电动自行车将会影响到人们的生活，D项符合题意，故为正确答案。
错项排除：原文中并未提到更多的资金将投入自行车电池研究中，排除A项。原文中莱恩•雷兹皮茨基只是表示人类将从传统自行车逐渐向电动自行车转换，但并没有直接表示电动自行车的销量将会增加，B项属于过度推断，排除。原文中未提及自行车行业将从共享电动自行车中获利，排除C项。
49、49. What prevented Chris Cocalis from developing ebikes sooner?
A、Retailers’ refusal to deal in ebikes.
B、High profits from conventional bikes.
C、Users’ concern about risks of ebike riding.
D、His focus on selling costly mountain bikes.
解析：
解析：A。根据题干中的Chris Cocalis可定位至倒数第一、二段。倒数第二段讲到，两年前，销售高端山地车的Pivot Cycles公司首席执行官克里斯•科卡利斯发现，美国的自行车商店对电动自行车备货不感兴趣。一些零售商警告科卡利斯，如果Pivot Cycles公司推出电动自行车，他们将放弃该品牌。由此可知，克里斯•科卡利斯无法更早地开发电动自行车是由于零售商拒绝销售电动自行车，A项符合题意，故为正确答案。
错项排除：原文中并没有提到传统自行车的高额利润和电动自行车骑行的风险问题，因此排除B和C两项。原文中提到克里斯•科卡利斯在销售高端山地车的Pivot Cycles公司担任首席执行官，但并没有说他专注于销售昂贵的山地自行车，而且这也不是阻碍他开发电动自行车的原因，D项为过度引申，排除。
50、50. What makes Chris Cocalis believe there is a greater opportunity for ebike sales?
A、The further lowering of ebike prices.
B、The public’s concern for their health.
C、The increasing interest in mountain climbing.
D、The younger generation’s pursuit of comfortable riding.
解析：
解析：D。根据题干中的Chris Cocalis和a greater opportunity可定位至最后一段第二句。该句中克里斯•科卡利斯表示，这是个绝好的机会，来满足不想吃苦的这一代人的需求。骑电动自行车的人可以享受骑行的乐趣，而不用承受爬坡的吃力。由此可知，科卡利斯认为电动自行车因其能满足这一代人追求舒适骑行的需求而销售前景广阔，D项符合题意，其中的comfortable riding对应原文中的the enjoyable part of cycling，故D项为正确答案。
错项排除：原文中没有提到电动自行车价格是否进一步下调，排除A项。根据原文最后一段可知，人们关注的是骑行的舒适度而非自身健康，爬坡对公众来说是一种痛苦，并非是公众对爬山越来越感兴趣，故排除B和C项。
The terms “global warming” and “climate change” are used by many, seemingly interchangeably. But do they really mean the same thing?
Scientists shaped the history of the terms while attempting to accurately describe how humans continue to alter the planet. Later, political strategists adopted the terms to influence public opinion.
In 1975, geochemist Wallace Broecker introduced the term “climate change” in an article published by Science. In 1979, a National Academy of Sciences report used the term “global warming” to define increases in the Earth’s average surface temperature, while “climate change” more broadly referred to the numerous effects of this increase, such as sea-level rise and ocean acidification (酸化).
During the following decades, some industrialists and politicians launched a campaign to sow doubt in the minds of the American public about the ability of fossil-fuel use, deforestation and other human activities to influence the planet’s climate.
Word use played a critical role in developing that doubt. For example, the language and polls expert Frank Luntz wrote a memo encouraging the use of “climate change” because the phrase sounded less scary than “global warming”, reported the Guardian.
However, Luntzi’s recommendation wasn’t necessary. A Google Ngram Viewer chart shows that by 1993 climate change was already more commonly used in books than global warming. By the end of the next decade both words were used more frequently, and climate change was used nearly twice as often as global warming.
NASA used the term “climate change” because it more accurately reflects the wide range of changes to the planet caused by increasing amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
The debate isn’t new. A century ago, chemist Svante Arrhenius started one of the first debates over the potential for humans to influence the planet’s climate. Arrhenius calculated the capability of carbon dioxide to trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, but other chemists disagreed. Some argued that human weren’t producing enough greenhouse gases, while others claimed the effects would be tiny. Now, of course, we know that whatever you call it, human behavior is warming the planet, with grave consequences ahead.
51、51. Why did politicians use the two terms “global warming” and “climate change”?
A、To sway public opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth.
B、To more accurately describe the consequences of human activities.
C、To win more popular votes in their campaign activities.
D、To assure the public of the safety of existing industries.
解析：
解析：A。根据题干中的politicians和terms可定位至第二段第二句和第四段第一句。第二段第二句表示，后来，政治战略家采用这些术语来影响公众舆论。“这些术语”指的就是第一段中提到的“全球变暖”和“气候变化”。随后文章在第四段也提到，在接下来的几十年里，一些工业家和政治家发起了一场运动，使美国公众心中对化石燃料使用、森林砍伐和其他人类活动是否会影响地球气候心生疑虑。由此可知，政治家使用“全球变暖”和“气候变化”这两个术语是为了影响公众关于人类活动对地球影响的舆论，A项中的sway public opinion对应第二段第二句中的influence public opinion，故正确答案为A。
错项排除：B项利用原文第二段第一句出现的accurately describe作干扰，但原文说的是科学家在试图准确描述人类如何不断改变地球的同时，也塑造了这些术语的历史，并不是说政治家使用这些术语来更准确地描述人类活动的结果，B项张冠李戴，故排除。C项利用原文第四段第一句出现的campaign作干扰，但原文说的是一些工业家和政治家发起了一场运动，使美国公众心中对化石燃料使用、森林砍伐和其他人类活动是否会影响地球气候心生疑虑，不是说政治家想在竞选中赢得选票，C项答非所问，故排除。D项在原文中无依据，排除。
52、52. As used in a National Academy of Sciences report, the term “climate change” differs from “global warming” in that ____ .
A、it sounds less vague
B、it looks more scientific
C、it covers more phenomena
D、it is much closer to reality
解析：
解析：C。根据题干中的National Academy of Sciences report可定位至第三段第二句。该句表示，1979年，国家科学院的一份报告将“全球变暖”这个术语用于定义地球表面平均温度的上升，而“气候变化”则更广泛地指代这一指标上升所导致的诸多影响，如海平面上升和海洋酸化。由此可知，两者的区别在于“气候变化”这一术语所指更广泛，C项符合题意。
错项排除：根据国家科学院报告中对两个术语的定义可知，两者都有明确的指代，不存在表述模糊的问题，A项错误。原文中并未就两个术语的科学性和现实性进行比较，故排除B、D两项。
53、53. What did industrialists of the late 20th century resort to in order to mislead Americans?
A、Made-up survey results.
B、Hired climate experts.
C、False research findings.
D、Deliberate choice of words.
解析：
解析：D。根据题干中的industrialists和mislead Americans可定位至第四段。该段表示，在接下来的几十年里，一些工业家和政治家发起了一场运动，使美国公众心中对化石燃料使用、森林砍伐和其他人类活动是否会影响地球气候心生疑虑。随后在第五段第一句说到，措辞的使用（word use）在引发这种怀疑中起了关键作用，并引用了《卫报》的例子来说明，使用不同的措辞对民众会产生不同的心理影响，也就是说，措辞的选用是会误导民众的，故D项符合题意。
错项排除：编造的调查结果、雇佣气候专家和伪造的研究结果在原文中均没有依据，故排除A、B、C三项。
54、54. Why did NASA choose the term “climate change”?
A、To obtain more funds.
B、For greater precision.
C、For political needs.
D、To avoid debate.
解析：
解析：B。根据题干中的NASA可定位至原文倒数第二段。该段表示，美国国家航空航天局使用“气候变化”这一术语，因为它更准确地反映了由于大气中温室气体数量不断增加而导致的地球大范围变化。由此可知，NASA选择使用“气候变化”这个术语是因为它更准确，B选项符合题意，其中的greater precision是对原文中more accurately的同义替换，故B项为正确答案。
错项排除：原文中未提及资金有关的问题，排除A项。原文中表示，政治战略家采用这些术语来影响公众舆论，因此政治需要与政治家的行为有关，并不是NASA选择使用这一术语的原因，排除C项。D选项利用原文中最后一段出现的debate一词作干扰，但原文中的debate存在于科学家之间，与NASA无关，排除D项。
55、55. What is the author’s final conclusion?
A、Global warming is the more accurate term.
B、Accuracy of terminology matters in science.
C、Human activities have serious effects on Earth.
D、Politics interferes with serious scientific debate.
解析：
解析：C。根据题干中的final conclusion和题文同序原则可定位至最后一段。该段最后一句表示，我们现在知道，无论使用哪个术语，人类行为正在使地球变暖，并将带来严重的后果。由此可知，作者最终的结论是人类活动对地球有严重影响。C项符合题意，其中的Human activities对应原文中的human behavior，serious effects是对原文中grave consequences的同义转述，故C项为正确答案。
错项排除：作者在文中并没有对比两种术语的准确性，A项利用原文倒数第二段首句的more accurately作干扰，但原文说的是NASA认为“气候变化”更准确，并非是作者的结论，故A项错误。原文中没有强调科学术语的准确性，也没有讨论政治对科学的干扰，排除B和D两项。
三、Part IV Translation
56、 生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。北方人主要吃面食，南方人大多吃米饭。在沿海地区，海鲜和淡水水产品在人们饮食中占有相当大的比例，而在其他地区人们的饮食中，肉类和奶制品更为常见。四川、湖南等省份的居民普遍爱吃辛辣食物，而江苏和浙江人更喜欢甜食。然而，因为烹饪方式各异，同类食物的味道可能会有所不同。
参考答案：
参考译文
People who live in different parts of China have a variety of diets. Those living in the north mainly eat food made of flour, while those in the south mostly eat rice. In coastal areas, seafood and freshwater products account for a large proportion in people’s diets, whereas in other areas, meat and dairy products are more common. Residents in provinces such as Sichuan and Hunan generally like spicy food, yet people in Jiangsu and Zhejiang prefer sweet food. However, the taste of similar food may be different due to various cooking methods.
解析：
词汇难点
饮食 diet
多种多样 a variety of; various; diverse
面食 food made of flour
沿海地区 coastal area; coastland
海鲜 seafood
淡水水产品 freshwater product
比例 proportion
奶制品 dairy product
省份 province
居民 resident; inhabitant
辛辣食物 spicy food
甜食 sweet food
烹饪方式 cooking method
味道 taste; flavour
表达难点
第一句：本句主干为“……人们饮食多种多样”，可译为People have a variety of diets，“生活在中国不同地区的”可处理为定语从句，译为who live in different parts of China，修饰People。
第二句：本句包含两个分句，对比了南北方人饮食上的差异，翻译时可用while或whereas连接两个句子。“北/南方人”可译为the people living in the north/south，为了表达简洁，可用those代替the people。
第三句：本句主要对比了沿海地区和其他地区人们的饮食差异，整句话可处理为两个分句，用while或whereas连接。“占”可译为account for。注意第二个分句中“更为常见”需要用比较级，译为more common。“人们的饮食中”在前后两个分句中都有出现，为避免句子冗余，可在第二个分句中省译。
第四句：本句主要是就不同省份来说明人们饮食的差异性，也包含两个对比的分句。翻译时在用词与结构上应尽量避免与第二、三句重复，两个分句可用yet连接，“更喜欢”可用prefer表达。
第五句：本句包含两个在逻辑上存在因果关系的分句。“因为”可用due to、because of或owing to表示，为了表达上的灵活性，可将“烹饪方式各异”转译为名词结构various cooking methods，放在介词短语due to/because of/owing to之后，将两个分句合译为一个整句。
四、Part I Writing
57、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
参考答案：
参考范文
Thanks to the development of modern technology, China has witnessed great changes in ways of education in recent years. It has been common that many people choose to study online instead of studying in classrooms. In my opinion, this change of education has brought various benefits to both learners and educators.
Firstly, the convenience of online study has benefited many learners because they can easily get access to the rich learning materials on the Internet without the limit of time and space. Online learning is convenient and effective especially when we need short-term training for exams on skills or techniques. Secondly, the school teachers can use online courses to teach students, which helps them to be flexible with the curriculum. The fact that numerous students have taken classes through the Internet during the epidemic illustrates this point well.
In summary, the shift from classroom education to online education provides more choices to learners and educators. These two ways of education can complement each other efficiently if we are able to use them in a flexible way.
参考译文
近年来，由于现代科技的发展，中国的教育方式发生了巨大的变化。许多人选择在线学习而不是在教室里学习，这种现象已变得很常见。在我看来，教育上的这种改变给学习者和教育者都带来了各种各样的好处。
首先，网上学习的便利性使许多学习者受益匪浅，因为他们可以在网上轻松获取丰富的学习资料，而不受到时间和空间的限制。尤其是当我们需要短期的技能或技术考试培训时，在线学习是非常方便且有效的。其次，学校教师能够使用在线课程来教授学生，这有助于他们灵活安排课程。疫情期间众多学生通过互联网来上课就很好地说明了这一点。
综上所述，课堂教育向网络教育的转变为学习者和教育者提供了更多的选择。如果我们能灵活运用，这两种教育方式还可以有效互补。
解析：
写作指南
从题目所给内容可以看出，本次四级考试的作文属于情景类作文，要求考生针对“教育方式的改变”进行论述。考生首先可以对这一现象进行简单说明，然后提出自己的观点，并对其进行详细阐述，若观点有利有弊，应分别客观阐述。最后再总结重申观点。行文时应注意语言通顺、逻辑清晰、层次分明，此外还应注意论证的合理性，即论据要能证明论点。本次考试话题“教育方式的改变”有很多角度和出发点，选择自己擅长的方向，言之有理即可。
文章大纲
第一段：引出话题，表明观点：教育方式的改变对于学习者和教育者来说都是有益的。
第二段：从学习者和教育者两个角度进行论证，阐述教育方式的转变，即线上教育给二者带来的具体好处。
第三段：总结全文，概括论点：教育方式的转变为学习者和教育者提供了更多选择，应灵活运用。
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