一、Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1、Question 1 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、The number of male nurses has gone down.
B、There is discrimination against male nurses.
C、There is a growing shortage of medical personnel.
D、The number of nurses has dropped to a record low.
解析：
News Report One
听力原文
(1) The British government has called for more men to consider a career in nursing. Figures show the number of male nurses has fallen in the last three years. Now the number of men working in the nursing sector has reached a seven-year low. Numbers of male nurses increased between 2011 and 2014 and reached a peak of 7,168. This figure has dropped to only 6,924 in 2017. (2) The UK Health Secretary said, “This is clearly a cultural problem, and probably one that exists in many parts of the world. But we can make efforts to change that now. We want to persuade males to think about career options of going into nursing. There was absolutely no reason why men can’t go into this profession.” The Health Secretary said that the government already has plans to attract a “more varied workforce” into nursing. She stated, “We are leading the way on workforce planning. We will become the first nation in Europe to publish a national health and care workforce plan.”
1. What problem is Britain facing?
解析：A。录音开头指出，英国政府呼吁更多男性考虑从事护理工作。数据显示，男性护士的数量在过去三年间有所下滑。A项的The number of male nurses has gone down与原文表述一致，故正确。文中只提到男性护士数量下降，并未说明其他医护人员的情况，故C不正确。B和D两项在原文中没有依据，故均排除。
2、Question 2 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、Working conditions.
B、Educational system.
C、Inadequate pay.
D、Cultural bias.
解析：
News Report One
听力原文
(1) The British government has called for more men to consider a career in nursing. Figures show the number of male nurses has fallen in the last three years. Now the number of men working in the nursing sector has reached a seven-year low. Numbers of male nurses increased between 2011 and 2014 and reached a peak of 7,168. This figure has dropped to only 6,924 in 2017. (2) The UK Health Secretary said, “This is clearly a cultural problem, and probably one that exists in many parts of the world. But we can make efforts to change that now. We want to persuade males to think about career options of going into nursing. There was absolutely no reason why men can’t go into this profession.” The Health Secretary said that the government already has plans to attract a “more varied workforce” into nursing. She stated, “We are leading the way on workforce planning. We will become the first nation in Europe to publish a national health and care workforce plan.”
2. What is the cause of the problem according to the UK Health Secretary?
解析：D。录音中间指出，英国卫生部长称，这明显是文化问题，而且很可能在世界上很多地方都存在。由此可知，男性护士数量减少是文化原因所导致的，主要是出于对男性护士的偏见，故选D。其余选项在原文中均未提及，故排除。
3、Question 3 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、He fell out of a lifeboat.
B、He was almost drowned.
C、He lost his way on a beach.
D、He enjoyed swimming in the sea.
解析：
News Report Two
听力原文
A man from Libya was enjoying a walk along the sands at Southport Beach. When he was about half a mile out from the dock, he felt a bit tired. So he lay down and fell asleep, but the tide swept in quickly at the beach. And the man was shocked to wake up and find the tide had come in and completely surrounded him, cutting him off from the shore. (3) Fortunately for him, the beach lifeguards were quickly on the scene to stop him from drowning. They acted professionally to ensure the man was comfortable until an ambulance arrived. He was then taken to hospital. He is now in a stable condition. When interviewed, Keith Porter of the Southport Beach said, “Our beach is so flat that it’s very common for the tide to come around the back of people and cut them off from the beach. (4) Thankfully the emergency services have again worked well together to ensure a positive outcome and we wish the gentleman a speedy recovery.”
3. What does the news report say about the Libyan man?
解析：B。录音中间指出，这名利比亚男子醒来后发现潮水已经淹没了沙滩，好在海滩救生员很快到达现场施救，才使他免于溺亡。由此可知该男子差点溺亡。B项中的drowned与原文中的drowning属于同义复现，故选B。其余选项在原文中均未提及，故排除。
4、Question 4 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、The lifeboats patrol the area round the clock.
B、The beach is a good place to watch the tide.
C、The emergency services are efficient.
D、The beach is a popular tourist resort.
解析：
News Report Two
听力原文
A man from Libya was enjoying a walk along the sands at Southport Beach. When he was about half a mile out from the dock, he felt a bit tired. So he lay down and fell asleep, but the tide swept in quickly at the beach. And the man was shocked to wake up and find the tide had come in and completely surrounded him, cutting him off from the shore. (3) Fortunately for him, the beach lifeguards were quickly on the scene to stop him from drowning. They acted professionally to ensure the man was comfortable until an ambulance arrived. He was then taken to hospital. He is now in a stable condition. When interviewed, Keith Porter of the Southport Beach said, “Our beach is so flat that it’s very common for the tide to come around the back of people and cut them off from the beach. (4) Thankfully the emergency services have again worked well together to ensure a positive outcome and we wish the gentleman a speedy recovery.”
4. What did Keith Porter say at an interview?
解析：C。录音最后说道，幸运的是，应急救助服务各方再次通力合作，才确保了结果是好的。C项中efficient对应录音中的worked well together，所以C项正确。其余选项均无原文依据，故排除。
5、Question 5 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、It climbed 25 storeys at one go.
B、It broke into an office room.
C、It escaped from a local zoo.
D、It became an online star.
解析：
News Report Three
听力原文
(5) A raccoon, a small catlike animal, climbed to the top of a 25-storey skyscraper early on Wednesday. It was captured after becoming an online star across the world. At a little before 3 a.m., the animal made it to the roof of the building, after it took a long break on a 17th floor window edge. At the top of the building, animal control officers put cat food in traps and captured the raccoon. (6) A private wildlife management company will release the animal into the wild. The raccoon’s upward journey began on Monday. The brown animal was spotted stuck on a narrow window edge of the office tower. On Tuesday, the raccoon slowly climbed the building. It reached the 23rd floor, and its legend continued to grow on social media with every floor it climbed. As it went up, people gathered on the sidewalk below to take photos and cheer for its safety. On line, office workers posted photos and videos of the raccoon resting on window edges and climbing up the building’s concrete exterior. (7) One online post said that the raccoon has succeeded in uniting the country the way no politician could.
5. What does the news report say about the raccoon, a small catlike animal?
解析：D。录音开头说到，一只浣熊（一种像猫的小型动物）在周三早晨爬上了一座25层高的大楼。在成为国际网络明星之后，这只浣熊被成功抓住。由此可知，浣熊成为了网络明星，故D项正确。录音中提到，该浣熊在爬到25层之前在17和23层均停留过，因此A项一口气爬25层是错误的。其余选项均无原文信息来源，故排除。
6、Question 6 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、Release it into the wild.
B、Return it to its owner.
C、Send it back to the zoo.
D、Give it a physical checkup.
解析：
News Report Three
听力原文
(5) A raccoon, a small catlike animal, climbed to the top of a 25-storey skyscraper early on Wednesday. It was captured after becoming an online star across the world. At a little before 3 a.m., the animal made it to the roof of the building, after it took a long break on a 17th floor window edge. At the top of the building, animal control officers put cat food in traps and captured the raccoon. (6) A private wildlife management company will release the animal into the wild. The raccoon’s upward journey began on Monday. The brown animal was spotted stuck on a narrow window edge of the office tower. On Tuesday, the raccoon slowly climbed the building. It reached the 23rd floor, and its legend continued to grow on social media with every floor it climbed. As it went up, people gathered on the sidewalk below to take photos and cheer for its safety. On line, office workers posted photos and videos of the raccoon resting on window edges and climbing up the building’s concrete exterior. (7) One online post said that the raccoon has succeeded in uniting the country the way no politician could.
6. What will the wildlife management company do with the captured raccoon?
解析：A。录音中间说到，一家私人野生动物管理公司将会把浣熊放归田野。其他三项在文中没有提及，故A项为正确答案。
7、Question 7 is based on the news report you have just heard.
A、A raccoon can perform acts no human can.
B、A raccoon can climb much higher than a cat.
C、The raccoon did something no politician could.
D、The raccoon became as famous as some politicians.
解析：
News Report Three
听力原文
(5) A raccoon, a small catlike animal, climbed to the top of a 25-storey skyscraper early on Wednesday. It was captured after becoming an online star across the world. At a little before 3 a.m., the animal made it to the roof of the building, after it took a long break on a 17th floor window edge. At the top of the building, animal control officers put cat food in traps and captured the raccoon. (6) A private wildlife management company will release the animal into the wild. The raccoon’s upward journey began on Monday. The brown animal was spotted stuck on a narrow window edge of the office tower. On Tuesday, the raccoon slowly climbed the building. It reached the 23rd floor, and its legend continued to grow on social media with every floor it climbed. As it went up, people gathered on the sidewalk below to take photos and cheer for its safety. On line, office workers posted photos and videos of the raccoon resting on window edges and climbing up the building’s concrete exterior. (7) One online post said that the raccoon has succeeded in uniting the country the way no politician could.
7. What did one online post say?
解析：C。录音最后一句说，网上有一篇帖子说，这只浣熊以这种方式把全国的人都团结起来，而这可是任何一位政治家都未能做到的，故C项正确。原文中说该浣熊做到了政治家所不能做的事，而A项说的是做到人类做不到的事，将范围扩大化，故错误。B项在原文中没有提及，只是说浣熊像猫，并未比较谁爬得高，故排除。D项也出现了politicians，但原文并没有把浣熊和政治家的知名度进行比对，故排除D项。
8、Question 8 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、She received a bonus unexpectedly.
B、She got a well-paying job in a bank.
C、She received her first monthly salary.
D、She got a pay raise for her performance.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
W: (8) I have really amazing news. I just got a text message from my bank, saying my salary has been deposited in my account.
M: Getting paid is good. But I don’t understand why you’re so excited. It happens every month.
W: Well, I’ve been working for a few years. In fact, I worked all through university, but I only had part-time jobs then. (8) So this is the first time I’ve ever been paid for a month of full-time work.
M: Wow, then you must feel great. I mean (9) it’s been two decades, but I can still remember when I got my first real salary. I was happy for days and I felt like it was a small fortune, even though it wasn’t.
W: Yeah, I’ve never earned so much money before. And there’re so many things I’d like to do with it. What did you do with your first pay?
M: (10) I bought a new suit for work and took my parents to a nice restaurant to celebrate. Maybe you could do the same.
W: I have enough professional clothes. And my parents are across the country, so seeing them is impossible. But some people from the office are members of a gym I want to join. And my university classmates are arranging a trip to visit our old campus, and I’d love to go with them, but I can’t afford both.
M: (11) If I were you, I’d join the gym because it’s a good way to stay healthy, and it might help you build a stronger relationship with your colleagues. And good relationships are key to a successful career.
W: (11) Hmm, you’re right. Thanks for the advice. I’m taking it.
8. Why did the woman feel excited?
解析：C。录音开头女士说，她虽然从上大学以来就一直在工作，但这次是她第一次领到全职工作的月薪。故C项正确。其余选项均与女士所述不符，故均排除。
9、Question 9 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Two decades ago.
B、Several years ago.
C、Just last month.
D、Right after graduation.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
W: (8) I have really amazing news. I just got a text message from my bank, saying my salary has been deposited in my account.
M: Getting paid is good. But I don’t understand why you’re so excited. It happens every month.
W: Well, I’ve been working for a few years. In fact, I worked all through university, but I only had part-time jobs then. (8) So this is the first time I’ve ever been paid for a month of full-time work.
M: Wow, then you must feel great. I mean (9) it’s been two decades, but I can still remember when I got my first real salary. I was happy for days and I felt like it was a small fortune, even though it wasn’t.
W: Yeah, I’ve never earned so much money before. And there’re so many things I’d like to do with it. What did you do with your first pay?
M: (10) I bought a new suit for work and took my parents to a nice restaurant to celebrate. Maybe you could do the same.
W: I have enough professional clothes. And my parents are across the country, so seeing them is impossible. But some people from the office are members of a gym I want to join. And my university classmates are arranging a trip to visit our old campus, and I’d love to go with them, but I can’t afford both.
M: (11) If I were you, I’d join the gym because it’s a good way to stay healthy, and it might help you build a stronger relationship with your colleagues. And good relationships are key to a successful career.
W: (11) Hmm, you’re right. Thanks for the advice. I’m taking it.
9. When did the man get his first full-time job?
解析：A。录音中间男士说，距离他第一次领到工资已经过去了20年，但他还记得当时的感觉。故A项正确。其余选项在原文中均未出现，故排除。
10、Question 10 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、He sent a small check to his parents.
B、He treated his parents to a nice meal.
C、He took a few of his friends to a gym.
D、He immediately deposited it in a bank.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
W: (8) I have really amazing news. I just got a text message from my bank, saying my salary has been deposited in my account.
M: Getting paid is good. But I don’t understand why you’re so excited. It happens every month.
W: Well, I’ve been working for a few years. In fact, I worked all through university, but I only had part-time jobs then. (8) So this is the first time I’ve ever been paid for a month of full-time work.
M: Wow, then you must feel great. I mean (9) it’s been two decades, but I can still remember when I got my first real salary. I was happy for days and I felt like it was a small fortune, even though it wasn’t.
W: Yeah, I’ve never earned so much money before. And there’re so many things I’d like to do with it. What did you do with your first pay?
M: (10) I bought a new suit for work and took my parents to a nice restaurant to celebrate. Maybe you could do the same.
W: I have enough professional clothes. And my parents are across the country, so seeing them is impossible. But some people from the office are members of a gym I want to join. And my university classmates are arranging a trip to visit our old campus, and I’d love to go with them, but I can’t afford both.
M: (11) If I were you, I’d join the gym because it’s a good way to stay healthy, and it might help you build a stronger relationship with your colleagues. And good relationships are key to a successful career.
W: (11) Hmm, you’re right. Thanks for the advice. I’m taking it.
10. What did the man do when he got his first pay?
解析：B。录音接着说道，男士用第一笔工资买了一套新西装，并请父母去了一家很好的餐厅庆祝。故B项正确。D项利用女士提到的，薪水已经打入她的银行账户作干扰，男士未提及存钱的事情，故错误。其余选项在原文中均未提及。
11、Question 11 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Join her colleagues for gym exercise.
B、Visit her former university campus.
C、Buy some professional clothes.
D、Budget her salary carefully.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
W: (8) I have really amazing news. I just got a text message from my bank, saying my salary has been deposited in my account.
M: Getting paid is good. But I don’t understand why you’re so excited. It happens every month.
W: Well, I’ve been working for a few years. In fact, I worked all through university, but I only had part-time jobs then. (8) So this is the first time I’ve ever been paid for a month of full-time work.
M: Wow, then you must feel great. I mean (9) it’s been two decades, but I can still remember when I got my first real salary. I was happy for days and I felt like it was a small fortune, even though it wasn’t.
W: Yeah, I’ve never earned so much money before. And there’re so many things I’d like to do with it. What did you do with your first pay?
M: (10) I bought a new suit for work and took my parents to a nice restaurant to celebrate. Maybe you could do the same.
W: I have enough professional clothes. And my parents are across the country, so seeing them is impossible. But some people from the office are members of a gym I want to join. And my university classmates are arranging a trip to visit our old campus, and I’d love to go with them, but I can’t afford both.
M: (11) If I were you, I’d join the gym because it’s a good way to stay healthy, and it might help you build a stronger relationship with your colleagues. And good relationships are key to a successful career.
W: (11) Hmm, you’re right. Thanks for the advice. I’m taking it.
11. What does the woman say she is going to do?
解析：A。录音最后，女士表示会听取男士的建议，与同事们一起去健身。故A项正确。B项是女士提出的选择之一，但她的钱只能负担起一件事，所以女士放弃了回母校的计划，故排除。女士表示自己的职业装已经够多了，因此不需要再买，故排除C项。D选项在文中未提及。
12、Question 12 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、He has just too many things to attend to.
B、He has been overworked recently.
C、He has a difficult decision to make.
D、He has just quarreled with his girlfriend.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
W: What’s going on with you lately? You seem so distracted, like you aren’t really listening to anything I say.
M: I know. I’m sorry. (12) I can’t seem to focus on anything, because I still haven’t decided if I should accept the offer for that PhD program in London, or if I should take the job offer in New York.
W: (12) Look, it’s a tough decision, but you’re running out of time, aren’t you? I thought you said the company expected an answer by the end of the month.
M: Actually, it’s the beginning of next month for the job, but the university needs a decision by the end of the week. So I have to act quickly.
W: You definitely need advice for an important decision like this. (13) So who have you talked to about it? What does your family think? And your advisor for your Master’s program?
M: (14) I’ve asked for their advice and that’s part of the problem. My parents want me to get the degree, but my advisor thinks it’s time for me to get more work experience.
W: What do you mean by “part of the problem”? Oh, wait, it’s your girlfriend, isn’t it? You’ve been dating since your first year of university, so that’s six years now. She must have an opinion about all this. I mean isn’t it time for you to think about getting married?
M: Well, I do want to get married, (15) but she thinks we need to wait until we’ve launched our careers. Plus, she’s not sure what she’ll be doing next year. She’s considering a job in England and one in Australia. And her parents are pushing for the latter.
12. Why does the man seem to be distracted?
解析：C。录音开头，男士解释了自己心不在焉的原因：他需要在伦敦的博士项目和纽约的工作邀请之间做出选择。下文中，女士补充说这是一个艰难的决定，故C项正确。男士是需要在两个选择中做出决定，并非有太多事需要顾及，故排除A项。其余选项在原文中均未提及，故排除。
13、Question 13 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Turn to his girlfriend for assistance.
B、Give priority to things more urgent.
C、Think twice before making the decision.
D、Seek advice from his family and advisor.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
W: What’s going on with you lately? You seem so distracted, like you aren’t really listening to anything I say.
M: I know. I’m sorry. (12) I can’t seem to focus on anything, because I still haven’t decided if I should accept the offer for that PhD program in London, or if I should take the job offer in New York.
W: (12) Look, it’s a tough decision, but you’re running out of time, aren’t you? I thought you said the company expected an answer by the end of the month.
M: Actually, it’s the beginning of next month for the job, but the university needs a decision by the end of the week. So I have to act quickly.
W: You definitely need advice for an important decision like this. (13) So who have you talked to about it? What does your family think? And your advisor for your Master’s program?
M: (14) I’ve asked for their advice and that’s part of the problem. My parents want me to get the degree, but my advisor thinks it’s time for me to get more work experience.
W: What do you mean by “part of the problem”? Oh, wait, it’s your girlfriend, isn’t it? You’ve been dating since your first year of university, so that’s six years now. She must have an opinion about all this. I mean isn’t it time for you to think about getting married?
M: Well, I do want to get married, (15) but she thinks we need to wait until we’ve launched our careers. Plus, she’s not sure what she’ll be doing next year. She’s considering a job in England and one in Australia. And her parents are pushing for the latter.
13. What does the woman say the man should do?
解析：D。录音中间，女士说男士肯定需要询问别人的建议，并问男士是否与自己的家人和导师商量过这个问题。言下之意是，女士认为男士应该向他的家人和导师寻求建议，故选D。其余选项均与女士所说不符，故排除。
14、Question 14 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、His girlfriend does not support his decision.
B、He is not particularly keen on the job offered.
C、He lacks the money for his doctoral program.
D、His parents and advisor have different opinions.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
W: What’s going on with you lately? You seem so distracted, like you aren’t really listening to anything I say.
M: I know. I’m sorry. (12) I can’t seem to focus on anything, because I still haven’t decided if I should accept the offer for that PhD program in London, or if I should take the job offer in New York.
W: (12) Look, it’s a tough decision, but you’re running out of time, aren’t you? I thought you said the company expected an answer by the end of the month.
M: Actually, it’s the beginning of next month for the job, but the university needs a decision by the end of the week. So I have to act quickly.
W: You definitely need advice for an important decision like this. (13) So who have you talked to about it? What does your family think? And your advisor for your Master’s program?
M: (14) I’ve asked for their advice and that’s part of the problem. My parents want me to get the degree, but my advisor thinks it’s time for me to get more work experience.
W: What do you mean by “part of the problem”? Oh, wait, it’s your girlfriend, isn’t it? You’ve been dating since your first year of university, so that’s six years now. She must have an opinion about all this. I mean isn’t it time for you to think about getting married?
M: Well, I do want to get married, (15) but she thinks we need to wait until we’ve launched our careers. Plus, she’s not sure what she’ll be doing next year. She’s considering a job in England and one in Australia. And her parents are pushing for the latter.
14. What does the man say is part of his problem?
解析：D。录音接着提到，男士的父母认为他应该去读博士学位，而他的导师认为他应该积累工作经验。由此可知，他父母和导师的意见不一致，故D项正确。其余选项均无原文依据，故排除。
15、Question 15 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、They need time to make preparations.
B、They haven’t started their careers yet.
C、They need to save enough money for it.
D、They haven’t won their parents’ approval.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
W: What’s going on with you lately? You seem so distracted, like you aren’t really listening to anything I say.
M: I know. I’m sorry. (12) I can’t seem to focus on anything, because I still haven’t decided if I should accept the offer for that PhD program in London, or if I should take the job offer in New York.
W: (12) Look, it’s a tough decision, but you’re running out of time, aren’t you? I thought you said the company expected an answer by the end of the month.
M: Actually, it’s the beginning of next month for the job, but the university needs a decision by the end of the week. So I have to act quickly.
W: You definitely need advice for an important decision like this. (13) So who have you talked to about it? What does your family think? And your advisor for your Master’s program?
M: (14) I’ve asked for their advice and that’s part of the problem. My parents want me to get the degree, but my advisor thinks it’s time for me to get more work experience.
W: What do you mean by “part of the problem”? Oh, wait, it’s your girlfriend, isn’t it? You’ve been dating since your first year of university, so that’s six years now. She must have an opinion about all this. I mean isn’t it time for you to think about getting married?
M: Well, I do want to get married, (15) but she thinks we need to wait until we’ve launched our careers. Plus, she’s not sure what she’ll be doing next year. She’s considering a job in England and one in Australia. And her parents are pushing for the latter.
15. Why doesn’t the man’s girlfriend agree to get married right now?
解析：B。录音最后提到，男士的女朋友认为他们应该等到两人事业都起步之后再考虑结婚。结合前面提到的男士在犹豫要不要接受工作邀请以及他女朋友在两份工作邀请之间犹豫可知，两人目前的工作还没有确定，故B项正确。其余选项均未在原文提到，故排除。
16、Question 16 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Expressing ideas and opinions freely.
B、Enriching social and intellectual lives.
C、Acquiring information and professional knowledge.
D、Using information to understand and solve problems.
解析：
Passage One
听力原文
(16) Analytical skills are our ability to understand and solve problems using information we have available. These skills are extremely important for our professional, social, and intellectual lives. What are the best ways to improve them? One way is to expand your worldview. Unfortunately, this takes time. Ultimately, it will help you better evaluate information and analyze different ideas and outcomes. Traveling is a great way to expand your worldview, although it can be expensive. (17) An entertaining way of enhancing your analytical skills is to engage them by playing brain games. These are games that challenge you to think deeply and to develop your analytical skills. These games will get you used to thinking in a certain way. As a result, they will help improve your ability to think. However, opinions vary on whether video games are effective. The general consensus is that the best ones avoid mindless violence, and instead focus on strategy and challenge us to solve problems and achieve broad goals. (18) Joining a debate or reading club or group is also a good idea. These provide people with the opportunity to come together and discuss ideas, literature and problems. Groups like these will help you refine your analytical skills and enable you to express yourself better. Any social group that encourages free exchange of ideas and pursuit of knowledge is beneficial. It helps you to actively develop your analytical skills.
16. What kind of ability do analytical skills refer to in the passage?
解析：D。录音开头指出，分析能力是我们利用可获取到的信息来理解和解决问题的能力。D项表述与听力原文一致，故正确。A项利用原文中的free exchange of ideas作干扰，但录音中未表明这是分析技巧的含义，只是说自由表达想法的社团对我们有益，故排除。B项是分析技巧的重要性之一，故不符合题意。C项在录音中未提及，故排除。
17、Question 17 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Traveling to different places in the world.
B、Playing games that challenge one’s mind.
C、Improving mind-reading strategies.
D、Reading classic scientific literature.
解析：
Passage One
听力原文
(16) Analytical skills are our ability to understand and solve problems using information we have available. These skills are extremely important for our professional, social, and intellectual lives. What are the best ways to improve them? One way is to expand your worldview. Unfortunately, this takes time. Ultimately, it will help you better evaluate information and analyze different ideas and outcomes. Traveling is a great way to expand your worldview, although it can be expensive. (17) An entertaining way of enhancing your analytical skills is to engage them by playing brain games. These are games that challenge you to think deeply and to develop your analytical skills. These games will get you used to thinking in a certain way. As a result, they will help improve your ability to think. However, opinions vary on whether video games are effective. The general consensus is that the best ones avoid mindless violence, and instead focus on strategy and challenge us to solve problems and achieve broad goals. (18) Joining a debate or reading club or group is also a good idea. These provide people with the opportunity to come together and discuss ideas, literature and problems. Groups like these will help you refine your analytical skills and enable you to express yourself better. Any social group that encourages free exchange of ideas and pursuit of knowledge is beneficial. It helps you to actively develop your analytical skills.
17. What does the passage say is an entertaining way of enhancing one’s analytical skills?
解析：B。录音中间指出，玩脑力游戏是一种有趣的提升分析能力的方法。这些游戏可以给你挑战，让你习惯于采用某种特定的方式思考，从而帮助你提升自己的思考能力。B项的games that challenge one’s mind对应录音中的These are game that challenge you to think...，故B项正确。A项是扩展世界观的方法，不符合提议。其余两项并未在原文提及，故排除。
18、Question 18 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Participate in debates or discussions.
B、Expose themselves to different cultures.
C、Discard personal biases and prejudices.
D、Give others freedom to express themselves.
解析：
Passage One
听力原文
(16) Analytical skills are our ability to understand and solve problems using information we have available. These skills are extremely important for our professional, social, and intellectual lives. What are the best ways to improve them? One way is to expand your worldview. Unfortunately, this takes time. Ultimately, it will help you better evaluate information and analyze different ideas and outcomes. Traveling is a great way to expand your worldview, although it can be expensive. (17) An entertaining way of enhancing your analytical skills is to engage them by playing brain games. These are games that challenge you to think deeply and to develop your analytical skills. These games will get you used to thinking in a certain way. As a result, they will help improve your ability to think. However, opinions vary on whether video games are effective. The general consensus is that the best ones avoid mindless violence, and instead focus on strategy and challenge us to solve problems and achieve broad goals. (18) Joining a debate or reading club or group is also a good idea. These provide people with the opportunity to come together and discuss ideas, literature and problems. Groups like these will help you refine your analytical skills and enable you to express yourself better. Any social group that encourages free exchange of ideas and pursuit of knowledge is beneficial. It helps you to actively develop your analytical skills.
18. What else does the speaker advise people to do to improve their analytical skills?
解析：A。录音最后指出，参加辩论、读书会或小组也是很好的办法。接着又指出这些场合给人讨论想法的机会，A项中的debates or discussions指代在辩论、读书会和小组等场合中开展的活动，故选A。原文中提到，参加鼓励自由交流想法的社团有益于提高我们的分析能力，但并不是说自由表达自我就能提升分析力，故D错误。另外两个选项在原文中均未提及，故排除。
19、Question 19 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Why dogs can be faithful friends of humans.
B、The nature of relationships between dogs.
C、The reason a great many people love dogs.
D、How dogs feel about their bonds with humans.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
There’s an endless amount of scientific data proving that dogs can develop strong bonds with their owners. People aren’t kidding when they say they “love” their dog or their dog “loves” them. (19) But we’re rather ignorant about the nature of the relationships that form between dogs. In an effort to understand the matter further, I spoke with Dr. Marc Bekoff a researcher and former professor of animal behavior. (20) The doctor’s response to the question of whether or not dogs can fall in love like humans do was a straight “of course”. He went on to say that if love is defined as a long-term commitment—meaning dogs seek one another out when they’re apart, they’re happy when they’re reunited, they protect one another, they feed one another, they raise their children together—then, of course, dogs love each other. Now our furry friends don’t really experience “romantic” love, like in the movies, but they can form deep and lasting bonds with their fellow dogs as well as humans. (21) In fact, evidence shows that most dogs stay with one partner their whole lives. In actuality, love between dogs can be even more intimate than human relationships. When they interact, they aren’t afraid to smell each other and will express themselves clearly and honestly. Once again, it seems we have a lot to learn from dogs.
19. What does the passage say we don’t know much about?
解析：B。录音开头指出，人们很难意识到狗与狗之间关系的本质。题干中的don’t know much about与原文中的ignorant about属于同义替换，而B项中The nature of relationships between dogs与原文表述一致，因此B项正确。A项在原文中未提及，故排除。C项利用录音中People和“love” their dogs作干扰，但原文并非讨论人类爱狗的原因，故排除。D项利用录音中的bonds with作干扰，但同样并非是录音讨论的话题，故排除。
20、Question 20 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They behave like other animals in many ways.
B、They have an unusual sense of responsibility.
C、They can respond to humans’ questions.
D、They can fall in love just like humans.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
There’s an endless amount of scientific data proving that dogs can develop strong bonds with their owners. People aren’t kidding when they say they “love” their dog or their dog “loves” them. (19) But we’re rather ignorant about the nature of the relationships that form between dogs. In an effort to understand the matter further, I spoke with Dr. Marc Bekoff a researcher and former professor of animal behavior. (20) The doctor’s response to the question of whether or not dogs can fall in love like humans do was a straight “of course”. He went on to say that if love is defined as a long-term commitment—meaning dogs seek one another out when they’re apart, they’re happy when they’re reunited, they protect one another, they feed one another, they raise their children together—then, of course, dogs love each other. Now our furry friends don’t really experience “romantic” love, like in the movies, but they can form deep and lasting bonds with their fellow dogs as well as humans. (21) In fact, evidence shows that most dogs stay with one partner their whole lives. In actuality, love between dogs can be even more intimate than human relationships. When they interact, they aren’t afraid to smell each other and will express themselves clearly and honestly. Once again, it seems we have a lot to learn from dogs.
20. What does Dr. Mark Bekoff say about dogs?
解析：D。录音中间提到，作者在问到狗是否可以像人类一样相爱的时候，博士直截了当地回答“当然”。由此可知，贝科夫博士认为狗可以像人类一样相爱，故D项正确。C项利用录音原词respond和questions作干扰，但录音中说的是Marc博士所作回应，并非狗对人类的回应，故错误。A和B两项在文中均未提及，故排除。
21、Question 21 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They stay with one partner for life.
B、They have their own joys and sorrows.
C、They experience true romantic love.
D、They help humans in various ways.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
There’s an endless amount of scientific data proving that dogs can develop strong bonds with their owners. People aren’t kidding when they say they “love” their dog or their dog “loves” them. (19) But we’re rather ignorant about the nature of the relationships that form between dogs. In an effort to understand the matter further, I spoke with Dr. Marc Bekoff a researcher and former professor of animal behavior. (20) The doctor’s response to the question of whether or not dogs can fall in love like humans do was a straight “of course”. He went on to say that if love is defined as a long-term commitment—meaning dogs seek one another out when they’re apart, they’re happy when they’re reunited, they protect one another, they feed one another, they raise their children together—then, of course, dogs love each other. Now our furry friends don’t really experience “romantic” love, like in the movies, but they can form deep and lasting bonds with their fellow dogs as well as humans. (21) In fact, evidence shows that most dogs stay with one partner their whole lives. In actuality, love between dogs can be even more intimate than human relationships. When they interact, they aren’t afraid to smell each other and will express themselves clearly and honestly. Once again, it seems we have a lot to learn from dogs.
21. What does the speaker say about most dogs?
解析：A。录音最后提到，实际上，有证据显示，大部分狗一生只与一个伴侣相伴。因此A项符合讲话者的表述，故A项正确。录音中也提到了romantic love，但说的是狗并不会感受到浪漫爱情，因此C项与录音原文相悖，故错误。其余两项在原文中均未提及，故排除。
22、Question 22 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、A rare animal.
B、A historical site.
C、A cow bone.
D、A precious stone.
解析：
Passage Three
听力原文
A piece of history has been found thanks to a boy tripping on a rare, 1.2 million-year-old animal fossil. In November 2016, Jude Sparks, now 10, was on an outing with his family near their New Mexico home (22) when he tripped over what he thought was a cow bone. (23) Now, researchers at New Mexico State University are preserving this discovery, which was identified as an ancient elephant-like animal. Kyle Sparks, father of Jude, said he let his son decide what to do with the fossil. So Jude reached out to Peter Houde, a professor at New Mexico State University, who had experience with the same type of fossil in the past. The next day, Houde came out to see the fossil for himself. Houde told ABC News that he was quite excited about the find. (24) “It was fortunate that the family didn’t try to dig up the fossil because that could destroy the specimen; they did the right thing by calling someone who would know what to do.” “It’s great for the community because now everybody can appreciate it,” he added. Houde and his fellow faculty members dug up the fossil in late May. (25) They hope to return to the site with geologists for an additional search as there could be more fossils near the site. Jude and his family had been invited by the researchers to see the fossil being preserved at the university.
22. What did the boy Jude Sparks think he had discovered?
解析：C。录音开头提到，裘德·斯巴克斯在郊游的时候在一样东西上绊了一跤，当时他还以为是块牛骨头（a cow bone）。因此C项正确。A项利用录音原词rare animal作干扰，但男孩在绊倒时并不知道这是稀有动物化石，故错误。其余两项在录音中均未提及，故排除。
23、Question 23 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Dating it.
B、Preserving it.
C、Measuring it.
D、Identifying it.
解析：
Passage Three
听力原文
A piece of history has been found thanks to a boy tripping on a rare, 1.2 million-year-old animal fossil. In November 2016, Jude Sparks, now 10, was on an outing with his family near their New Mexico home (22) when he tripped over what he thought was a cow bone. (23) Now, researchers at New Mexico State University are preserving this discovery, which was identified as an ancient elephant-like animal. Kyle Sparks, father of Jude, said he let his son decide what to do with the fossil. So Jude reached out to Peter Houde, a professor at New Mexico State University, who had experience with the same type of fossil in the past. The next day, Houde came out to see the fossil for himself. Houde told ABC News that he was quite excited about the find. (24) “It was fortunate that the family didn’t try to dig up the fossil because that could destroy the specimen; they did the right thing by calling someone who would know what to do.” “It’s great for the community because now everybody can appreciate it,” he added. Houde and his fellow faculty members dug up the fossil in late May. (25) They hope to return to the site with geologists for an additional search as there could be more fossils near the site. Jude and his family had been invited by the researchers to see the fossil being preserved at the university.
23. What are the researchers at New Mexico State University doing with the boy’s discovery?
解析：B。录音前半部分指出，而现在，新墨西哥州州立大学的研究员们正在保护这项发现，因为这块化石被鉴定为来自于一种形似大象的上古动物，故B项正确。D项中的identify属于干扰信息，需排除。其余两项在录音中均未提及，故排除。
24、Question 24 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、The channel needs to interview the boy.
B、The boy should have called an expert.
C、The boy’s family had acted correctly.
D、The site should have been protected.
解析：
Passage Three
听力原文
A piece of history has been found thanks to a boy tripping on a rare, 1.2 million-year-old animal fossil. In November 2016, Jude Sparks, now 10, was on an outing with his family near their New Mexico home (22) when he tripped over what he thought was a cow bone. (23) Now, researchers at New Mexico State University are preserving this discovery, which was identified as an ancient elephant-like animal. Kyle Sparks, father of Jude, said he let his son decide what to do with the fossil. So Jude reached out to Peter Houde, a professor at New Mexico State University, who had experience with the same type of fossil in the past. The next day, Houde came out to see the fossil for himself. Houde told ABC News that he was quite excited about the find. (24) “It was fortunate that the family didn’t try to dig up the fossil because that could destroy the specimen; they did the right thing by calling someone who would know what to do.” “It’s great for the community because now everybody can appreciate it,” he added. Houde and his fellow faculty members dug up the fossil in late May. (25) They hope to return to the site with geologists for an additional search as there could be more fossils near the site. Jude and his family had been invited by the researchers to see the fossil being preserved at the university.
24. What did Professor Peter Houde say when interviewed by ABC News?
解析：C。录音中间指出，胡德告诉ABC新闻台，这家人去找懂得怎么处理化石的人的做法是正确的。因此胡德认为男孩的家庭做了正确的事，故C项正确。男孩在发现化石后并未自行挖出来，而是联系了懂得化石的人来处理，故B项不正确。其余选项在录音中均未提及，故排除。
25、Question 25 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Conduct a more detailed search.
B、Ask the university to reward Jude.
C、Search for similar fossils elsewhere.
D、Seek additional funds for the search.
解析：
Passage Three
听力原文
A piece of history has been found thanks to a boy tripping on a rare, 1.2 million-year-old animal fossil. In November 2016, Jude Sparks, now 10, was on an outing with his family near their New Mexico home (22) when he tripped over what he thought was a cow bone. (23) Now, researchers at New Mexico State University are preserving this discovery, which was identified as an ancient elephant-like animal. Kyle Sparks, father of Jude, said he let his son decide what to do with the fossil. So Jude reached out to Peter Houde, a professor at New Mexico State University, who had experience with the same type of fossil in the past. The next day, Houde came out to see the fossil for himself. Houde told ABC News that he was quite excited about the find. (24) “It was fortunate that the family didn’t try to dig up the fossil because that could destroy the specimen; they did the right thing by calling someone who would know what to do.” “It’s great for the community because now everybody can appreciate it,” he added. Houde and his fellow faculty members dug up the fossil in late May. (25) They hope to return to the site with geologists for an additional search as there could be more fossils near the site. Jude and his family had been invited by the researchers to see the fossil being preserved at the university.
25. What do the researchers plan to do?
解析：A。录音末尾指出，研究人员希望能与地质学家一起回到挖掘现场，进一步探索会不会在附近找到更多化石。A项的a more detailed search对应录音中的an additional search，故A项正确。录音只提到这些研究人员邀请裘德的家庭去观赏化石，这不等同于请求大学奖励裘德，故B项错误。录音中说到，研究人员要回到挖掘这块化石的现场，而不是别处，故C项排除。D项在文中未提及，故排除。
二、Part III Reading Comprehension
When travelling overseas, do you buy water in plastic bottles or take your chances with tap water? Imagine you are wandering about on a Thai island or (26)_____ the ruins of Angkor. It’s hot so you grab a bottle of water from a local vendor. It’s the safe thing to do, right? The bottle is (27)_____ , and the label says “pure water”. But maybe what’s inside is not so (28)_____. Would you still be drinking it if you knew that more than 90 percent of all bottled water sold around the world (29)_____ microplastics？
That’s the conclusion of a recently (30)_____ study, which analysed 259 bottles from 11 brands sold in nine countries, (31)_____ an average of 325 plastic particles per litre of water. These microplastics included a (32)_____ commonly known as PET and widely used in the manufacture of clothing and food and (33)_____ containers. The study was conducted at the State University of New York on behalf of Orb Media, a journalism organisation. About a million bottles are bought every minute, not only by thirsty tourists but also by many of the 2.1 billion worldwide who live with unsafe drinking water.
Confronted with this (34)_____ , several bottled-water manufacturers including Nestle and Coca-Cola undertook their own studies using the same methodology. These studies showed that their water did contain microplastics, but far less than the Orb study suggested. Regardless, the World Health Organisation has launched a review into the (35)_____ health risks of drinking water from plastic bottles.
26、(1)
A、instant
B、evidence
C、contains
D、modified
E、defending
F、potential
G、adequate
H、natural
I、revealing
J、sealed
K、liquid
L、solves
M、substance
N、released
O、admiring
解析：
名词
evidence 证明；证据
instant 瞬间；片刻
liquid 液体；液态物
natural 有天赋的人
potential 可能性
substance 物质；物品
动词
admiring 欣赏；赞美
contains 包含；容纳
defending 防御；保卫
modified 改；变更
released 释放；发布
revealing 显露；揭露
sealed 密封；盖章
solves 解决；解答
形容词
adequate 足够的；合格的
admiring 赞赏的，羡慕的
instant 立刻的；紧迫的
liquid 液体的；流畅的
natural 自然的；天生的
potential 潜在的
revealing 揭露真相的；暴露的
sealed 密封的
26. admiring
解析：动词辨析题。空格所在句中or连接两个并列的成分，空格前为or，空格后为名词词组。本句是在描绘假想的两种情况，空格前说的是在泰国岛屿漫步（wandering），因此空格所填的形式应与wandering一致。根据句意，遗址应该是用于参观欣赏的，-ing形式的动词中只有admiring代入空格能构成合理语义，意为“欣赏吴哥窟的遗迹”，故选admiring。
27. sealed
解析：空格前为is，推断空格处应填入动词分词形式，与is一同构成谓语，或者填入形容词形式构成主系表结构。根据句意，新买到的水，瓶口应该是“密封”的，故应选sealed。
28. natural
解析：形容词辨析题。空格所在句主语为what’s inside，谓语是be动词is，空格前有副词so修饰，故应填入形容词作表语。上文提到，瓶子是密封的，标签上写着“纯净水”，而此句表转折，应与前面提到的“纯净”形成对比，故填入natural，意为“但也许里面的成分不是那么天然”，符合题意。
29. contains
解析：动词辨析题。空格所在句是knew之后that引导的宾语从句，句子缺少谓语动词，是一般现在时，主语是不可数名词water，故应用三单形式的动词作谓语，选项中符合要求的有contains和solves。再根据句意，塑料微粒应该是瓶装水中含有的，contains代入原句符合题意。
30. released
解析：空格所在句主干成分完整，空格前面为副词，后面为名词，因此应该填入形容词或分词作定语。根据句意，最新的一项研究应该是被“发布”的，故填入过去分词released作定语，意为“最近公布的一项研究”，符合题意。
31. revealing
解析：动词辨析题。空格所在句主干成分完整，空格前为which引导的非限制性定语从句，空格后面接的是名词短语用来表明研究的结果，故空格应填入动词现在分词作结果状语。根据句意，调查结果应该是揭示了后面的现象，将revealing代入句中，意为“结果揭示了平均每升水含有325颗塑料微粒这一事实”，符合题意。
32. substance
解析：名词辨析题。空格所在句子缺少宾语成分，空格前为冠词a，故空格应填入名词作宾语，符合这一要求的有liquid和substance。再根据句意，应该是这些塑料微粒里面包含一种叫做PET的物质，将substance代入符合题意。
33. liquid
解析：形容词辨析题。空格所在句子中and连接并列成分containers和clothing and food，空格位于名词前，故应该填入形容词作定语。根据上下文，and 前面说的是PET用于衣服和食品加工，以及____容器生产，形容词中只有liquid代入文中符合题意。
34. evidence
解析：名词辨析题。空格前面有代词this, 空格处应填入名词和this一起作with 介词后面的宾语，结合上文提到的许多关于瓶装水不安全的事例，这从某种意义上可以作为瓶装水危害健康的证据，因此空格处应填入evidence，符合题意。
35. potential
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为名词，故空格处应填入形容词修饰名词，根据上文，因为瓶装水的安全风险到底如何还没有确定的结论，所以此处评估的应该是潜在的风险，将potential代入句中意为“世界卫生组织对瓶装水的潜在安全风险进行评估”，符合题意。
27、(2)
A、instant
B、evidence
C、contains
D、modified
E、defending
F、potential
G、adequate
H、natural
I、revealing
J、sealed
K、liquid
L、solves
M、substance
N、released
O、admiring
解析：见上一题！
28、(3)
A、instant
B、evidence
C、contains
D、modified
E、defending
F、potential
G、adequate
H、natural
I、revealing
J、sealed
K、liquid
L、solves
M、substance
N、released
O、admiring
解析：见上一题！
29、(4)
A、instant
B、evidence
C、contains
D、modified
E、defending
F、potential
G、adequate
H、natural
I、revealing
J、sealed
K、liquid
L、solves
M、substance
N、released
O、admiring
解析：见上一题！
30、(5)
A、instant
B、evidence
C、contains
D、modified
E、defending
F、potential
G、adequate
H、natural
I、revealing
J、sealed
K、liquid
L、solves
M、substance
N、released
O、admiring
解析：见上一题！
31、(6)
A、instant
B、evidence
C、contains
D、modified
E、defending
F、potential
G、adequate
H、natural
I、revealing
J、sealed
K、liquid
L、solves
M、substance
N、released
O、admiring
解析：见上一题！
32、(7)
A、instant
B、evidence
C、contains
D、modified
E、defending
F、potential
G、adequate
H、natural
I、revealing
J、sealed
K、liquid
L、solves
M、substance
N、released
O、admiring
解析：见上一题！
33、(8)
A、instant
B、evidence
C、contains
D、modified
E、defending
F、potential
G、adequate
H、natural
I、revealing
J、sealed
K、liquid
L、solves
M、substance
N、released
O、admiring
解析：见上一题！
34、(9)
A、instant
B、evidence
C、contains
D、modified
E、defending
F、potential
G、adequate
H、natural
I、revealing
J、sealed
K、liquid
L、solves
M、substance
N、released
O、admiring
解析：见上一题！
35、(10)
A、instant
B、evidence
C、contains
D、modified
E、defending
F、potential
G、adequate
H、natural
I、revealing
J、sealed
K、liquid
L、solves
M、substance
N、released
O、admiring
解析：见上一题！
The quiet heroism of mail delivery
36、36. The United States Postal Service has a system to ensure its employees’ safety.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
解析：36. 美国邮政服务有一套确保员工安全的系统。
