一、Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1、Question 1 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、It focuses exclusively on jazz.
B、It sponsors major jazz concerts.
C、It has several branches in London.
D、It displays albums by new music talents.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
M: Excuse me. Where’s your rock music section?
W: Rock music? I’m sorry, (1) we’re a jazz store. We don’t have any rock and roll.
M: Oh, you only have jazz music? Nothing else?
W: (1) That’s right. We’re the only record store in London dedicated exclusively to jazz. Actually, we’re more than just a record store. We have a café and library upstairs and a ticket office down the hall, where you can buy tickets to all the major jazz concerts in the city. Also, we have our own studio next door, where we produce albums for up-and-coming artists. We are committed to fostering new music talent.
M: Wow! That’s so cool! (2) I guess there’s not much of a jazz scene anymore, not like they used to be, but here you’re trying to promote this great music genre.
W: Yes, indeed, nowadays most people like to listen to pop and rock music. Hip hop music from America is also getting more and more popular. (2) So as a result, there’re fewer listeners of jazz, which is a great shame, because it’s an incredibly rich genre. But that’s not to say there isn’t any good new jazz music being made out there anymore. Far from it. It’s just a much smaller market today.
M: So how would you define jazz?
W: (3) Well, interestingly enough, there’s no agreed-upon definition of jazz. Indeed, there are many different styles of jazz. Some have singing, but most don’t. Some are electric and some aren’t. Some contain live experimentation, but not always. While there’s no simple definition for it, and while there’re many different styles of jazz, you simply know it when you hear it. (4) Honestly, the only way to know what jazz is, is listen to it yourself. As the great trumpet player, Louis Armstrong said, if you gotta ask, you’ll never know.
1. What do we learn about the woman’s store?
解析：A。录音中女士说到，这是一家爵士乐唱片店，不卖摇滚乐唱片，后面针对男士的问题，女士又进一步说到这是伦敦唯一一家只卖爵士乐唱片的店，所以选A。文中说在店里的售票处可以买到大型爵士音乐会的票，并不是赞助音乐会，故B项错误。文中没有说明该店是否有分店，故排除C项。女士在录音中表示，该店有一间录音棚为新人录制专辑，并非展示，故D项错误。
2、Question 2 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、It originated with cowboys.
B、Its market has now shrunk.
C、Its listeners are mostly young people.
D、It remains as widespread as hip hop music.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
M: Excuse me. Where’s your rock music section?
W: Rock music? I’m sorry, (1) we’re a jazz store. We don’t have any rock and roll.
M: Oh, you only have jazz music? Nothing else?
W: (1) That’s right. We’re the only record store in London dedicated exclusively to jazz. Actually, we’re more than just a record store. We have a café and library upstairs and a ticket office down the hall, where you can buy tickets to all the major jazz concerts in the city. Also, we have our own studio next door, where we produce albums for up-and-coming artists. We are committed to fostering new music talent.
M: Wow! That’s so cool! (2) I guess there’s not much of a jazz scene anymore, not like they used to be, but here you’re trying to promote this great music genre.
W: Yes, indeed, nowadays most people like to listen to pop and rock music. Hip hop music from America is also getting more and more popular. (2) So as a result, there’re fewer listeners of jazz, which is a great shame, because it’s an incredibly rich genre. But that’s not to say there isn’t any good new jazz music being made out there anymore. Far from it. It’s just a much smaller market today.
M: So how would you define jazz?
W: (3) Well, interestingly enough, there’s no agreed-upon definition of jazz. Indeed, there are many different styles of jazz. Some have singing, but most don’t. Some are electric and some aren’t. Some contain live experimentation, but not always. While there’s no simple definition for it, and while there’re many different styles of jazz, you simply know it when you hear it. (4) Honestly, the only way to know what jazz is, is listen to it yourself. As the great trumpet player, Louis Armstrong said, if you gotta ask, you’ll never know.
2. What does the man say about jazz music?
解析：B。录音中男士说到，他觉得现在已没有多少爵士乐的活动圈子了，比不上从前了。后面女士接着说到，所以现在爵士乐的听众更少了，也就是说爵士乐的市场与过去相比是缩小了的，因此选B。录音中女士提到，美国的嘻哈乐也越来越受欢迎，而爵士乐的市场已经变小，因此二者并非同样受欢迎，故D项错误。A项和C项在录音中未提及，故排除。解析：B。录音中男士说到，他觉得现在已没有多少爵士乐的活动圈子了，比不上从前了。后面女士接着说到，所以现在爵士乐的听众更少了，也就是说爵士乐的市场与过去相比是缩小了的，因此选B。录音中女士提到，美国的嘻哈乐也越来越受欢迎，而爵士乐的市场已经变小，因此二者并非同样受欢迎，故D项错误。A项和C项在录音中未提及，故排除。
3、Question 3 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Its definition is varied and complicated.
B、It is still going through experimentation.
C、It is frequently accompanied by singing.
D、Its style has remained largely unchanged.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
M: Excuse me. Where’s your rock music section?
W: Rock music? I’m sorry, (1) we’re a jazz store. We don’t have any rock and roll.
M: Oh, you only have jazz music? Nothing else?
W: (1) That’s right. We’re the only record store in London dedicated exclusively to jazz. Actually, we’re more than just a record store. We have a café and library upstairs and a ticket office down the hall, where you can buy tickets to all the major jazz concerts in the city. Also, we have our own studio next door, where we produce albums for up-and-coming artists. We are committed to fostering new music talent.
M: Wow! That’s so cool! (2) I guess there’s not much of a jazz scene anymore, not like they used to be, but here you’re trying to promote this great music genre.
W: Yes, indeed, nowadays most people like to listen to pop and rock music. Hip hop music from America is also getting more and more popular. (2) So as a result, there’re fewer listeners of jazz, which is a great shame, because it’s an incredibly rich genre. But that’s not to say there isn’t any good new jazz music being made out there anymore. Far from it. It’s just a much smaller market today.
M: So how would you define jazz?
W: (3) Well, interestingly enough, there’s no agreed-upon definition of jazz. Indeed, there are many different styles of jazz. Some have singing, but most don’t. Some are electric and some aren’t. Some contain live experimentation, but not always. While there’s no simple definition for it, and while there’re many different styles of jazz, you simply know it when you hear it. (4) Honestly, the only way to know what jazz is, is listen to it yourself. As the great trumpet player, Louis Armstrong said, if you gotta ask, you’ll never know.
3. What does the woman say about jazz?
解析：A。录音中女士说到，人们对爵士乐的定义没有一致的看法，实际上爵士音乐的风格很多样，A项表述与此相符，因此选A。B项用experimentation作干扰，而原文中的意思是，爵士乐包含现场实验音乐，而不是处于试验阶段，故排除。C项干扰性较强，录音中说到的是爵士乐中有的会有歌唱的内容，有的没有，并不是说经常会有，故排除。D项在文中没有说明。
4、Question 4 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Learn to play them.
B、Take music lessons.
C、Listen to them yourself.
D、Consult jazz musicians.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
M: Excuse me. Where’s your rock music section?
W: Rock music? I’m sorry, (1) we’re a jazz store. We don’t have any rock and roll.
M: Oh, you only have jazz music? Nothing else?
W: (1) That’s right. We’re the only record store in London dedicated exclusively to jazz. Actually, we’re more than just a record store. We have a café and library upstairs and a ticket office down the hall, where you can buy tickets to all the major jazz concerts in the city. Also, we have our own studio next door, where we produce albums for up-and-coming artists. We are committed to fostering new music talent.
M: Wow! That’s so cool! (2) I guess there’s not much of a jazz scene anymore, not like they used to be, but here you’re trying to promote this great music genre.
W: Yes, indeed, nowadays most people like to listen to pop and rock music. Hip hop music from America is also getting more and more popular. (2) So as a result, there’re fewer listeners of jazz, which is a great shame, because it’s an incredibly rich genre. But that’s not to say there isn’t any good new jazz music being made out there anymore. Far from it. It’s just a much smaller market today.
M: So how would you define jazz?
W: (3) Well, interestingly enough, there’s no agreed-upon definition of jazz. Indeed, there are many different styles of jazz. Some have singing, but most don’t. Some are electric and some aren’t. Some contain live experimentation, but not always. While there’s no simple definition for it, and while there’re many different styles of jazz, you simply know it when you hear it. (4) Honestly, the only way to know what jazz is, is listen to it yourself. As the great trumpet player, Louis Armstrong said, if you gotta ask, you’ll never know.
4. What should you do to appreciate different styles of jazz according to the woman?
解析：C。录音最后女士说到，了解爵士乐唯一的方法是自己去听，之后又引用一位音乐家的话“如果非要问的话，就永远不会知道”从反面来说明了这一观点，因此选C。
5、Question 5 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、She paid her mortgage.
B、She called on the man.
C、She made a business plan.
D、She went to the bank.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
M: (5) How did it go at the bank this morning?
W: Not well, my proposal was rejected.
M: Really, but why?
W: Bunch of reasons. (6) For starters, they said my credit history was not good enough.
M: Do they say how you could improve that?
W: Yes, they said that after five more years of paying my mortgage, then I will become a more viable candidate for a business loan. But right now, it’s too risky for them to lend me money. They fear I will default on any business loan I’m given.
M: Well, that doesn’t sound fair. (7)Your business idea is amazing. Did you show them your business plan? What did they say?
W: They didn’t really articulate any position regarding the actual business plan. They simply looked at my credit history and determined it was not good enough. They said the bank has strict guidelines and requirements as to who they can lend money to. And I simply don’t meet their financial threshold.
M: (8) What if you ask for a smaller amount? Maybe you could gather capital from other sources, smaller loans from more lenders?
W: You don’t get it. It doesn’t matter the size of the loan I ask for or the type of business I propose. That’s all inconsequential. The first thing every bank will do is studying how much money I have and how much debt I have before they decide whether or not to lend me any more money. (7) If I want to continue ahead with this dream of owning my own business, I have no other choice but to build up my own finances. I need around 20% more in personal savings and 50% less debt. That’s all there is to it.
M: I see now. Well, it’s a huge pity that they rejected your request, but don’t lose hope. I still think that your idea is great and that you will turn it into a phenomenal success.
5. What did the woman do this morning?
解析：D。录音一开始男士问女士去银行的情况怎样，由此可知女士是去银行了，因此选D。录音中提到女士去了银行，但并未说是去还按揭贷款，A项过度推断，故排除。B项在录音中未提及，故排除。录音中虽提到了business plan，但并不是今天早上做的，故排除C项。
6、Question 6 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Her previous debt hadn’t been cleared yet.
B、Her credit history was considered poor.
C、She had apparently asked for too much.
D、She didn’t pay her mortgage in time.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
M: (5) How did it go at the bank this morning?
W: Not well, my proposal was rejected.
M: Really, but why?
W: Bunch of reasons. (6) For starters, they said my credit history was not good enough.
M: Do they say how you could improve that?
W: Yes, they said that after five more years of paying my mortgage, then I will become a more viable candidate for a business loan. But right now, it’s too risky for them to lend me money. They fear I will default on any business loan I’m given.
M: Well, that doesn’t sound fair. (7)Your business idea is amazing. Did you show them your business plan? What did they say?
W: They didn’t really articulate any position regarding the actual business plan. They simply looked at my credit history and determined it was not good enough. They said the bank has strict guidelines and requirements as to who they can lend money to. And I simply don’t meet their financial threshold.
M: (8) What if you ask for a smaller amount? Maybe you could gather capital from other sources, smaller loans from more lenders?
W: You don’t get it. It doesn’t matter the size of the loan I ask for or the type of business I propose. That’s all inconsequential. The first thing every bank will do is studying how much money I have and how much debt I have before they decide whether or not to lend me any more money. (7) If I want to continue ahead with this dream of owning my own business, I have no other choice but to build up my own finances. I need around 20% more in personal savings and 50% less debt. That’s all there is to it.
M: I see now. Well, it’s a huge pity that they rejected your request, but don’t lose hope. I still think that your idea is great and that you will turn it into a phenomenal success.
6. Why was the woman’s proposal rejected?
解析：B。录音中男士问女士为什么提议被拒，女士回答说，有很多原因，首先是说银行认为她信用记录不够好，B项内容符合此内容，故选B。录音中男士问女士，如果申请金额少一点是否可行，女士明确回答说银行是否放贷与贷款金额无关，故C项错误。文中并未提到女士的债务和按揭还款情况，故排除其余选项。
7、Question 7 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Pay a debt long overdue.
B、Buy a piece of property.
C、Start her own business.
D、Check her credit history.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
M: (5) How did it go at the bank this morning?
W: Not well, my proposal was rejected.
M: Really, but why?
W: Bunch of reasons. (6) For starters, they said my credit history was not good enough.
M: Do they say how you could improve that?
W: Yes, they said that after five more years of paying my mortgage, then I will become a more viable candidate for a business loan. But right now, it’s too risky for them to lend me money. They fear I will default on any business loan I’m given.
M: Well, that doesn’t sound fair. (7)Your business idea is amazing. Did you show them your business plan? What did they say?
W: They didn’t really articulate any position regarding the actual business plan. They simply looked at my credit history and determined it was not good enough. They said the bank has strict guidelines and requirements as to who they can lend money to. And I simply don’t meet their financial threshold.
M: (8) What if you ask for a smaller amount? Maybe you could gather capital from other sources, smaller loans from more lenders?
W: You don’t get it. It doesn’t matter the size of the loan I ask for or the type of business I propose. That’s all inconsequential. The first thing every bank will do is studying how much money I have and how much debt I have before they decide whether or not to lend me any more money. (7) If I want to continue ahead with this dream of owning my own business, I have no other choice but to build up my own finances. I need around 20% more in personal savings and 50% less debt. That’s all there is to it.
M: I see now. Well, it’s a huge pity that they rejected your request, but don’t lose hope. I still think that your idea is great and that you will turn it into a phenomenal success.
7. What is the woman planning to do?
解析：C。录音开始时说女士的提议被银行拒绝，录音中间部分男士说到女士的商业创意很棒，问她有没有给银行的人员看她的商业计划，由此可知，女士是计划开展一项事业而向银行申请商业贷款。录音末尾部分女士也提到，如果想继续拥有自己的事业，她只能改善自己的财务状况。C项内容与此相符，因此选C。A项利用debt作干扰，但原文只是说女士因为有债务而影响了贷款，而贷款的目的并不是偿还债务，故排除。B项未提及，故排除。录音中只是说女士的信用记录不够好，并未提及女士要去核查她的信用纪录，D项属于过度推断，故排除。
8、Question 8 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Seek advice from an expert about fundraising.
B、Ask for smaller loans from different lenders.
C、Build up her own finances step by step.
D、Revise her business proposal carefully.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
M: (5) How did it go at the bank this morning?
W: Not well, my proposal was rejected.
M: Really, but why?
W: Bunch of reasons. (6) For starters, they said my credit history was not good enough.
M: Do they say how you could improve that?
W: Yes, they said that after five more years of paying my mortgage, then I will become a more viable candidate for a business loan. But right now, it’s too risky for them to lend me money. They fear I will default on any business loan I’m given.
M: Well, that doesn’t sound fair. (7)Your business idea is amazing. Did you show them your business plan? What did they say?
W: They didn’t really articulate any position regarding the actual business plan. They simply looked at my credit history and determined it was not good enough. They said the bank has strict guidelines and requirements as to who they can lend money to. And I simply don’t meet their financial threshold.
M: (8) What if you ask for a smaller amount? Maybe you could gather capital from other sources, smaller loans from more lenders?
W: You don’t get it. It doesn’t matter the size of the loan I ask for or the type of business I propose. That’s all inconsequential. The first thing every bank will do is studying how much money I have and how much debt I have before they decide whether or not to lend me any more money. (7) If I want to continue ahead with this dream of owning my own business, I have no other choice but to build up my own finances. I need around 20% more in personal savings and 50% less debt. That’s all there is to it.
M: I see now. Well, it’s a huge pity that they rejected your request, but don’t lose hope. I still think that your idea is great and that you will turn it into a phenomenal success.
8. What does the man suggest the woman do?
解析：B。录音中女士说到她被银行拒绝的具体情况，男士接着说如果申请一些数额较小的贷款会怎样，或者可以从不同的贷款机构申请。也就是说，男士建议女士在不同的贷款机构申请更小数额的贷款来筹集资金，也许会不那么容易被拒绝，因此选B。A项未提及，故排除。C项是录音中女士自己说的，并不是男士建议，故排除。D项中提到的商业计划书男士认为很不错，并没有建议修改，故排除。
9、Question 9 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、It is profitable and environmentally friendly.
B、It is well located and completely automated.
C、It is small and unconventional.
D、It is fertile and productive.
解析：
Passage One
听力原文
There’s a lot about Leo Sanchez and his farm in Salinas, California (9) that seems unusual. The national average farm size is around 440 acres, but his is only one acre. The average age of farmers hovers around 58 years old, but he is just 26. And Sanchez constantly attempts to improve everything from seeding techniques out in the field to the promotion and sale of his produce online. This is evidence of an experimental approach. (9) It’s an approach not dictated by the confines of conventional, large-scale agriculture led by international corporations.
(10) While farming is often difficult for both the body and mind, Sanchez says he and many of his fellow young farmers are motivated by a desire to set a new standard for agriculture. Many of them are employing a multitude of technologies, some new and some… not so new. (11) Recently, Sanchez bought a hand-operated tool which pulls out weeds and loosens soil. It actually dates back to at least 1701. It stands in sharp contrast to Sanchez’s other gadget: a gas-powered flame weed-killer invented in 1997. He simply doesn’t discriminate when it comes to the newness of tools. If it works, it works.
Farmers have a long history of invention, and it’s no different today. Young farmers are guided by their love for agriculture and aided by their knowledge of technology. To find inexpensive and appropriately-sized tools, they collaborate and innovate. Sometimes the old stuff just works better, or more efficiently.
9. What do we learn about Leo Sanchez’s farm?
解析：C。录音开始时说，桑切斯和他的农场不同寻常，接着说出了不同之处：农场平均面积为400英亩，桑切斯的农场只有1英亩；农民的平均年龄为58，而他只有26岁。之后还提到，桑切斯的实验方法不受传统大规模农业的限制。由此可知，桑切斯的农场与常规的相比面积很小，而且是非传统的，C项表述符合此内容，因此选C。录音中未提及该农场是否盈利、位置好或是多产，故排除其余三项。
10、Question 10 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Their urge to make farming more enjoyable.
B、Their desire to improve farming equipment.
C、Their hope to revitalize traditional farming.
D、Their wish to set a new farming standard.
解析：
Passage One
听力原文
There’s a lot about Leo Sanchez and his farm in Salinas, California (9) that seems unusual. The national average farm size is around 440 acres, but his is only one acre. The average age of farmers hovers around 58 years old, but he is just 26. And Sanchez constantly attempts to improve everything from seeding techniques out in the field to the promotion and sale of his produce online. This is evidence of an experimental approach. (9) It’s an approach not dictated by the confines of conventional, large-scale agriculture led by international corporations.
(10) While farming is often difficult for both the body and mind, Sanchez says he and many of his fellow young farmers are motivated by a desire to set a new standard for agriculture. Many of them are employing a multitude of technologies, some new and some… not so new. (11) Recently, Sanchez bought a hand-operated tool which pulls out weeds and loosens soil. It actually dates back to at least 1701. It stands in sharp contrast to Sanchez’s other gadget: a gas-powered flame weed-killer invented in 1997. He simply doesn’t discriminate when it comes to the newness of tools. If it works, it works.
Farmers have a long history of invention, and it’s no different today. Young farmers are guided by their love for agriculture and aided by their knowledge of technology. To find inexpensive and appropriately-sized tools, they collaborate and innovate. Sometimes the old stuff just works better, or more efficiently.
10. What has motivated Leo Sanchez and his fellow young farmers to engage in farming?
解析：D。录音中间说到，桑切斯和他的农民伙伴们都有一个为农业设立新标准的愿望（motivated by a desire to set a new standard for agriculture），D项描述与此相符，因此选D。原文中并没有其他选项提到的意愿，故排除。
11、Question 11 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、It saves a lot of electricity.
B、It needs little maintenance.
C、It cause s hardly any pollution.
D、It loosens soil while weeding.
解析：
Passage One
听力原文
There’s a lot about Leo Sanchez and his farm in Salinas, California (9) that seems unusual. The national average farm size is around 440 acres, but his is only one acre. The average age of farmers hovers around 58 years old, but he is just 26. And Sanchez constantly attempts to improve everything from seeding techniques out in the field to the promotion and sale of his produce online. This is evidence of an experimental approach. (9) It’s an approach not dictated by the confines of conventional, large-scale agriculture led by international corporations.
(10) While farming is often difficult for both the body and mind, Sanchez says he and many of his fellow young farmers are motivated by a desire to set a new standard for agriculture. Many of them are employing a multitude of technologies, some new and some… not so new. (11) Recently, Sanchez bought a hand-operated tool which pulls out weeds and loosens soil. It actually dates back to at least 1701. It stands in sharp contrast to Sanchez’s other gadget: a gas-powered flame weed-killer invented in 1997. He simply doesn’t discriminate when it comes to the newness of tools. If it works, it works.
Farmers have a long history of invention, and it’s no different today. Young farmers are guided by their love for agriculture and aided by their knowledge of technology. To find inexpensive and appropriately-sized tools, they collaborate and innovate. Sometimes the old stuff just works better, or more efficiently.
11. Why did Leo Sanchez buy a hand-operated weeding tool?
解析：D。录音中说到手动除草工具时，说它既可以除草也可以松土，且在后面说到桑切斯不会因为工具的新旧而对其区别对待，只要有用就可以，D项表述符合这一内容，因此选D。A、B、C三项在文中皆未提及，故排除。
12、Question 12 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、It has turned certain insects into a new food source.
B、It has started to expand business outside the UK.
C、It has imported some exotic foods from overseas.
D、It has joined hands with Sainsbury’s to sell pet insects.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
(12) Eat Grub is Britain’s first new food company that breaks western food boundaries by introducing edible insects as a new source of food. And Sainsbury’s is the first UK supermarket to stock the company’s crunchy roasted crickets.
Sainsbury’s insists that such food is no joke and could be a new, sustainable source of protein. Out of curiosity, I paid a visit to Sainsbury’s. As I put my hand into a packet of crickets with their tiny eyes and legs, the idea of one going in my mouth made me feel a little sick. (13) But the first bite was a pleasant surprise. A little dry and lacking of taste, but at least a wing didn’t get stuck in my throat. The roasted seasoning largely overpowered any other flavor although there was slightly bitter aftertaste. The texture was crunchy, but smelt a little of cat food. Eat Grub also recommends the crickets as a topping for noodles, soups and salads.
(14) The company boasts that its dried crickets contain more protein than beef, chicken and pork, as well as minerals like iron and calcium. Unlike the production of meat, bugs do not use up large amounts of land, water or feed, (15) and insect farming also produces far fewer greenhouse gases. However, despite two billion people worldwide already supplementing their diet with insects, “consumer disgust” remains a large barrier in many western countries. I’m not sure bugs will become a popular snack anytime soon, but they’re definitely food for thought.
12. What do we learn from the passage about the food company Eat Grub?
解析：A。录音开始就说到Eat Grub是一家食品公司，打破了西方的食物界限，引入可食用的昆虫作为一种新的食物来源，A项表述与此相符，因此选A。原文中未提到Eat Grub公司扩展业务或进口异域食物，故排除B、C两项。录音中说到，塞恩斯伯里超市是英国第一家供应Eat Grub的昆虫食品的超市，并非售卖宠物昆虫，故D项错误。
13、Question 13 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、It was really unforgettable.
B、It was a pleasant surprise.
C、It hurt his throat slightly.
D、It made him feel strange.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
(12) Eat Grub is Britain’s first new food company that breaks western food boundaries by introducing edible insects as a new source of food. And Sainsbury’s is the first UK supermarket to stock the company’s crunchy roasted crickets.
Sainsbury’s insists that such food is no joke and could be a new, sustainable source of protein. Out of curiosity, I paid a visit to Sainsbury’s. As I put my hand into a packet of crickets with their tiny eyes and legs, the idea of one going in my mouth made me feel a little sick. (13) But the first bite was a pleasant surprise. A little dry and lacking of taste, but at least a wing didn’t get stuck in my throat. The roasted seasoning largely overpowered any other flavor although there was slightly bitter aftertaste. The texture was crunchy, but smelt a little of cat food. Eat Grub also recommends the crickets as a topping for noodles, soups and salads.
(14) The company boasts that its dried crickets contain more protein than beef, chicken and pork, as well as minerals like iron and calcium. Unlike the production of meat, bugs do not use up large amounts of land, water or feed, (15) and insect farming also produces far fewer greenhouse gases. However, despite two billion people worldwide already supplementing their diet with insects, “consumer disgust” remains a large barrier in many western countries. I’m not sure bugs will become a popular snack anytime soon, but they’re definitely food for thought.
13. What does the speaker say about his first bite on roasted crickets?
解析：B。录音中间部分说，讲话者出于好奇，去到卖昆虫食品的超市，但尝试烤蟋蟀的第一口竟是意外的惊喜，B项中的a pleasant surprise是原文重现，因此选B。录音中提到了throat，但原文说的是幸好没有蟋蟀的翅膀卡在喉咙里，并没有提到喉咙痛，故C项错误。A、D两项未提及，故排除。
14、Question 14 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They are more tasty than beef, chicken or pork.
B、They are more nutritious than soups and salads.
C、They contain more protein than conventional meats.
D、They will soon gain popularity throughout the world.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
(12) Eat Grub is Britain’s first new food company that breaks western food boundaries by introducing edible insects as a new source of food. And Sainsbury’s is the first UK supermarket to stock the company’s crunchy roasted crickets.
Sainsbury’s insists that such food is no joke and could be a new, sustainable source of protein. Out of curiosity, I paid a visit to Sainsbury’s. As I put my hand into a packet of crickets with their tiny eyes and legs, the idea of one going in my mouth made me feel a little sick. (13) But the first bite was a pleasant surprise. A little dry and lacking of taste, but at least a wing didn’t get stuck in my throat. The roasted seasoning largely overpowered any other flavor although there was slightly bitter aftertaste. The texture was crunchy, but smelt a little of cat food. Eat Grub also recommends the crickets as a topping for noodles, soups and salads.
(14) The company boasts that its dried crickets contain more protein than beef, chicken and pork, as well as minerals like iron and calcium. Unlike the production of meat, bugs do not use up large amounts of land, water or feed, (15) and insect farming also produces far fewer greenhouse gases. However, despite two billion people worldwide already supplementing their diet with insects, “consumer disgust” remains a large barrier in many western countries. I’m not sure bugs will become a popular snack anytime soon, but they’re definitely food for thought.
14. What does Eat Grub say about its dried crickets?
解析：C。录音中说到，Eat Grub夸口说他们的蟋蟀干比牛肉、鸡肉和猪肉含有更多的蛋白质、铁和钙等矿物质。C项中的more protein是原文重现，conventional meat则指代牛肉，鸡肉和猪肉等传统肉类，因此选C。而录音中只说到，这家公司夸口蟋蟀干比其他肉类含有更多蛋白质，并没有说美味，他们推荐蟋蟀作为汤和沙拉的配料，并不是比它们更营养，而录音最后说，说话者并不确定这种食物是否会流行，故A、B、D项错误。
15、Question 15 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、It is environmentally friendly.
B、It is a promising industry.
C、It requires new technology.
D、It saves huge amounts of labour.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
(12) Eat Grub is Britain’s first new food company that breaks western food boundaries by introducing edible insects as a new source of food. And Sainsbury’s is the first UK supermarket to stock the company’s crunchy roasted crickets.
Sainsbury’s insists that such food is no joke and could be a new, sustainable source of protein. Out of curiosity, I paid a visit to Sainsbury’s. As I put my hand into a packet of crickets with their tiny eyes and legs, the idea of one going in my mouth made me feel a little sick. (13) But the first bite was a pleasant surprise. A little dry and lacking of taste, but at least a wing didn’t get stuck in my throat. The roasted seasoning largely overpowered any other flavor although there was slightly bitter aftertaste. The texture was crunchy, but smelt a little of cat food. Eat Grub also recommends the crickets as a topping for noodles, soups and salads.
(14) The company boasts that its dried crickets contain more protein than beef, chicken and pork, as well as minerals like iron and calcium. Unlike the production of meat, bugs do not use up large amounts of land, water or feed, (15) and insect farming also produces far fewer greenhouse gases. However, despite two billion people worldwide already supplementing their diet with insects, “consumer disgust” remains a large barrier in many western countries. I’m not sure bugs will become a popular snack anytime soon, but they’re definitely food for thought.
15. What does the passage say about insect farming?
解析：A。录音后面部分讲到，昆虫的加工生产不会耗费大量的土地、水和饲料，而且相较于肉类生产，它产生的温室气体要少得多，A项中的environmentally friendly是对这一内容的概括，因此选A。录音中提到昆虫加工生产不会消耗大量的土地、水或饲料，但并未提到会节省劳动力，D项属于过度引申，故排除。B、C两项未提及，故排除。
16、Question 16 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、To categorize different types of learners.
B、To find out what students prefer to learn.
C、To understand the mechanism of the human brain.
D、To see if they are inherent traits affecting learning.
解析：
Recording One
听力原文
Have you ever had someone try to explain something to you a dozen times with no luck—but then, when you see a picture, the idea finally clicks? If that sounds familiar, maybe you might consider yourself a visual learner. Or, if reading or listening does the trick, maybe you feel like you’re a verbal learner.
We call these labels learning styles, but is there really a way to categorize different types of students? Well, it actually seems that multiple presentation formats, especially if one of them is visual, help most people learn.
(16) When psychologists and educators test for learning styles, they’re trying to figure out whether these are inherent traits that affect how well students learn, instead of just a preference. Usually, they start by giving a survey to figure out what style a student favors, like visual or verbal learning. Then, they try to teach the students something with a specific presentation style, like using visual aids, and do a follow-up test to see how much they learned. That way, the researchers can see if the self-identified verbal learners really learned better when the information was just spoken aloud, for example.
(17) But, according to a 2008 review, only one study that followed this design found that students actually learned best with their preferred style. But the study had some big flaws. The researchers excluded two thirds of the original participants because they didn’t seem to have any clear learning style from the survey at the beginning, and they didn’t even report the actual test scores in the final paper. So, it doesn’t really seem like learning styles are an inherent trait that we all have. But, that doesn’t mean that all students will do amazingly if they just spend all their time reading from a textbook.
Instead, most people seem to learn better if they’re taught in several ways, especially if one is visual. In one study, researchers tested whether students remembered lists of words better if they heard them, saw them, or both. And everyone seemed to do better if they got to see the words in print, even the self-identified auditory learners. Their preference didn’t seem to matter.
Similar studies tested whether students learned basic physics and chemistry concepts better by reading plain text or viewing pictures, too. (18) And everyone did better with the help of pictures.
16. Why do psychologists and educators study learning styles?
解析：D。录音中提到心理学家和教育学家时，说他们进行测试是试图弄清楚这些学习方式是否是影响学习效果的固有特质，而不仅是一种个人偏好，D项中的inherent traits是原词重现，因此选D。录音中提到了categorize different types of students，但原文是在就此提出疑问，并非是心理学家和教育学家研究学习方式的目的，故A项错误。
17、Question 17 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、It was defective.
B、It was misguided.
C、It was original in design.
D、It was thought-provoking.
解析：
Recording One
听力原文
Have you ever had someone try to explain something to you a dozen times with no luck—but then, when you see a picture, the idea finally clicks? If that sounds familiar, maybe you might consider yourself a visual learner. Or, if reading or listening does the trick, maybe you feel like you’re a verbal learner.
We call these labels learning styles, but is there really a way to categorize different types of students? Well, it actually seems that multiple presentation formats, especially if one of them is visual, help most people learn.
(16) When psychologists and educators test for learning styles, they’re trying to figure out whether these are inherent traits that affect how well students learn, instead of just a preference. Usually, they start by giving a survey to figure out what style a student favors, like visual or verbal learning. Then, they try to teach the students something with a specific presentation style, like using visual aids, and do a follow-up test to see how much they learned. That way, the researchers can see if the self-identified verbal learners really learned better when the information was just spoken aloud, for example.
(17) But, according to a 2008 review, only one study that followed this design found that students actually learned best with their preferred style. But the study had some big flaws. The researchers excluded two thirds of the original participants because they didn’t seem to have any clear learning style from the survey at the beginning, and they didn’t even report the actual test scores in the final paper. So, it doesn’t really seem like learning styles are an inherent trait that we all have. But, that doesn’t mean that all students will do amazingly if they just spend all their time reading from a textbook.
Instead, most people seem to learn better if they’re taught in several ways, especially if one is visual. In one study, researchers tested whether students remembered lists of words better if they heard them, saw them, or both. And everyone seemed to do better if they got to see the words in print, even the self-identified auditory learners. Their preference didn’t seem to matter.
Similar studies tested whether students learned basic physics and chemistry concepts better by reading plain text or viewing pictures, too. (18) And everyone did better with the help of pictures.
17. What does the speakers say about one study mentioned in the 2008 review?
解析：A。录音中提到2008年的一项报告评论时，讲到只有一项遵循上述设计的研究发现，学生用喜欢的方式学习会学得更好，但是这项研究有一些重大缺陷。A项中的defective是对录音中some big flaws的同义转换，因此选A。
18、Question 18 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Auditory aids are as important as visual aids.
B、Visual aids are helpful to all types of learners.
C、Reading plain texts is more effective than viewing pictures.
D、Scientific concepts are hard to understand without visual aids.
解析：
Recording One
听力原文
Have you ever had someone try to explain something to you a dozen times with no luck—but then, when you see a picture, the idea finally clicks? If that sounds familiar, maybe you might consider yourself a visual learner. Or, if reading or listening does the trick, maybe you feel like you’re a verbal learner.
We call these labels learning styles, but is there really a way to categorize different types of students? Well, it actually seems that multiple presentation formats, especially if one of them is visual, help most people learn.
(16) When psychologists and educators test for learning styles, they’re trying to figure out whether these are inherent traits that affect how well students learn, instead of just a preference. Usually, they start by giving a survey to figure out what style a student favors, like visual or verbal learning. Then, they try to teach the students something with a specific presentation style, like using visual aids, and do a follow-up test to see how much they learned. That way, the researchers can see if the self-identified verbal learners really learned better when the information was just spoken aloud, for example.
(17) But, according to a 2008 review, only one study that followed this design found that students actually learned best with their preferred style. But the study had some big flaws. The researchers excluded two thirds of the original participants because they didn’t seem to have any clear learning style from the survey at the beginning, and they didn’t even report the actual test scores in the final paper. So, it doesn’t really seem like learning styles are an inherent trait that we all have. But, that doesn’t mean that all students will do amazingly if they just spend all their time reading from a textbook.
Instead, most people seem to learn better if they’re taught in several ways, especially if one is visual. In one study, researchers tested whether students remembered lists of words better if they heard them, saw them, or both. And everyone seemed to do better if they got to see the words in print, even the self-identified auditory learners. Their preference didn’t seem to matter.
Similar studies tested whether students learned basic physics and chemistry concepts better by reading plain text or viewing pictures, too. (18) And everyone did better with the help of pictures.
18. What message does the speaker want to convey about learning at the end of the talk?
解析：B。录音后面部分讲到，在视觉辅助下，每个学生的表现都要更好，即使是那些自认为属于听觉型学习者的学生也同样如此。录音最后提到，在学习基本的物理和化学概念时，依旧是在图片辅助下的学生学得更好，B项表述符合此内容，因此选B。A项与原文意思相悖，需排除。C项说阅读纯文本比看图片更有效，与原文不符，故排除。D项说没有视觉辅助，科学概念很难理解，而文中只是说在图片辅助下会学得更好，属于过度推断，故排除。
19、Question 19 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Not playing a role in a workplace revolution.
B、Not benefiting from free-market capitalism.
C、Not earning enough money to provide for the family.
D、Not spending enough time on family life and leisure.
解析：
Recording Two
听力原文
Free-market capitalism hasn’t freed us—it has trapped us. It’s imperative for us to embrace a workplace revolution. We are unlikely to spend our last moments regretting that we didn’t spend enough of our lives slaving away at work. (19) We may instead find ourselves feeling guilty about the time we didn’t spend watching our children grow, or with our loved ones, or travelling, or on the cultural or leisure pursuits that bring us happiness. Unfortunately, the average full-time employee in the world works 42 hours a week, well over a third of the time we are awake. Some of our all too precious time is being stolen: office workers do around two billion hours of unpaid overtime each year. So it is extremely welcome that some government coalitions have started looking into potentially cutting the working week to four days.
The champions of free market capitalism promised their way of life would bring us freedom. But it wasn’t freedom at all: from the lack of secure, affordable housing to growing job insecurity and rising personal debt, the individual is trapped. (20) Nine decades ago, leading economists predicted that technological advances and rising productivity would mean that we’d be working a 15-hour week by now: that target has been somewhat missed.
Here is the most malignant threat to our personal freedom, particularly as the balance of power in the workplace has been shifted so dramatically from worker to boss. A huge portion of our lives involves the surrender of our freedom and personal autonomy. (21) It’s time in which we are directed by the needs and desires of others, and denied the right to make our own choices. That’s bad for us: it is hardly surprising that over half a million workers suffer from work-related mental health conditions each year, or that 15.4 million working days were lost to work-related stress last year, a jump of nearly a quarter.
Yes, there are those who, far from being overworked, actually seek more hours. But a shorter working week would enable us to redistribute hours from the overworked to the underworked. We need to look at ways of cutting the working week without slashing living standards: after all, the world’s workers have already suffered the worst deduction in wages since the early 1800s. And cutting the working week would be conducive to the individual, giving millions of workers more time to spend as they see fit.
19. What do people often feel guilty about according to the speaker?
解析：D。录音开始说，我们被自由市场资本主义所困，需要进行一场职场革命。我们不会为工作上少花时间而懊悔，却会因为没有花时间看着孩子长大、陪伴我们所爱的人，没有去旅行，或者没有花时间享受文化休闲活动来让自己快乐而感到愧疚，D项表述是对此内容的概括总结，因此选D。A、B两项属于细节拼凑，分别利用workplace revolution和free-market capitalism进行干扰，但意思均与原文不符，故排除。C项在录音中并未提及，故排除。
20、Question 20 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、People would be working only fifteen hours a week now.
B、The balance of power in the workplace would change.
C、Technological advances would create many new jobs.
D、Most workers could afford to have house of their own.
解析：
Recording Two
听力原文
Free-market capitalism hasn’t freed us—it has trapped us. It’s imperative for us to embrace a workplace revolution. We are unlikely to spend our last moments regretting that we didn’t spend enough of our lives slaving away at work. (19) We may instead find ourselves feeling guilty about the time we didn’t spend watching our children grow, or with our loved ones, or travelling, or on the cultural or leisure pursuits that bring us happiness. Unfortunately, the average full-time employee in the world works 42 hours a week, well over a third of the time we are awake. Some of our all too precious time is being stolen: office workers do around two billion hours of unpaid overtime each year. So it is extremely welcome that some government coalitions have started looking into potentially cutting the working week to four days.
The champions of free market capitalism promised their way of life would bring us freedom. But it wasn’t freedom at all: from the lack of secure, affordable housing to growing job insecurity and rising personal debt, the individual is trapped. (20) Nine decades ago, leading economists predicted that technological advances and rising productivity would mean that we’d be working a 15-hour week by now: that target has been somewhat missed.
Here is the most malignant fret to our personal freedom, particularly as the balance of power in the workplace has been shifted so dramatically from worker to boss. A huge portion of our lives involves the surrender of our freedom and personal autonomy. (21) It’s time in which we are directed by the needs and desires of others, and denied the right to make our own choices. That’s bad for us: it is hardly surprising that over half a million workers suffer from work-related mental health conditions each year, or that 15.4 million working days were lost to work-related stress last year, a jump of nearly a quarter.
Yes, there are those who, far from being overworked, actually seek more hours. But a shorter working week would enable us to redistribute hours from the overworked to the underworked. We need to look at ways of cutting the working week without slashing living standards: after all, the world’s workers have already suffered the worst deduction in wages since the early 1800s. And cutting the working week would be conducive to the individual, giving millions of workers more time to spend as they see fit.
20. What did leading economists predict 90 years ago?
解析：A。题干中的90 years ago是对录音中nine decades ago的同义替换，录音中说到90年前的主流经济学家曾预测，由于科技进步，以后人们可能一周只需工作15个小时，A项表述与此内容相符，故选A。录音中提到了the balance of power…has been shifted，但这并不是经济学家作出的预测，故B项错误。C项在录音中未提及，故排除。D项中“能够负担得起自己的房子”与原文中的the lack of secure, affordable housing意思相反，故排除。
21、Question 21 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Loss of workers’ personal dignity.
B、Deprivation of workers’ creativity.
C、Deterioration of workers’ mental health.
D、Unequal distribution of working hours.
解析：
Recording Two
听力原文
Free-market capitalism hasn’t freed us—it has trapped us. It’s imperative for us to embrace a workplace revolution. We are unlikely to spend our last moments regretting that we didn’t spend enough of our lives slaving away at work. (19) We may instead find ourselves feeling guilty about the time we didn’t spend watching our children grow, or with our loved ones, or travelling, or on the cultural or leisure pursuits that bring us happiness. Unfortunately, the average full-time employee in the world works 42 hours a week, well over a third of the time we are awake. Some of our all too precious time is being stolen: office workers do around two billion hours of unpaid overtime each year. So it is extremely welcome that some government coalitions have started looking into potentially cutting the working week to four days.
The champions of free market capitalism promised their way of life would bring us freedom. But it wasn’t freedom at all: from the lack of secure, affordable housing to growing job insecurity and rising personal debt, the individual is trapped. (20) Nine decades ago, leading economists predicted that technological advances and rising productivity would mean that we’d be working a 15-hour week by now: that target has been somewhat missed.
Here is the most malignant fret to our personal freedom, particularly as the balance of power in the workplace has been shifted so dramatically from worker to boss. A huge portion of our lives involves the surrender of our freedom and personal autonomy. (21) It’s time in which we are directed by the needs and desires of others, and denied the right to make our own choices. That’s bad for us: it is hardly surprising that over half a million workers suffer from work-related mental health conditions each year, or that 15.4 million working days were lost to work-related stress last year, a jump of nearly a quarter.
Yes, there are those who, far from being overworked, actually seek more hours. But a shorter working week would enable us to redistribute hours from the overworked to the underworked. We need to look at ways of cutting the working week without slashing living standards: after all, the world’s workers have already suffered the worst deduction in wages since the early 1800s. And cutting the working week would be conducive to the individual, giving millions of workers more time to spend as they see fit.
21. What is the result of denying workers’ right to make their own choices?
解析：C。录音中后面部分说到，我们处于一个没有自主选择权的时代，这对我们很不利，接着举例说这一情况造成的后果，即每年有超过50万的劳动者患上精神方面的疾病，C项表述符合此内容，因此选C。原文中只是提到更短的工作周将使我们能够重新分配工作时间，并不是说工作时间的不平等分配是后果，故排除D项。A、B两项在原文中未提及，故排除。
22、Question 22 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、It is the worst managed airport in German history.
B、It is now the biggest and busiest airport in Europe.
C、It has become something of a joke among Germans.
D、It has become a typical symbol of German efficiency.
解析：
Recording Three
听力原文
Today I’m going to talk about Germany’s dream airport in Berlin. The airport looks exactly like every other major modern airport in Europe, except for one big problem: more than seven years after it was originally supposed to open, it still stands empty. Germany is known for its efficiency and refined engineering, but when it comes to its new ghost airport this reputation could not be further from the truth. (22) Plagued by long delays, perpetual mismanagement and ever-soaring costs, the airport has become something of a joke among Germans—and a source of frustration for local politicians, business leaders and residents alike.
Planning for the new airport began in 1989. (23) At the time, it became clear that the newly-reunified Berlin would need a modern airport with far greater capacity than its existing airports. The city broke ground on the new airport in 2006. The first major sign of problems came in summer 2010, when the construction corporation pushed the opening from October 2011 to June 2012. In 2012, the city planned an opening ceremony but less than a month beforehand, inspectors found significant problems with the fire safety system and pushed the opening back again to 2013.
(24) It wasn’t just the smoke system: many other major problems subsequently emerged. More than 90 metres of cable were incorrectly installed; 4,000 doors were wrongly numbered; escalators were too short, and there was a shortage of check-in desks.
So why, with so many problems discovered, didn’t the airport corporation decide to give up on the project and start over? The reason is simple: people are often hesitant to terminate a project when they’ve already invested time or resources into it, even if it might make logical sense to do so.
The longer the delays continued, the more problems inspectors found. Leadership of the planning corporation has changed hands nearly as many times as the opening date has been pushed back. Initially, rather than appointing a general contractor to run the project, the corporation decided to manage it themselves despite lack of experience with an undertaking of that scale.
(25) To compound the delays, the unused airport is resulting in massive costs. Every month it remains unopened costs between 9 and 10 million euros.
Assuming all goes well, the airport should open in October 2020. But the still-empty airport stands as the biggest embarrassment to Germany’s reputation for efficiency—and a continuing drain on city and state resources.
22. What does the speaker say about the dream airport in Berlin?
解析：C。录音中说到柏林的梦想机场时，提到除了仍未开放，空空如也，它和其他欧洲的机场没什么两样，接着说到这与德国在效率方面的名声相去甚远，已经成为了德国人的一个笑话，C项的a joke among Germans是原文重现，因此选C。A项因机场尚未运行，不存在管理好坏的情况，而B、D两项与录音内容相悖，故均排除。
23、Question 23 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、The city’s airports are outdated.
B、The city had just been reunified.
C、The city wanted to boost its economy.
D、The city wanted to attract more tourists.
解析：
Recording Three
听力原文
Today I’m going to talk about Germany’s dream airport in Berlin. The airport looks exactly like every other major modern airport in Europe, except for one big problem: more than seven years after it was originally supposed to open, it still stands empty. Germany is known for its efficiency and refined engineering, but when it comes to its new ghost airport this reputation could not be further from the truth. (22) Plagued by long delays, perpetual mismanagement and ever-soaring costs, the airport has become something of a joke among Germans—and a source of frustration for local politicians, business leaders and residents alike.
Planning for the new airport began in 1989. (23) At the time, it became clear that the newly-reunified Berlin would need a modern airport with far greater capacity than its existing airports. The city broke ground on the new airport in 2006. The first major sign of problems came in summer 2010, when the construction corporation pushed the opening from October 2011 to June 2012. In 2012, the city planned an opening ceremony but less than a month beforehand, inspectors found significant problems with the fire safety system and pushed the opening back again to 2013.
(24) It wasn’t just the smoke system: many other major problems subsequently emerged. More than 90 metres of cable were incorrectly installed; 4,000 doors were wrongly numbered; escalators were too short, and there was a shortage of check-in desks.
So why, with so many problems discovered, didn’t the airport corporation decide to give up on the project and start over? The reason is simple: people are often hesitant to terminate a project when they’ve already invested time or resources into it, even if it might make logical sense to do so.
The longer the delays continued, the more problems inspectors found. Leadership of the planning corporation has changed hands nearly as many times as the opening date has been pushed back. Initially, rather than appointing a general contractor to run the project, the corporation decided to manage it themselves despite lack of experience with an undertaking of that scale.
(25) To compound the delays, the unused airport is resulting in massive costs. Every month it remains unopened costs between 9 and 10 million euros.
Assuming all goes well, the airport should open in October 2020. But the still-empty airport stands as the biggest embarrassment to Germany’s reputation for efficiency—and a continuing drain on city and state resources.
23. Why was there a need for a new airport in Berlin?
解析：A。录音中提到，重新统一后的柏林需要一个比现有机场容量大得多的现代机场，说明之前的机场已经无法满足柏林新时期的需求，故选A。B项的干扰性较强，虽然reunified在原文中提到过，但“城市重新统一”主要是作为时代背景，而不是需要建设新机场的直接原因，故排除。
24、Question 24 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、The municipal government kept changing hands.
B、The construction firm breached the contract.
C、Shortage of funding delayed its construction.
D、Problems of different kinds kept popping up.
解析：
Recording Three
听力原文
Today I’m going to talk about Germany’s dream airport in Berlin. The airport looks exactly like every other major modern airport in Europe, except for one big problem: more than seven years after it was originally supposed to open, it still stands empty. Germany is known for its efficiency and refined engineering, but when it comes to its new ghost airport this reputation could not be further from the truth. (22) Plagued by long delays, perpetual mismanagement and ever-soaring costs, the airport has become something of a joke among Germans—and a source of frustration for local politicians, business leaders and residents alike.
Planning for the new airport began in 1989. (23) At the time, it became clear that the newly-reunified Berlin would need a modern airport with far greater capacity than its existing airports. The city broke ground on the new airport in 2006. The first major sign of problems came in summer 2010, when the construction corporation pushed the opening from October 2011 to June 2012. In 2012, the city planned an opening ceremony but less than a month beforehand, inspectors found significant problems with the fire safety system and pushed the opening back again to 2013.
(24) It wasn’t just the smoke system: many other major problems subsequently emerged. More than 90 metres of cable were incorrectly installed; 4,000 doors were wrongly numbered; escalators were too short, and there was a shortage of check-in desks.
So why, with so many problems discovered, didn’t the airport corporation decide to give up on the project and start over? The reason is simple: people are often hesitant to terminate a project when they’ve already invested time or resources into it, even if it might make logical sense to do so.
The longer the delays continued, the more problems inspectors found. Leadership of the planning corporation has changed hands nearly as many times as the opening date has been pushed back. Initially, rather than appointing a general contractor to run the project, the corporation decided to manage it themselves despite lack of experience with an undertaking of that scale.
(25) To compound the delays, the unused airport is resulting in massive costs. Every month it remains unopened costs between 9 and 10 million euros.
Assuming all goes well, the airport should open in October 2020. But the still-empty airport stands as the biggest embarrassment to Germany’s reputation for efficiency—and a continuing drain on city and state resources.
24. Why did Berlin postpone the opening of its dream airport again and again?
解析：D。回答此问题需要对文章内容做出概括，录音中说到新机场第一次出现问题是在2010年，之后2011年推迟开业仪式，开业前由于发现消防问题又再次推迟开业，拖延的时间越长，检查员发现的问题就越多。D项描述是对此内容的概括总结，因此选D。录音中提到规划公司高层的变动，并非市政府的变动，并且不是机场延迟运营的原因，故排除A项。建设的延期并非是因为资金短缺，故排除C项。
25、Question 25 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Tourism industry in Berlin suffers.
B、All kinds of equipment gets rusted.
C、Huge maintenance costs accumulate.
D、Complaints by local residents increase.
解析：
Recording Three
听力原文
Today I’m going to talk about Germany’s dream airport in Berlin. The airport looks exactly like every other major modern airport in Europe, except for one big problem: more than seven years after it was originally supposed to open, it still stands empty. Germany is known for its efficiency and refined engineering, but when it comes to its new ghost airport this reputation could not be further from the truth. (22) Plagued by long delays, perpetual mismanagement and ever-soaring costs, the airport has become something of a joke among Germans—and a source of frustration for local politicians, business leaders and residents alike.
Planning for the new airport began in 1989. (23) At the time, it became clear that the newly-reunified Berlin would need a modern airport with far greater capacity than its existing airports. The city broke ground on the new airport in 2006. The first major sign of problems came in summer 2010, when the construction corporation pushed the opening from October 2011 to June 2012. In 2012, the city planned an opening ceremony but less than a month beforehand, inspectors found significant problems with the fire safety system and pushed the opening back again to 2013.
(24) It wasn’t just the smoke system: many other major problems subsequently emerged. More than 90 metres of cable were incorrectly installed; 4,000 doors were wrongly numbered; escalators were too short, and there was a shortage of check-in desks.
So why, with so many problems discovered, didn’t the airport corporation decide to give up on the project and start over? The reason is simple: people are often hesitant to terminate a project when they’ve already invested time or resources into it, even if it might make logical sense to do so.
The longer the delays continued, the more problems inspectors found. Leadership of the planning corporation has changed hands nearly as many times as the opening date has been pushed back. Initially, rather than appointing a general contractor to run the project, the corporation decided to manage it themselves despite lack of experience with an undertaking of that scale.
(25) To compound the delays, the unused airport is resulting in massive costs. Every month it remains unopened costs between 9 and 10 million euros.
Assuming all goes well, the airport should open in October 2020. But the still-empty airport stands as the biggest embarrassment to Germany’s reputation for efficiency—and a continuing drain on city and state resources.
25. What happens while the airport remains unused?
解析：C。录音后面部分说到，闲置的机场产生了巨额的费用，在持续不开业的状态下，每个月的费用会在900万到1000万欧元之间，C项描述是对此内容的概括，因此选C。
二、Part III Reading Comprehension
The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe. Over 80% of the world’s urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organisation guidelines, and an estimated 4.5 million people died (26)_____ from outdoor air pollution in 2015.
Globally, urban populations are expected to double in the next 40 years, and an extra 2 billion people will need new places to live, as well as services and ways to move around their cities. What is more important, the decisions that we make now about the design of our cities will (27)_____ the everyday lives and health of the coming generations. So what would a smog-free, or at least low-pollution, city be like?
Traffic has become (28)_____ with air pollution, and many countries intend to ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars in the next two decades. But simply (29)_____ to electric cars will not mean pollution-free cities. The level of emissions they cause will depend on how the electricity to run them is (30)_____, while brakes, tyres and roads all create tiny airborne (31)_____ as they wear out. Across the developed world, car use is in decline as more people move to city centres, while young people especially are (32)_____ for other means of travel. Researchers are already asking if motor vehicle use has reached its (33)_____ and will decline, but transport planners have yet to catch up with this (34)_____, instead of laying new roads to tackle traffic jams. As users of London’s orbital M25 motorway will know, new roads rapidly fill with more traffic. In the US, studies have shown that doubling the size of a road can (35)_____ double the traffic, taking us back to the starting point.
26、(1)
A、trend
B、peak
C、crown
D、particles
E、alternate
F、opting
G、miniatures
H、determine
I、switching
J、prematurely
K、simply
L、synonymous
M、merged
N、generated
O、locating
解析：
名词
alternate 代替者；代理人
crown 王冠；顶部
miniatures 微型画；微缩模型
particles 微粒；粒子
peak 高峰；顶点
trend 趋势；走向
动词
alternate 交替；轮流
crown 加冕
determine 决定；确定
generated 产生；造成
locating 位于；定位
merged 合并；融入
opting 分开；分离
peak 达到顶峰
switching 转向
形容词
alternate 交替的；轮流的
peak 高峰时期的
synonymous 同义的；等同于
副词
prematurely 过早地；早熟地
simply 仅仅；简单地
26. prematurely
解析：副词辨析题。空格所在短句句子主干完整，空格位于短语died from中间，修饰动词died，因此空格处应填入副词。符合的选项只有prematurely和simply，simply通常是用来强调某种说法，表示“简单地；仅仅是”，用来修饰死亡逻辑不通，故排除。prematurely代入空格表示“过早死亡”，符合文意。
27. determine
解析：动词辨析题。空格所在句缺少谓语动词，空格位于will之后，因此应该填入动词原形与will一起构成谓语。句子主语为the decisions，后面为that引导的定语从句修饰the decisions，大意为：我们现在所做的关于城市设计的决策将____未来几代人的日常生活和健康。根据语意，应填入与“影响，决定”有关的词，符合的选项只有determine（决定）。
28. synonymous
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前为become，空格后为介词with，空格处可填入形容词作表语。根据语义，交通和空气污染已经变得____，很多国家打算禁止销售新的汽油车和柴油车。因此空格所在句很可能是在说明此举动的潜在原因，符合的选项有alternate、peak和synonymous，代入空格只有synonymous可以构成合理语义，become synonymous with意为“等同于……，与……密不可分的”，代入空格表示交通和污染已经变得密不可分了。
29. switching
解析：动词辨析题。空格所在句主语为____ to electric cars，谓语为will not mean，宾语为pollution-free cities。空格前为副词simply，空格后为介词to，因此空格处应填入动词的非谓语形式（动名词）与to electric cars一起作句子主语，符合的选项有locating、opting和switching。前面说到由于污染，很多国家打算禁止销售新的汽油和柴油车，空格所在句大意为：但是仅仅____电动汽车并不会意味着城市就能不再有污染。只有switching（转向）代入空格符合文意。
30. generated
解析：动词辨析题。空格所在的从句作整句话的宾语，空格所在宾语从句由连接副词how引导，主语为the electricity，不定式to run them作the electricity的后置定语，空格前为is，因此空格处应填入动词的分词形式，表示驱动汽车的电力是如何____，符合的选项有过去分词generated和merged，现在分词locating和opting，代入空格符合逻辑的有generated（产生；造成）和opting（选择）。因为汽车动力无法自己做出选择，只能是被人们选择，排除表示主动的opting，因此选generated，代入空格中意为：驱动汽车的电力是如何产生的。
31. particles
解析：名词辨析题。空格所在分句的主语为brakes, tyres and roads，谓语为create，as they wear out为状语，空格前为形容词tiny airborne，因此空格处应填入名词作句子宾语，空格所在句子大意为：电动汽车的污染物排放量将取决于汽车运行所需的电力是如何产生的，而刹车，轮胎和道路在磨损时都会产生微小的空气____。根据常识，道路轮胎磨损时会产生微小的粉尘颗粒。
32. opting
解析：动词辨析题。空格前为are，空格后为for，所以空格处应填入动词的分词形式，构成空格所在从句的谓语，或者填入形容词构成主系表结构。根据句意，发达国家的汽车使用量正在减少，因为更多的人搬到市中心，接着说到年轻人与其他交通方式，由此可以推断出年轻人应该是“选择”了其他的交通方式，这与前面所说的“更多的人搬到市中心”共同造成了汽车使用量的下降。
33. peak
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为物主代词its，空格后为and所连接句子的并列谓语，因此空格处应填入名词作前面谓语动词的宾语。根据句子大意：研究人员正在调查一个问题，即汽车是否已经达到了____，并将会下降。根据常识，一般达到最高值时就会下降，因此选peak。crown虽然有“顶部”的意思，但它指的是具体事物的顶端，无法用于表示“峰值”，故crown错误。
34. trend
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为指示代词this，因此空格处应填入名词。空格所在句前面部分说到研究人员已经在调查汽车的使用量是否已经达到了最大值而开始下降，后面接着说到，但是交通规划者还没有跟上这一____。符合的选项有alternate、crown、miniatures和trend，只有trend（趋势）代入空格能构成前后连贯的语意。
35. simply
解析：副词辨析题。空格前为can，空格后为double，double词性较多，可以作名词、动词、形容词或副词，由于double后面为the traffic，所以double在此是动词性质。空格所在句句子主干完整，因此空格处应填入副词，修饰double。符合的选项只有simply（仅仅），代入空格意为“研究表明，在美国将道路规模扩大一倍仅仅只会使交通流量也增加一倍，而这会使我们再次回到起点”。
27、(2)
A、trend
B、peak
C、crown
D、particles
E、alternate
F、opting
G、miniatures
H、determine
I、switching
J、prematurely
K、simply
L、synonymous
M、merged
N、generated
O、locating
解析：见上一题！
28、(3)
A、trend
B、peak
C、crown
D、particles
E、alternate
F、opting
G、miniatures
H、determine
I、switching
J、prematurely
K、simply
L、synonymous
M、merged
N、generated
O、locating
解析：见上一题！
29、(4)
A、trend
B、peak
C、crown
D、particles
E、alternate
F、opting
G、miniatures
H、determine
I、switching
J、prematurely
K、simply
L、synonymous
M、merged
N、generated
O、locating
解析：见上一题！
30、(5)
A、trend
B、peak
C、crown
D、particles
E、alternate
F、opting
G、miniatures
H、determine
I、switching
J、prematurely
K、simply
L、synonymous
M、merged
N、generated
O、locating
解析：见上一题！
31、(6)
A、trend
B、peak
C、crown
D、particles
E、alternate
F、opting
G、miniatures
H、determine
I、switching
J、prematurely
K、simply
L、synonymous
M、merged
N、generated
O、locating
解析：见上一题！
32、(7)
A、trend
B、peak
C、crown
D、particles
E、alternate
F、opting
G、miniatures
H、determine
I、switching
J、prematurely
K、simply
L、synonymous
M、merged
N、generated
O、locating
解析：见上一题！
33、(8)
A、trend
B、peak
C、crown
D、particles
E、alternate
F、opting
G、miniatures
H、determine
I、switching
J、prematurely
K、simply
L、synonymous
M、merged
N、generated
O、locating
解析：见上一题！
34、(9)
A、trend
B、peak
C、crown
D、particles
E、alternate
F、opting
G、miniatures
H、determine
I、switching
J、prematurely
K、simply
L、synonymous
M、merged
N、generated
O、locating
解析：见上一题！
35、(10)
A、trend
B、peak
C、crown
D、particles
E、alternate
F、opting
G、miniatures
H、determine
I、switching
J、prematurely
K、simply
L、synonymous
M、merged
N、generated
O、locating
解析：见上一题！
How much protein do you really need?
36、
36. It is quite easy for one to take in the recommended amount of protein.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
解析：36. 人们摄入的蛋白质量很容易就能达到推荐的标准。
