一、Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1、Question 1 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Stop worrying about him.
B、Keep away from the statue.
C、Take a picture of him.
D、Put on a smile for the photo.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
M: (1) Do you mind taking my photo with the statue over there? I think it will make a great shot.
W: Sure. No worries. You’re always taking photos. What do you do with all the photos you take?
M: Well, don’t laugh. (2) My dream is to become an online celebrity of sorts.
W: You’re not serious, are you?
M: I am, completely. I just got the idea a few months ago after posting some holiday photos on my social media accounts. A lot of people liked my photos and started asking me for travel tips. So I figured I’d give it a go. I post a lot on social media anyway. So I’ve got nothing to lose.
W: I guess that’s true. So what you have to do to become Internet famous?
M: Surprisingly, a lot more than I did as a hobby. (3) Recently, I’ve been spending a lot more time editing photos, posting online and clearing storage on my phone. It’s always full now.
W: That doesn’t sound like too much work.
M: Well, there’s more to it. I spent all last weekend researching what topics are popular, what words to use in captions and similar accounts to follow. It really was a lot to take in. And I was up well past midnight. I’d say it’s paying off though. I increase the number of people following my accounts by 15% already.
W: That is impressive. I guess I never thought much about all the effort behind the scene. Now that I think about it, (4) there’s always something wrong with my photos as it is—half smiles, closed eyes, messy hair. I hope you have better luck than I do. Then again, I think the only person interested in my photos is my mum.
1. What does the man ask the woman to do?
解析：C。录音开始时，男士问女士是否可以帮他跟那边的雕像照张相，其中taking a photo与take a picture为同义替换，因此选C。B项中的statue在录音中出现，但录音是说男士想与雕像合影，而没有提到让女士离雕像远一点，故B项错误。
2、Question 2 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Gaining great fame on the Internet.
B、Publishing a collection of his photos.
C、Collecting the best photos in the world.
D、Becoming a professional photographer.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
M: (1) Do you mind taking my photo with the statue over there? I think it will make a great shot.
W: Sure. No worries. You’re always taking photos. What do you do with all the photos you take?
M: Well, don’t laugh. (2) My dream is to become an online celebrity of sorts.
W: You’re not serious, are you?
M: I am, completely. I just got the idea a few months ago after posting some holiday photos on my social media accounts. A lot of people liked my photos and started asking me for travel tips. So I figured I’d give it a go. I post a lot on social media anyway. So I’ve got nothing to lose.
W: I guess that’s true. So what you have to do to become Internet famous?
M: Surprisingly, a lot more than I did as a hobby. (3) Recently, I’ve been spending a lot more time editing photos, posting online and clearing storage on my phone. It’s always full now.
W: That doesn’t sound like too much work.
M: Well, there’s more to it. I spent all last weekend researching what topics are popular, what words to use in captions and similar accounts to follow. It really was a lot to take in. And I was up well past midnight. I’d say it’s paying off though. I increase the number of people following my accounts by 15% already.
W: That is impressive. I guess I never thought much about all the effort behind the scene. Now that I think about it, (4) there’s always something wrong with my photos as it is—half smiles, closed eyes, messy hair. I hope you have better luck than I do. Then again, I think the only person interested in my photos is my mum.
2. What does the man dream of?
解析：A。对话第二回合中，男士表示，他的梦想是成为某种类型的网红，其中become an online celebrity表示“成为网络名人”，与Gaining great fame on the Internet表意相同，故A项正确。
3、Question 3 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Surfing various websites and collecting photos.
B、Editing his pictures and posting them online.
C、Following similar accounts to compare notes.
D、Studying the pictures in popular social media.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
M: (1) Do you mind taking my photo with the statue over there? I think it will make a great shot.
W: Sure. No worries. You’re always taking photos. What do you do with all the photos you take?
M: Well, don’t laugh. (2) My dream is to become an online celebrity of sorts.
W: You’re not serious, are you?
M: I am, completely. I just got the idea a few months ago after posting some holiday photos on my social media accounts. A lot of people liked my photos and started asking me for travel tips. So I figured I’d give it a go. I post a lot on social media anyway. So I’ve got nothing to lose.
W: I guess that’s true. So what you have to do to become Internet famous?
M: Surprisingly, a lot more than I did as a hobby. (3) Recently, I’ve been spending a lot more time editing photos, posting online and clearing storage on my phone. It’s always full now.
W: That doesn’t sound like too much work.
M: Well, there’s more to it. I spent all last weekend researching what topics are popular, what words to use in captions and similar accounts to follow. It really was a lot to take in. And I was up well past midnight. I’d say it’s paying off though. I increase the number of people following my accounts by 15% already.
W: That is impressive. I guess I never thought much about all the effort behind the scene. Now that I think about it, (4) there’s always something wrong with my photos as it is—half smiles, closed eyes, messy hair. I hope you have better luck than I do. Then again, I think the only person interested in my photos is my mum.
3. What has the man been busy doing recently?
解析：B。对话第四回合中，男士提到他最近花很多时间用来修图并上传图片。其中B项的Editing his pictures与I’ve spending a lot more time editing photos为原词复现，posting online也为原词复现，因此B正确。男士只是研究受欢迎的话题，但没有直接提到他在研究社交媒体上的照片，故D项错误。
4、Question 4 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、They are far from satisfactory.
B、They are mostly taken by her mom.
C、They make an impressive album.
D、They record her fond memories.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
M: (1) Do you mind taking my photo with the statue over there? I think it will make a great shot.
W: Sure. No worries. You’re always taking photos. What do you do with all the photos you take?
M: Well, don’t laugh. (2) My dream is to become an online celebrity of sorts.
W: You’re not serious, are you?
M: I am, completely. I just got the idea a few months ago after posting some holiday photos on my social media accounts. A lot of people liked my photos and started asking me for travel tips. So I figured I’d give it a go. I post a lot on social media anyway. So I’ve got nothing to lose.
W: I guess that’s true. So what you have to do to become Internet famous?
M: Surprisingly, a lot more than I did as a hobby. (3) Recently, I’ve been spending a lot more time editing photos, posting online and clearing storage on my phone. It’s always full now.
W: That doesn’t sound like too much work.
M: Well, there’s more to it. I spent all last weekend researching what topics are popular, what words to use in captions and similar accounts to follow. It really was a lot to take in. And I was up well past midnight. I’d say it’s paying off though. I increase the number of people following my accounts by 15% already.
W: That is impressive. I guess I never thought much about all the effort behind the scene. Now that I think about it, (4) there’s always something wrong with my photos as it is—half smiles, closed eyes, messy hair. I hope you have better luck than I do. Then again, I think the only person interested in my photos is my mum.
4. What does the woman say about her photos?
解析：A。女士在对话最后提到，她的照片总是有这样那样的问题。其中there’s always something wrong with my photos为They are far from satisfactory的同义转述，故A项正确。而关于女士妈妈的信息在录音中是说可能只有她妈妈喜欢她的照片，并不是说照片是她妈妈照的，所以B项错误。
5、Question 5 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、A journal reporting the latest progress in physics.
B、An introductory course of modern physics.
C、An occasion for physicists to exchange ideas.
D、A series of interviews with outstanding physicists.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
M: Good evening and welcome to Physics Today. (5) Here we interview some of the greatest minds in physics as they help us to understand some of the most complicated theories. Today, I’m very pleased to welcome Dr. Melissa Philips, professor of theoretical physics. She’s here to tell us a little about what it is she studies. Dr. Philips, you seem to study everything.
W: I guess that would be fair to say. (6) I spend most of my time studying The Big Bang Theory and where our universe came from.
M: Can you tell us a little about that?
W: Well, (7) I’m very interested in why the universe exists at all. That may sound odd, but the fact is at the moment of the big bang, both matter and anti-matter were created for a short time, and I mean just a fraction of a second. The whole universe was a super-hot soup of radiation filled with these particles. So what’s baffled scientists for so long is “why is there a universe at all?”
M: That’s because matter and anti-matter are basically opposites of each other. They are exactly alike, except that they have opposite electrical charges. So when they collide, they destroy each other?
W: Exactly. So during the first few moments of the big bang, the universe was extremely hot and very small. Matter and the now more exotic anti-matter would have had little space to avoid each other. This means that they should have totally wiped each other out, leaving the universe completely barren.
M: (8) But a recent study seems to point to the fact that when matter and anti-matter were first created, there were slightly more particles of matter, which allowed the universe we all live in to form?
W: Exactly. Because there was slightly more matter, the collisions quickly depleted all the anti-matter and left just enough matter to create stars, planets, and eventually us.
5. What does the man say is Physics Today?
解析：D。男士在录音开头说，《今日物理学》访谈的对象是一些伟大的物理学家。其中Here we interview some of...与A series of interviews为同义替换，the greatest minds in physics与outstanding physicists为同义替换，故D正确。访谈节目是主持人对物理学家进行访谈，而没有说到让物理学家彼此交换意见，故C项排除。
6、Question 6 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、 The future of the physical world.
B、The origin of the universe.
C、Sources of radiation.
D、Particle theory.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
M: Good evening and welcome to Physics Today. (5) Here we interview some of the greatest minds in physics as they help us to understand some of the most complicated theories. Today, I’m very pleased to welcome Dr. Melissa Philips, professor of theoretical physics. She’s here to tell us a little about what it is she studies. Dr. Philips, you seem to study everything.
W: I guess that would be fair to say. (6) I spend most of my time studying The Big Bang Theory and where our universe came from.
M: Can you tell us a little about that?
W: Well, (7) I’m very interested in why the universe exists at all. That may sound odd, but the fact is at the moment of the big bang, both matter and anti-matter were created for a short time, and I mean just a fraction of a second. The whole universe was a super-hot soup of radiation filled with these particles. So what’s baffled scientists for so long is “why is there a universe at all?”
M: That’s because matter and anti-matter are basically opposites of each other. They are exactly alike, except that they have opposite electrical charges. So when they collide, they destroy each other?
W: Exactly. So during the first few moments of the big bang, the universe was extremely hot and very small. Matter and the now more exotic anti-matter would have had little space to avoid each other. This means that they should have totally wiped each other out, leaving the universe completely barren.
M: (8) But a recent study seems to point to the fact that when matter and anti-matter were first created, there were slightly more particles of matter, which allowed the universe we all live in to form?
W: Exactly. Because there was slightly more matter, the collisions quickly depleted all the anti-matter and left just enough matter to create stars, planets, and eventually us.
6. What is the woman physicist’s main research area?
解析：B。对话第一回合中，女士提及，她花费大部分的时间来研究大爆炸理论，还有我们的宇宙是怎么来的。她研究的是where our universe came from，与B选项The origin of the universe为同义转述，因此B项正确。
7、Question 7 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、How matter collides with anti-matter.
B、Whether the universe will turn barren.
C、Why there exists anti-matter.
D、Why there is a universe at all.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
M: Good evening and welcome to Physics Today. (5) Here we interview some of the greatest minds in physics as they help us to understand some of the most complicated theories. Today, I’m very pleased to welcome Dr. Melissa Philips, professor of theoretical physics. She’s here to tell us a little about what it is she studies. Dr. Philips, you seem to study everything.
W: I guess that would be fair to say. (6) I spend most of my time studying The Big Bang Theory and where our universe came from.
M: Can you tell us a little about that?
W: Well, (7) I’m very interested in why the universe exists at all. That may sound odd, but the fact is at the moment of the big bang, both matter and anti-matter were created for a short time, and I mean just a fraction of a second. The whole universe was a super-hot soup of radiation filled with these particles. So what’s baffled scientists for so long is “why is there a universe at all?”
M: That’s because matter and anti-matter are basically opposites of each other. They are exactly alike, except that they have opposite electrical charges. So when they collide, they destroy each other?
W: Exactly. So during the first few moments of the big bang, the universe was extremely hot and very small. Matter and the now more exotic anti-matter would have had little space to avoid each other. This means that they should have totally wiped each other out, leaving the universe completely barren.
M: (8) But a recent study seems to point to the fact that when matter and anti-matter were first created, there were slightly more particles of matter, which allowed the universe we all live in to form?
W: Exactly. Because there was slightly more matter, the collisions quickly depleted all the anti-matter and left just enough matter to create stars, planets, and eventually us.
7. What is the woman interested in?
解析：D。对话第二回合中，女士提及，自己对宇宙究竟为什么存在感兴趣。D选项与录音中表述一致，因此D正确。
8、Question 8 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Matter and anti-matter are opposites of each other.
B、Anti-matter allowed humans to come into existence.
C、The universe formed due to a sufficient amount of matter.
D、Anti-matter exists in very high-temperature environments.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
M: Good evening and welcome to Physics Today. (5) Here we interview some of the greatest minds in physics as they help us to understand some of the most complicated theories. Today, I’m very pleased to welcome Dr. Melissa Philips, professor of theoretical physics. She’s here to tell us a little about what it is she studies. Dr. Philips, you seem to study everything.
W: I guess that would be fair to say. (6) I spend most of my time studying The Big Bang Theory and where our universe came from.
M: Can you tell us a little about that?
W: Well, (7) I’m very interested in why the universe exists at all. That may sound odd, but the fact is at the moment of the big bang, both matter and anti-matter were created for a short time, and I mean just a fraction of a second. The whole universe was a super-hot soup of radiation filled with these particles. So what’s baffled scientists for so long is “why is there a universe at all?”
M: That’s because matter and anti-matter are basically opposites of each other. They are exactly alike, except that they have opposite electrical charges. So when they collide, they destroy each other?
W: Exactly. So during the first few moments of the big bang, the universe was extremely hot and very small. Matter and the now more exotic anti-matter would have had little space to avoid each other. This means that they should have totally wiped each other out, leaving the universe completely barren.
M: (8) But a recent study seems to point to the fact that when matter and anti-matter were first created, there were slightly more particles of matter, which allowed the universe we all live in to form?
W: Exactly. Because there was slightly more matter, the collisions quickly depleted all the anti-matter and left just enough matter to create stars, planets, and eventually us.
8. What seems to be the finding of the recent study?
解析：C。录音末尾，男士的最后一句话说，最新研究表明，当物质和反物质刚刚被创造出来的时候，物质的粒子量略多一些，这使我们所生活的宇宙得以形成。根据前文信息，可见物质的数量大于反物质的数量，因此碰撞后应有足量的物质，所以宇宙得以形成。因此C项正确。
9、Question 9 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、She found herself speaking a foreign language.
B、She woke up speaking with a different accent.
C、She found some symptoms of her illness gone.
D、She woke up finding herself in another country.
解析：
Passage One
听力原文
In this week’s edition of special series on Bizarre Medical Conditions, there’s a report of the case of Michelle Myers. (9) Myers is an American woman who woke up one day speaking with a British accent, even though she’s lived in the United States all her life. In 2015, Myers went to bed with a terrible headache. She woke up sounding like someone from England. Her British accent has remained for the past two years. Previously, Myers had woken up speaking in Irish and Australian accents. However, on both of those occasions, the accents lasted for only a week.
Myers has been diagnosed with Foreign Accent Syndrome. It’s a disorder in which a person experiences a sudden change to their speech so that they sound like they are speaking in a foreign accent. (10) The condition is most often caused by a stroke or traumatic brain injury. Although people with the syndrome have intelligible speech, their manner of speaking is altered in terms of timing and tongue placement, which may distort their pronunciation. The result is that they may sound foreign when speaking their native language.
It’s not clear whether Myers has experienced a stroke or other brain damage, but she also has a separate medical condition which can result in loose joints, easily bruised skin and other problems. Foreign Accent Syndrome is rare, with only about 60 cases reported within the past century. (11) However, a different American woman reportedly spoke with a Russian accent in 2010 after she fell down the stairs and hit her head.
9. What happened to Michelle Myers one day?
解析：B。录音开头说到，梅耶斯在某一天醒来后开始说英国口音。梅耶斯是美国人而说的是英国口音，与B项a different accent信息对应，因此选B。由于英国口音仍然是英语，与A选项foreign language不符，故排除。而录音后面提到外国口音综合征与某些疾病存在关系，但与梅耶斯自身状况没有关系，也没有说明她自己发现自己出现疾病症状，因此C项错误。
10、Question 10 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、It is usually caused by a stroke or brain injury.
B、It has not yet found any effective treatment.
C、 It leaves the patient with a distorted memory.
D、 It often happens to people with speech defects.
解析：
Passage One
听力原文
In this week’s edition of special series on Bizarre Medical Conditions, there’s a report of the case of Michelle Myers. (9) Myers is an American woman who woke up one day speaking with a British accent, even though she’s lived in the United States all her life. In 2015, Myers went to bed with a terrible headache. She woke up sounding like someone from England. Her British accent has remained for the past two years. Previously, Myers had woken up speaking in Irish and Australian accents. However, on both of those occasions, the accents lasted for only a week.
Myers has been diagnosed with Foreign Accent Syndrome. It’s a disorder in which a person experiences a sudden change to their speech so that they sound like they are speaking in a foreign accent. (10) The condition is most often caused by a stroke or traumatic brain injury. Although people with the syndrome have intelligible speech, their manner of speaking is altered in terms of timing and tongue placement, which may distort their pronunciation. The result is that they may sound foreign when speaking their native language.
It’s not clear whether Myers has experienced a stroke or other brain damage, but she also has a separate medical condition which can result in loose joints, easily bruised skin and other problems. Foreign Accent Syndrome is rare, with only about 60 cases reported within the past century. (11) However, a different American woman reportedly spoke with a Russian accent in 2010 after she fell down the stairs and hit her head.
10. What does the passage say about Foreign Accent Syndrome?
解析：A。录音中间说到，外国口音综合征这种情况通常由中风或脑损伤引起。A选项中a stroke or brain injury在录音中原词复现，因此A项正确。
11、Question 11 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、British.
B、Irish.
C、Russian.
D、Australian.
解析：
Passage One
听力原文
In this week’s edition of special series on Bizarre Medical Conditions, there’s a report of the case of Michelle Myers. (9) Myers is an American woman who woke up one day speaking with a British accent, even though she’s lived in the United States all her life. In 2015, Myers went to bed with a terrible headache. She woke up sounding like someone from England. Her British accent has remained for the past two years. Previously, Myers had woken up speaking in Irish and Australian accents. However, on both of those occasions, the accents lasted for only a week.
Myers has been diagnosed with Foreign Accent Syndrome. It’s a disorder in which a person experiences a sudden change to their speech so that they sound like they are speaking in a foreign accent. (10) The condition is most often caused by a stroke or traumatic brain injury. Although people with the syndrome have intelligible speech, their manner of speaking is altered in terms of timing and tongue placement, which may distort their pronunciation. The result is that they may sound foreign when speaking their native language.
It’s not clear whether Myers has experienced a stroke or other brain damage, but she also has a separate medical condition which can result in loose joints, easily bruised skin and other problems. Foreign Accent Syndrome is rare, with only about 60 cases reported within the past century. (11) However, a different American woman reportedly spoke with a Russian accent in 2010 after she fell down the stairs and hit her head.
11. What accent did another American woman speak with after a head injury?
解析：C。录音最后一句说，另一名美国女子受伤后开始说俄罗斯口音。因为说英国口音的是第一名女子梅耶斯，因此A项排除，C项正确。
12、Question 12 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Water sports.
B、Racing in rivers.
C、Stories about women swimmers.
D、Books about swimming.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
There is something about water that makes it a good metaphor for life. That may be one reason why so many people find relief in swimming when life’s seas get rough. (12) And it goes some way towards explaining why books about swimming, in which people tackle icy lakes, race in rivers, and overcome oceans while reflecting on their lives, have recently become so popular. These books reflect a trend, particularly strong in Britain, where swimming in pools is declining, but more and more folks are opting for open water. “Wild swimming” seems to be especially popular among women. (13) Jenny Landreth recently published a guide to the best swimming spots in London.
Her new book, Swell, interweaves her own story with the history of female pioneers, who accomplished remarkable feats and paved the way for future generations. (14) Notions of modesty restricted women in the Victorian era, but they still swam. A “bathing machine” was rolled down to the seashore so women would not be seen in swimwear. (14) In 1892 The Gentlewoman’s Book of Sport described a woman swimming in a heavy dress, boots, hat, gloves, and carrying an umbrella. Eventually, swimming became freer. Mixed bathing was permitted on British beaches in 1901. Women won the right to swim in public pools, learned to swim properly, created appropriate swimwear, and in time, even competed against men.
(15) The first woman to cross the English Channel was Gertrude Ederle. In 1926, she beat the record by almost two hours and her father rewarded her with a red sports car.
12. What has become so popular recently?
解析：D。录音开头说到，这也间接解释了为什么最近关于游泳的书备受欢迎。D选项Books about swimming原词复现，因此D项正确。B项“在河里比赛”是游泳书籍中的部分描写，以偏概全，故排除。C项内容出现在录音后半段，同样也只是另一本游泳书籍中的内容，故排除。
13、Question 13 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、She succeeded in swimming across the English Channel.
B、She published a guide to London’s best swimming spots.
C、She told her story of adventures to some young swimmers.
D、She wrote a book about the history of swimwear in the UK.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
There is something about water that makes it a good metaphor for life. That may be one reason why so many people find relief in swimming when life’s seas get rough. (12) And it goes some way towards explaining why books about swimming, in which people tackle icy lakes, race in rivers, and overcome oceans while reflecting on their lives, have recently become so popular. These books reflect a trend, particularly strong in Britain, where swimming in pools is declining, but more and more folks are opting for open water. “Wild swimming” seems to be especially popular among women. (13) Jenny Landreth recently published a guide to the best swimming spots in London.
Her new book, Swell, interweaves her own story with the history of female pioneers, who accomplished remarkable feats and paved the way for future generations. (14) Notions of modesty restricted women in the Victorian era, but they still swam. A “bathing machine” was rolled down to the seashore so women would not be seen in swimwear. (14) In 1892 The Gentlewoman’s Book of Sport described a woman swimming in a heavy dress, boots, hat, gloves, and carrying an umbrella. Eventually, swimming became freer. Mixed bathing was permitted on British beaches in 1901. Women won the right to swim in public pools, learned to swim properly, created appropriate swimwear, and in time, even competed against men.
(15) The first woman to cross the English Channel was Gertrude Ederle. In 1926, she beat the record by almost two hours and her father rewarded her with a red sports car.
13. What did Jenny Landreth do recently?
解析：B。录音中间部分说到珍妮·兰德斯最近出版了一本伦敦最佳游泳地点指南。B选项在原文中原词复现，因此B项正确。书中除了描写了伦敦最佳游泳地点，还有女性游泳先驱的故事，但没有提到作者自己是否为其中之一，因此C项排除。
14、Question 14 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They loved vacationing on the seashore.
B、They had a unique notion of modesty.
C、They were prohibited from swimming.
D、They were fully dressed when swimming.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
There is something about water that makes it a good metaphor for life. That may be one reason why so many people find relief in swimming when life’s seas get rough. (12) And it goes some way towards explaining why books about swimming, in which people tackle icy lakes, race in rivers, and overcome oceans while reflecting on their lives, have recently become so popular. These books reflect a trend, particularly strong in Britain, where swimming in pools is declining, but more and more folks are opting for open water. “Wild swimming” seems to be especially popular among women. (13) Jenny Landreth recently published a guide to the best swimming spots in London.
Her new book, Swell, interweaves her own story with the history of female pioneers, who accomplished remarkable feats and paved the way for future generations. (14) Notions of modesty restricted women in the Victorian era, but they still swam. A “bathing machine” was rolled down to the seashore so women would not be seen in swimwear. (14) In 1892 The Gentlewoman’s Book of Sport described a woman swimming in a heavy dress, boots, hat, gloves, and carrying an umbrella. Eventually, swimming became freer. Mixed bathing was permitted on British beaches in 1901. Women won the right to swim in public pools, learned to swim properly, created appropriate swimwear, and in time, even competed against men.
(15) The first woman to cross the English Channel was Gertrude Ederle. In 1926, she beat the record by almost two hours and her father rewarded her with a red sports car.
14. What do we learn about women in the Victorian era?
解析：D。录音中间说到，女性被保守观念束缚但依然坚持游泳，书中描绘的女性即使穿得很多，但依然坚持游泳。其中fully dressed对应书中对穿着的描写，因此D项正确。
15、Question 15 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、She designed lots of appropriate swimwear for women.
B、She once successfully competed against men in swimming.
C、She was the first woman to swim across the English Channel.
D、She was an advocate of women’s right to swim in public pools.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
There is something about water that makes it a good metaphor for life. That may be one reason why so many people find relief in swimming when life’s seas get rough. (12) And it goes some way towards explaining why books about swimming, in which people tackle icy lakes, race in rivers, and overcome oceans while reflecting on their lives, have recently become so popular. These books reflect a trend, particularly strong in Britain, where swimming in pools is declining, but more and more folks are opting for open water. “Wild swimming” seems to be especially popular among women. (13) Jenny Landreth recently published a guide to the best swimming spots in London.
Her new book, Swell, interweaves her own story with the history of female pioneers, who accomplished remarkable feats and paved the way for future generations. (14) Notions of modesty restricted women in the Victorian era, but they still swam. A “bathing machine” was rolled down to the seashore so women would not be seen in swimwear. (14) In 1892 The Gentlewoman’s Book of Sport described a woman swimming in a heavy dress, boots, hat, gloves, and carrying an umbrella. Eventually, swimming became freer. Mixed bathing was permitted on British beaches in 1901. Women won the right to swim in public pools, learned to swim properly, created appropriate swimwear, and in time, even competed against men.
(15) The first woman to cross the English Channel was Gertrude Ederle. In 1926, she beat the record by almost two hours and her father rewarded her with a red sports car.
15. What does the passage say about Gertrude Ederle?
解析：C。录音末尾提及格特鲁德·埃德尔的信息，她是第一名横渡英吉利海峡的女性。C选项在原文中原词复现，因此C项正确。
16、Question 16 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Build a machine that can detect lies.
B、Develop a magnetic brain scanner.
C、Test the credibility of court evidence.
D、Win people’s complete trust in them.
解析：
Recording One
听力原文
Today I’m going to talk about a very special kind of person. Psychologists call them “masters of deception”: those rare individuals with a natural ability to tell with complete confidence, when someone is telling a lie. (16) For decades, researchers and law enforcement agencies have tried to build a machine that will do the same thing. Now, a company in Massachusetts says that by using magnetic brain scans, they can determine with 97% accuracy whether someone is telling the truth. They hope that the technology will be cleared for use in American courts by early next year.
But is this really the ultimate tool for you, the lawyers of tomorrow? (17) You will not find many brain scientists celebrating this breakthrough. The company might be very optimistic, but the ability of their machine to detect deception has not provided credible proof. That’s because the technology has not been properly tested in real world situations. In life, there are different kinds of lies and diverse contexts in which they’re told. These differences may elicit different brain responses. Does their hypothesis behind the test apply in every case? We don’t know the answer, because studies done on how reliable this machine is have not yet been duplicated.
Much more research is badly needed. Whether the technology is eventually deemed reliable enough for the courts will ultimately be decided by the judges. Let’s hope they’re wise enough not to be fooled by a machine that claims to determine truthfulness at the flip of a switch. They should also be skeptical of the growing tendency to try to reduce all human traits and actions to the level of brain activity. Often they do not nap that easily. Moreover, understanding the brain is not the same as understanding the mind: some researchers have suggested that thoughts cannot properly be seen as purely “internal”.
Instead, thoughts make sense only in reference to the individuals’ external world. So while there may be insights to be gained from matching behavior to brain activity, those insights will not necessarily lead to justice in a court of law. Problems surround the use of machines to spot deception, at least until it has been rigorously tested. (18) A high-tech test that can tell when a person is not telling the truth sounds too good to be true. And when something sounds too good to be true, it usually is.
16. What have researchers and law enforcement agencies tried to do?
解析：A。录音开头说到，研究人员和执法机构几十年来一直在试着制造一台同样可以确定人是否说谎的机器。原文do the same thing指代上文tell with complete confidence when someone is telling a lie，与A选项detect lies对应，因此A正确。B项的magnetic brain scanner为马萨诸塞州一家公司的科技，而不是由研究人员和执法机构尝试开发，因此B项排除。
17、Question 17 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、They are optimistic about its potential.
B、They are skeptical of its reliability.
C、They think it is but business promotion.
D、They celebrate it with great enthusiasm.
解析：
Recording One
听力原文
Today I’m going to talk about a very special kind of person. Psychologists call them “masters of deception”: those rare individuals with a natural ability to tell with complete confidence, when someone is telling a lie. (16) For decades, researchers and law enforcement agencies have tried to build a machine that will do the same thing. Now, a company in Massachusetts says that by using magnetic brain scans, they can determine with 97% accuracy whether someone is telling the truth. They hope that the technology will be cleared for use in American courts by early next year.
But is this really the ultimate tool for you, the lawyers of tomorrow? (17) You will not find many brain scientists celebrating this breakthrough. The company might be very optimistic, but the ability of their machine to detect deception has not provided credible proof. That’s because the technology has not been properly tested in real world situations. In life, there are different kinds of lies and diverse contexts in which they’re told. These differences may elicit different brain responses. Does their hypothesis behind the test apply in every case? We don’t know the answer, because studies done on how reliable this machine is have not yet been duplicated.
Much more research is badly needed. Whether the technology is eventually deemed reliable enough for the courts will ultimately be decided by the judges. Let’s hope they’re wise enough not to be fooled by a machine that claims to determine truthfulness at the flip of a switch. They should also be skeptical of the growing tendency to try to reduce all human traits and actions to the level of brain activity. Often they do not nap that easily. Moreover, understanding the brain is not the same as understanding the mind: some researchers have suggested that thoughts cannot properly be seen as purely “internal”.
Instead, thoughts make sense only in reference to the individuals’ external world. So while there may be insights to be gained from matching behavior to brain activity, those insights will not necessarily lead to justice in a court of law. Problems surround the use of machines to spot deception, at least until it has been rigorously tested. (18) A high-tech test that can tell when a person is not telling the truth sounds too good to be true. And when something sounds too good to be true, it usually is.
17. How do many brain scientists respond to the Massachusetts companies’ so-called technological breakthrough?
解析：B。录音中间说到，没多少脑科学家会去庆祝这一突破。该家公司可能非常乐观，但他们的机器侦测谎言的能力尚未得到可信证明。可见脑科学家认为这项技术的可靠度还值得怀疑，因此B项正确。
18、Question 18 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、It is not to be trusted at all.
B、It does not sound economical.
C、It may intrude into people’s privacy.
D、It may lead to overuse in court trials.
解析：
Recording One
听力原文
Today I’m going to talk about a very special kind of person. Psychologists call them “masters of deception”: those rare individuals with a natural ability to tell with complete confidence, when someone is telling a lie. (16) For decades, researchers and law enforcement agencies have tried to build a machine that will do the same thing. Now, a company in Massachusetts says that by using magnetic brain scans, they can determine with 97% accuracy whether someone is telling the truth. They hope that the technology will be cleared for use in American courts by early next year.
But is this really the ultimate tool for you, the lawyers of tomorrow? (17) You will not find many brain scientists celebrating this breakthrough. The company might be very optimistic, but the ability of their machine to detect deception has not provided credible proof. That’s because the technology has not been properly tested in real world situations. In life, there are different kinds of lies and diverse contexts in which they’re told. These differences may elicit different brain responses. Does their hypothesis behind the test apply in every case? We don’t know the answer, because studies done on how reliable this machine is have not yet been duplicated.
Much more research is badly needed. Whether the technology is eventually deemed reliable enough for the courts will ultimately be decided by the judges. Let’s hope they’re wise enough not to be fooled by a machine that claims to determine truthfulness at the flip of a switch. They should also be skeptical of the growing tendency to try to reduce all human traits and actions to the level of brain activity. Often they do not nap that easily. Moreover, understanding the brain is not the same as understanding the mind: some researchers have suggested that thoughts cannot properly be seen as purely “internal”.
Instead, thoughts make sense only in reference to the individuals’ external world. So while there may be insights to be gained from matching behavior to brain activity, those insights will not necessarily lead to justice in a court of law. Problems surround the use of machines to spot deception, at least until it has been rigorously tested. (18) A high-tech test that can tell when a person is not telling the truth sounds too good to be true. And when something sounds too good to be true, it usually is.
18. What does the speaker think of using a high-tech test to determine whether a person is telling the truth?
解析：A。录音最后说，通过高科技测试来告诉别人一个人是否在说谎这件事听起来就显得太美好而不太真实。而当一件事听起来好得令人难以置信时，它通常就是不真实的。也就是说，讲话者倾向于认为用机器测谎本身就是不真实的，not true与not to be trusted表意相同，因此A项正确。
19、Question 19 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Most of its residents speak several languages.
B、Some of its indigenous languages are dying out.
C、Each village there speaks a totally different language.
D、Its languages have interested researchers the world over.
解析：
Recording Two
听力原文
Last week, I attended a research workshop on an island in the South Pacific. Thirty people were present, and all except me came from the island, called Makelua, in the nation of Vanuatu. They live in 16 different communities and speak 16 distinct languages. (19) In many cases, you could stand at the edge of one village and see the outskirts of the next community. Yet the residents of each village speak a completely different language.
According to recent work by my colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, this island, just 100 kilometers long and 20 kilometers wide, is home to speakers of perhaps 40 different indigenous languages. Why so many? We could ask the same question of the entire globe. People don’t speak one universal language, or even a handful. Instead, today, our species collectively speaks over seven thousand distinct languages. And these languages are not spread randomly across the planet. (20) For example, far more languages are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones. The tropical island of New Guinea is home to over 900 languages. Russia, 20 times larger, has 105 indigenous languages. Even within the tropics, language diversity varies widely.
For example, the 250,000 people who live on Vanuatu’s 80 islands speak 110 different languages. But in Bangladesh, a population 600 times greater speaks only 41 languages. How come humans speak so many languages? And why are they so unevenly spread across the planet? As it turns out, we have few clear answers to these fundamental questions about how humanity communicates. Most people can easily brainstorm possible answers to these intriguing questions. They hypothesize that language diversity must be about history, cultural differences, mountains, or oceans dividing populations.
But when our diverse team of researchers from six different disciplines and eight different countries began to review what was known, we were shocked that only a dozen previous studies had been done, including one we ourselves completed on language diversity in the Pacific. These prior efforts all examine the degree to which different environmental, social, and geographic variables correlated with a number of languages found in a given location. (21) The results varied a lot from one study to another, and no clear patterns emerged. The studies also ran up against many methodological challenges, the biggest of which centered on the old statistical saying—correlation does not equal causation.
19. What does the speaker say about the island of Makelua?
解析：C。录音开头表明，站在一座村庄边上可以看到下一个社区的轮廓，但是每个社区的居民说的都是完全不同的语言。在这里community与village涵盖的范围相近，C选项与原文表述一致，因此C项正确。
20、Question 20 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、They are spread randomly across the world.
B、Some are more difficult to learn than others.
C、More are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones.
D、They enrich and impact each other in more ways than one.
解析：
Recording Two
听力原文
Last week, I attended a research workshop on an island in the South Pacific. Thirty people were present, and all except me came from the island, called Makelua, in the nation of Vanuatu. They live in 16 different communities and speak 16 distinct languages. (19) In many cases, you could stand at the edge of one village and see the outskirts of the next community. Yet the residents of each village speak a completely different language.
According to recent work by my colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, this island, just 100 kilometers long and 20 kilometers wide, is home to speakers of perhaps 40 different indigenous languages. Why so many? We could ask the same question of the entire globe. People don’t speak one universal language, or even a handful. Instead, today, our species collectively speaks over seven thousand distinct languages. And these languages are not spread randomly across the planet. (20) For example, far more languages are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones. The tropical island of New Guinea is home to over 900 languages. Russia, 20 times larger, has 105 indigenous languages. Even within the tropics, language diversity varies widely.
For example, the 250,000 people who live on Vanuatu’s 80 islands speak 110 different languages. But in Bangladesh, a population 600 times greater speaks only 41 languages. How come humans speak so many languages? And why are they so unevenly spread across the planet? As it turns out, we have few clear answers to these fundamental questions about how humanity communicates. Most people can easily brainstorm possible answers to these intriguing questions. They hypothesize that language diversity must be about history, cultural differences, mountains, or oceans dividing populations.
But when our diverse team of researchers from six different disciplines and eight different countries began to review what was known, we were shocked that only a dozen previous studies had been done, including one we ourselves completed on language diversity in the Pacific. These prior efforts all examine the degree to which different environmental, social, and geographic variables correlated with a number of languages found in a given location. (21) The results varied a lot from one study to another, and no clear patterns emerged. The studies also ran up against many methodological challenges, the biggest of which centered on the old statistical saying—correlation does not equal causation.
20. What do we learn from the talk about languages in the world?
解析：C。录音中说到，热带地区的语言比温带地区多，C项与原文内容完全一致，因此C项正确。
21、Question 21 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、They used different methods to collect and analyze data.
B、They identified distinct patterns of language distribution.
C、Their conclusions do not correspond to their original hypotheses.
D、There is no conclusive account for the cause of language diversity.
解析：
Recording Two
听力原文
Last week, I attended a research workshop on an island in the South Pacific. Thirty people were present, and all except me came from the island, called Makelua, in the nation of Vanuatu. They live in 16 different communities and speak 16 distinct languages. (19) In many cases, you could stand at the edge of one village and see the outskirts of the next community. Yet the residents of each village speak a completely different language.
According to recent work by my colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, this island, just 100 kilometers long and 20 kilometers wide, is home to speakers of perhaps 40 different indigenous languages. Why so many? We could ask the same question of the entire globe. People don’t speak one universal language, or even a handful. Instead, today, our species collectively speaks over seven thousand distinct languages. And these languages are not spread randomly across the planet. (20) For example, far more languages are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones. The tropical island of New Guinea is home to over 900 languages. Russia, 20 times larger, has 105 indigenous languages. Even within the tropics, language diversity varies widely.
For example, the 250,000 people who live on Vanuatu’s 80 islands speak 110 different languages. But in Bangladesh, a population 600 times greater speaks only 41 languages. How come humans speak so many languages? And why are they so unevenly spread across the planet? As it turns out, we have few clear answers to these fundamental questions about how humanity communicates. Most people can easily brainstorm possible answers to these intriguing questions. They hypothesize that language diversity must be about history, cultural differences, mountains, or oceans dividing populations.
But when our diverse team of researchers from six different disciplines and eight different countries began to review what was known, we were shocked that only a dozen previous studies had been done, including one we ourselves completed on language diversity in the Pacific. These prior efforts all examine the degree to which different environmental, social, and geographic variables correlated with a number of languages found in a given location. (21) The results varied a lot from one study to another, and no clear patterns emerged. The studies also ran up against many methodological challenges, the biggest of which centered on the old statistical saying—correlation does not equal causation.
21. What have the diverse team of researchers found about the previous studies on language diversity?
解析：D。录音结尾关于语言多样性的研究方面提到，这些研究的结果又彼此有很大差异，也没有得出共通的模式。其中no clear pattern emerged与D项中的There is no conclusive account对应，为同义替换，因此D项正确。
22、Question 22 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Its middle class is disappearing.
B、Its wealth is rationally distributed.
C、Its population is rapidly growing.
D、Its cherished dream is coming true.
解析：
Recording Three
听力原文
We often hear people say that America is a land of opportunity, a country built on hope to aspire to greatness on the American dream. But is the dream as we once knew it dying? (22) Today’s demographics show that the middle-class is disappearing and now the richest one percent of the population has amassed more wealth than the bottom ninety percent.
(23) Once upon a time, Americans thought that if they worked hard enough, even in the phase of adversity, they would be rewarded with success. These days though, the divide between rich and poor is greater than it has ever been. The question is: what is it going to take to change things? Maybe one day soon, real change will actually be made in our nation and the gap will be eradicated. But what happens in the meantime? Is there something that we can do to help close the gap? Is there something that we can do to prove that a little compassion goes a long way? If we want to fix the problem of the income gap, first, we have to understand it. It is a grim reality that you can have one person who only makes around 13,000 dollars a year, while across town, another is making millions. For me, it is kind of astonishing.
(24) And if you ask low-income people, what’s the one thing that would change the life, they’ll say “a full-time job”. That’s all they aspire to. So, why is it so difficult for so many people to find employment? It partly comes down to profit-driven business models that are built around low-wage work and part-time jobs that don’t provide benefits. (25) Businesses, in order to boost their profits, hire employees as part-time workers only. This means they are paid the lowest legal wage and receive no health care or other benefits provided to full-time employees.
Simultaneously, technological advancement and a global economy has reduced the demand for well-paying blue-collar jobs here in the United States. The cumulative effect of these two factors is that many Americans are forced to take two or more part-time jobs, just to make ends meet. What has become obvious to me when it comes to the income gap is that there needs to be an opportunity for the people at the bottom to push them back up and push them into the middle-class to give them hope in their lives.
22. What do the surveys show about America, according to the speaker?
解析：A。录音开头即说到人口统计学表明中产阶级正在消失。A项与录音原文一致，为原词复现，因此正确。
23、Question 23 is based on the recordinh you have just heard.
A、Success was but a dream without conscientious spirit.
B、They could realize their dreams through hard work.
C、A few dollars could go a long way.
D、Wealth was shared by all citizens.
解析：
Recording Three
听力原文
We often hear people say that America is a land of opportunity, a country built on hope to aspire to greatness on the American dream. But is the dream as we once knew it dying? (22) Today’s demographics show that the middle-class is disappearing and now the richest one percent of the population has amassed more wealth than the bottom ninety percent.
(23) Once upon a time, Americans thought that if they worked hard enough, even in the phase of adversity, they would be rewarded with success. These days though, the divide between rich and poor is greater than it has ever been. The question is: what is it going to take to change things? Maybe one day soon, real change will actually be made in our nation and the gap will be eradicated. But what happens in the meantime? Is there something that we can do to help close the gap? Is there something that we can do to prove that a little compassion goes a long way? If we want to fix the problem of the income gap, first, we have to understand it. It is a grim reality that you can have one person who only makes around 13,000 dollars a year, while across town, another is making millions. For me, it is kind of astonishing.
(24) And if you ask low-income people, what’s the one thing that would change the life, they’ll say “a full-time job”. That’s all they aspire to. So, why is it so difficult for so many people to find employment? It partly comes down to profit-driven business models that are built around low-wage work and part-time jobs that don’t provide benefits. (25) Businesses, in order to boost their profits, hire employees as part-time workers only. This means they are paid the lowest legal wage and receive no health care or other benefits provided to full-time employees.
Simultaneously, technological advancement and a global economy has reduced the demand for well-paying blue-collar jobs here in the United States. The cumulative effect of these two factors is that many Americans are forced to take two or more part-time jobs, just to make ends meet. What has become obvious to me when it comes to the income gap is that there needs to be an opportunity for the people at the bottom to push them back up and push them into the middle-class to give them hope in their lives.
23. What did Americans use to believe?
解析：B。录音提到，曾经，美国人认为如果他们工作足够努力，即使在逆境中也会赢得成功。其中if they worked hard enough与through hard work对应，they will be rewarded with success与They could realize their dreams对应，因此B正确。
24、Question 24 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Better working conditions.
B、Better-paying jobs.
C、High social status.
D、Full employment.
解析：
Recording Three
听力原文
We often hear people say that America is a land of opportunity, a country built on hope to aspire to greatness on the American dream. But is the dream as we once knew it dying? (22) Today’s demographics show that the middle-class is disappearing and now the richest one percent of the population has amassed more wealth than the bottom ninety percent.
(23) Once upon a time, Americans thought that if they worked hard enough, even in the phase of adversity, they would be rewarded with success. These days though, the divide between rich and poor is greater than it has ever been. The question is: what is it going to take to change things? Maybe one day soon, real change will actually be made in our nation and the gap will be eradicated. But what happens in the meantime? Is there something that we can do to help close the gap? Is there something that we can do to prove that a little compassion goes a long way? If we want to fix the problem of the income gap, first, we have to understand it. It is a grim reality that you can have one person who only makes around 13,000 dollars a year, while across town, another is making millions. For me, it is kind of astonishing.
(24) And if you ask low-income people, what’s the one thing that would change the life, they’ll say “a full-time job”. That’s all they aspire to. So, why is it so difficult for so many people to find employment? It partly comes down to profit-driven business models that are built around low-wage work and part-time jobs that don’t provide benefits. (25) Businesses, in order to boost their profits, hire employees as part-time workers only. This means they are paid the lowest legal wage and receive no health care or other benefits provided to full-time employees.
Simultaneously, technological advancement and a global economy has reduced the demand for well-paying blue-collar jobs here in the United States. The cumulative effect of these two factors is that many Americans are forced to take two or more part-time jobs, just to make ends meet. What has become obvious to me when it comes to the income gap is that there needs to be an opportunity for the people at the bottom to push them back up and push them into the middle-class to give them hope in their lives.
24. What do low-income people aspire to?
解析：D。录音中提到，如果问低收入人群什么可以改变他们的生活，他们会认为是一份全职工作，因此选D项。
25、Question 25 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、 Reduce the administrative costs.
B、Adopt effective business models.
C、Hire part-time employees only.
D、Make use of the latest technology.
解析：
Recording Three
听力原文
We often hear people say that America is a land of opportunity, a country built on hope to aspire to greatness on the American dream. But is the dream as we once knew it dying? (22) Today’s demographics show that the middle-class is disappearing and now the richest one percent of the population has amassed more wealth than the bottom ninety percent.
(23) Once upon a time, Americans thought that if they worked hard enough, even in the phase of adversity, they would be rewarded with success. These days though, the divide between rich and poor is greater than it has ever been. The question is: what is it going to take to change things? Maybe one day soon, real change will actually be made in our nation and the gap will be eradicated. But what happens in the meantime? Is there something that we can do to help close the gap? Is there something that we can do to prove that a little compassion goes a long way? If we want to fix the problem of the income gap, first, we have to understand it. It is a grim reality that you can have one person who only makes around 13,000 dollars a year, while across town, another is making millions. For me, it is kind of astonishing.
(24) And if you ask low-income people, what’s the one thing that would change the life, they’ll say “a full-time job”. That’s all they aspire to. So, why is it so difficult for so many people to find employment? It partly comes down to profit-driven business models that are built around low-wage work and part-time jobs that don’t provide benefits. (25) Businesses, in order to boost their profits, hire employees as part-time workers only. This means they are paid the lowest legal wage and receive no health care or other benefits provided to full-time employees.
Simultaneously, technological advancement and a global economy has reduced the demand for well-paying blue-collar jobs here in the United States. The cumulative effect of these two factors is that many Americans are forced to take two or more part-time jobs, just to make ends meet. What has become obvious to me when it comes to the income gap is that there needs to be an opportunity for the people at the bottom to push them back up and push them into the middle-class to give them hope in their lives.
25. What do businesses do to increase their revenues?
解析：C。录音中间提到，为了扩大利润，商业只会雇用兼职工人。题干中increase their revenues对应录音中boost their profits，C项是对录音中hire employees as part-time workers only的同义转述，故为正确答案。
二、Part III Reading Comprehension
Surfing the Internet during class doesn’t just steal focus from the educator; it also hurts students who’re already struggling to (26)_____ the material. A new study from Michigan State University, though, argues that all students—including high achievers—see a decline in performance when they browse the Internet during class for non-academic purposes.
To measure the effects of Internet-based distractions during class, researchers (27)_____ 500 students taking an introductory psychology class at Michigan State University. Researchers used ACT scores as a measure of intellectual (28)_____. Because previous research has shown that people with high intellectual abilities are better at (29)_____ out distractions, researchers believed students with high ACT scores would not show a (30)_____ decrease in performance due to their use of digital devices. But students who surfed the web during class did worse on their exams regardless of their ACT scores, suggesting that even the academically smartest students are harmed when they’re distracted in class.
College professors are increasingly (31)_____ alarm bells about the effects smartphones, laptops, and tablets have on academic performance. One 2013 study of college students found that 80% of students use their phones or laptops during class, with the average student checking their digital device 11 times in a (32)_____ class. A quarter of students report that their use of digital devices during class causes their grades to (33)_____.
Professors sometimes implement policies designed to (34)_____ students’ use of digital devices, and some instructors even confiscate (没收) tablets and phones. In a world where people are increasingly dependent on their phones, though, such strategies often fail. One international study found that 84% of people say they couldn’t go a day without their smartphones. Until students are able to (35)_____ the pull of social networking, texting and endlessly surfing the web, they may continue to struggle in their classes.
26、(1)
A、obscure
B、eradication
C、resist
D、filtering
E、typical
F、obsess
G、significant
H、raising
I、suffer
J、legacy
K、evaporated
L、grasp
M、aptitude
N、evaluated
O、minimize
解析：
名词：
aptitude 才能；天赋
eradication 消灭；根除
grasp 紧握；理解力
legacy 遗产
动词：
evaluated (-ed) 评价；评估
evaporated (-ed) 蒸发；消散
filtering (-ing) 过滤
grasp 抓紧；领悟
minimize 最小化
obscure 使模糊；使隐晦
obsess 使着迷
raising (-ing) 发起；提升
resist 抵制；抵挡
形容词
obscure 昏暗的；晦涩的
significant 显著的；意义重大的
typical 典型的；平常的
26. grasp
解析：动词辨析题。空格前为介词to，空格后为名词the material，因此本空应填入动词原形构成不定式，形成struggle to do的搭配。根据语义，上课时上网不仅分散老师的注意力，还会干扰到那些已经在努力____知识的学生。通过分析备选项可知，此处应指“掌握”知识，故本题选grasp（掌握）。
27. evaluated
解析：动词辨析题。空格前为主语researchers，空格后为宾语500 students，空格处应填入谓语动词。通过后面句子中Researchers used…可知，此处应填入动词的过去式。根据语义，为了衡量上课时网络造成的影响，研究人员____500名密歇根州立大学的学生在心理学入门课上的表现。分析备选项中的动词过去式evaluated和evaporated可知，空格所在句要表达的意思是研究人员“评估”了学生的表现，故正确答案为evaluated。 evaporated（蒸发；消散）代入原文，不能构成合理语义，故排除。
28. aptitude
解析：名词辨析题。空格前为形容词intellectual，本空应填入名词。根据语义，研究人员使用ACT分数来作为衡量智力____的标准。由此可推断，研究人员是想通过ACT分数衡量有关智力方面的能力，故本空应填入aptitude（才能），其他名词备选项代入原文均不能构成合理语义，故排除。
29. filtering
解析：动词辨析题。空格处所在的句子为固定搭配be better at doing sth.，因此本空应填入动词的ing形式。根据语义，因为之前的研究表明智力水平更高的学生更善于____干扰，所以研究者相信ACT得分较高的学生不会因为使用电子设备而表现出下降。本题后半句提到研究者相信ACT得分高的学生不会受电子设备的某方面影响，这是因为这些学生会避免外界因素对他们产生的影响，也就是说他们更善于排除干扰。备选项中只有filtering（过滤）符合题意。
30. significant
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前为不定冠词a，空格后为名词decrease，因此本空应填入形容词，修饰decrease。根据语义，研究者相信ACT得分较高的学生不会因为使用电子设备而表现出____下降。分析备选项，只有significant（显著的）符合题意。
31. raising
解析：动词辨析题。空格前为are increasingly，空格后为名词alarm bells，因此本空应填入动词的现在分词形式。根据语义，大学教授正越来越频繁地因智能手机、笔记本电脑和平板电脑对学习的影响而____警告。由此可推断，大学教授是在对学生们的学习发出警告，故本空应填入raising（发起）。
32. typical
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前为不定冠词a，空格后为名词class，因此本空应填入形容词，修饰class。根据语义，2013年的一项针对大学生的研究发现，80%的学生会在上课时使用手机或笔记本电脑，平均每个学生在一节____课上查看电子设备11次。通过分析各形容词备选项，只有代入typical（平常的）符合题意，表示“一节平常的课堂上”，故本题选typical。
33. suffer
解析：动词辨析题。空格前为介词to，由此可推断本空应填入动词原形。根据语义，四分之一的学生报告说，他们在课堂上使用电子设备导致成绩____。全文的论点是课上使用电子设备会影响学生的学习，故本空是在说电子设备会导致学习成绩下降，空格处应填入一个和“下降”意思相近的单词。备选项中只有suffer可表示“变差”，与此含义相似，故本题选suffer。
34. minimize
解析：动词辨析题。空格前为designed to，空格后为名词短语students’ use of digital devices，因此本空应填入动词原形，构成designed to do sth.不定式结构。根据语义，大学教授有时会采取一些措施，旨在____学生使用数码设备的次数，有些教师甚至会没收平板电脑和手机。通过后半句的没收电子设备可知，一些教授是想通过一些手段来减少学生对电子设备的使用量，故本空应填 minimize（最小化）。
35. resist
解析：动词辨析题。空格前为are able to，本空应填入动词原形。根据语义，除非学生能够____社交网络、发短信和无休止上网的诱惑，否则他们可能会继续在课堂上挣扎。前文说到，84%的人表示他们一天都离不开智能手机，由此可推断空格处意为，除非学生能够抵制电子设备的诱惑，故本空根据大意应填入 resist（抵制）。
27、(2)
A、obscure
B、eradication
C、resist
D、filtering
E、typical
F、obsess
G、significant
H、raising
I、suffer
J、legacy
K、evaporated
L、grasp
M、aptitude
N、evaluated
O、minimize
解析：见上一题！
28、(3)
A、obscure
B、eradication
C、resist
D、filtering
E、typical
F、obsess
G、significant
H、raising
I、suffer
J、legacy
K、evaporated
L、grasp
M、aptitude
N、evaluated
O、minimize
解析：见上一题！
29、(4)
A、obscure
B、eradication
C、resist
D、filtering
E、typical
F、obsess
G、significant
H、raising
I、suffer
J、legacy
K、evaporated
L、grasp
M、aptitude
N、evaluated
O、minimize
解析：见上一题！
30、(5)
A、obscure
B、eradication
C、resist
D、filtering
E、typical
F、obsess
G、significant
H、raising
I、suffer
J、legacy
K、evaporated
L、grasp
M、aptitude
N、evaluated
O、minimize
解析：见上一题！
31、(6)
A、obscure
B、eradication
C、resist
D、filtering
E、typical
F、obsess
G、significant
H、raising
I、suffer
J、legacy
K、evaporated
L、grasp
M、aptitude
N、evaluated
O、minimize
解析：见上一题！
32、(7)
A、obscure
B、eradication
C、resist
D、filtering
E、typical
F、obsess
G、significant
H、raising
I、suffer
J、legacy
K、evaporated
L、grasp
M、aptitude
N、evaluated
O、minimize
解析：见上一题！
33、(8)
A、obscure
B、eradication
C、resist
D、filtering
E、typical
F、obsess
G、significant
H、raising
I、suffer
J、legacy
K、evaporated
L、grasp
M、aptitude
N、evaluated
O、minimize
解析：见上一题！
34、(9)
A、obscure
B、eradication
C、resist
D、filtering
E、typical
F、obsess
G、significant
H、raising
I、suffer
J、legacy
K、evaporated
L、grasp
M、aptitude
N、evaluated
O、minimize
解析：见上一题！
35、(10)
A、obscure
B、eradication
C、resist
D、filtering
E、typical
F、obsess
G、significant
H、raising
I、suffer
J、legacy
K、evaporated
L、grasp
M、aptitude
N、evaluated
O、minimize
解析：见上一题！
A Pioneering Woman of Science Re-Emerges After 300 Years
36、36. Merian was the first scientist to study a type of American ant.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
O、O
P、P
解析：36. 梅里安是第一位研究某种美洲蚂蚁的科学家。
