一、Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1、Question 1 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Stop worrying about him.
B、Keep away from the statue.
C、Take a picture of him.
D、Put on a smile for the photo.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
M: (1) Do you mind taking my photo with the statue over there? I think it will make a great shot.
W: Sure. No worries. You’re always taking photos. What do you do with all the photos you take?
M: Well, don’t laugh. (2) My dream is to become an online celebrity of sorts.
W: You’re not serious, are you?
M: I am, completely. I just got the idea a few months ago after posting some holiday photos on my social media accounts. A lot of people liked my photos and started asking me for travel tips. So I figured I’d give it a go. I post a lot on social media anyway. So I’ve got nothing to lose.
W: I guess that’s true. So what you have to do to become Internet famous?
M: Surprisingly, a lot more than I did as a hobby. (3) Recently, I’ve been spending a lot more time editing photos, posting online and clearing storage on my phone. It’s always full now.
W: That doesn’t sound like too much work.
M: Well, there’s more to it. I spent all last weekend researching what topics are popular, what words to use in captions and similar accounts to follow. It really was a lot to take in. And I was up well past midnight. I’d say it’s paying off though. I increase the number of people following my accounts by 15% already.
W: That is impressive. I guess I never thought much about all the effort behind the scene. Now that I think about it, (4) there’s always something wrong with my photos as it is—half smiles, closed eyes, messy hair. I hope you have better luck than I do. Then again, I think the only person interested in my photos is my mum.
1. What does the man ask the woman to do?
解析：C。录音开始时，男士问女士是否可以帮他跟那边的雕像照张相，其中taking a photo与take a picture为同义替换，因此选C。B项中的statue在录音中出现，但录音是说男士想与雕像合影，而没有提到让女士离雕像远一点，故B项错误。
2、Question 2 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Gaining great fame on the Internet.
B、Publishing a collection of his photos.
C、Collecting the best photos in the world.
D、Becoming a professional photographer.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
M: (1) Do you mind taking my photo with the statue over there? I think it will make a great shot.
W: Sure. No worries. You’re always taking photos. What do you do with all the photos you take?
M: Well, don’t laugh. (2) My dream is to become an online celebrity of sorts.
W: You’re not serious, are you?
M: I am, completely. I just got the idea a few months ago after posting some holiday photos on my social media accounts. A lot of people liked my photos and started asking me for travel tips. So I figured I’d give it a go. I post a lot on social media anyway. So I’ve got nothing to lose.
W: I guess that’s true. So what you have to do to become Internet famous?
M: Surprisingly, a lot more than I did as a hobby. (3) Recently, I’ve been spending a lot more time editing photos, posting online and clearing storage on my phone. It’s always full now.
W: That doesn’t sound like too much work.
M: Well, there’s more to it. I spent all last weekend researching what topics are popular, what words to use in captions and similar accounts to follow. It really was a lot to take in. And I was up well past midnight. I’d say it’s paying off though. I increase the number of people following my accounts by 15% already.
W: That is impressive. I guess I never thought much about all the effort behind the scene. Now that I think about it, (4) there’s always something wrong with my photos as it is—half smiles, closed eyes, messy hair. I hope you have better luck than I do. Then again, I think the only person interested in my photos is my mum.
2. What does the man dream of?
解析：A。对话第二回合中，男士表示，他的梦想是成为某种类型的网红，其中become an online celebrity表示“成为网络名人”，与Gaining great fame on the Internet表意相同，故A项正确。
3、Question 3 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Surfing various websites and collecting photos.
B、Editing his pictures and posting them online.
C、Following similar accounts to compare notes.
D、Studying the pictures in popular social media.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
M: (1) Do you mind taking my photo with the statue over there? I think it will make a great shot.
W: Sure. No worries. You’re always taking photos. What do you do with all the photos you take?
M: Well, don’t laugh. (2) My dream is to become an online celebrity of sorts.
W: You’re not serious, are you?
M: I am, completely. I just got the idea a few months ago after posting some holiday photos on my social media accounts. A lot of people liked my photos and started asking me for travel tips. So I figured I’d give it a go. I post a lot on social media anyway. So I’ve got nothing to lose.
W: I guess that’s true. So what you have to do to become Internet famous?
M: Surprisingly, a lot more than I did as a hobby. (3) Recently, I’ve been spending a lot more time editing photos, posting online and clearing storage on my phone. It’s always full now.
W: That doesn’t sound like too much work.
M: Well, there’s more to it. I spent all last weekend researching what topics are popular, what words to use in captions and similar accounts to follow. It really was a lot to take in. And I was up well past midnight. I’d say it’s paying off though. I increase the number of people following my accounts by 15% already.
W: That is impressive. I guess I never thought much about all the effort behind the scene. Now that I think about it, (4) there’s always something wrong with my photos as it is—half smiles, closed eyes, messy hair. I hope you have better luck than I do. Then again, I think the only person interested in my photos is my mum.
3. What has the man been busy doing recently?
解析：B。对话第四回合中，男士提到他最近花很多时间用来修图并上传图片。其中B项的Editing his pictures与I’ve spending a lot more time editing photos为原词复现，posting online也为原词复现，因此B正确。男士只是研究受欢迎的话题，但没有直接提到他在研究社交媒体上的照片，故D项错误。
4、Question 4 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、They are far from satisfactory.
B、They are mostly taken by her mom.
C、They make an impressive album.
D、They record her fond memories.
解析：
Conversation One
听力原文
M: (1) Do you mind taking my photo with the statue over there? I think it will make a great shot.
W: Sure. No worries. You’re always taking photos. What do you do with all the photos you take?
M: Well, don’t laugh. (2) My dream is to become an online celebrity of sorts.
W: You’re not serious, are you?
M: I am, completely. I just got the idea a few months ago after posting some holiday photos on my social media accounts. A lot of people liked my photos and started asking me for travel tips. So I figured I’d give it a go. I post a lot on social media anyway. So I’ve got nothing to lose.
W: I guess that’s true. So what you have to do to become Internet famous?
M: Surprisingly, a lot more than I did as a hobby. (3) Recently, I’ve been spending a lot more time editing photos, posting online and clearing storage on my phone. It’s always full now.
W: That doesn’t sound like too much work.
M: Well, there’s more to it. I spent all last weekend researching what topics are popular, what words to use in captions and similar accounts to follow. It really was a lot to take in. And I was up well past midnight. I’d say it’s paying off though. I increase the number of people following my accounts by 15% already.
W: That is impressive. I guess I never thought much about all the effort behind the scene. Now that I think about it, (4) there’s always something wrong with my photos as it is—half smiles, closed eyes, messy hair. I hope you have better luck than I do. Then again, I think the only person interested in my photos is my mum.
4. What does the woman say about her photos?
解析：A。女士在对话最后提到，她的照片总是有这样那样的问题。其中there’s always something wrong with my photos为They are far from satisfactory的同义转述，故A项正确。而关于女士妈妈的信息在录音中是说可能只有她妈妈喜欢她的照片，并不是说照片是她妈妈照的，所以B项错误。
5、Question 5 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、A journal reporting the latest progress in physics.
B、An introductory course of modern physics.
C、An occasion for physicists to exchange ideas.
D、A series of interviews with outstanding physicists.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
M: Good evening and welcome to Physics Today. (5) Here we interview some of the greatest minds in physics as they help us to understand some of the most complicated theories. Today, I’m very pleased to welcome Dr. Melissa Philips, professor of theoretical physics. She’s here to tell us a little about what it is she studies. Dr. Philips, you seem to study everything.
W: I guess that would be fair to say. (6) I spend most of my time studying The Big Bang Theory and where our universe came from.
M: Can you tell us a little about that?
W: Well, (7) I’m very interested in why the universe exists at all. That may sound odd, but the fact is at the moment of the big bang, both matter and anti-matter were created for a short time, and I mean just a fraction of a second. The whole universe was a super-hot soup of radiation filled with these particles. So what’s baffled scientists for so long is “why is there a universe at all?”
M: That’s because matter and anti-matter are basically opposites of each other. They are exactly alike, except that they have opposite electrical charges. So when they collide, they destroy each other?
W: Exactly. So during the first few moments of the big bang, the universe was extremely hot and very small. Matter and the now more exotic anti-matter would have had little space to avoid each other. This means that they should have totally wiped each other out, leaving the universe completely barren.
M: (8) But a recent study seems to point to the fact that when matter and anti-matter were first created, there were slightly more particles of matter, which allowed the universe we all live in to form?
W: Exactly. Because there was slightly more matter, the collisions quickly depleted all the anti-matter and left just enough matter to create stars, planets, and eventually us.
5. What does the man say is Physics Today?
解析：D。男士在录音开头说，《今日物理学》访谈的对象是一些伟大的物理学家。其中Here we interview some of...与A series of interviews为同义替换，the greatest minds in physics与outstanding physicists为同义替换，故D正确。访谈节目是主持人对物理学家进行访谈，而没有说到让物理学家彼此交换意见，故C项排除。
6、Question 6 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、 The future of the physical world.
B、The origin of the universe.
C、Sources of radiation.
D、Particle theory.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
M: Good evening and welcome to Physics Today. (5) Here we interview some of the greatest minds in physics as they help us to understand some of the most complicated theories. Today, I’m very pleased to welcome Dr. Melissa Philips, professor of theoretical physics. She’s here to tell us a little about what it is she studies. Dr. Philips, you seem to study everything.
W: I guess that would be fair to say. (6) I spend most of my time studying The Big Bang Theory and where our universe came from.
M: Can you tell us a little about that?
W: Well, (7) I’m very interested in why the universe exists at all. That may sound odd, but the fact is at the moment of the big bang, both matter and anti-matter were created for a short time, and I mean just a fraction of a second. The whole universe was a super-hot soup of radiation filled with these particles. So what’s baffled scientists for so long is “why is there a universe at all?”
M: That’s because matter and anti-matter are basically opposites of each other. They are exactly alike, except that they have opposite electrical charges. So when they collide, they destroy each other?
W: Exactly. So during the first few moments of the big bang, the universe was extremely hot and very small. Matter and the now more exotic anti-matter would have had little space to avoid each other. This means that they should have totally wiped each other out, leaving the universe completely barren.
M: (8) But a recent study seems to point to the fact that when matter and anti-matter were first created, there were slightly more particles of matter, which allowed the universe we all live in to form?
W: Exactly. Because there was slightly more matter, the collisions quickly depleted all the anti-matter and left just enough matter to create stars, planets, and eventually us.
6. What is the woman physicist’s main research area?
解析：B。对话第一回合中，女士提及，她花费大部分的时间来研究大爆炸理论，还有我们的宇宙是怎么来的。她研究的是where our universe came from，与B选项The origin of the universe为同义转述，因此B项正确。
7、Question 7 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、How matter collides with anti-matter.
B、Whether the universe will turn barren.
C、Why there exists anti-matter.
D、Why there is a universe at all.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
M: Good evening and welcome to Physics Today. (5) Here we interview some of the greatest minds in physics as they help us to understand some of the most complicated theories. Today, I’m very pleased to welcome Dr. Melissa Philips, professor of theoretical physics. She’s here to tell us a little about what it is she studies. Dr. Philips, you seem to study everything.
W: I guess that would be fair to say. (6) I spend most of my time studying The Big Bang Theory and where our universe came from.
M: Can you tell us a little about that?
W: Well, (7) I’m very interested in why the universe exists at all. That may sound odd, but the fact is at the moment of the big bang, both matter and anti-matter were created for a short time, and I mean just a fraction of a second. The whole universe was a super-hot soup of radiation filled with these particles. So what’s baffled scientists for so long is “why is there a universe at all?”
M: That’s because matter and anti-matter are basically opposites of each other. They are exactly alike, except that they have opposite electrical charges. So when they collide, they destroy each other?
W: Exactly. So during the first few moments of the big bang, the universe was extremely hot and very small. Matter and the now more exotic anti-matter would have had little space to avoid each other. This means that they should have totally wiped each other out, leaving the universe completely barren.
M: (8) But a recent study seems to point to the fact that when matter and anti-matter were first created, there were slightly more particles of matter, which allowed the universe we all live in to form?
W: Exactly. Because there was slightly more matter, the collisions quickly depleted all the anti-matter and left just enough matter to create stars, planets, and eventually us.
7. What is the woman interested in?
解析：D。对话第二回合中，女士提及，自己对宇宙究竟为什么存在感兴趣。D选项与录音中表述一致，因此D正确。
8、Question 8 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Matter and anti-matter are opposites of each other.
B、Anti-matter allowed humans to come into existence.
C、The universe formed due to a sufficient amount of matter.
D、Anti-matter exists in very high-temperature environments.
解析：
Conversation Two
听力原文
M: Good evening and welcome to Physics Today. (5) Here we interview some of the greatest minds in physics as they help us to understand some of the most complicated theories. Today, I’m very pleased to welcome Dr. Melissa Philips, professor of theoretical physics. She’s here to tell us a little about what it is she studies. Dr. Philips, you seem to study everything.
W: I guess that would be fair to say. (6) I spend most of my time studying The Big Bang Theory and where our universe came from.
M: Can you tell us a little about that?
W: Well, (7) I’m very interested in why the universe exists at all. That may sound odd, but the fact is at the moment of the big bang, both matter and anti-matter were created for a short time, and I mean just a fraction of a second. The whole universe was a super-hot soup of radiation filled with these particles. So what’s baffled scientists for so long is “why is there a universe at all?”
M: That’s because matter and anti-matter are basically opposites of each other. They are exactly alike, except that they have opposite electrical charges. So when they collide, they destroy each other?
W: Exactly. So during the first few moments of the big bang, the universe was extremely hot and very small. Matter and the now more exotic anti-matter would have had little space to avoid each other. This means that they should have totally wiped each other out, leaving the universe completely barren.
M: (8) But a recent study seems to point to the fact that when matter and anti-matter were first created, there were slightly more particles of matter, which allowed the universe we all live in to form?
W: Exactly. Because there was slightly more matter, the collisions quickly depleted all the anti-matter and left just enough matter to create stars, planets, and eventually us.
8. What seems to be the finding of the recent study?
解析：C。录音末尾，男士的最后一句话说，最新研究表明，当物质和反物质刚刚被创造出来的时候，物质的粒子量略多一些，这使我们所生活的宇宙得以形成。根据前文信息，可见物质的数量大于反物质的数量，因此碰撞后应有足量的物质，所以宇宙得以形成。因此C项正确。
9、Question 9 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、She found herself speaking a foreign language.
B、She woke up speaking with a different accent.
C、She found some symptoms of her illness gone.
D、She woke up finding herself in another country.
解析：
Passage One
听力原文
In this week’s edition of special series on Bizarre Medical Conditions, there’s a report of the case of Michelle Myers. (9) Myers is an American woman who woke up one day speaking with a British accent, even though she’s lived in the United States all her life. In 2015, Myers went to bed with a terrible headache. She woke up sounding like someone from England. Her British accent has remained for the past two years. Previously, Myers had woken up speaking in Irish and Australian accents. However, on both of those occasions, the accents lasted for only a week.
Myers has been diagnosed with Foreign Accent Syndrome. It’s a disorder in which a person experiences a sudden change to their speech so that they sound like they are speaking in a foreign accent. (10) The condition is most often caused by a stroke or traumatic brain injury. Although people with the syndrome have intelligible speech, their manner of speaking is altered in terms of timing and tongue placement, which may distort their pronunciation. The result is that they may sound foreign when speaking their native language.
It’s not clear whether Myers has experienced a stroke or other brain damage, but she also has a separate medical condition which can result in loose joints, easily bruised skin and other problems. Foreign Accent Syndrome is rare, with only about 60 cases reported within the past century. (11) However, a different American woman reportedly spoke with a Russian accent in 2010 after she fell down the stairs and hit her head.
9. What happened to Michelle Myers one day?
解析：B。录音开头说到，梅耶斯在某一天醒来后开始说英国口音。梅耶斯是美国人而说的是英国口音，与B项a different accent信息对应，因此选B。由于英国口音仍然是英语，与A选项foreign language不符，故排除。而录音后面提到外国口音综合征与某些疾病存在关系，但与梅耶斯自身状况没有关系，也没有说明她自己发现自己出现疾病症状，因此C项错误。
10、Question 10 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、It is usually caused by a stroke or brain injury.
B、It has not yet found any effective treatment.
C、 It leaves the patient with a distorted memory.
D、 It often happens to people with speech defects.
解析：
Passage One
听力原文
In this week’s edition of special series on Bizarre Medical Conditions, there’s a report of the case of Michelle Myers. (9) Myers is an American woman who woke up one day speaking with a British accent, even though she’s lived in the United States all her life. In 2015, Myers went to bed with a terrible headache. She woke up sounding like someone from England. Her British accent has remained for the past two years. Previously, Myers had woken up speaking in Irish and Australian accents. However, on both of those occasions, the accents lasted for only a week.
Myers has been diagnosed with Foreign Accent Syndrome. It’s a disorder in which a person experiences a sudden change to their speech so that they sound like they are speaking in a foreign accent. (10) The condition is most often caused by a stroke or traumatic brain injury. Although people with the syndrome have intelligible speech, their manner of speaking is altered in terms of timing and tongue placement, which may distort their pronunciation. The result is that they may sound foreign when speaking their native language.
It’s not clear whether Myers has experienced a stroke or other brain damage, but she also has a separate medical condition which can result in loose joints, easily bruised skin and other problems. Foreign Accent Syndrome is rare, with only about 60 cases reported within the past century. (11) However, a different American woman reportedly spoke with a Russian accent in 2010 after she fell down the stairs and hit her head.
10. What does the passage say about Foreign Accent Syndrome?
解析：A。录音中间说到，外国口音综合征这种情况通常由中风或脑损伤引起。A选项中a stroke or brain injury在录音中原词复现，因此A项正确。
11、Question 11 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、British.
B、Irish.
C、Russian.
D、Australian.
解析：
Passage One
听力原文
In this week’s edition of special series on Bizarre Medical Conditions, there’s a report of the case of Michelle Myers. (9) Myers is an American woman who woke up one day speaking with a British accent, even though she’s lived in the United States all her life. In 2015, Myers went to bed with a terrible headache. She woke up sounding like someone from England. Her British accent has remained for the past two years. Previously, Myers had woken up speaking in Irish and Australian accents. However, on both of those occasions, the accents lasted for only a week.
Myers has been diagnosed with Foreign Accent Syndrome. It’s a disorder in which a person experiences a sudden change to their speech so that they sound like they are speaking in a foreign accent. (10) The condition is most often caused by a stroke or traumatic brain injury. Although people with the syndrome have intelligible speech, their manner of speaking is altered in terms of timing and tongue placement, which may distort their pronunciation. The result is that they may sound foreign when speaking their native language.
It’s not clear whether Myers has experienced a stroke or other brain damage, but she also has a separate medical condition which can result in loose joints, easily bruised skin and other problems. Foreign Accent Syndrome is rare, with only about 60 cases reported within the past century. (11) However, a different American woman reportedly spoke with a Russian accent in 2010 after she fell down the stairs and hit her head.
11. What accent did another American woman speak with after a head injury?
解析：C。录音最后一句说，另一名美国女子受伤后开始说俄罗斯口音。因为说英国口音的是第一名女子梅耶斯，因此A项排除，C项正确。
12、Question 12 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Water sports.
B、Racing in rivers.
C、Stories about women swimmers.
D、Books about swimming.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
There is something about water that makes it a good metaphor for life. That may be one reason why so many people find relief in swimming when life’s seas get rough. (12) And it goes some way towards explaining why books about swimming, in which people tackle icy lakes, race in rivers, and overcome oceans while reflecting on their lives, have recently become so popular. These books reflect a trend, particularly strong in Britain, where swimming in pools is declining, but more and more folks are opting for open water. “Wild swimming” seems to be especially popular among women. (13) Jenny Landreth recently published a guide to the best swimming spots in London.
Her new book, Swell, interweaves her own story with the history of female pioneers, who accomplished remarkable feats and paved the way for future generations. (14) Notions of modesty restricted women in the Victorian era, but they still swam. A “bathing machine” was rolled down to the seashore so women would not be seen in swimwear. (14) In 1892 The Gentlewoman’s Book of Sport described a woman swimming in a heavy dress, boots, hat, gloves, and carrying an umbrella. Eventually, swimming became freer. Mixed bathing was permitted on British beaches in 1901. Women won the right to swim in public pools, learned to swim properly, created appropriate swimwear, and in time, even competed against men.
(15) The first woman to cross the English Channel was Gertrude Ederle. In 1926, she beat the record by almost two hours and her father rewarded her with a red sports car.
12. What has become so popular recently?
解析：D。录音开头说到，这也间接解释了为什么最近关于游泳的书备受欢迎。D选项Books about swimming原词复现，因此D项正确。B项“在河里比赛”是游泳书籍中的部分描写，以偏概全，故排除。C项内容出现在录音后半段，同样也只是另一本游泳书籍中的内容，故排除。
13、Question 13 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、She succeeded in swimming across the English Channel.
B、She published a guide to London’s best swimming spots.
C、She told her story of adventures to some young swimmers.
D、She wrote a book about the history of swimwear in the UK.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
There is something about water that makes it a good metaphor for life. That may be one reason why so many people find relief in swimming when life’s seas get rough. (12) And it goes some way towards explaining why books about swimming, in which people tackle icy lakes, race in rivers, and overcome oceans while reflecting on their lives, have recently become so popular. These books reflect a trend, particularly strong in Britain, where swimming in pools is declining, but more and more folks are opting for open water. “Wild swimming” seems to be especially popular among women. (13) Jenny Landreth recently published a guide to the best swimming spots in London.
Her new book, Swell, interweaves her own story with the history of female pioneers, who accomplished remarkable feats and paved the way for future generations. (14) Notions of modesty restricted women in the Victorian era, but they still swam. A “bathing machine” was rolled down to the seashore so women would not be seen in swimwear. (14) In 1892 The Gentlewoman’s Book of Sport described a woman swimming in a heavy dress, boots, hat, gloves, and carrying an umbrella. Eventually, swimming became freer. Mixed bathing was permitted on British beaches in 1901. Women won the right to swim in public pools, learned to swim properly, created appropriate swimwear, and in time, even competed against men.
(15) The first woman to cross the English Channel was Gertrude Ederle. In 1926, she beat the record by almost two hours and her father rewarded her with a red sports car.
13. What did Jenny Landreth do recently?
解析：B。录音中间部分说到珍妮·兰德斯最近出版了一本伦敦最佳游泳地点指南。B选项在原文中原词复现，因此B项正确。书中除了描写了伦敦最佳游泳地点，还有女性游泳先驱的故事，但没有提到作者自己是否为其中之一，因此C项排除。
14、Question 14 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、They loved vacationing on the seashore.
B、They had a unique notion of modesty.
C、They were prohibited from swimming.
D、They were fully dressed when swimming.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
There is something about water that makes it a good metaphor for life. That may be one reason why so many people find relief in swimming when life’s seas get rough. (12) And it goes some way towards explaining why books about swimming, in which people tackle icy lakes, race in rivers, and overcome oceans while reflecting on their lives, have recently become so popular. These books reflect a trend, particularly strong in Britain, where swimming in pools is declining, but more and more folks are opting for open water. “Wild swimming” seems to be especially popular among women. (13) Jenny Landreth recently published a guide to the best swimming spots in London.
Her new book, Swell, interweaves her own story with the history of female pioneers, who accomplished remarkable feats and paved the way for future generations. (14) Notions of modesty restricted women in the Victorian era, but they still swam. A “bathing machine” was rolled down to the seashore so women would not be seen in swimwear. (14) In 1892 The Gentlewoman’s Book of Sport described a woman swimming in a heavy dress, boots, hat, gloves, and carrying an umbrella. Eventually, swimming became freer. Mixed bathing was permitted on British beaches in 1901. Women won the right to swim in public pools, learned to swim properly, created appropriate swimwear, and in time, even competed against men.
(15) The first woman to cross the English Channel was Gertrude Ederle. In 1926, she beat the record by almost two hours and her father rewarded her with a red sports car.
14. What do we learn about women in the Victorian era?
解析：D。录音中间说到，女性被保守观念束缚但依然坚持游泳，书中描绘的女性即使穿得很多，但依然坚持游泳。其中fully dressed对应书中对穿着的描写，因此D项正确。
15、Question 15 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、She designed lots of appropriate swimwear for women.
B、She once successfully competed against men in swimming.
C、She was the first woman to swim across the English Channel.
D、She was an advocate of women’s right to swim in public pools.
解析：
Passage Two
听力原文
There is something about water that makes it a good metaphor for life. That may be one reason why so many people find relief in swimming when life’s seas get rough. (12) And it goes some way towards explaining why books about swimming, in which people tackle icy lakes, race in rivers, and overcome oceans while reflecting on their lives, have recently become so popular. These books reflect a trend, particularly strong in Britain, where swimming in pools is declining, but more and more folks are opting for open water. “Wild swimming” seems to be especially popular among women. (13) Jenny Landreth recently published a guide to the best swimming spots in London.
Her new book, Swell, interweaves her own story with the history of female pioneers, who accomplished remarkable feats and paved the way for future generations. (14) Notions of modesty restricted women in the Victorian era, but they still swam. A “bathing machine” was rolled down to the seashore so women would not be seen in swimwear. (14) In 1892 The Gentlewoman’s Book of Sport described a woman swimming in a heavy dress, boots, hat, gloves, and carrying an umbrella. Eventually, swimming became freer. Mixed bathing was permitted on British beaches in 1901. Women won the right to swim in public pools, learned to swim properly, created appropriate swimwear, and in time, even competed against men.
(15) The first woman to cross the English Channel was Gertrude Ederle. In 1926, she beat the record by almost two hours and her father rewarded her with a red sports car.
15. What does the passage say about Gertrude Ederle?
解析：C。录音末尾提及格特鲁德·埃德尔的信息，她是第一名横渡英吉利海峡的女性。C选项在原文中原词复现，因此C项正确。
16、Question 16 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Build a machine that can detect lies.
B、Develop a magnetic brain scanner.
C、Test the credibility of court evidence.
D、Win people’s complete trust in them.
解析：
Recording One
听力原文
Today I’m going to talk about a very special kind of person. Psychologists call them “masters of deception”: those rare individuals with a natural ability to tell with complete confidence, when someone is telling a lie. (16) For decades, researchers and law enforcement agencies have tried to build a machine that will do the same thing. Now, a company in Massachusetts says that by using magnetic brain scans, they can determine with 97% accuracy whether someone is telling the truth. They hope that the technology will be cleared for use in American courts by early next year.
But is this really the ultimate tool for you, the lawyers of tomorrow? (17) You will not find many brain scientists celebrating this breakthrough. The company might be very optimistic, but the ability of their machine to detect deception has not provided credible proof. That’s because the technology has not been properly tested in real world situations. In life, there are different kinds of lies and diverse contexts in which they’re told. These differences may elicit different brain responses. Does their hypothesis behind the test apply in every case? We don’t know the answer, because studies done on how reliable this machine is have not yet been duplicated.
Much more research is badly needed. Whether the technology is eventually deemed reliable enough for the courts will ultimately be decided by the judges. Let’s hope they’re wise enough not to be fooled by a machine that claims to determine truthfulness at the flip of a switch. They should also be skeptical of the growing tendency to try to reduce all human traits and actions to the level of brain activity. Often they do not nap that easily. Moreover, understanding the brain is not the same as understanding the mind: some researchers have suggested that thoughts cannot properly be seen as purely “internal”.
Instead, thoughts make sense only in reference to the individuals’ external world. So while there may be insights to be gained from matching behavior to brain activity, those insights will not necessarily lead to justice in a court of law. Problems surround the use of machines to spot deception, at least until it has been rigorously tested. (18) A high-tech test that can tell when a person is not telling the truth sounds too good to be true. And when something sounds too good to be true, it usually is.
16. What have researchers and law enforcement agencies tried to do?
解析：A。录音开头说到，研究人员和执法机构几十年来一直在试着制造一台同样可以确定人是否说谎的机器。原文do the same thing指代上文tell with complete confidence when someone is telling a lie，与A选项detect lies对应，因此A正确。B项的magnetic brain scanner为马萨诸塞州一家公司的科技，而不是由研究人员和执法机构尝试开发，因此B项排除。
17、Question 17 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、They are optimistic about its potential.
B、They are skeptical of its reliability.
C、They think it is but business promotion.
D、They celebrate it with great enthusiasm.
解析：
Recording One
听力原文
Today I’m going to talk about a very special kind of person. Psychologists call them “masters of deception”: those rare individuals with a natural ability to tell with complete confidence, when someone is telling a lie. (16) For decades, researchers and law enforcement agencies have tried to build a machine that will do the same thing. Now, a company in Massachusetts says that by using magnetic brain scans, they can determine with 97% accuracy whether someone is telling the truth. They hope that the technology will be cleared for use in American courts by early next year.
But is this really the ultimate tool for you, the lawyers of tomorrow? (17) You will not find many brain scientists celebrating this breakthrough. The company might be very optimistic, but the ability of their machine to detect deception has not provided credible proof. That’s because the technology has not been properly tested in real world situations. In life, there are different kinds of lies and diverse contexts in which they’re told. These differences may elicit different brain responses. Does their hypothesis behind the test apply in every case? We don’t know the answer, because studies done on how reliable this machine is have not yet been duplicated.
Much more research is badly needed. Whether the technology is eventually deemed reliable enough for the courts will ultimately be decided by the judges. Let’s hope they’re wise enough not to be fooled by a machine that claims to determine truthfulness at the flip of a switch. They should also be skeptical of the growing tendency to try to reduce all human traits and actions to the level of brain activity. Often they do not nap that easily. Moreover, understanding the brain is not the same as understanding the mind: some researchers have suggested that thoughts cannot properly be seen as purely “internal”.
Instead, thoughts make sense only in reference to the individuals’ external world. So while there may be insights to be gained from matching behavior to brain activity, those insights will not necessarily lead to justice in a court of law. Problems surround the use of machines to spot deception, at least until it has been rigorously tested. (18) A high-tech test that can tell when a person is not telling the truth sounds too good to be true. And when something sounds too good to be true, it usually is.
17. How do many brain scientists respond to the Massachusetts companies’ so-called technological breakthrough?
解析：B。录音中间说到，没多少脑科学家会去庆祝这一突破。该家公司可能非常乐观，但他们的机器侦测谎言的能力尚未得到可信证明。可见脑科学家认为这项技术的可靠度还值得怀疑，因此B项正确。
18、Question 18 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、It is not to be trusted at all.
B、It does not sound economical.
C、It may intrude into people’s privacy.
D、It may lead to overuse in court trials.
解析：
Recording One
听力原文
Today I’m going to talk about a very special kind of person. Psychologists call them “masters of deception”: those rare individuals with a natural ability to tell with complete confidence, when someone is telling a lie. (16) For decades, researchers and law enforcement agencies have tried to build a machine that will do the same thing. Now, a company in Massachusetts says that by using magnetic brain scans, they can determine with 97% accuracy whether someone is telling the truth. They hope that the technology will be cleared for use in American courts by early next year.
But is this really the ultimate tool for you, the lawyers of tomorrow? (17) You will not find many brain scientists celebrating this breakthrough. The company might be very optimistic, but the ability of their machine to detect deception has not provided credible proof. That’s because the technology has not been properly tested in real world situations. In life, there are different kinds of lies and diverse contexts in which they’re told. These differences may elicit different brain responses. Does their hypothesis behind the test apply in every case? We don’t know the answer, because studies done on how reliable this machine is have not yet been duplicated.
Much more research is badly needed. Whether the technology is eventually deemed reliable enough for the courts will ultimately be decided by the judges. Let’s hope they’re wise enough not to be fooled by a machine that claims to determine truthfulness at the flip of a switch. They should also be skeptical of the growing tendency to try to reduce all human traits and actions to the level of brain activity. Often they do not nap that easily. Moreover, understanding the brain is not the same as understanding the mind: some researchers have suggested that thoughts cannot properly be seen as purely “internal”.
Instead, thoughts make sense only in reference to the individuals’ external world. So while there may be insights to be gained from matching behavior to brain activity, those insights will not necessarily lead to justice in a court of law. Problems surround the use of machines to spot deception, at least until it has been rigorously tested. (18) A high-tech test that can tell when a person is not telling the truth sounds too good to be true. And when something sounds too good to be true, it usually is.
18. What does the speaker think of using a high-tech test to determine whether a person is telling the truth?
解析：A。录音最后说，通过高科技测试来告诉别人一个人是否在说谎这件事听起来就显得太美好而不太真实。而当一件事听起来好得令人难以置信时，它通常就是不真实的。也就是说，讲话者倾向于认为用机器测谎本身就是不真实的，not true与not to be trusted表意相同，因此A项正确。
19、Question 19 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Most of its residents speak several languages.
B、Some of its indigenous languages are dying out.
C、Each village there speaks a totally different language.
D、Its languages have interested researchers the world over.
解析：
Recording Two
听力原文
Last week, I attended a research workshop on an island in the South Pacific. Thirty people were present, and all except me came from the island, called Makelua, in the nation of Vanuatu. They live in 16 different communities and speak 16 distinct languages. (19) In many cases, you could stand at the edge of one village and see the outskirts of the next community. Yet the residents of each village speak a completely different language.
According to recent work by my colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, this island, just 100 kilometers long and 20 kilometers wide, is home to speakers of perhaps 40 different indigenous languages. Why so many? We could ask the same question of the entire globe. People don’t speak one universal language, or even a handful. Instead, today, our species collectively speaks over seven thousand distinct languages. And these languages are not spread randomly across the planet. (20) For example, far more languages are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones. The tropical island of New Guinea is home to over 900 languages. Russia, 20 times larger, has 105 indigenous languages. Even within the tropics, language diversity varies widely.
For example, the 250,000 people who live on Vanuatu’s 80 islands speak 110 different languages. But in Bangladesh, a population 600 times greater speaks only 41 languages. How come humans speak so many languages? And why are they so unevenly spread across the planet? As it turns out, we have few clear answers to these fundamental questions about how humanity communicates. Most people can easily brainstorm possible answers to these intriguing questions. They hypothesize that language diversity must be about history, cultural differences, mountains, or oceans dividing populations.
But when our diverse team of researchers from six different disciplines and eight different countries began to review what was known, we were shocked that only a dozen previous studies had been done, including one we ourselves completed on language diversity in the Pacific. These prior efforts all examine the degree to which different environmental, social, and geographic variables correlated with a number of languages found in a given location. (21) The results varied a lot from one study to another, and no clear patterns emerged. The studies also ran up against many methodological challenges, the biggest of which centered on the old statistical saying—correlation does not equal causation.
19. What does the speaker say about the island of Makelua?
解析：C。录音开头表明，站在一座村庄边上可以看到下一个社区的轮廓，但是每个社区的居民说的都是完全不同的语言。在这里community与village涵盖的范围相近，C选项与原文表述一致，因此C项正确。
20、Question 20 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、They are spread randomly across the world.
B、Some are more difficult to learn than others.
C、More are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones.
D、They enrich and impact each other in more ways than one.
解析：
Recording Two
听力原文
Last week, I attended a research workshop on an island in the South Pacific. Thirty people were present, and all except me came from the island, called Makelua, in the nation of Vanuatu. They live in 16 different communities and speak 16 distinct languages. (19) In many cases, you could stand at the edge of one village and see the outskirts of the next community. Yet the residents of each village speak a completely different language.
According to recent work by my colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, this island, just 100 kilometers long and 20 kilometers wide, is home to speakers of perhaps 40 different indigenous languages. Why so many? We could ask the same question of the entire globe. People don’t speak one universal language, or even a handful. Instead, today, our species collectively speaks over seven thousand distinct languages. And these languages are not spread randomly across the planet. (20) For example, far more languages are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones. The tropical island of New Guinea is home to over 900 languages. Russia, 20 times larger, has 105 indigenous languages. Even within the tropics, language diversity varies widely.
For example, the 250,000 people who live on Vanuatu’s 80 islands speak 110 different languages. But in Bangladesh, a population 600 times greater speaks only 41 languages. How come humans speak so many languages? And why are they so unevenly spread across the planet? As it turns out, we have few clear answers to these fundamental questions about how humanity communicates. Most people can easily brainstorm possible answers to these intriguing questions. They hypothesize that language diversity must be about history, cultural differences, mountains, or oceans dividing populations.
But when our diverse team of researchers from six different disciplines and eight different countries began to review what was known, we were shocked that only a dozen previous studies had been done, including one we ourselves completed on language diversity in the Pacific. These prior efforts all examine the degree to which different environmental, social, and geographic variables correlated with a number of languages found in a given location. (21) The results varied a lot from one study to another, and no clear patterns emerged. The studies also ran up against many methodological challenges, the biggest of which centered on the old statistical saying—correlation does not equal causation.
20. What do we learn from the talk about languages in the world?
解析：C。录音中说到，热带地区的语言比温带地区多，C项与原文内容完全一致，因此C项正确。
21、Question 21 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、They used different methods to collect and analyze data.
B、They identified distinct patterns of language distribution.
C、Their conclusions do not correspond to their original hypotheses.
D、There is no conclusive account for the cause of language diversity.
解析：
Recording Two
听力原文
Last week, I attended a research workshop on an island in the South Pacific. Thirty people were present, and all except me came from the island, called Makelua, in the nation of Vanuatu. They live in 16 different communities and speak 16 distinct languages. (19) In many cases, you could stand at the edge of one village and see the outskirts of the next community. Yet the residents of each village speak a completely different language.
According to recent work by my colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, this island, just 100 kilometers long and 20 kilometers wide, is home to speakers of perhaps 40 different indigenous languages. Why so many? We could ask the same question of the entire globe. People don’t speak one universal language, or even a handful. Instead, today, our species collectively speaks over seven thousand distinct languages. And these languages are not spread randomly across the planet. (20) For example, far more languages are found in tropical regions than in the mild zones. The tropical island of New Guinea is home to over 900 languages. Russia, 20 times larger, has 105 indigenous languages. Even within the tropics, language diversity varies widely.
For example, the 250,000 people who live on Vanuatu’s 80 islands speak 110 different languages. But in Bangladesh, a population 600 times greater speaks only 41 languages. How come humans speak so many languages? And why are they so unevenly spread across the planet? As it turns out, we have few clear answers to these fundamental questions about how humanity communicates. Most people can easily brainstorm possible answers to these intriguing questions. They hypothesize that language diversity must be about history, cultural differences, mountains, or oceans dividing populations.
But when our diverse team of researchers from six different disciplines and eight different countries began to review what was known, we were shocked that only a dozen previous studies had been done, including one we ourselves completed on language diversity in the Pacific. These prior efforts all examine the degree to which different environmental, social, and geographic variables correlated with a number of languages found in a given location. (21) The results varied a lot from one study to another, and no clear patterns emerged. The studies also ran up against many methodological challenges, the biggest of which centered on the old statistical saying—correlation does not equal causation.
21. What have the diverse team of researchers found about the previous studies on language diversity?
解析：D。录音结尾关于语言多样性的研究方面提到，这些研究的结果又彼此有很大差异，也没有得出共通的模式。其中no clear pattern emerged与D项中的There is no conclusive account对应，为同义替换，因此D项正确。
22、Question 22 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Its middle class is disappearing.
B、Its wealth is rationally distributed.
C、Its population is rapidly growing.
D、Its cherished dream is coming true.
解析：
Recording Three
听力原文
We often hear people say that America is a land of opportunity, a country built on hope to aspire to greatness on the American dream. But is the dream as we once knew it dying? (22) Today’s demographics show that the middle-class is disappearing and now the richest one percent of the population has amassed more wealth than the bottom ninety percent.
(23) Once upon a time, Americans thought that if they worked hard enough, even in the phase of adversity, they would be rewarded with success. These days though, the divide between rich and poor is greater than it has ever been. The question is: what is it going to take to change things? Maybe one day soon, real change will actually be made in our nation and the gap will be eradicated. But what happens in the meantime? Is there something that we can do to help close the gap? Is there something that we can do to prove that a little compassion goes a long way? If we want to fix the problem of the income gap, first, we have to understand it. It is a grim reality that you can have one person who only makes around 13,000 dollars a year, while across town, another is making millions. For me, it is kind of astonishing.
(24) And if you ask low-income people, what’s the one thing that would change the life, they’ll say “a full-time job”. That’s all they aspire to. So, why is it so difficult for so many people to find employment? It partly comes down to profit-driven business models that are built around low-wage work and part-time jobs that don’t provide benefits. (25) Businesses, in order to boost their profits, hire employees as part-time workers only. This means they are paid the lowest legal wage and receive no health care or other benefits provided to full-time employees.
Simultaneously, technological advancement and a global economy has reduced the demand for well-paying blue-collar jobs here in the United States. The cumulative effect of these two factors is that many Americans are forced to take two or more part-time jobs, just to make ends meet. What has become obvious to me when it comes to the income gap is that there needs to be an opportunity for the people at the bottom to push them back up and push them into the middle-class to give them hope in their lives.
22. What do the surveys show about America, according to the speaker?
解析：A。录音开头即说到人口统计学表明中产阶级正在消失。A项与录音原文一致，为原词复现，因此正确。
23、Question 23 is based on the recordinh you have just heard.
A、Success was but a dream without conscientious spirit.
B、They could realize their dreams through hard work.
C、A few dollars could go a long way.
D、Wealth was shared by all citizens.
解析：
Recording Three
听力原文
We often hear people say that America is a land of opportunity, a country built on hope to aspire to greatness on the American dream. But is the dream as we once knew it dying? (22) Today’s demographics show that the middle-class is disappearing and now the richest one percent of the population has amassed more wealth than the bottom ninety percent.
(23) Once upon a time, Americans thought that if they worked hard enough, even in the phase of adversity, they would be rewarded with success. These days though, the divide between rich and poor is greater than it has ever been. The question is: what is it going to take to change things? Maybe one day soon, real change will actually be made in our nation and the gap will be eradicated. But what happens in the meantime? Is there something that we can do to help close the gap? Is there something that we can do to prove that a little compassion goes a long way? If we want to fix the problem of the income gap, first, we have to understand it. It is a grim reality that you can have one person who only makes around 13,000 dollars a year, while across town, another is making millions. For me, it is kind of astonishing.
(24) And if you ask low-income people, what’s the one thing that would change the life, they’ll say “a full-time job”. That’s all they aspire to. So, why is it so difficult for so many people to find employment? It partly comes down to profit-driven business models that are built around low-wage work and part-time jobs that don’t provide benefits. (25) Businesses, in order to boost their profits, hire employees as part-time workers only. This means they are paid the lowest legal wage and receive no health care or other benefits provided to full-time employees.
Simultaneously, technological advancement and a global economy has reduced the demand for well-paying blue-collar jobs here in the United States. The cumulative effect of these two factors is that many Americans are forced to take two or more part-time jobs, just to make ends meet. What has become obvious to me when it comes to the income gap is that there needs to be an opportunity for the people at the bottom to push them back up and push them into the middle-class to give them hope in their lives.
23. What did Americans use to believe?
解析：B。录音提到，曾经，美国人认为如果他们工作足够努力，即使在逆境中也会赢得成功。其中if they worked hard enough与through hard work对应，they will be rewarded with success与They could realize their dreams对应，因此B正确。
24、Question 24 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Better working conditions.
B、Better-paying jobs.
C、High social status.
D、Full employment.
解析：
Recording Three
听力原文
We often hear people say that America is a land of opportunity, a country built on hope to aspire to greatness on the American dream. But is the dream as we once knew it dying? (22) Today’s demographics show that the middle-class is disappearing and now the richest one percent of the population has amassed more wealth than the bottom ninety percent.
(23) Once upon a time, Americans thought that if they worked hard enough, even in the phase of adversity, they would be rewarded with success. These days though, the divide between rich and poor is greater than it has ever been. The question is: what is it going to take to change things? Maybe one day soon, real change will actually be made in our nation and the gap will be eradicated. But what happens in the meantime? Is there something that we can do to help close the gap? Is there something that we can do to prove that a little compassion goes a long way? If we want to fix the problem of the income gap, first, we have to understand it. It is a grim reality that you can have one person who only makes around 13,000 dollars a year, while across town, another is making millions. For me, it is kind of astonishing.
(24) And if you ask low-income people, what’s the one thing that would change the life, they’ll say “a full-time job”. That’s all they aspire to. So, why is it so difficult for so many people to find employment? It partly comes down to profit-driven business models that are built around low-wage work and part-time jobs that don’t provide benefits. (25) Businesses, in order to boost their profits, hire employees as part-time workers only. This means they are paid the lowest legal wage and receive no health care or other benefits provided to full-time employees.
Simultaneously, technological advancement and a global economy has reduced the demand for well-paying blue-collar jobs here in the United States. The cumulative effect of these two factors is that many Americans are forced to take two or more part-time jobs, just to make ends meet. What has become obvious to me when it comes to the income gap is that there needs to be an opportunity for the people at the bottom to push them back up and push them into the middle-class to give them hope in their lives.
24. What do low-income people aspire to?
解析：D。录音中提到，如果问低收入人群什么可以改变他们的生活，他们会认为是一份全职工作，因此选D项。
25、Question 25 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、 Reduce the administrative costs.
B、Adopt effective business models.
C、Hire part-time employees only.
D、Make use of the latest technology.
解析：
Recording Three
听力原文
We often hear people say that America is a land of opportunity, a country built on hope to aspire to greatness on the American dream. But is the dream as we once knew it dying? (22) Today’s demographics show that the middle-class is disappearing and now the richest one percent of the population has amassed more wealth than the bottom ninety percent.
(23) Once upon a time, Americans thought that if they worked hard enough, even in the phase of adversity, they would be rewarded with success. These days though, the divide between rich and poor is greater than it has ever been. The question is: what is it going to take to change things? Maybe one day soon, real change will actually be made in our nation and the gap will be eradicated. But what happens in the meantime? Is there something that we can do to help close the gap? Is there something that we can do to prove that a little compassion goes a long way? If we want to fix the problem of the income gap, first, we have to understand it. It is a grim reality that you can have one person who only makes around 13,000 dollars a year, while across town, another is making millions. For me, it is kind of astonishing.
(24) And if you ask low-income people, what’s the one thing that would change the life, they’ll say “a full-time job”. That’s all they aspire to. So, why is it so difficult for so many people to find employment? It partly comes down to profit-driven business models that are built around low-wage work and part-time jobs that don’t provide benefits. (25) Businesses, in order to boost their profits, hire employees as part-time workers only. This means they are paid the lowest legal wage and receive no health care or other benefits provided to full-time employees.
Simultaneously, technological advancement and a global economy has reduced the demand for well-paying blue-collar jobs here in the United States. The cumulative effect of these two factors is that many Americans are forced to take two or more part-time jobs, just to make ends meet. What has become obvious to me when it comes to the income gap is that there needs to be an opportunity for the people at the bottom to push them back up and push them into the middle-class to give them hope in their lives.
25. What do businesses do to increase their revenues?
解析：C。录音中间提到，为了扩大利润，商业只会雇用兼职工人。题干中increase their revenues对应录音中boost their profits，C项是对录音中hire employees as part-time workers only的同义转述，故为正确答案。
二、Part III Reading Comprehension
Just off the coast of Southern California sits Santa Cruz Island, where a magical creature called the island fox (26)_____. A decade ago, this island’s ecosystem was in (27)_____. Wild pigs attracted golden eagles from the mainland, and those flying (28)_____ crashed the fox population. So the Nature Conservancy launched a (29)_____ war against the pigs, complete with helicopters and sharp shooters.
And it worked. Today, federal agencies are pulling the island fox from the Endangered Species List. It’s the fastest-ever recovery of a mammal, joining peers like the Louisiana black bear as glowing successes in the history of the Endangered Species Act.
But the recovery of Santa Cruz Island isn’t just about the fox. The Nature Conservancy has (30)_____ war on a multitude of invasive species here, from sheep to plants to the (31)_____ Argentine ant. “Our philosophy with the island has always been, ‘OK, (32)_____ the threats and let the island go back to what it was,’” says ecologist Christina Boser. And it appears to be working. Native plants are coming back, and the fox once again bounds about carefree.
But keeping those foxes from harm will occupy Boser and her colleagues for years to come. You see, humans are still allowed on Santa Cruz Island, and they bring dogs. So Boser has to vaccinate her foxes against various diseases. “We’re obligated to keep a pulse on the population for at least five years after the foxes are delisted,” says Boser. That includes tagging the foxes and (33)_____ their numbers to ensure nothing goes wrong.
This is the story of the little fox that has come back, and the people who have (34)_____ their lives to protecting it. This is the story of wildlife conservation in the age of mass (35)_____.
26、(1)
A、predators
B、chaos
C、configuration
D、underlying
E、aggressive
F、dedicated
G、declared
H、extinction
I、tempt
J、hinders
K、remove
L、mammal
M、monitoring
N、dwells
O、fierce
解析：
名词
chaos 大混乱；紊乱
configuration 构造，结构；布局
extinction 灭绝，绝种
mammal 哺乳动物
predators 捕食性动物
remove 距离；差距；间距
动词
declared 宣布，声明
dedicated 致力于，献身于
dwells 居住；存在；细想
hinders 阻碍，妨碍
monitoring 监视；监测，检测
remove 移走；搬走；清除
tempt 鼓动；诱惑，引诱
underlying 成为……的基础；构成……的原因
形容词
aggressive 好斗的；有进取心的
dedicated 专注的；献身的
fierce 猛烈的；激烈的
underlying 潜在的；根本的
26. dwells
解析：动词辨析题。空格位于where引导的定语从句中，缺少谓语，应填入动词。根据空格前的a magical creature可知，此处应该填入动词第三人称单数形式。备选项中dwells（居住）代入空中，符合题意。句意为：在加利福尼亚南部海岸的圣克鲁斯岛上，住着一种叫做岛屿狐的神奇生物。
27. chaos
解析：名词辨析题。空格处应填入能与in搭配的名词或动名词。从后文对抗野猪以及recovery（恢复）可推断出，岛上的生态系统状况不好。in chaos为固定搭配，意为“混乱”。因此选择chaos。
28. predators
解析：名词辨析题。空格处为句子的主语，被flying修饰，应填入名词。上文提到野猪吸引来了生活在陆地上的金雕。those flying ____为前半句提到的golden eagles（金雕）。predators（捕食性动物）代入文章，符合题意。
29. fierce
解析：形容词辨析题。空格位于a和war之间，应填入形容词，修饰war。根据第一段最后的complete with helicopters and sharp shooters（配备了直升机和狙击手）可知，这场战争非常激烈。fierce（激烈的）代入文章，符合题意。
30. declared
解析：动词辨析题。根据空格前的has可知，空格处应填入动词的过去分词形式，并且能与war搭配。备选项中只有declared（宣布，声明）符合题意。句意为：自然保护协会已向很多岛上的入侵物种宣战。
31. aggressive
解析：形容词辨析题。空格前后为the和Argentine ant，空格处应填入形容词，修饰Argentine ant。根据前半句中的a multitude of invasive species（很多岛上的入侵物种）可知，aggressive（好斗的）符合题意。
32. remove
解析：动词辨析题。____ the threats和let the island go back what it was是并列的祈使句，空格处应与let一致，填入动词的原形。根据上下文语境可知，此处应该是指“铲除威胁”。remove（移除，铲除）符合题意。
33. monitoring
解析：动词辨析题。空格处应填入与tagging并列的动名词。此处大意为，我们有责任在接下来的五年内掌握它们的情况，包括给狐狸戴贴标签，____其数量，以确保一切正常。由此可推断，空格处应是对狐狸数量进行监测。monitoring（监视；监测，检测）符合题意。
34. dedicated
解析：动词辨析题。根据空格前的have可知，空格处应填入动词的过去分词形式。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了人们为小狐狸回归所做出的贡献。dedicated（致力于，献身于）代入空格意为：人们为了保护它们而奉献一生的故事，符合题意。
35. extinction
解析：名词辨析题。空格处位于mass之后，应填入名词。in the age of mass ____意为“处于____的大时代”。extinction（灭绝，绝种）代入原文，符合题意。
27、(2)
A、predators
B、chaos
C、configuration
D、underlying
E、aggressive
F、dedicated
G、declared
H、extinction
I、tempt
J、hinders
K、remove
L、mammal
M、monitoring
N、dwells
O、fierce
解析：见上一题！
28、(3)
A、predators
B、chaos
C、configuration
D、underlying
E、aggressive
F、dedicated
G、declared
H、extinction
I、tempt
J、hinders
K、remove
L、mammal
M、monitoring
N、dwells
O、fierce
解析：见上一题！
29、(4)
A、predators
B、chaos
C、configuration
D、underlying
E、aggressive
F、dedicated
G、declared
H、extinction
I、tempt
J、hinders
K、remove
L、mammal
M、monitoring
N、dwells
O、fierce
解析：见上一题！
30、(5)
A、predators
B、chaos
C、configuration
D、underlying
E、aggressive
F、dedicated
G、declared
H、extinction
I、tempt
J、hinders
K、remove
L、mammal
M、monitoring
N、dwells
O、fierce
解析：见上一题！
31、(6)
A、predators
B、chaos
C、configuration
D、underlying
E、aggressive
F、dedicated
G、declared
H、extinction
I、tempt
J、hinders
K、remove
L、mammal
M、monitoring
N、dwells
O、fierce
解析：见上一题！
32、(7)
A、predators
B、chaos
C、configuration
D、underlying
E、aggressive
F、dedicated
G、declared
H、extinction
I、tempt
J、hinders
K、remove
L、mammal
M、monitoring
N、dwells
O、fierce
解析：见上一题！
33、(8)
A、predators
B、chaos
C、configuration
D、underlying
E、aggressive
F、dedicated
G、declared
H、extinction
I、tempt
J、hinders
K、remove
L、mammal
M、monitoring
N、dwells
O、fierce
解析：见上一题！
34、(9)
A、predators
B、chaos
C、configuration
D、underlying
E、aggressive
F、dedicated
G、declared
H、extinction
I、tempt
J、hinders
K、remove
L、mammal
M、monitoring
N、dwells
O、fierce
解析：见上一题！
35、(10)
A、predators
B、chaos
C、configuration
D、underlying
E、aggressive
F、dedicated
G、declared
H、extinction
I、tempt
J、hinders
K、remove
L、mammal
M、monitoring
N、dwells
O、fierce
解析：见上一题！
Do Parents Invade Children’s Privacy When They Post Photos Online?
【A】 When Katlyn Burbidge’s son was 6 years old, he was performing some ridiculous song and dance typical of a first-grader. But after she snapped a photo and started using her phone, he asked her a serious question: “Are you going to post that online?” She laughed and answered, “Yes, I think I will.” What he said next stopped her. “Can you not?”
【B】 That’s when it dawned on her: She had been posting photos of him online without asking his permission. “We’re big advocates of bodily autonomy and not forcing him to hug or kiss people unless he wants to, but it never occurred to me that I should ask his permission to post photos of him online,” says Burbridge, a mom of two in Wakefield, Massachusetts. “Now when I post a photo of him online, I show him the photo and get his okay.”
【C】 When her 8-month-old is 3 or 4 years old, she plans to start asking him in an age-appropriate way, “Do you want other people to see this?” That’s precisely the approach that two researchers advocated before a room of pediatricians (儿科医生) last week at the American Academy of Pediatrics meeting, when they discussed the 21st century challenge of “sharenting,” a new term for parents’ online sharing about their children. “As advocates of children’s rights, we believe that children should have a voice about what information is shared about them if possible,” says Stacey Steinberg, a legal skills professor at the University of Florida Levin College of Law in Gainesville.
【D】 Whether it’s ensuring that your child isn’t bullied over something you post, that their identity isn’t digitally “kidnapped”, or that their photos don’t end up on a half dozen child pornography (色情) sites, as one Australian mom discovered, parents and pediatricians are increasingly aware of the importance of protecting children’s digital presence. Steinberg and Bahareh Keith, an assistant professor of pediatrics at the University of Florida College of Medicine, say most children will likely never experience problems related to what their parents share, but a tension still exists between parents’ rights to share their experiences and their children’s rights to privacy.
【E】 “We’re in no way trying to silence parents’ voices,” Steinberg says. “At the same time, we recognize that children might have an interest in entering adulthood free to create their own digital footprint.” They cited a study presented earlier this year of 249 pairs of parents and their children in which twice as many children as parents wanted rules on what parents could share. “The parents said, ‘We don’t need rules—we’re fine,’ and the children said, ‘Our parents need rules,’ ” Keith says. “The children wanted autonomy about this issue and were worried about their parents sharing information about them.”
【F】Although the American Academy of Pediatrics offers guidelines recommending that parents model appropriate social media use for their children, it does not explicitly discuss oversharing by parents. “I think this is a very legitimate concern, and I appreciate their drawing our attention to it,” David Hill, a father of five, says. He sees a role for pediatricians to talk with parents about this, but believes the messaging must extend far beyond pediatricians’ offices. “I look forward to seeing researchers expand our understanding of the issue so we can translate it into effective education and policy,” he says.
【G】 There’s been little research on the topic, Steinberg wrote in a law article about this issue. While states could pass laws related to sharing information about children online, Steinberg feels parents themselves are generally best suited to make these decisions for their families. “While we didn’t want to create any unnecessary panic, we did find some concerns that were troublesome, and we thought that parents or at least physicians should be aware of those potential risks,” Steinberg says. They include photos repurposed for inappropriate or illegal means, identity theft, embarrassment, bullying by peers or digital kidnapping.
【H】 But that’s the negative side, with risks that must be balanced against the benefits of sharing. Steinberg pointed out that parental sharing on social media helps build communities, connect spread-out families, provide support and raise awareness around important social issues for which parents might be their children’s only voice.
【I】 A C.S. Mott survey found among the 56 percent of mothers and 34 percent of fathers who discussed parenting on social media, 72 percent of them said sharing made them feel less alone, and nearly as many said sharing helped them worry less and gave them advice from other parents. The most common topics they discussed included kids’ sleep, nutrition, discipline, behavior problems and day care and preschool.
【J】 “There’s this peer-to-peer nature of health care these days with a profound opportunity for parents to learn helpful tips, safety and prevention efforts, pro-vaccine messages and all kinds of other messages from other parents in their social communities,” says Wendy Sue Swanson, a pediatrician and executive director of digital health at Seattle Children’s Hospital, where she blogs about her own parenting journey to help other parents. “They’re getting nurtured by people they’ve already selected that they trust,” she says.
【K】 “How do we weigh the risks, how do we think about the benefits, and how do we alleviate the risks?” she says. “Those are the questions we need to ask ourselves, and everyone can have a different answer.”
【L】 Some parents find the best route for them is not to share at all. Bridget O’Hanlon and her husband, who live in Cleveland, decided before their daughter was born that they would not post her photos online. When a few family members did post pictures, O’Hanlon and her husband made their wishes clear. “It’s been hard not to share pictures of her because people always want to know how babies and toddlers (学走路的孩子) are doing and to see pictures, but we made the decision to have social media while she did not,” O’Hanlon said. Similarly, Alison Jamison of New York decided with her husband that their child had a right to their own online identity. They did use an invitation-only photo sharing platform so that friends and family, including those far away, could see the photos, but they stood firm, simply refusing to put their children’s photos on other social media platforms.
【M】 “For most families, it’s a journey. Sometimes it goes wrong, but most of the time it doesn’t,” says Swanson, who recommends starting to ask children permission to post narratives or photos around ages 6 to 8. “We’ll learn more and more what our tolerance is. We can ask our kids to help us learn as a society what’s okay and what’s not.”
【N】 Indeed, that learning process goes both ways. Bria Dunham, a mother in Somerville, Massachusetts, was so excited to watch a moment of brotherly bonding while her first-grader and baby took a bath together that she snapped a few photos. But when she considered posting them online, she took the perspective of her son: How would he feel if his classmates’ parents saw photos of him chest-up in the bathtub? “It made me think about how I’m teaching him to have ownership of his own body and how what is shared today endures into the future,” Dunham says, “So I kept the pictures to myself and accepted this as one more step in supporting his increasing autonomy.”
36、36. Steinberg argued parental sharing online can be beneficial.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
M、M
N、N
解析：36. 【译文】施泰因伯格认为，家长在网上的分享可以是有益的。
