一、Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1、Question1 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、The restructuring of her company.
B、The man’ s switch to a new career.
C、The updating of technology at CucinTech.
D、The project the man managed at CucinTech.
解析：
原文：
W: (1-1)So Mike, you managed the innovation project at CucinTech.
M: I did indeed.
W: (1-2)Well then, first, congratulations! It seems to have been very successful.
M: Thanks, yes. I really helped things turn around at CucinTech.
W: (2-1)Was the revival in their fortunes entirely due to strategic innovation?
M: Yes, yes.(2-2)I think it was. CucinTech was a company who were very much following the pack, doing what everyone else was doing, and getting rapidly left behind. I could see there was a lot of talent there, and some great potential—particularly in their product development. I just have to harness that somehow.
W: Was innovation at the core of the project?
M: Absolutely. If it doesn't sound like too much of a cliché, our world is constantly changing, and it's changing quickly. (3)We need to be innovating constantly to keep up with this. Stand still, and you're lost.
W: No stopping to sniff the roses?
M: Well, I'll do that in my personal life, sure. But as a business strategy, I'm afraid there's no stopping.
W: What exactly is strategic innovation then?
M: Strategic innovation is the process of managing innovation, of making sure it takes place at all levels of the company, and that it's related to the company's overall strategy.
W: I see.
M: So, instead of innovation for innovation's sake and new products being created simply because the technology is there, the company culture must switch from these point-in-time innovations to a continuous pipeline of innovations from everywhere and everyone.
W: How did you align strategies throughout the company?
M: I soon became aware that campaigning is useless. People take no notice. Simply it came about through good practice trickling down. This built consent—people could see it was the best way to work.
W: Does innovation on this scale really give a competitive advantage?
M: I am certain of it. Absolutely. Especially if it's difficult for a competitor to copy. (4)The risk is, of course, that innovation may frequently lead to imitation.
W: But not if it’s strategic?
M: Precisely!
W: Thanks for talking to us.
M: Sure.
解析：
1. What seems to have been very successful according to the woman speaker?
D。从四个选项中company, career, technology和project可以看出题目应该是和工作相关。对话开头，女士就向男士确认他负责了CucinTech的一个创新项目，得到男士确认后，女士接着表示祝贺，并说项目似乎很成功，故D选项“男士在CucinTech负责的项目”正确。
A选项“女士所在公司的重组”和B选项“男士转换到新事业”在对话中没有提及，排除；
C选项“CucinTech的技术革新”是干扰项，但创新知识项目成功的关键，对话中没有说技术革新很成功。
2、Question 2 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Talented personnel.
B、Effective promotion.
C、Strategic innovation.
D、Competitive products.
解析：
2. What did the company lack before the man's scheme was implemented?
解析：C。四个选项均为公司经营的要素，由此可以看出题目涉及公司经营。对话中女士问道：CucinTech的再次崛起是否完全归功于战略创新，男士给予肯定回答，并提出CucinTech以前只是随大流，重复别人做法，很容易落伍。由此可见CucinTech以前是缺乏战略创新的，故C选项正确。男士还表示公司有很多人才，故A选项“人才”与对话信息不符，排除；B选项“有效的促销手段”和D选项“具有竞争力的产品”在对话中没有提及，排除。
3、Question 3 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Innovate constantly.
B、Expand the market.
C、Recruit more talents.
D、Watch out for his competitors.
解析：
3. What does the man say he should do in his business?
解析：A。四个选项都是公司发展的手段和方法，推测题目与公司发展的举措相关。在对话中，女士询问创新是否是项目的核心，男士作出肯定回答，并指出，“必须不断创新以跟上时代步伐。停滞不前等于落后”。可见男士会不断创新，故A选项正确。B选项“扩大市场”、C选项“招聘更多人才”和D选项“留心竞争对手”均未提及。
4、Question 4 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Possible bankruptcy.
B、Unforeseen difficulties.
C、Imitation by one’ s competitors.
D、Conflicts within the company.
解析：
4. What does the man say is the risk of innovation?
解析：C。四个选项均为困难或者潜在危险，推测题目与危险或者困境有关。对话最后，男士表示，创新的危险在于很容易被模仿。故C选项“竞争对手的模仿”正确。A选项“破产的可能”、B选项“不可预见的困难”和D选项“与其他公司的斗争”均未提及。
5、Question 5 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、The importance of language proficiency.
B、The job of an interpreter.
C、The stress felt by professionals.
D、The best way to effective communication.
解析：
原文：
Conversation Two
M: Today my guest is Dana Ivanovich who has worked for the last twenty years as an interpreter. Dana, welcome.
W: Thank you.
M: Now I'd like to begin by saying that I have on occasions used an interpreter myself, as a foreign correspondent, (6)so I am full of admiration for what you do. But I think your profession is sometimes underrated, and many people think anyone who speaks more than one language can do it.
W: (7)There aren't any interpreters I know who don't have professional qualifications and training. You only really get proficient after many years in the job.
M: And am I right in saying you can divide what you do into two distinct methods, simultaneous and consecutive interpreting?
W: That's right. The techniques you use are different, and a lot of interpreters will say one is easier than the other, less stressful.
M: Simultaneous interpreting, putting someone's words into another language more or less as they speak, sounds to me like the more difficult.
W: Well, actually no, (8)most people in the business would agree that consecutive interpreting is the more stressful. You have to wait for the speaker to deliver quite a chunk of language, before you then put it into the second language, which puts your short term memory under intense stress.
M: You make notes, I presume.
W: Absolutely, anything like numbers, names, places, have to be noted down, but the rest is never translated word for word. You have to find a way of summarising it so that the message is there. Turning every single word into the target language would put too much strain on the interpreter and slow down the whole process too much.
M: But with simultaneous interpreting, you start translating almost as soon as the other person starts speaking. You must have some preparation beforehand.
W: Well, hopefully the speakers will let you have an outline of the topic a day or two in advance. You have a little time to do research, prepare technical expressions and so on.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
解析：B。四个选项均为概括性名词短语，推测题目可能与对话主题相关。对话一开始，男士介绍了口译嘉宾，接着两人就口译工作展开了讨论。故B项“一位口译者的工作”正确。A选项“语言熟练程度的重要性”不能全面概括对话主题；C选项“专业人士感受到的压力”属于过度扩展，对话中只提及了口译者的压力且只是对话的一方面，故排除；D选项“有效沟通的最佳方式”与对话内容不相关，排除。
6、Question 6 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、Admirable.
B、Promising.
C、Meaningful.
D、Rewarding.
解析：
6. What does the man think of Dana's profession?
解析：A。四个选项都是表示感受的形容词，推测题目与态度或看法相关。对话中男士表示对女士工作充满钦佩，A选项admirable是对原文admiration的词性转化。B选项“有希望的”、C选项“有意义的”和D选项“值得的”均未提及。
7、Question 7 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、They have all passed language proficiency tests.
B、They have all studied cross-cultural differences.
C、They all have a strong interest in language.
D、They all have professional qualifications.
解析：
7. What does Dana say about the interpreters she knows?
解析：D。 四个选项主语均为They，都是与能力相关的细节信息。对话中Dana表示她所认识的口译工作者都取得了专业资，经过专业训练。D选项“他们都具有专业资质”是对对话信息的复现。故D选项正确。A选项“他们都通过了语言能力测试”、B选项“他们都学习过跨文化差异”和C选项“他们都对语言有强烈兴趣”均未在对话中提及。
8、Question 8 is based on the conversation you have just heard.
A、It puts one’s long-term memory under more stress.
B、It is more stressful than simultaneous interpreting.
C、It attaches more importance to accuracy.
D、It requires a much larger vocabulary.
解析：
8. What do most interpreters think of consecutive interpreting?
解析：B。四个选项都有比较级，听音时注意stress, accuracy和vocabulary方面的对比信息。对话中，女士表示大多数口译者都认为交替传译比同声传译更有压力。B选项“它比同声传译更有压力”与对话信息相符，正确。A选项“它考验人在更大压力下的长时记忆”与原文信息相反，排除；C选项“它更看重准确性”和D选项“它要求更大词汇量”均未提及。
9、Question 9 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、It might increase mothers’ mental distress.
B、It might increase the risk of infants’ death.
C、It might affect mothers’ health.
D、It might disturb infants’ sleep.
解析：
原文：
(9)Mothers have been warned for years that sleeping with their newborn infant is a bad idea because it increases the risk that the baby might die unexpectedly during the night. (10)But now Israeli researchers are reporting that even sleeping in the same room can have negative consequences, not for the child, but for the mother. Mothers who slept in the same room as their infants, whether in the same bed or just the same room, had poorer sleep than mothers whose babies slept elsewhere in the house: They woke up more frequently, were awake approximately 20 minutes longer per night, and had shorter periods of uninterrupted sleep. These results held true even taking into account that many of the women in the study were breast-feeding their babies. Infants, on the other hand, didn't appear to have worse sleep whether they slept in the same or different room from their mothers. The researchers acknowledge that since the families they studied were all middle-class Israelis, it's possible the results would be different in different cultures. Lead author Liat Tikotzky wrote in an email that the research team also didn't measure fathers' sleep, so it’s possible that their sleep patterns could also be causing the sleep disruptions for moms. Right now, (11)to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that mothers not sleep in the same bed as their babies, but sleep in the same room. The Israeli study suggests that doing so may be best for baby, but may take a toll on Mom.
9. What is the long-held view about mothers sleeping with newborn babies?
解析：B。四个选项都与it的影响有关，从mother, infant可以推测题目询问某事对妈妈或婴儿的影响。录音一开始就指出：妈妈和新生儿睡在一起不好，因为这会增加婴儿夜间意外死亡的风险。B选项“会增加婴儿死亡的风险”与录音信息一致，故正确。A选项“可能会使妈妈精神苦闷”并未提及；C选项“可能影响妈妈的健康”是最新发现，不是长期的观点；录音中说婴儿的睡眠并不会受到影响，而且这是最新研究，不是长期观点，故排除D选项“会妨碍婴儿睡眠”。
10、Question 10 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Mothers who sleep with their babies need a little more sleep each night.
B、Sleeping patterns of mothers greatly affect their newborn babies’ health.
C、Sleeping with infants in the same room has a negative impact on mothers.
D、Mothers who breast-feed their babies have a harder time falling asleep.
解析：
10. What do Israeli researchers' findings show?
解析：C。四个选项都是与妈妈或者婴儿的睡眠相关，推测题目是关于睡眠和妈妈或婴儿的关系。录音一开始指出妈妈和婴儿睡一起不好的固有观点，接着指出以色列研究者的最新发现：即使睡在一个房间也会负面影响，不是对婴儿，而是对妈妈。C选项“和婴儿睡在同一个房间对妈妈有负面影响”为正确答案。A选项“与婴儿睡在一起的妈妈需要更多睡眠”属于过度推断；B选项“妈妈的睡眠模式极大地影响新生儿的健康”和D选项“母乳喂养的妈妈更难入睡”均未提及。
11、Question 11 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、Take precautions to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome.
B、Sleep in the same house but not in the same room as their babies.
C、Sleep in the same room but not in the same bed as their babies.
D、Change their sleep patterns to adapt to their newborn babies.
解析：
11. What does the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend mothers do?
解析：C。四个选项都是措施和行为相关，推测题目可能和行为相关。录音最后，American Academy of Pediatrics建议妈妈们不要和婴儿同床睡，但是可以睡在一个房间。故C选项“和宝宝睡在相同房间但不同床”为正确选项。A选项“采取预防措施以减少婴儿猝死的风险”属于过度推断；B选项“和宝宝睡在一个房子但不同房间”和D选项“改变睡眠模式以适应新生宝宝”均未提及。
12、Question 12 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、More money is needed to record the native languages in the US.
B、The efforts to preserve Indian languages have proved fruitless.
C、The US ranks first in the number of endangered languages.
D、A lot of native languages have already died out in the US.
解析：
原文：
(12)The US has already lost more than a third of the native languages that existed before European colonization and the remaining 192 are classed by the UNESCO as ranging between unsafe and extinct. "We need more funding and more effort to return these languages to everyday use," says Fred Nahwooksy of the National museum of the American Indian, "we are making progress, (13)but money needs to be spent on revitalizing languages, not just documenting them." Some 40 languages mainly in California and Oklahoma where thousands of Indians were forced to relocate in the 19th century have fewer than 10 native speakers. Part of the issue is that tribal groups themselves don't always believe their languages are endangered until they are down to the last handful of speakers. "But progress is being made through immersion schools, because if you teach children when they are young, it will stay with them as adults and that's the future." says Mr Nahwooksy, a Comanche Indian. Such schools have become a model in Hawaii, but the islanders' local language is still classed by the UNESCO as critically endangered because only 1,000 people speak it. (14)The decline in the American Indian languages has historical roots: In the mid-19th century, the US government adopted a policy of Americanizing Indian children by removing them from their homes and culture. Within a few generations most had forgotten their native tongues. (15)Another challenge to language survival is television. It has brought English into homes, and pushed out traditional storytelling and family time together, accelerating the extinction of native languages.
12. What do we learn from the report?
解析：D。四个选项与美国语言的濒危，保护相关，推测题目可能与美国本土语言的困境相关。录音一开始就指出美国已经丢失了超过三分之一的本土语言，现存的192种语言也濒临灭绝。故D选项“美国很多本土语言已经灭绝”为正确选项。A选项“需要更多的钱来记录美国本土语言”属于片面信息，录音中说需要更多的钱来复活语言，而不仅仅是记录语言。故排除；B选项“保护印第安语的努力被证明徒劳的”与原文信息“progress is being made”相悖，排除；C选项“美国濒危语言数量最多”属于过度推断，排除。
13、Question 13 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、To set up more language schools.
B、To educate native American children.
C、To revitalise America’s native languages.
D、To document endangered languages.
解析：
13. For what purpose does Fred Nahwooksy appeal for more funding?
解析：C。四个选项均为不定式，问题应该与行动或者目的相关。录音中Fred说更多的钱应该用在复活语言，而不仅仅是记录语言上。故C选项“复兴美国本土语言”为正确答案。A选项“开设更多语言学校”、B选项“教育美国土著孩子”和D选项“记录濒危语言”都是拯救濒危语言的途径，不是目的，故排除。
14、Question 14 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、The US government’s policy of Americanising Indian children.
B、The failure of American Indian languages to gain an official status.
C、The long-time isolation of American Indians from the outside world.
D、The US government’s unwillingness to spend money educating Indians.
解析：
14. What is the historical cause of the decline in the American Indian Languages?
解析：A。四个选项都是美国政府和印第安人的关系，且均为专有名词，听音时注意这些细节信息。录音中指出印第安语言的衰落有其历史根源：19世纪中期，美国政府采取了美国化印第安儿童的政策，将印第安孩子与其家园和文化隔离开来。A选项是对录音信息的复现，为正确答案。B选项“美国印第安语没有取得官方地位”、C选项“印第安人长期与外界隔绝”和D选项“美国政府不愿花钱教育印第安人”均未提及，故排除。
15、Question 15 is based on the passage you have just heard.
A、It is widely used in language immersion schools.
B、It speeds up the extinction of native languages.
C、It is being utilised to teach native languages.
D、It tells traditional stories during family time.
解析：
15. What does the speaker say about television?
解析：B。四个选项都与it和language相关，推测题目是问某事和本土语言的关系。录音最后指出电视讲英语带入家庭，挤掉了传统的讲故事和家庭谈话时间，加速了本土语言的灭绝。B选项中speed up是对accelerate的同义替换，故B选项为正确答案。A选项“被广泛应用于浸润式语言学校”、C选项“被用来教授本土语言”和D选项“在家庭聚会时间讲传统故事”均不符合录音信息，故排除。
16、Question 16 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、It provides them with the basic necessities of everyday life.
B、It pays their living expenses until they find employment again.
C、It covers their mortgage payments and medical expenses for 99 weeks.
D、It pays them up to half of their previous wages while they look for work.
解析：
原文：
W: Grag Rosen lost his job as a sales manager nearly three years ago, and is still unemployed.
M: It literally is like something in a dream to remember what is like to actually be able to go out and put in a day's work and receive a day's pay.
W: At first, Rosen bought groceries and made house payments with the help from unemployment insurance.(16)It pays laid-off workers up to half of their previous wages while they look for work. But now that insurance has run out for him and he has to make tough choices. He's cut back on medications and he no longer helps support his disabled mother. It is devastating experience. New research says the US recession is now over. But many people remain unemployed and unemployed workers face difficult odds. There is literally only one job opening for every five unemployed workers. So four out of five unemployed workers have actually no chance of finding a new job. Businesses have downsized or shut down across America, leaving fewer job opportunities for those in search of work. Experts who monitor unemployment statistics here in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, say about 28,000 people are unemployed, and many of them are jobless due to no fault of their own. That's where the Bucks County CareerLink comes in. (17)Local director Elizabeth Walsh says they provide training and guidance to help unemployed workers find local job opportunities. "So here's the job opening, here's the job seeker, match them together under one roof," she says. But the lack of work opportunities in Bucks County limits how much she can help. Rosen says he hopes Congress will take action. This month he launched the 99ers Union, an umbrella organization of 18 Internet-based grassroots groups of 99ers. Their goal is to convince lawmakers to extend unemployment benefits. But Pennsylvania State Representative Scott Petri says governments simply do not have enough money to extend unemployment insurance. (18)He thinks the best way to help the long-term unemployed is to allow private citizens to invest in local companies that can create more jobs. But the boost in investor confidence needed for the plan to work will take time. Time that Rosen says still requires him to buy food and make monthly mortgage payments. Rosen says he'll use the last of his savings to try to hang onto the home he worked for more than 20 years to buy. But once that money is gone, he says he doesn't know what he'll do.
16. How does unemployment insurance help the unemployed?
解析：D。四个选项都与it，工作，花费，支付有关，推测题目是it与生活工作的关系。D选项是对录音信息的复现，故为正确答案。A选项“它向他们提供生活必需品”和；C选项“它给他们支付99周的抵押贷款和医药费”并未提及，故排除；B选项“它支付他们的生活费直到他们再次找到工作”与原文信息不符，录音中Rosen仍在失业中，而失业保险中断了对他的救助，故排除。
17、Question 17 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Convincing local lawmakers to extend unemployment benefits.
B、Creating jobs for the huge army of unemployed workers.
C、Providing training and guidance for unemployed workers.
D、Raising funds to help those having no unemployment insurance.
解析：
17. What is local director Elizabeth Walsh of the Bucks County CareerLink doing?
解析：C。四个选项都是帮助失业人员的措施，推测题目可能与对失业人员的帮助有关。录音中间部分Elizabeth Walsh 表示，他们提供培训和指导以帮助失业者寻找当地的就业机会。C选项是对原文的复现，为正确答案。A选项“说服当地立法者延长失业救济”、B选项“为庞大的失业群体创造就业机会”和D选项“筹集自己帮助没有失业保险的人”均不是Elizabeth Walsh的行为，故排除。
18、Question 18 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、To encourage big businesses to hire back workers with government subsidies.
B、To create more jobs by encouraging private investments in local companies.
C、To allow them to postpone their monthly mortgage payments.
D、To offer them loans they need to start their own businesses.
解析：
18. What does Pennsylvania State Representative Scott Petri say is the best way to help the long-term unemployed?
解析：B。四个选项均为不定式，推测题目与目的或行为相关。录音中指出，Scott Petri认为最好的办法是允许普通公民投资当地公司，以创造更多就业岗位。故B选项“鼓励私人投资当地公司以创造更多就业机会”为正确答案。A选项“以政府补助的方式鼓励大企业重新雇回工人”、C选项“允许他们延迟偿还每月的抵押贷款”和D选项“提供贷款给他们自主创业”均未提及，故排除。
19、Question 19 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、They investigated the ice.
B、They analyzed the water content.
C、They explored the ocean floor.
D、They measured the depths of sea water.
解析：
原文：
W: (19)Earlier this year, British explorer Pen Huddle and his team trekked for three months across the frozen Arctic Ocean, taking measurements and recording observations about the ice.
M: Well we'd been led to believe that we would encounter a good proportion of this older, thicker, technically multi-year ice that's been around for a few years and just gets thicker and thicker. We actually found there wasn't any multi-year ice at all.
W: Satellite observations and submarine surveys over the past few years had shown less ice in the polar region, (20)but the recent measurements show the loss is more pronounced than previously thought.
M: We're looking at roughly 80 percent loss of ice cover on the Arctic Ocean in 10 years, roughly 10 years, and 100 percent loss in nearly 20 years.
W: (21)Cambridge scientist Peter Wadhams, who's been measuring and monitoring the Arctic since 1971, says the decline is irreversible.
M: The more you lose, the more open water is created, the more warming goes on in that open water during the summer, the less ice forms in winter, the more melt there is the following summer. It becomes a breakdown process where everything ends up accelerating until it's all gone.
W: Martin Sommerkorn runs the Arctic program for the environmental charity the World Wildlife Fund.
M: The Arctic sea ice holds a central position in the Earth's climate system and it's deteriorating faster than expected. Actually it has to translate into more urgency to deal with the climate change problem and reduce emissions.
W: Summerkorn says a plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions blamed for global warming needs to come out of the Copenhagen Climate Change Summit in December.
M: We have to basically achieve there the commitment to deal with the problem now. That's the minimum. We have to do that equitably and we have to find a commitment that is quick.
W: Wadhams echoes the need for urgency.
M: The carbon that we've put into the atmosphere keeps having a warming effect for 100 years. So we have to cut back rapidly now, because it will take a long time to work its way through into a response by the atmosphere. We can't switch off global warming just by being good in the future, we have to start being good now.
W: (22)Wadhams says there is no easy technological fix to climate change. He and other scientists say there are basically two options to replacing fossil fuels, generating energy with renewables, or embracing nuclear power.
19. What did Pen Huddle and his team do in the Arctic Ocean?
解析：A。四个选项都是they的行为，推测题目是问他们干了什么。对话一开始男士就指出，Pen Huddle和他的团队在北冰洋跋涉3个月，对冰进行了测量和观测记录。故A选项“他们对冰进行了调查”为正确选项。B选项“他们分析了水含量”、C选项“他们探测了海底”和D选项“他们测量了海水深度”均不是其行为，故排除。
20、Question 20 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、The ice decrease is more evident than previously thought.
B、The ice ensures the survival of many endangered species.
C、Most of the ice was accumulated over the past centuries.
D、Eighty percent of the ice disappears in summer time.
解析：
20. What does the report say about the Arctic region?
解析：A。四个选项都与冰的减少、成因和消失有关，推测题目是和冰的发展有关。对话中女士指出最近的测量显示，极地冰的减少比先前想象的更明显。A选项中decrease和evident分别是对录音中loss和pronounced的同义替换，故为正确答案。B选项“冰确保许多濒危物种的存活”和C选项“大部分冰是在过去的几个世纪积累而成的”并未提及；对话中说大概会在10年内减少80%的冰，D选项“80%的冰在夏季消失”与对话信息不符，排除。
21、Question 21 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、The melting Arctic ice has drowned many coastal cities.
B、Arctic ice is a major source of the world’s flesh water.
C、Arctic ice is essential to human survival.
D、The decline of Arctic ice is irreversible.
解析：
21 What does Cambridge scientist Peter Wadhams say in his study?
解析：D。对话中女士指出，Peter Wadhams认为北极冰的减少不可逆转，D选项是对录音内容的复现，为正确答案。A选项“融化的北极冰已经淹没了很多沿海城市”、B选项“北极冰是世界淡水的主要来源”和C选项“北极冰对人类生存至关重要”均未提及，排除。
22、Question 22 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、There is no easy technological solution to it.
B、It will advance nuclear technology.
C、There is no easy way to understand it.
D、It will do a lot of harm to mankind.
解析：
22 How does Peter Wadhams view climate change?
解析：A。对话最后，女士指出，Wadhams认为，不能通过简单是技术说短解决气候变化。A选项中solution是对fix的同义替换，使用了it指代climate change，为正确选项。B选项“它将推动和技术进步”属于过度推断，对话中只是说核技术将会是解决气候变化的方法之一，故排除；C选项“理解它很不容易”和D选项“它将会给人类造成巨大伤害”并未提及，排除。
23、Question 23 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、The deciding factor in children’s academic performance.
B、The health problems of children raised by a single parent.
C、The relation between children’s self-control and their future success.
D、The reason why New Zealand children seem to have better self-control.
解析：
原文：
M: From a very early age, some children exhibit better self-control than others. (23)Now, a new study that began with about 1,000 children in New Zealand has tracked how a child's low self-control can predict poor health, money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years. Researchers have been studying this group of children for decades now. Some of their earliest observations have to do with the level of self-control the youngsters displayed. Parents, teachers, even the kids themselves, scored the youngsters on measures like "acting before thinking" and "persistence in reaching goals." The children of the study are now adults in their 30s. Terrie Moffitt of Duke University and her research colleagues found that kids with self-control issues tended to grow up to become adults with a far more troubling set of issues to deal with.
W: The children who had the lowest self-control when they were aged 3 to 10, later on had the most health problems in their 30s, and they had the worst financial situation. And they were more likely to have a criminal record and to be raising a child as a single parent on a very low income.
M: Speaking from New Zealand via skype, Moffitt explained that self-control problems were widely observed, and weren't just a feature of a small group of misbehaving kids.
W: Even the children who had above-average self-control as pre-schoolers, could have benefited from more self-control training. They could have improved their financial situation and their physical and mental health situation 30 years later.
M: So, children with minor self-control problems were likely as adults to have minor health problems, and so on. Moffitt said it's still unclear why some children have better self-control than others, though she says other researchers have found that it's mostly a learned behavior, with relatively little genetic influence. But good self-control can be set to run in families in that children who have good self-control are more likely to grow up to be healthy and prosperous parents.
W: Whereas some of the low-self-control study members are more likely to be single parent with a very low income and the parent is in poor health and likely to be a heavy substance abuser. So that's not a good atmosphere for a child. (24)So it looks as though self-control is something that in one generation can disadvantage the next generation.
M: (25)But the good news is that Moffitt says self-control can be taught by parents and through school curricula that have proved to be effective. Terrie Moffitt's paper on the link between childhood self-control and adult status decades later is published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
23 What is the new study about?
解析：C四个选项均为概括性名词短语，推测题目可能和主题相关。需要根据整体对话进行概括。对话一开始引入新西兰的一项研究，该研究探究了孩子自制力差是如何预示其成年后健康状况差、经济拮据甚至犯罪的，之后的对话对研究方法和结果进行了详细阐述。故C选项“孩子自制力和其未来成功之间的关系”为正确答案。A选项“孩子学习成绩的决定性因素”、B选项“单亲家庭长大的孩子的健康问题”、D选项“新西兰孩子自制力强的原因”均不是该研究的内容，排除。
24、Question 24 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Those with a criminal record mostly come from single parent families.
B、Children raised by single parents will have a hard time in their thirties.
C、Parents must learn to exercise self-control in front of their children.
D、Lack of self-control in parents is a disadvantage for their children.
解析：
24 What does the study seem to show?
解析：D。对话中女士指出，似乎上一代的自制力差会给下一代带来不利影响，故D选项“父母缺乏自制力会对他们的孩子不利”为正确答案。A选项“有犯罪前科的人大多来自单亲家庭”、B选项“单亲家庭长大的孩子在30岁时会经历困难期”和C选项“父母必须在孩子面前有自制力”均为提及，排除。
25、Question 25 is based on the recording you have just heard.
A、Self-control problems will diminish as one grows up.
B、Self-control can be improved through education.
C、Self-control can improve one’s financial situation.
D、Self-control problems may be detected early in children.
解析：
25 What does Moffitt say is the good news from their study?
解析：B。四个选项可以看出题目是与自制力问题的发现、改善和减少有关。对话最后男士指出，Moffitt带来的好消息是：父母或学校教育可以帮助孩子培养自制力，这种方法被证明很有效。故B选项“通过教育可以提高自制力”为正确答案。A选项“自制力问题会随着成长消失”和D选项“自制力问题在孩子小的时候就可以发现”均未提及，排除；C选项“自制力可以改善经济状况”属于过度推断，研究只是表明自制力差会造成成年后经济拮据，并未表明自制力可以改善经济状况。
二、Part III Reading Comprehension
Let’s say you love roller-skating. Just the thought of (26)_____ on your roller-skates brings a smile to your face. You also know that roller-skating is excellent exercise. You have a (27)_____ attitude toward it.
This description of roller-skating (28)_____ the three components of an attitude: affect, cognition, and behavior. You love the activity; it’s great fun. These feelings (29)_____ the affective or emotional component; they are an important ingredient in attitudes. The knowledge we have about the object constitutes the cognitive component of an attitude. You understand the health (30)_____ that the activity can bring. Finally, attitudes have a behavioral component. Our attitudes (31)_____ us to go outside to enjoy roller-skating.
Now, we don’t want to leave you with the (32)_____ that these three components always work together (33)_____. They don’t: sometimes they clash. For example, let’s say you love pizza (affective component); however, you have high cholesterol and understand (knowledge component) that eating pizza may be bad for your health. Which behavior will your attitude result in, eating pizza or (34)_____ it? The answer depends off which component happens to be stronger. If you are walking past a pizza restaurant at lunchtime. Your emotions and feelings probably will be stronger than your knowledge that pizza may not be the best food for your health. In that instance, you have pizza for lunch. If you are at home trying to decide where to go for dinner, however, the knowledge component may (35)_____, and you decide to go where you can eat a healthier meal.
26、(1)
A、typical
B、avoiding
C、illustrates
D、prompt
E、strapping
F、perfectly
G、impression
H、improves
I、benefits
J、primarily
K、positive
L、prevail
M、specifications
N、inquiring
O、highlight
解析：
名词：benefits（利益，益处）, impression（印象）, specifications（说明书）
动词：benefits（对……有益）, highlight（强调）, illustrates（说明）, improves（改善，提高）, prevail（流行，获胜）, prompt（促进）
形容词：inquiring（爱追究的）, positive（积极的）, prompt（迅速的，立刻的）, typical（典型的）, strapping（魁梧的）
副词：perfectly（完美地）, primarily（首先，主要地）
非谓语：avoiding（避免）, inquiring（询问）, strapping（捆绑，约束）
26. strapping 此处应该填入动名词作介词of的宾语，与后面的介词on搭配。avoiding与inquiring均不与on连用， strap on shoes表示系上鞋带，故填入strapping。
27. positive 此处应该填入形容词修饰attitude。结合前文：你喜欢溜旱冰，也知道溜旱冰是很好的运动，故你的态度应该是积极的，故此处填入positive。
28. illustrates 此处应该填入动词第三人称单数作谓语，结合句意：对溜旱冰的描述____了态度的三个组成部分。benefits和improves均不符合句意，故填入illustrates。
29. highlight 此处应该填入动词原形作谓语。由于空后有宾语，需填入及物动词，prevail为不及物动词，排除；prompt在语义上不合逻辑，故只能填入highlight。
30. benefits 此处应该填入名词作定语从句的先行词。这里在说cognitive component of an attitude,对应前文例子中的You also know that roller-skating is excellent exercise，可见应该是可以带来健康方面的好处，故填入benefits。
31. prompt 此处应该填入动词原形作谓语动词，由于空后有宾语us，需填入及物动词，只有prompt一个备选项，prompt sb. to do sth.表示促使某人做某事。
32. impression 此处应该填入名词作with的宾语， leave sb. with the impression that从句表示给某人留下……印象。
33. perfectly 此处应该填入副词，修饰work together。结合句意：我们并不想给你留下这三部分配合____的印象。上下文没有先后和主次的描述，故排除primarily，填入perfectly。
34. avoiding 此处应该填入动名词与eating并列，构成选择关系，故填入avoiding，你的态度会导致哪种行为：吃了它还是避开它？
35. prevail 此处应该填入动词原形，空后没有宾语，应填入不及物动词，只有prevail一个备选项。前文提到情感部分probably will be stronger, 这里应该是说认知部分会胜出，从而选择吃更健康的食物。
27、(2)
A、typical
B、avoiding
C、illustrates
D、prompt
E、strapping
F、perfectly
G、impression
H、improves
I、benefits
J、primarily
K、positive
L、prevail
M、specifications
N、inquiring
O、highlight
解析：见上一题！
28、(3)
A、typical
B、avoiding
C、illustrates
D、prompt
E、strapping
F、perfectly
G、impression
H、improves
I、benefits
J、primarily
K、positive
L、prevail
M、specifications
N、inquiring
O、highlight
解析：见上一题！
29、(4)
A、typical
B、avoiding
C、illustrates
D、prompt
E、strapping
F、perfectly
G、impression
H、improves
I、benefits
J、primarily
K、positive
L、prevail
M、specifications
N、inquiring
O、highlight
解析：见上一题！
30、(5)
A、typical
B、avoiding
C、illustrates
D、prompt
E、strapping
F、perfectly
G、impression
H、improves
I、benefits
J、primarily
K、positive
L、prevail
M、specifications
N、inquiring
O、highlight
解析：见上一题！
31、(6)
A、typical
B、avoiding
C、illustrates
D、prompt
E、strapping
F、perfectly
G、impression
H、improves
I、benefits
J、primarily
K、positive
L、prevail
M、specifications
N、inquiring
O、highlight
解析：见上一题！
32、(7)
A、typical
B、avoiding
C、illustrates
D、prompt
E、strapping
F、perfectly
G、impression
H、improves
I、benefits
J、primarily
K、positive
L、prevail
M、specifications
N、inquiring
O、highlight
解析：见上一题！
33、(8)
A、typical
B、avoiding
C、illustrates
D、prompt
E、strapping
F、perfectly
G、impression
H、improves
I、benefits
J、primarily
K、positive
L、prevail
M、specifications
N、inquiring
O、highlight
解析：见上一题！
34、(9)
A、typical
B、avoiding
C、illustrates
D、prompt
E、strapping
F、perfectly
G、impression
H、improves
I、benefits
J、primarily
K、positive
L、prevail
M、specifications
N、inquiring
O、highlight
解析：见上一题！
35、(10)
A、typical
B、avoiding
C、illustrates
D、prompt
E、strapping
F、perfectly
G、impression
H、improves
I、benefits
J、primarily
K、positive
L、prevail
M、specifications
N、inquiring
O、highlight
解析：见上一题！
The Changing Generation
【A】 It turns out today’s teenagers aren’t so scary after all. Results of USA WEEKEND’s Teens&Parents survey reveal a generation of young people who get along well with their parents and approve of the way they’re being raised. They think of their parents with affection and respect. They speak with Mom or Dad when they have a problem. Most feel that their parents understand them, and they believe their family is the No.1 priority in their parents’ lives. Many even think their parents are cool! Although more than a third have an object in their rooms they would like to keep secret from their parents, rarely is it anything more alarming than a diary or off-color (低俗的) book or CD.
【B】 Such results may seem surprising against the background of shocking incidents that color the way the mass media portray the young. In October 2000, the same month the survey was taken, the Washington-based Center for Media and Public Affairs wrote in its publication Media Monitor that, in a recent month of TV news coverage of American youth, just 2% of teens were shown at home, and just 1% were portrayed in a work setting. In contrast, the criminal justice system accounted for nearly one out of every lave visual backgrounds. No wonder parents worry their own kids might spin out of control once they hit the turbulent waters of adolescence.
【C】 The overall facts ought to reassure us. The survey shows us that today’s teens are affectionate, sensible and tar happier than the angry and tortured souls that have been painted for us by stereotypes. From other sources, we also know teenage crime, drug abuse and premarital sex are in general decline. We of course, need to pay attention to youngsters who are filled with discontent and hostility, but we should not allow these extreme cases to distort our view of most young people.
【D】 My own research at the Stanford Center on Adolescence uses in-depth interviews with small samples of youngsters rather than large scale surveys. Still, in my studies and others I have read, I find the same patterns as in USA WEEKEND’s survey. Today’s teenagers admire their parents and welcome parental guidance about important matters such as career choice—though certainly not Morn and Dad’s advice on matters of personal taste, such as music or fashion. When we ask teens to choose a hero, they usually select an older family member rather than a remote public figure. Most teens say they enjoy the company of both parents and friends.
【E】 Contrary to some stereotypes, most adolescents believe they must be tolerant of differences among individuals (though they do not always find this easy in the cliquish (拉帮结派的) environment of high school). Many of them volunteer for community service with disadvantaged people. One prevalent quality we have round in teens’ statements about themselves, their friends and their families is a strikingly positive emotional tone. By and large, these are very nice kids, and as the band The Who used to sing, “The kids are alright.”
【F】 How much is today’s sprat of harmony a change from our more turbulent past? A mere generation ago, parent-child relations were described as “the generation gap”. Yet even then reports of widespread youth rebellion were overdone: Most kids in the ‘60s and ‘70s shared their parents’ basic values. Still, it is true that American families are growing closer at the dawn of this new millennium (千年). Perhaps there is less to fight about, with the country in a period of tranquility and the dangers of drug abuse and other unwholesome behavior well known. Perhaps in the face of impersonal and intimidating globalization, a young person’s family feels more like a friendly haven than an oppressive trap. And perhaps parents are acting more like parents than in the recent past, within just the past five years. I have noticed parents returning to a belief that teenagers need the guidance of elders rather than the liberal, “anything goes” mode of child-rearing that became popular in the second half of the 20th century.
【G】 But missing from all these data is the sense that today’s young care very much about their country, about the broader civic and political environment, or about the future of their society. They seem to be turning inward—generally in a pro-social manner, certainly with positive benefits for intimate relationships, but too often at the expense of a connection with the present and future world beyond, including the society they will one day inherit.
【H】 Recently, we examined more than 400 essays on the “laws of life” that teens from two communities had written as part of an educational program initiated by the John Templeton Foundation in Radnor, Pa. In those essays, and in follow-up interviews with a few of the teenagers, we found lots of insight. positive feeling and inspirational thinking. But we also found little interest in civic life beyond the tight circles of their family and immediate friends.
【I】 For example, only one boy said he would like to be president when he grows up. When I was in high school, dozens in my class alone would have answered differently. In fact, other recent studies have found there has never been a time in American history when so small a proportion of young people have sought or accepted leadership roles in local civic organizations. It is also troubling that voting rates among our youngest eligible voters—18-to 24-year-olds—are way down: Little more than one in four now go to the polls, even in national elections, compared with almost twice that many when 18-year-olds were first given the vote.
【J】 In our interviews, many students viewed politics with suspicion and distaste. “Most politicians are kind of crooked (不诚实的),” one student declared. Another, discussing national politics, said. “I feel 1ike one person can’t do that much, and I get the impression most people don’t think a group of people can do that much.” Asked what they would like to change in the world, the students mentioned only personal concerns such as slowing down the pace of life, gaining good friends, becoming more spiritual, becoming either more materially successful or less materially oriented (depending on the student’s values), and being more respectful of the Earth, animals and other people. One boy said, “I’d rather be concentrating on artistic efforts than saving the world or something.”
【K】 It is fine and healthy for teens to cultivate their personal interests, and it is good news when young people enjoy harmonious relations with their family and friends. But there is also a place in a young life for noble purposes that include a dedication to the broader society, a love of country and an aspiration to make their own leadership contributions.
【L】 In the past, the young have eagerly participated in national service and civic affairs, often with lots of energy and idealism. If this is not happening today, we should ask why. Our society needs the full participation of its younger citizens if it is to continue to thrive. We know the promise is there—this is a well-grounded, talented, warm-hearted group of youngsters. We have everything to gain by encouraging them to explore the world beyond their immediate experience and to prepare themselves for their turn at shaping that world.
36、36. Not many young people eligible for voting are interested in local or national elections these days.
A、A
B、B
C、C
D、D
E、E
F、F
G、G
H、H
I、I
J、J
K、K
L、L
解析：36. Not many young people eligible for voting are interested in local or national elections these days.
