一、单选题
1、He told me that he _______ here for ten minutes.
A、has come
B、had arrived
C、had been
D、came
解析：
根据句意和语境，“他告诉我已经在这里十分钟了”，可知这个动作发生在过去，并且持续了十分钟，因此需要用过去完成时表示过去的过去。同时，根据时间状语for ten minutes表示一段时间，不能和短暂性动词连用，所以排除短暂性动词come，选择持续性动词be。因此正确答案为C，即“had been”。
2、In today’s class, he appeared to be _______ than he used to be.
A、very active
B、much active
C、more active
D、most active
解析：
根据句意和空后的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。active（积极的）的比较级为more active。因此，正确答案为C，表示“在今天的课堂上，他比过去更加积极”。
3、_______ receiving the book, she went over the most interesting chapters first.
A、On
B、In
C、At
D、By
解析：
题干描述了一收到那本书，她就先仔细查阅了最有趣的章节的情景。选项A中的“on”表示“一……就……”，符合题意，表示她一收到书就先去看了最有趣的章节。因此，答案为A。
4、In the corner of the library, I found a book _______ cover was stained with ink.
A、who
B、whose
C、where
D、which
解析：
在句子中，需要找到一个词来引导一个定语从句，修饰"a book"，并且该词在从句中作为"cover"的定语。选项A的"who"用于引导定语从句，但是通常用于修饰人，不符合题意；选项C的"where"用于引导地点状语从句，不符合题意；选项D的"which"虽然可以引导定语从句修饰物，但它不能作为定语出现在从句中。因此，正确答案是选项B “whose”，它在句中作为定语修饰"cover"，表示这本书的封面被墨水弄脏了。
5、Judy hardly joins in any class activities, _______?
A、does she
B、doesn’t she
C、didn’t she
D、is she
解析：
题干中的句子是一个反意疑问句，当陈述句部分有表示否定或部分否定意义的词（如hardly）时，反意疑问句部分要用肯定形式。根据陈述句部分中的Judy hardly joins，反意疑问句部分应用does she。因此，正确答案是A。
6、I might fail, but I will keep doing it _______.
A、however
B、anyhow
C、whatever
D、yet
解析：
根据题目中的句子结构和语境，“I might fail，but I will keep doing it _______.”，后半句表达的是即使遇到困难或失败，仍然会继续做某事的态度。选项B “anyhow” 恰好符合这个意思，表示无论如何、不管怎样都会继续做下去。因此，正确答案是B。
7、Every detail should be considered _______ that it won’t happen again.
A、to ensure
B、ensured
C、ensuring
D、ensures
解析：
根据题目中的句子结构和语境，应该使用不定式来填空，表示目的状语。而选项A的“to ensure”正是表示目的的不定式，符合语法规则和语境。其他选项如B项的过去分词表示被动或完成，C项现在分词的一般式表示主动或正在进行，不符合语境。D项是动词的第三人称单数形式，不符合语法规则。因此，正确答案是A。
8、With so many cars around here, we have no idea _______.
A、when to park
B、where to park
C、whenever to park
D、wherever to park
解析：
根据题干中的语境“这周围有这么多小汽车，我们不知道在哪里停车”，可以判断问题是在询问停车的位置，因此需要使用表示地点的疑问词。选项B中的“where to park”正是表示“在哪里停车”的意思，符合语境，因此是正确答案。选项A的“when to park”表示“什么时候停车”，与语境不符；选项C和D中的“whenever”和“wherever”虽然都有表示时间和地点的含义，但在此处不符合句意。因此，正确答案是B。
9、Doctors warned that the bad weather would _______ more cases of flu.
A、result from
B、bring in
C、result in
D、bring back
解析：
题干中提到医生警告恶劣天气会导致更多的流感病例，需要使用一个表示“导致”的动词短语。选项C中的“result in”正是表示“导致，造成”的意思，符合题意。而选项A的“result from”表示“因……发生”，与题意不符；选项B的“bring in”意为“引入，赚得，提出(新法案)，让……参与”；选项D的“bring back”意为“使回忆起，使想起”，也不符合题意。因此，正确答案是C。
10、Online shopping, when properly _______, can save a lot of time, money and energy.
A、used
B、using
C、having used
D、is used
解析：
句子中的"Online shopping"是主语，"can save a lot of time，money and energy"是谓语部分，而"when properly used"是一个省略了引导词的状语从句，修饰主句。在这个状语从句中，"used"是过去分词形式，表示被动和完成，符合语境。因此，答案为A。
11、Illegal hunting and trading of wild animals will _______ severely in China.
A、punish
B、punishing
C、be punished
D、being punished
解析：
根据句子结构，此处缺少谓语动词，因此需要使用动词形式。根据句意“在中国非法捕猎和交易野生动物将受到严惩”，可以确定需要使用被动语态，即“be punished”的形式。因此正确答案为C。
12、The country will double its _______ to reduce the economic losses caused by the earthquake.
A、affects
B、effects
C、affords
D、efforts
解析：
根据题干中的句子“The country will double its _______ to reduce the economic losses caused by the earthquake.”可知，国家将加倍努力减少地震造成的经济损失。因此，正确答案为D，即efforts（努力）。其他选项的词义与句子意思不符。
13、_______ high cost of living in big cities, many graduates choose to work in small cities.
A、Regardless of
B、Apart from
C、As for
D、Due to
解析：
题干中的句子表达的是很多毕业生选择在小城市工作的原因是因为大城市生活费用高，因此应该使用表示原因的介词。选项D “Due to” 正是表示原因的介词，符合句意。其他选项如A、B、C等虽然都有某种关联的含义，但在此句中并不符合表示原因的语境。
14、Busy preparing a report, he couldn’t _______ the noise, and had to keep all the windows shut.
A、put up with
B、come up with
C、catch up with
D、keep up with
解析：
根据句意，他无法忍受噪音，所以选择了关闭所有窗户。选项A中的短语put up with意为“忍受”，符合句意。而选项B中的come up with意为“提出”，选项C中的catch up with意为“赶上”，选项D中的keep up with意为“跟上”，均与句意不符。因此，答案为A。
15、It is an online platform _______ people can buy and sell many kinds of things.
A、when
B、where
C、that
D、which
解析：
这是一个在线平台，人们可以在上面买卖各种物品。这是一个定语从句，修饰先行词online platform，并且从句中的动词buy和sell是动作，需要一个地点状语来修饰，因此使用关系副词where来引导这个定语从句。选项A的when是时间状语，选项C的that和选项D的which都是引导定语从句的代词，但在这个语境下不合适。因此，正确答案是B。
16、I like a house with a beautiful garden, but I don’t have enough money to buy _______.
A、one
B、it
C、this
D、that
解析：
题干中提到喜欢带有美丽花园的房子，但没有足够的钱买，需要一个代词来指代这样的房子。这里用one来泛指前面提到的同类事物中的一个，表示“一座（这样的）房子”。因此，正确答案是A。
17、He lifted the huge rock _______ drop it on his own feet.
A、so as to
B、but to
C、only to
D、in order to
解析：
句子表达的是意料之外的结果，即他举起那块大石头，结果却砸到了自己的脚。选项C中的"only to"表示意料之外的结果，符合句意。而选项A的"so as to"和选项D的"in order to"都表示目的，不符合句意。选项B的"but to"在英语中并不常见，也不符合句意。因此，正确答案是C。
18、It was on his 22nd birthday _______ the young man received his first job offer.
A、when
B、who
C、that
D、which
解析：
题干考查强调句。本句强调的是时间状语on his 22nd birthday，去掉强调结构"It was…that…"后句子完整且意思清晰，因此选项C的that是正确的选择。
19、She visited several museums to _______ information for her research project.
A、receive
B、pick
C、acquire
D、gather
解析：
题干中的句子是在描述一个人为了她的研究项目参观博物馆去搜集信息的过程。其中，关键词"visit"和"gather information"表明了她去博物馆的目的是为了收集信息。在给出的选项中，"gather"表示收集、搜集的意思，符合句意。因此，正确答案是D。其他选项的意思与句子语境不符。
20、—Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr. Smith?
— _______. I can’t manage it myself.
A、Of course
B、I’m afraid not
C、Don’t mention it
D、It depends
解析：
根据对话内容，学生询问是否可以明天休息一天，而老师回答说“恐怕不行，我自己应付不了这件事”，因此正确答案为B，表示不能批准休息一天。其他选项不符合对话内容。
根据下面资料，回答21-30题
Many people may talk about the love of animals. Whether animals have emotions such as joy, love and heartbreak is still a 21 . It is generally thought that animals are just driven by their 22 . However, there is more than one example to suggest that they may display true love. A male goose Ado seemed to be in such a low 23 that he even did not have the desire to defend himself after the death of his mate. It was not until one year later that he 24 himself together and found another mate. A male parrot did not take a fine-feathered young female seriously; instead, he was 25 by an older female in extremely poor condition. 26 , the male gorilla Timmy rejected two female gorillas introduced to him and liked another gorilla Kate with an old age. Geese, swans, mandarin ducks, and coyotes are all symbols of marital faithfulness. Another example is that an otter Tibby was 27 by a man who got around with a walking stick and she showed great 28 for the man. 29 the death of her master, she made a habit of escaping and finding a man with a walking stick. Of course, there are different viewpoints about whether animals really experience emotions similar to human beings. It is still 30 and open to further research.
21、第（21）题选
A、mystery
B、problem
C、trouble
D、title
解析：
根据句意，动物是否有高兴、爱和心碎等情感仍然是一个“神秘”的问题，所以正确答案是A，表示“神秘”。
根据下面资料，回答31-35题
Each year, 1.3 million people worldwide die in car accidents. Ninety-four percent of those crashes are due to human en'or. This is a tragedy that self-driving vehicles can help prevent. That’s because computers can think better and react earlier than people.
As soon as we can show that a self-driving car can drive more safely than a human, we should expect to see many more such vehicles picking up passengers across the country--and eventually around the world. Self-driving cars will also help speed up the shift towards increased ride sharing and reduced car ownership. Many people already use ride-sharing services instead of owning their own cars. Self-driving vehicles are a great fit for ride sharing because machines have the potential to find the best routes for getting people to their destinations more safely and faster than human drivers.
A future in which more of us use ride sharing as our primary mode of transportation means we’ll need fewer cars overall, which comes with key benefits, including reduced road congestion and less time wasted in traffic. Fewer cars also means less pollution and fewer parking spaces. That would make room for more parks, bike lanes, and businesses.
Real-world testing is critical to getting this technology ready for nationwide use. That’s why some companies are testing self-driving cars in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Tempe, Arizona. Both cities have welcomed this technology with open arms.
A better future is within reach. We already have the technology. While it won’t happen overnight, self-driving cars will be an important part of the future of transportation.
22、According to the author, self-driving can reduce car crashes because self-driving cars ______.
A、can think
B、know directions
C、are controlled by computers
D、can avoid some human errors
解析：
：根据文章第一段提到，自动驾驶汽车可以减少车祸是因为它们能够避免一些人为错误。电脑能够比人类更好地思考和更早做出反应，因此自动驾驶汽车能够更安全和更有效地行驶，减少由于人为因素导致的车祸。因此，选项D“可以避免一些人为错误”是正确答案。
根据下面资料，回答36-40题
It is hard to track the blue whale, the ocean’s largest creature, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. Attaching radio devices to itis difficult, and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior.
So biologists were delighted early this year when, with the help of the Navy, they were able to track a particular blue whale for 43 days, monitoring its sounds. This was possible because of the Navy’s formerly top secret system of underwater listening devices spanning the oceans.
Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built Over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies.
Earth scientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely monitoring a deep-sea volcanic eruption (爆发) for the first time and that they planned similar studies.
Other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in ocean and global temperatures.
The speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second—slower than through land but faster than through air. What is most important is that different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds, focusing them in the same way a stethoscope (听诊器) does when it carries faint noises from a patient’s chest to a doctor’s ear. This focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean, especially low-frequency ones, can often travel thousands of miles.
23、The passage is chiefly about ______.
A、an effort to protect an endangered marine species
B、the civilian use of a military detection system
C、the exposure of a U.S. Navy top secret weapon
D、a new way to look into the behavior of blue whales
解析：
：本文主要介绍了冷战后海军开始与民间科学家分享其水下监听系统，并描述了该系统在追踪蓝鲸、监测深海火山爆发、追踪洋流和测量海洋及全球温度变化等方面的应用。因此，本文主要讲述的是军事探测系统的民用化，选项B最为符合。
根据下面资料，回答41-45题
A new study shows that plants are creating frequencies in response to their surroundings, or in other words, they are reacting. These “reactions” in plants, which we could see as analogical to human senses, are actually nothing new. We have learned over the past few years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing, and smelling.
And with this newest finding we are just one sense away from completing the five human senses in some plants. For the first time, plants have been recorded making airborne sounds when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water starved crops.
The researchers found that tomato and tobacco plants made sounds at frequencies humans cannot hear when facing situations such as lack of water or when being cut.
On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds per hour, while tobacco plants made 11 and unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour.
The researchers trained a machine-learning model to tell difference between the plant’s sounds and the wind, rain, and other surrounding noises of the greenhouse, in order to correctly identify the source of stress. Results showed that drought-stressed plants make significantly more sounds than control plants.
Humans cannot hear the whole range of frequencies around us. If we could, we would likely become absent-minded and anxious by always hearing the frequencies around us including radio frequencies from cell towers near us or even cooking a frozen meal in the microwave. Thankfully, the range of human hearing is typically considered to be only 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. That is why humans are not sensitive to the sounds that plants are making.
24、What is the newest finding about plants?
A、Plants can see.
B、Plants can hear.
C、Plants can smell.
D、Plants can speak.
解析：
：根据文章中的描述，最新的研究发现植物在面临压力时会发出声音，这些声音是人类无法听到的频率。因此，正确答案是D，即植物会说话。
根据下面资料，回答46-50题
New research is trying to find how we learn and make decisions exactly. To the brain, a new thought or idea is like a spider. If it works hard enough, a web of knowledge spins off frown it. Photos of the brain taken during learning actually show a kind of nerve cells firing, growing, and forming new connections. This is fascinating in itself, but what’s even more fascinating is that failure can cause this to happen.
That’s right; failure can enhance your brain.
Stanford University psychologist Carol Dweck has compared the brain waves of people with growth and fixed mindsets. She finds that, when those with growth mindsets fail at a task, they would enter a more focused mental state. And as they try again and again, they improve. In effect, they’ve learned, and their brains have “grown”. Those with fixed mindsets, however, never enter this focused state of learning and show little advancement.
Antoine Beehara, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at the University of Southern California, has taken Dweck’s work a step further. He recently isolated two equally sized centers in the brain. These areas interact during the decision-making process. Although more research is needed, these centers may turn out to be the physical locations for Dweck’s twin mindsets.
“We always knew people could learn from their mistakes, but now we’re finding out exactly how and where this happens,” explains Beehara. “In a normally functioning brain, failure is taken as an opportunity for learning and strengthening the species.”
25、According to the passage, like a spider, a new thought or idea could ______.
A、come from hard work
B、enrich your brain
C、be very fascinating
D、form a knowledge web
解析：
：根据文章第一段第二、三句提到，新的想法或理念在大脑中就像蜘蛛一样，如果付出足够的努力，就会从中衍生出一张知识网。因此，正确答案为D，即形成知识网。
二、简答题
26、We soon wearied of her complaint.
解析：
这句话的意思是“我们很快就对她抱怨的事情感到厌烦了”。其中，“wearied”是过去式，表示已经发生了动作；“of her complaint”表示厌烦的对象是她的抱怨。因此，答案为“我们很快就厌倦了她的抱怨”。
27、Taxi drivers usually remind passengers to take their belongings when they get off.
解析：
这是一个简单的句子，主要意思是出租车司机有一个常见的行为，即提醒乘客在离开车辆时要带走他们的物品。其中，“take their belongings”可以翻译为“带走随身物品”或“拿好自己的东西”。
28、We currently wear masks in public to prevent COVID-19.
解析：
这句话描述了当前人们在公共场所佩戴口罩的行为，目的是为了预防新冠肺炎的传播。其中，“wear masks”表示佩戴口罩，“in public”表示在公共场所，“to prevent COVID-19”表示预防新冠肺炎。
29、It was the stranger's support that enabled him to complete the university studies.
解析：
这个简答题考查了对于英文句子的理解和翻译能力。原句中的 “It was the stranger’s support” 表示 “正是陌生人的支持”，而 “enabled him to complete the university studies” 则表示 “使他能够完成大学学业”。因此，这两部分结合起来，可以清晰地表达出这句话的意思是：“正是这位陌生人的资助使他能够完成大学学业。”
30、It is said that the gas price will go up this month, so we decide to take the subway to work.
解析：
该题目是一个简单的陈述句，表达了一个因为油价上涨而决定改变出行方式的情境。没有语法错误或者需要深入探讨的语言点，因此不需要给出答案。
31、我们现在住的房子离公司太远了。
解析：
这句话需要表达的是“我们现在住的房子离公司很远”，因此需要使用现在进行时的时态，表示当前的状态。同时，需要使用定语从句来描述房子，用关系代词“that/which”引导定语从句，将“我们住的房子”和“离公司太远”两个信息结合起来。最终得到的英文翻译是：“The house we are living in now is too far away from the company”。
32、接二连三的失败会让人对工作失去兴趣。
解析：
接二连三的失败确实会让人对工作失去兴趣。连续的失败可能会导致个人感到沮丧、无助和失去动力，从而影响他们对工作的热情和兴趣。因此，该句子是正确的。
33、无论你说什么，我都不会放弃这个计划。
解析：
这句话的意思是“不管你说什么，我都不会放弃这个计划”。可以用“Regardless of what you say”或者“No matter what you say”来表达“无论你说什么”，而“I will not abandon this plan”则直接表达了“我都不会放弃这个计划”。因此，这句话的英文翻译是Regardless of what you say, I will not abandon this plan。
34、暑假期间，越来越多的学生选择兼职。
解析：
题目描述了暑假期间，越来越多的学生选择兼职的现象。这是一个广泛存在的现象，反映了学生们在暑假期间希望通过兼职来丰富自己的社会经验、锻炼能力或者赚取一些生活费用。这一现象在社会中越来越普遍，因此可以作为一个描述性的题目出现。
35、学生应该养成独立学习的习惯。
解析：
这是一个简答题，要求学生养成独立学习的习惯。这句话可以直接翻译为英文：Students should develop the habit of independent learning. 这句话的意思是，学生应该自主学习，培养自己的独立思考和自主学习的能力，这对于他们的学习和未来的发展都非常重要。
36、Directions: For this part, you are required to write a letter of complaint based on the outline given below. Please write it on the ANSWER SHEET.
假设你是李明，最近参加了某旅行社(travel agency)组织的一次旅行，但你对此次旅行很不满意。请你写一封投诉信，向客服(customer service)进行投诉，内容应包括：
1. 陈述投诉的原因(如酒店、饮食、交通及费用等)；
2. 提出你期待的解决办法。
解析：
这封投诉信根据题目要求进行了撰写，内容涵盖了投诉的原因，包括购物、导游服务、食物质量、住宿条件以及交通不便等方面的问题。同时，也提出了期待的解决办法，即希望贵方能够考虑以上问题并对损失进行补偿，采取措施改善服务。符合题目要求。
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