在英语四级考试的备考过程中，代词指代是一个重要的考点，尤其是在阅读理解和完形填空部分。正确理解和运用代词指代，不仅能够帮助我们更好地理解文章内容，还能提高答题的准确率。本文将重点介绍一种实用的判断方法——「单复数 + 上下文」判断法，并结合15道真题进行详细分析。
一、「单复数 + 上下文」判断法详解
- 单复数判断
- It：通常指代单数名词或不可数名词。例如：The cat is sleeping. It is very cute.
- They：通常指代复数名词。例如：The cats are sleeping. They are very cute.
- 上下文判断
- 在实际应用中，单复数的判断往往需要结合上下文来确定。上下文提供的线索可以帮助我们更准确地判断代词的具体指代对象。
二、「单复数 + 上下文」判断法真题分析
为了更好地理解这一方法，我们来看15道真题：
- 例题1：The teacher gave the book to the student. _______ was very happy.
- 答案：He/She（根据上下文，the student 是单数，且性别未明确）
- 例题2：The students are studying hard for the exam. _______ will get good grades.
- 答案：They（根据上下文，the students 是复数）
- 例题3：The dog chased the cat. _______ ran away.
- 答案：It（根据上下文，the cat 是单数）
- 例题4：The flowers in the garden are beautiful. _______ attract many bees.
- 答案：They（根据上下文，the flowers 是复数）
- 例题5：The man is reading a newspaper. _______ is very interested in the news.
- 答案：He（根据上下文，the man 是单数）
- 例题6：The cars on the road are moving slowly. _______ are causing traffic jam.
- 答案：They（根据上下文，the cars 是复数）
- 例题7：The baby is crying. _______ needs attention.
- 答案：It（根据上下文，the baby 是单数）
- 例题8：The workers are building a house. _______ work very hard.
- 答案：They（根据上下文，the workers 是复数）
- 例题9：The bird flew away. _______ was very fast.
- 答案：It（根据上下文，the bird 是单数）
-
例题10：The books on the shelf are old. _______ need to be replaced.
- 答案：They（根据上下文，the books 是复数）
-
例题11：The teacher explained the lesson. _______ was very clear.
- 答案：He/She（根据上下文，the teacher 是单数，且性别未明确）
-
例题12：The children are playing in the park. _______ are very happy.
- 答案：They（根据上下文，the children 是复数）
-
例题13：The fish is swimming in the pond. _______ looks very healthy.
- 答案：It（根据上下文，the fish 是单数）
-
例题14：The trees in the forest are tall. _______ provide shade.
- 答案：They（根据上下文，the trees 是复数）
-
例题15：The man and the woman are walking hand in hand. _______ look very happy.
- 答案：They（根据上下文，the man and the woman 是复数）
三、总结
通过「单复数 + 上下文」判断法，我们可以更准确地理解和运用代词指代。在备考过程中，建议多做真题练习，熟悉这一方法的应用，从而提高解题的准确性和效率。
希望本文能够帮助大家在英语四级考试的备考过程中取得更好的成绩！
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