Question 18 is based on the passage you have just heard.

听力原文

        In social psychology, the term “person perception” refers to the mental processes that we use to form impressions of other people. It includes not just how we form these impressions, but the conclusions we make about other people based on our impressions. (16) [Consider how often you make this kind of judgment every day.] When you meet with a new coworker, you immediately begin to develop an initial impression of this person. When you visit the grocery store, you might draw conclusions about the cashier who checks you out. 

        (17) [Obviously, person perception is a very subjective process that can be affected by a number of variables,] including the characteristics of the person you are observing, the context of the situation, your own personal traits and your past experiences. 

        One of the techniques we use in person perception is social categorization. In this process, we mentally categorize people into different groups based on common characteristics. (18) [Problems with this technique include the fact that it can lead to errors and prejudice.]

        Imagine that you are getting on a bus. There are only two seats available. One is next to a small elderly woman, the other is next to a muscular, fierce-looking man. You sit next to the elderly woman, who unfortunately turns out to be quite skilled at picking pockets. Because of social categorization, you will immediately judge the woman as harmless and the man as threatening, leading to the loss of your wallet.

18. What is the problem with using social categorization and person perception?（在使用社会分类和个体知觉时，会存在什么问题？）

解析：A。录音后半部分讲到了社会分类，并指出它会带来问题，包括引起误判和偏见（it can lead to errors and prejudice）。A项与此内容相符，其中的incorrect judgments是对录音中errors and prejudice的概括总结，故为正确答案。

错项排除：录音中并没有提到mistrust或gender bias是社会分类所造成的问题，故排除B项和D项。C项利用录音结尾丢钱包的例子进行干扰，但导致钱包丢失的原因是社会分类所造成的误判，不能说明社会分类会立刻带来损失，C项过度引申，故排除。