Question 17 is based on the passage you have just heard.

听力原文

        (16) [The golden rule is a moral principle, which states that you should treat others the way you want to be treated yourself.] For example, if you want people to treat you with respect, you should treat them with respect. Different people tend to be exposed to different forms of the golden rule, based on factors such as the religion in their society. However, all forms of the golden rule revolve around the same concept. (16) [Namely, they help you treat others better by using the way you yourself would want to be treated as a guide of how to behave.] (17) [A notable criticism of the golden rule is that its application can lead to undesirable outcomes] when it conflicts with laws and ethical principles. For example, if someone breaks the law, the golden rule would suggest that we should let them go, because we would not want to be punished ourselves. However, this issue with the golden rule can be dealt with in a general manner, (16) [by viewing this principle as one of several principles that we use to guide our behavior as individuals and as a society.] Specifically, (18) [in the example described above, most individuals and societies choose to place laws and ethical principles above the golden rule. This means that they strive to implement the golden rule whenever possible, as long as it doesn’t clash with a more important concept.]

17. What is a notable criticism of the golden rule?

解析：C。录音中间部分提到，针对黄金法则有一条值得注意的批评：当它与法律和道德原则相冲突时，遵循这一法则可能会导致不良后果（lead to undesirable outcomes）。C项与此相符，其中的produce是对lead to的同义替换，undesirable outcomes原词复现，故为正确答案。

错项排除：A项和B项在录音中无依据，故排除。录音中虽然提到了多个原则，如moral principle、ethical principles和several principles，容易让人产生复杂之感，但没有提到人际关系（human relationships）的复杂性，故排除D项。