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       Have you ever wondered how acceptable it is to hug or touch someone? While it may sound safe to avoid all physical contact so as not to offend any one, the lack of touching might imply cold attitudes or indifference in interpersonal relationships.

        So, what should we do? The simple answer is to thoroughly learn unique cultural norms for physical contact. In nonverbal communication terminology (术语), physical contact and the study of touching are generally referred to as haptics.

        Haptics in communication often suggest the level of intimacy. They are usually classified into two groups: high-contact and low-contact.

        Asia and quite surprisingly the United States, Canada and Britain belong to low-contact cultures. People from the rest of the world, such as Latin America, are considered to be in high-contact cultures, where they tend to expect touching in social interactions and feel more comfortable with physical closeness. Despite the classification, there are more complex factors such as relational closeness, gender, age, and context that can affect how someone views physical contact.

       One common French custom of greetings is cheek-kissing, but it is mostly restricted to friends, close acquaintances and family members. While cheek-kissing for Latin Americans is also a universal greeting form, it does not require such a high degree of relational closeness. However, gender matters more for them because cheek-kissing often only happens between women or a man and a woman but not two men.

        In contrast, in certain Arabian, African, and Asian countries, men can publicly hold hands or show physical affection as signs of brotherhood or friendship while these behaviors may suggest a romantic relationship in other parts of the world. Although men’s touching is more normal in these cultures, physical contact between persons of opposite sexes who are not family members is negatively perceived in Arabic countries.

        These factors could definitely affect the degree to which someone is comfortable with tactile (触觉的) communication and physical intimacy. Therefore, if you are someone who loves to show physical affection, you should not be afraid to show it or drastically change your behaviors—just ask for consent beforehand!

48. What do we learn about people in high-contact cultures?

A
They are sensitive to the way people express their emotions.
B
They take touching as a cultural norm in social interactions.
C
They attach great importance to close ties among people.
D
They tend to be more open in interpersonal relationships.
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答案:

B

解析:

解析:B。根据题干中的high-contact cultures可定位至原文第四段第二句。该句指出,拉丁美洲的人,被认为是高接触的文化,他们在社会交往中(social interactions)往往期待接触(touching),并对身体上的亲密感到更舒适。由此可知,高接触文化中的人们对于接触是喜欢并认可的,这属于他们社会交往中的一种文化规范,B项与此内容相符,故正确。

错项排除:A项的sensitive在文章中无依据,故排除。根据文章我们知道拉丁美洲属于高接触文化,第五段第二句提到,对拉丁美洲人来说亲吻脸颊是一种普遍的问候方式,并不需要如此高度的亲密关系(high degree of relational closeness),C项的attach great importance to close ties与此相悖,故排除。D项中的be more open在文中未提及,故排除。

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