With obesity now affecting 29% of the population in England, and expected to rise to 35% by 2030, should we now recognise it as a disease? Obesity, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be adversely affected, meets the dictionary definition of disease, argues Professor John Wilding. He points out that more than 200 genes influence weight. “Thus body weight is strongly influenced by biology—it is not an individual’s fault if they develop obesity.” Yet the widespread view is that obesity is self-induced and that it is entirely the individual’s responsibility to do something about it. Recognising obesity as a chronic disease with severe complications rather than a lifestyle choice “should help reduce the stigma (耻辱) and discrimination experienced by many people with obesity,” he adds.

       Professor Wilding disagrees that labelling a high proportion of the population as having a disease removes personal responsibility or may overwhelm health services, pointing out that other common diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, require people to take action to manage their condition. He suggests that most people with obesity will eventually develop complications. “But unless we accept that obesity is a disease, we are not going to be able to tackle it,” he concludes.

        But Dr. Richard Pile, a physician with a special interest in diabetes, argues that adopting this approach “could actually result in worse outcomes for individuals and society.” He believes that the dictionary definition of disease “is so vague that we can classify almost anything as a disease” and says the question is not whether we can, but whether we should, and to what end.

        If labelling obesity as a disease was harmless then it wouldn’t really matter, he writes. But labelling obesity as a disease “risks reducing autonomy, disempowering and robbing people of the intrinsic (内在的) motivation that is such an important enabler of change.” What’s more, making obesity a disease “may not benefit patients, but it will benefit healthcare providers and the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry when health insurance and clinical guidelines promote treatment with drugs and surgery,” he warns.

解析：B。根据题干中的Dr. Richard Pile和 the dictionary definition of disease可定位至原文第三段第二句。该句提到，派尔博士认为字典上对疾病的定义过于模糊，以至于几乎可以将任何事物都归类为疾病。B项与此内容相符，其中too inclusive是对该句中classify almost anything as a disease的近义概括，lacks clarity是so vague的同义替换，故B项为正确答案。

错项排除：文章开始提到，肥胖符合字典中疾病的定义，但这是怀尔丁教授的观点，派尔博士虽然不赞同怀尔丁教授的观点，但并没有说字典中疾病的定义对理解肥胖没有用，故A项排除。C项的patients’ problems和D项的debate over obesity在原文中都无依据，故均排除。