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        The subject of automation and its role in our economy has taken hold in American public discourse. Technology broadly and automation specifically are dramatically reshaping the way we work. And we need to have a plan for what’s still to come.

        We don’t have to look further than our own communities to see the devastating impact of automation. From automated warehouses to cashierless grocery stores to neighborhood libraries that offer self-checkout lanes instead of employing real people—automation is increasingly replacing jobs and leaving too few good new jobs behind.

        The statistics in manufacturing are staggering. Despite the widespread fears about trade, a recent report showed that just 13 percent of jobs lost in manufacturing are due to trade—the rest of the losses have been due to advances in technology.

        That is why more people are criticizing the ever-increasing role of technology in our economy. Our country is manufacturing more than ever before, but we are doing it with fewer workers. However, it’s not just factories that are seeing losses—software and information technology are also having a dramatic impact on jobs most people think are secure from the forces of a rapidly-changing economy. Something transformative is happening in America that is having an adverse effect on American families. Whether policymakers and politicians admit it or not, workers have made clear their feelings about their economic insecurity and desire to keep good jobs in America.

        So why are people so insistent on ignoring the perils of automation? They are failing to look ahead at a time when planning for the future is more important than ever. Resisting automation is futile: it is as inevitable as industrialization was before it. I sincerely hope that those who assert that automation will make us more effective and pave the way for new occupations are right, but the reality of automation’s detrimental effects on workers makes me skeptical. No one can currently say where the new jobs are coming from or when, and any sensible company or country should prepare for all alternatives.

        I’m not overstating the danger: look at what’s happened to the labor force. According to economic research, one in six working-age men, 25-54, doesn’t have a job. Fifty years ago, nearly 100 percent of men that age were working. Women’s labor force participation, meanwhile, has slipped back to the level it was at in the late 1980s.

        American families and prominent business leaders are aware that there’s a big problem with automation. The value of a college degree is diminishing, and our upward mobility is declining. If we want an economy that allows everyone to be economically secure, we need to start thinking about how we can rightfully address automation.

48. What does the passage tell us about American workers in an era of transformation?

A
They feel ignored by politicians.
B
They feel increasingly vulnerable.
C
They keep adapting to the changes.
D
They keep complaining but to no avail.
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答案:

B

解析:

解析:B。根据题干中的American workers和transformation可定位至第四段最后两句。最后两段指出,美国正在发生一些变革(Something transformative),这对美国家庭产生了不利影响。不管政策制定者和政界人士是否承认,工人已经明确表达了他们对经济的不安全感,以及想在美国保持好工作的愿望。由此可知,在变革阶段的美国工人们感觉自己处于越来越不安稳的状态,B项与此内容相符,故正确。

错项排除:虽然原文第四段提到了从政者也许不承认变革所带来的不利影响,但这里说他们忽略的是这种影响,而不是忽略了工人们,故A项排除。C项的adapting和D项的complaining在文章中都无依据,故均可排除。

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