卢沟桥位于天安门广场西南15公里处，横跨永定河，是北京现存最古老的多拱石桥。卢沟桥最初建成于1192年，1698年重建，由281根柱子支撑。每根柱子上都有一头石狮。这些石狮的头、背、腹部或爪子上都藏着更多的狮子。这些石狮生动逼真、千姿百态，是卢沟桥石刻艺术的精品。桥上的石狮不计其数，因而北京地区流传着“卢沟桥上的狮子——数不清”的说法。

        卢沟桥不仅以其美学特征闻名于世，还被公认为石桥建筑史上的一座丰碑。

参考译文

The Lugou Bridge, located 15 kilometers southwest of Tiananmen Square, spanning the Yongding River, is the oldest surviving multi-arch stone bridge in Beijing. Originally built in 1192 and rebuilt in 1698, the Lugou Bridge is supported by 281 pillars. On each pillar is a stone lion carved with more lions on its head, back, belly and paws. These lifelike stone lions with various poses and expressions are great pieces of the stone carving art of the Lugou Bridge. Since there are countless stone lions on the bridge, it is often said in Beijing that “The lions on the Lugou Bridge are too many to count”.

The Lugou Bridge is not only world-renowned for its aesthetic features but also widely recognized as a milestone in the history of stone bridge construction.

词汇难点

卢沟桥 the Lugou Bridge

天安门广场 Tiananmen Square

横跨 span; stretch across

现存 existing; surviving

多拱石桥 multi-arch stone bridge

重建 rebuild柱子 pillar

腹部 belly

爪子 paw

生动逼真 lifelike

千姿百态 with various poses and expressions; different in postures and various in expressions

石刻艺术 stone-carving art

精品 great pieces

美学特征 aesthetic features/characteristics

丰碑 milestone; monument

表达难点

第一句：本句包含三个动词“位于”“横跨”和“是”，主语都是“卢沟桥”，可将“卢沟桥是北京现存最古老的多拱石桥”作为句子主干，“位于天安门广场西南15公里处”和“横跨永定河”可处理为定语从句，也可以处理为状语，用分词短语表示。“位于某地西南……公里”应译为located/situated...kilometers southwest of+地名。

第二句：本句包含三个动词“建成”“重建”和“由……支撑”，主语都是“卢沟桥”，可将“卢沟桥由281根柱子支撑”作为句子主干，“最初建成于1192年”和“1698年重建”可处理为状语，合译为Originally built in 1192 and rebuilt in 1698。

第三、四句：这两句联系较为紧密，由于第三句结尾和第四句开头都出现了“石狮”，可将第三句作为句子主干，将第四句处理为定语，修饰“石狮”，译为carved with more lions on its head, back, belly and paws。

第五句：本句的主语是“这些石狮”，可将“这些石狮是卢沟桥石刻艺术的精品”作为句子主干，“生动逼真、千姿百态”可处理成定语修饰主语。“生动逼真”可用lifelike一词表示，置于主语之前，“千姿百态”可拆分理解成“千姿”和“百态”，译为with various poses and expressions或different in postures and various in expressions，置于主语之后。

第六句：本句中的两个分句为因果关系，可将“桥上的石狮不计其数”处理成原因状语从句，后面的分句作为主句。“流传着……的说法”可转译为it is often said that...。

第七句：本句包含“不仅……还……”结构，表示递进关系，可使用not only...but also...句型。“以……闻名于世”可译为is world-renowned for...。