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单选题

Thinking kind thoughts about yourself and your loved ones can prove beneficial for your overall wellbeing, empirical evidence has shown. Researchers carried out an investigation to explore the (26) _____ between having kind thoughts and a person’s psychological state.

        For the study, five groups of participants were presented with a different set of audio instructions, some of which encouraged the participants to think (27) _____ about themselves and others which persuaded them to think in a self-critical manner. After listening to the audio instructions, the participants were asked to answer a series of questions. These included whether they felt agitated, how likely they were to show kindness to themselves and how (28) _____ they felt to other individuals.

        The participants who were instructed to think kindly about themselves were more likely to exhibit a bodily response associated with being relaxed and feeling safe. Their heart rates also dropped, which is a healthy sign of a heart that can respond flexibly to situations. Yet, (29) _____, those who listened to the critical audio clips were noted as having a higher heart rate and sweat response afterwards, both of which (30) _____ feelings of threat and distress.

        Having the ability to switch off the body’s natural threat response can (31) _____ a person’s immune system. This, in turn, gives them a greater likelihood of recovering quickly from illness. These findings help us to further understand some of our clinical trials research findings, where we show that individuals with (32) _____ depression benefit particularly from self-awareness-based (33) _____ therapy. They essentially learn to become more sympathetic to themselves.

        The sense is that for people (34) _____ to depression, meeting their negative thoughts and feelings with (35) _____ is a radically different way; that these thoughts are not facts. It introduces a different way of being and knowing that is quite transformative for many people.

(7)

A
signify
B
compassion
C
surpass
D
insulation
E
adversely
F
fascinated
G
prone
H
amiably
I
lavish
J
correlation
K
recurrent
L
cognitive
M
boost
N
indignantly
O
connected
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答案:

K

解析:

名词

boost 增长;提高

compassion同情;怜悯

correlation相互关系;关联

insulation隔热;隔音;绝缘

动词

boost 使增长;使兴旺

connected (-ed)(使)连接;联结

fascinated (-ed)使着迷

lavish过分给予;滥施

signify表示;说明

surpass超过;胜过

形容词

cognitive 认知的;感知的

connected有关联的

fascinated入迷的

lavish盛大的;挥霍的

prone  易于……的

recurrent  反复出现的;重复发生的

副词

adversely 不利地;相反地

amiably亲切地;友好地

indignantly  愤怒地;愤慨地

26. correlation 

解析:名词辨析题。空格前为explore the,空格后为between...and...结构,因此空格处应填入名词,作explore的宾语。空格所在句意为,研究人员进行了一项调查,以探究善意的想法和一个人的心理状态之间的____。结合上一句中所提到的对自己和所爱的人怀有善意的想法对整体健康有益,可知研究人员是想探究两者之间的关系,名词备选项中只有correlation(相互关系;关联)填入空格能构成合理语义,符合逻辑。

27. amiably 

解析:副词辨析题。空格所在句主干成分完整,空格位于think和about之间,因此应填入副词。空格所在句意为,其中一些音频鼓励参与者____看待自己,另一些则说服他们以自我批评的方式思考。结合上一句中的different可知,这两类音频内容不同,空格处应填入与self-critical意思相对的副词。副词备选项中只有amiably代入空格符合题意,表示“友好地看待自己”。

28. connected 

解析:形容词辨析题。空格所在部分为included的宾语成分,需要注意其本身为how引导的宾语从句,空格前为表示程度的how,空格后为they felt,因此空格处应填入形容词或动词分词做felt的表语成分。空格所在句意为,这些问题包括他们是否感到焦虑,他们对自己表示善意的可能性有多大,以及他们与他人之间有多么____。备选项中只有connected代入空格符合题意,表示“他们与他人之间的联系有多么紧密”。

29. adversely 

解析:副词辨析题。空格所在句主干成分完整,空格前后各有一个逗号,因此空格处应填入副词作状语,修饰整个句子。空格所在句意为,然而,____,那些听了批评性音频片段的人被发现心率更高和出汗更多。根据Yet可知,句子要表达的是和上一句内容相反的意思,副词备选项中只有adversely填入空格符合题意,表示“相反的是”。

30. signify   

解析:动词辨析题。空格所在部分为which引导的非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少谓语,因此空格处应填入动词。空格所在句意为,这两者都____他们感觉受到威胁和痛苦。上一句中提到,心率下降是一种健康的标志(sign),由此可知这一句中的心率升高则标志着他们感觉受到威胁和痛苦,因此空格处应填入与sign在意义上呼应的动词,备选项中只有signify代入空格能构成合理语义,表示“这两者都表明……”,符合题意。

31. boost 

解析:动词辨析题。空格所在部分谓语成分不完整,空格前为can,因此空格处应填入动词原形作谓语。根据句意,有能力关闭身体对威胁的自然反应可以____一个人的免疫系统。结合下一句中的recovering quickly from illness(在患病后迅速恢复)可知,空格所在句是要表达免疫系统的功能有所加强,动词备选项中只有boost代入空格能构成合理语义,表示“增强一个人的免疫系统”,符合题意。

32. recurrent   

解析:形容词辨析题。空格前为介词with,空格后为名词depression,因此空格处应填入形容词、动词分词或名词作定语。空格所在句意为,这些发现帮助我们进一步理解我们的一些临床试验研究结果,这些研究结果显示,____抑郁症患者尤其受益于……。备选项中只有recurrent代入空格符合题意,表示“复发性抑郁症”。

33. cognitive   

解析:形容词辨析题。空格前为self-awareness-based,是一个合成形容词,表示“基于自我意识的”,空格后为名词therapy,因此空格处应填入形容词、动词分词或名词作定语。空格所在句意为,复发性抑郁症患者尤其受益于基于自我意识的____疗法。结合后面一句提到这种疗法让人们学会对自己更有同情心,可知该疗法改变了人们的认知。备选项中只有cognitive代入空格能构成合理语义,表示“认知疗法”,符合题意。

34. prone  

 解析:形容词辨析题。空格所在部分为表语从句,从句主干成分完整,空格所在结构为介词for+宾语。空格前为名词people,空格后为to depression,因此空格处应填入形容词或动词的分词形式,作people的后置定语。空格所在部分意为,对于____抑郁的人来说……,应对他们消极的想法和感受是一种完全不同的方式。根据“消极”可知这里说的是与抑郁强相关的一类人。备选项中只有prone代入空格能够与to depression搭配构成合理语义,表示“容易抑郁的人”。

35. compassion   

解析:名词辨析题。空格所在句主干成分完整,空格前为介词with,空格后为is,因此空格处应填入名词,与with构成介宾短语。空格所在句意为,以____来对待他们消极的想法和感受是一种完全不同的方式。结合上一句提到的抑郁症患者经过治疗学会了对自己更具同情心(sympathetic),可知空格处应填入与此意思相关的词,名词备选项中填入空格能构成合理语义的只有compassion,表示“以同情之心来对待……”,符合题意。

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