Question 19 is based on the recording you have just heard.

Recording Two

听力原文

        Talk to anyone who is a generation of too older, and they would most likely comment that children are more spoiled these days. No one wants to have, or be around, demanding, selfish and spoiled children, those who get bad-tempered or silently brewed when they’re not given everything they want immediately.

        Paradoxically, the parents of such children encourage this demanding behavior in the mistaken belief that by giving their children everything they can, their children will be happy. In the short term, perhaps they are right. But in the longer term, (19) [such children end up lonely, dependent, chronically dissatisfied and resentful of the parents who tried so hard to please them.] Undoubtedly, parents want to raise happy children who are confident, capable, and likable rather than spoiled and miserable.

       (20) [One factor hindering this is that parents can’t or don’t spend enough quality time with their kids,] and substitute this deficit with toys, games, gadgets, and the like. Rather than getting material things, children need parents’ devoted attention. The quantity of time spent together is less important than the content of that time. Instead of instantly satisfying their wishes, parents should help them work out a plan to earn things they’d like to have. This teaches them to value their effort as well as what it achieves.

        Allow them to enjoy anticipation. Numerous psychological studies have demonstrated that children who learn to wait for things they desire are more likely to succeed in a number of ways later in life. One famous experiment in the 1960s involved 3- to 6-year-old children. They were given a choice between receiving a small reward, such as a cookie, immediately. Or if they waited 15 minutes, they could have two. Follow-up studies have found that those who chose to delay satisfaction are now more academically successful, have greater self-worth, and even tend to be healthier.

        (21) [If they failed, children should be encouraged to keep trying, rather than to give up, if they really want the desired result. This teaches them how to handle and recover from disappointment,] which is associated with greater success and satisfaction academically, financially, and in personal relationships.

        And lastly, parents should encourage their children to look at life from other points of view, as well as their own. This teaches them to be understanding of and sympathetic towards others—qualities sure to take them a long way in life.

19. What will happen to children if they always get immediate satisfaction?  （如果孩子总是能够立即得到满足，他们会怎么样？）

解析：B。录音中提到，从长远来看，这些孩子（such children）最终会变得孤独，依赖他人，长期不满，并对尽力取悦他们的父母心怀怨恨，从录音前面可知such children指的就是想要什么父母就会立即满足的小孩。B项与此内容相符，其中的end up lonely, dependent和dissatisfied原词复现，故为正确选项。

错项排除：录音中并没有提到小孩对他们的下一代如何，A项无依据，故排除。C项利用录音中的success进行干扰，但录音中是说学会等待的孩子在以后的生活中更有可能在许多方面取得成功，并没有说立即得到满足的孩子会经历更多的挫折，C项过度引申，故错误。D项的difficult to get along with others在录音中无依据，故排除。