Question 1 is based on the conversation you have just heard.

Conversation One

听力原文

M: How are you enjoying your new job?

W: So far, so good. I don’t miss having managers who deliver blunt, harsh feedback in the name of efficiency.

M: From the way you described your last company, no wonder they had a problem with high staff turnover.

W: Yeah, I couldn’t wait to get out of there once my contract expired. (1) [The problem with the company culture that prizes directness above all else is that it creates a toxic culture of brilliant jerks that drives people out and erodes itself from within.]M: (2) [My company’s managers tend to be accommodating and kind, overlooking mistakes or issues so as not to hurt feelings.] Issues often get ignored there until they build up and reach a crisis point.

W: That’s not surprising. My new company seems to employ a feedback policy that combines compassion and directness. (3) [Employees have the power to speak up, give feedback, disagree and discuss problems in real time.] It seems to help us to course correct, improve and meet challenges while also building teams that collaborate and care for one another.

M: But that would be based on an atmosphere of mutual trust, wouldn’t it? Otherwise, people might interpret feedback as some kind of personal attack.

W: True. Without an atmosphere of trust, feedback can create stress and self-doubt. But I think when we get feedback from someone we trust, we understand that the feedback isn’t some kind of personal attack. It’s actually a kind of support because it’s offered in the spirit of helping us improve. I think sometimes people need to shift their mindsets around how they receive feedback.

M: (4) [Yes. Constructive feedback, after all, is how we learn and grow.] It’s the basis for healthy parenting, lasting friendships, career development, and so much more. If we shelter our children, friends and colleagues from information that might enrich and enhance their lives, we’re not being caring. We’re actually doing harm to them.

W: That’s exactly right.

1. How does the woman describe her previous company’s culture?（女士如何描述她上一家公司的文化？）

解析：D。录音前面部分女士说到，上一家公司崇尚直截了当，这创造了一种极其有害的文化，toxic为原词复现，它除了表示“有毒的”，还有“极其有害的”之意，因此D选项符合题意。

错项排除：A选项在录音中未提及，故排除。B项利用录音开头出现的efficiency作干扰，但录音中女士说的是有关她上一家公司上级的情况，并不是在评价公司文化，故B项错误。录音中男士说自己所在公司的管理层往往通融友善，因此C项形容的是男士所在公司的管理者，并非女士上一家公司的文化，故排除。