Question 4 is based on the conversation you have just heard.

Conversation One

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M: How are you enjoying your new job?

W: So far, so good. I don’t miss having managers who deliver blunt, harsh feedback in the name of efficiency.

M: From the way you described your last company, no wonder they had a problem with high staff turnover.

W: Yeah, I couldn’t wait to get out of there once my contract expired. (1) [The problem with the company culture that prizes directness above all else is that it creates a toxic culture of brilliant jerks that drives people out and erodes itself from within.]

M: (2) [My company’s managers tend to be accommodating and kind, overlooking mistakes or issues so as not to hurt feelings.] Issues often get ignored there until they build up and reach a crisis point.

W: That’s not surprising. My new company seems to employ a feedback policy that combines compassion and directness. (3) [Employees have the power to speak up, give feedback, disagree and discuss problems in real time.] It seems to help us to course correct, improve and meet challenges while also building teams that collaborate and care for one another.

M: But that would be based on an atmosphere of mutual trust, wouldn’t it? Otherwise, people might interpret feedback as some kind of personal attack.

W: True. Without an atmosphere of trust, feedback can create stress and self-doubt. But I think when we get feedback from someone we trust, we understand that the feedback isn’t some kind of personal attack. It’s actually a kind of support because it’s offered in the spirit of helping us improve. I think sometimes people need to shift their mindsets around how they receive feedback.

M: (4) [Yes. Constructive feedback, after all, is how we learn and grow.] It’s the basis for healthy parenting, lasting friendships, career development, and so much more. If we shelter our children, friends and colleagues from information that might enrich and enhance their lives, we’re not being caring. We’re actually doing harm to them.

W: That’s exactly right.

4. What does the man say about constructive feedback?（关于建设性的反馈，男士说了什么？）

解析：C。录音后面部分男士表示，建设性的反馈是学习和成长的方式。C项中的learn and grow为原词复现，故C项正确。

错项排除：录音中女士表示，有时候人们需要改变他们接受反馈的思维方式，即以正确的心态看待人们的反馈，而不是建设性的反馈会改变人们的思维方式，故A项错误。B项的new discoveries和D项中的critical thinking在录音中未提及，故排除这两项。