Imagine that an alien species landed on Earth and, through their mere presence, those aliens caused our art to vanish, our music to homogenize, and our technological know-how to disappear. That is effectively what humans have been doing to our closest relatives—chimps (大猩猩).

        Back in 1999, a team of scientists led by Andrew Whiten showed that chimps from different parts of Africa behave very differently from one another. Some groups would get each other’s attention by rapping branches with their knuckles (指关节), while others did it by loudly ripping leaves with their teeth. The team identified 39 of these traditions that are practiced by some communities but not others—a pattern that, at the time, hadn’t been seen in any animal except humans. It was evidence, the team said, that chimps have their own cultures.

        It took a long time to convince skeptics that such cultures exist, but now we have plenty of examples of animals learning local traditions from one another.

        But just when many scientists have come to accept the existence of animal cultures, many of those cultures might vanish. Ammie Kalan and her colleagues have shown, through years of intensive fieldwork, that the very presence of humans has eroded the diversity of chimp behavior. Where we flourish, their cultures wither. It is a bitterly ironic thing to learn on the 20th anniversary of Whiten’s classic study.

        “It’s amazing to think that just 60 years ago, we knew next to nothing of the behavior of our sister species in the wild,” Whiten says. “But now, just as we are truly getting to know our primate (灵长类) cousins, the actions of humans are closing the window on all we have discovered.”

        “Sometimes in the rush to conserve the species, I think we forget about the individuals,” says Cat Hobaiter, a professor at the University of St. Andrews. “Each population, each community, even each generation of chimps is unique. An event might only have a small impact on the total population of chimps, but it may wipe out an entire community—an entire culture. No matter what we do to restore habitat or support population growth, we may never be able to restore that culture.”

        No one knows whether the destruction of chimp culture is getting worse. Few places have tracked chimp behavior over long periods, and those that have are also more likely to have protected their animals from human influence.

        Obviously conservationists need to think about saving species in a completely new way—by preserving animal traditions as well as bodies and genes. “Instead of focusing only on the conservation of genetically based entities like species, we now need to also consider culturally based entities,” says Andrew Whiten.

解析：A。根据题干中的we humans have been doing to chimps可定位到第一段。第一段第一句提出了一个类比假想：想象一下，有一个外星物种降临地球，仅仅因为他们的存在，我们的艺术就会消失，音乐就会变得千篇一律，科学技术知识就会不复存在。接着在第二句点出全文主题：而这就是我们人类对猩猩所做出的事情。也就是说，因为人类的存在，猩猩的文化正在衰败，A项与此内容相符，故为正确答案。

错项排除：原文没有提到人类在加速猩猩的灭绝，只是说人类正在破坏猩猩发展出的文化，故B项错误。C项利用第一段第一句中的alien species设置干扰，但原文中的alien species是影射猩猩眼中的人类，并不是说人类把猩猩当作外星物种看待，故C项排除。D项利用第一段第一句中的homogenize设置干扰，但原文中是用外星人同化人类的音乐来影射人类对猩猩文化的影响，并没有直接指出人类同化了猩猩的生活习性，故D项排除。