宋朝始于960年，一直延续到1279年。这一时期，中国经济大幅增长，成为世界上最先进的经济体，科学、技术、哲学和数学蓬勃发展，宋代中国是世界历史上首先发行纸币的国家。宋朝还最早使用火药并发明了活字（movable-type）印刷。人口增长迅速，越来越多的人住进城市，那里有热闹的娱乐场所。社会生活多种多样。人们聚集在一起观看和交易珍贵艺术品。宋朝的政府体制在当时也是先进的。政府官员通过竞争性考试选拔任用。 

全文普通版：

The Song Dynasty began in 960，and it continued to 1279. During the period, the China’s economy increased greatly and China was the most advanced economy in the world. Science, technology, philosophy and mathematics all developed vigorously at that time. China in the Song Dynasty was the first country to issue paper money in history all over the world. China also used gunpowder and invented movable-type printing in the Song Dynasty. The population increased rapidly and more and more people moved into the city where there were lively entertainment places. The social life was diverse. People gathered to watch and trade valuable artworks. At that time, the government system in the Song Dynasty was advanced in the world.

全文高配版：

The Song Dynasty lasted from 960 to 1279. During the period, China witnessed huge growth in the economy, making it the most advanced economy in the world. Science and technology, philosophy and mathematics also flourished at that time. In the Song Dynasty, China was the first country in the world to issue paper money. In the Song Dynasty, China was the first country in the world to issue paper money, use gunpowder and invent movable-type printing. With rapidly increasing population, more and more people moved into the city where there were bustling entertainment venues. People could enjoy various social life, getting together to appreciate and trade precious artworks. The Song Dynasty also enjoyed an advanced government system in the world, with all officials selected and appointed through the competitive examination.

第一句：宋朝始于960年，一直延续到1279年。

普通版：主谓宾、主谓宾结构。句子主干是“宋朝（开）始，（宋朝）持续”，“开始”是“begin”，“持续”是“continue”，那么整句话可译为：The Song Dynasty began in 960, and it continued to 1279.

高配版：整句话表达的宋朝的起始年份，由于第二句话的主语还是宋朝，那么可将“宋朝”省略，因此整句话可译为：The Song Dynasty lasted from 960 to 1279.

第二句：这一时期，中国经济大幅增长，成为世界上最先进的经济体，科学、技术、哲学和数学蓬勃发展。

普通版：主谓、主系表、主谓结构。句子主干是“经济增长，（中国）成为经济体，科学、技术、哲学和数学发展”，“经济”是“economy”，“增长”是“increase”，副词“大幅度”是“greatly”，“经济体”是 “economy”，“先进的”是“advanced”，“哲学”是“philosophy”，“数学”是“mathematics”，“发展”是“develop”，“蓬勃（地）”作为修饰“发展”的副词，是“vigorously”，那么整句话可译为：During the period, the China’s economy increased greatly and China was the most advanced economy in the world. Science, technology, philosophy and mathematics all developed vigorously at that time.

高配版：句子可采用“（由于）经济增长使（中国）成为经济体”的句式翻译，其中“大幅增长”可用词组“witness growth”翻译，由于“使……成为”是句中的第二个谓语，且表结果意，因此可使用非谓语中“doing”的形式翻译。“蓬勃发展”可用动词“flourish”翻译，那么整句话可译为：During the period, China witnessed huge growth in the economy, making it the most advanced economy in the world. Science and technology, philosophy and mathematics also flourished at that time.

第三句：宋代中国是世界历史上首先发行纸币的国家。

普通版：主系表结构。句子主干是“中国是国家”，其中“发行纸币”是“issue paper money”，那么整句话可译为：China in the Song Dynasty was the first country to issue paper money in history all over the world.

高配版：翻译“宋代中国”时，可将“宋代”置于句首，那么整句话可译为：In the Song dynasty, China was the first country in the world to issue paper money.

第四句：宋朝还最早使用火药并发明了活字（movable-type）印刷。

普通版：主谓宾、主谓宾结构。句子主干是“宋朝（中国）使用火药并发明印刷”，其中“火药”是“gunpowder”，“发明”是“invent”，“印刷”是“printing”，那么整句话可译为：China also used gunpowder and invented movable-type printing in the Song Dynasty.

高配版：句中的“最早”与上一句的“首个”意思相同，因此可将两句话合并翻译，因此整句话可译为：In the Song Dynasty, China was the first country in the world to issue paper money, use gunpowder and invent movable-type printing.

第五句：人口增长迅速，越来越多的人住进城市，那里有热闹的娱乐场所。

普通版：主谓、主谓宾、there be结构。句子主干是“人口增长，人住进城市，有场所”，其中“人口”是“population”，“增长”是“increase”，“住进”是“move into”，“娱乐场所”是“entertainment place”，“热闹的”是“lively”。“那里有”指的是“城市里有”，因此可用限定性定语从句把“城市”作为地点状语置于从句中，连接词使用“where”，那么整句话可译为：The population increased rapidly and more and more people moved into the city where there were lively entertainment places.

高配版：“人口增长迅速”可作为伴随状语置于句首，其中“热闹的”是“bustling”，那么整句话可译为：With rapidly increasing population, more and more people moved into the city where there were bustling entertainment venues. 

第六句：社会生活多种多样。

普通版：主系表结构。句子主干是“生活多种多样”，“多种多样”是“diverse”，那么整句话可译为：The social life was diverse.高配版：可用“人”作为主语，句子变为“人享受生活”，那么整句话可译为：People enjoyed various social life.

第七句：人们聚集在一起观看和交易珍贵艺术品。普

通版：主谓宾结构。句子主干是“人们观看和交易艺术品”，“观看”是“watch”，“聚在一起”是“gather”，“交易”是“trade”，“艺术品”是“artwork，“珍贵的”是“valuable”，那么整句话可译为：People gathered to watch and trade valuable artworks.

高配版：句子主语是“人”，与上一句主语一致，可将两句话合译，那么“聚集”是句子的第二个谓语，可用非谓语翻译，那么整句话可译为：People could enjoy various social life, getting together to appreciate and trade precious artworks.

第八句：宋朝的政府体制在当时也是先进的。

普通版：主系表结构。句子主干是“体制是先进的”，“体制”是“system”，“先进的”是“advanced”，那么整句话可译为：At that time, the government system in the Song Dynasty was advanced in the world.

高配版：若用“宋朝”作主语，可将句子改为主谓宾结构，谓语动词是“enjoy”，那么整句话可译为：The Song Dynasty also enjoyed an advanced government system in the world. 

第九句：政府官员均通过竞争性考试选拔任用。

普通版：主谓宾结构。句子主干是“官员（被）选拔任用”，“选拔”是“select”，“任用”是“appoint”，“竞争性”是“competitive”，那么整句话可译为：All of the government officials were selected and appointed through the competitive examination.

高配版：若用“宋朝”作主语，可将句子与上一句进行合译，并使用“with+名词+过去分词”的结构翻译，那么整句话可译为：The Song Dynasty also enjoyed an advanced government system in the world, with all officials selected and appointed through the competitive examination.