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单选题

It is important that scientists be seen as normal people asking and answering important questions. Good, sound science depends on (26)_____, experiments and reasoned methodologies. It requires a willingness to ask new questions and try new approaches. It requires one to take risks and experience failures. But good science also requires (27)_____ understanding, clear explanation and concise presentation.

    Our country needs more scientists who are willing to step out in the public (28)_____ and offer their opinions on important matters. We need more scientists who can explain what they are doing in language that is (29)_____ and understandable to the public. Those of us who are not scientists should also be prepared to support public engagement by scientists, and to (30)_____ scientific knowledge into our public communications.

    Too many people in this country, including some among our elected leadership, still do not understand how science works or why robust, long-range investments in research vitally matter. In the 1960s, the United States (31)_____ nearly 17% of discretionary (可酌情支配的) spending to research and development,  (32)_____ decades of economic growth. By 2008, the figure had fallen into the single (33)_____. This occurs at a time when other nations have made significant gains in their own research capabilities.

    At the University of California (UC), we (34)_____ ourselves not only on the quality of our research, but also on its contribution to improving our world. To (35)_____ the development of science from the lab bench to the market place, UC is investing our own money in our own good ideas.

(7)

A
indulge
B
pride
C
warrant
D
contextual
E
convincing
F
indefinite
G
digits
H
impairing
I
reaping
J
inertia
K
hypotheses
L
incorporate
M
devoted
N
arena
O
hasten
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答案:

I

解析:

名词

arena 场合

digits 数字

hypotheses 假设

inertia 惯性,惰性

pride 骄傲,自豪

warrant 许可证

动词

devoted 把……专用于,符合

hasten 赶紧,催促,促进

impairing 损害,削弱

incorporate 纳入,收录

indulge 迁就,纵容

pride 以……而自豪

reaping 收割,收获

warrant 担保,保证

形容词

B)contextual 背景的,与上下文相关的

C)convincing 令人信服的

J)indefinite 无期限的

26.  hypotheses

解析:名词辨析题。空格前是 depend on,空格后应填名词。备选项有A)arena (场合),E)digits(数字),G)hypotheses(假设),L)inertia(惯性、惰性),M)pride(骄傲、自豪),O)warrant(许可证)。空格处在一个并列关系中,要与experiments(实验)and reasoned methodologies(方法)并列。所以空格处应是与实验、方法并列的名词,故应填hypotheses(假设)。

27.  contextual

解析:形容词辨析题。空格前是动词requires,空格后是名词understanding,空格处应填形容词。备选项有B)contextual(背景的、与上下文相关的),C)convincing(令人信服的),J)indefinite(无期限的)。understanding 后有clear explanation and concise presentation这一并列结构,故空白处应填和clear、concise含义相近的形容词,因此应填B)contextual。

28.  arena

解析:名词辨析题。空格前是形容词public,可知空格处应填入名词。备选项有A)arena(场合),E)digits(数字),L)inertia(惯性、惰性),M)pride(骄傲、自豪),O)warrant(许可证)。根据语意,应填入A)arena,表示“公共场合”。

29.  convincing

解析:形容词辨析题。空格前是系动词is,空格后是and understandable,可知空格处应填入和understandable 并列的形容词,备选项有C)convincing(令人信服的),J)indefinite(无期限的)。从词义上看,应填入convincing,与understandable构成语义上的并列关系。

30.  incorporate

解析:动词辨析题。空格前是to,空格处应填入动词原形。备选项有F)hasten (赶紧、催促、促进),I)incorporate(纳入、收录),K)indulge(迁就、纵容),M)pride(以……而自豪),O)warrant(担保、保证)。再看空格之后有into,可知空格处的动词应该能跟into搭配。因此应填入incorporate。

31.  devoted

解析:动词辨析题。空格前是名词the United States,空格后是副词nearly,因此空格处应填动词作谓语。备选项有D)devoted(把……专用于),F)hasten(赶紧、催促、促进),K)indulge(迁就、纵容),M)pride(以……而自豪),O)warrant(担保、保证)。再看空格后出现了介词to,因此应填入可与之搭配的devoted。

32.  reaping

解析:动词辨析题。空格位于一个完整的句子之后,可见此处应填入动词的非谓语形式,作状语。备选项有H)impairing(损害、削弱),N)reaping(收割、收获)。再结合语义,空格前是“美国投入17%的可支配收入用于研究和发展”,空格后说“数十年的经济增长”,可知研究和发展之后收获了经济增长,故正确答案为reaping。

33.  digits

解析:名词辨析题。空格前是形容词single,空格处应填名词。备选项有E)digits (数字),L)inertia(惯性、惰性),M)pride(骄傲、自豪),O)warrant(许可证)。再看句意,上文中出现了figure,可知是跟数字相关,因此应填digits。

34.  pride

解析:动词辨析题。空格前是we,空格后是ourselves ,空格处应填入动词作谓语。备选项有F)hasten(赶紧、催促、促进),K)indulge(迁就、纵容),M)pride(以……而自豪),O)warrant(担保、保证)。根据语义,下文出现“不仅……我们研究的质量,而且……对改进世界的贡献”,故此处应填pride,sb. pride oneself on sth.表示某人在某方面感到自豪。

35.  hasten

解析:动词辨析题。空格前是to, 空格后是名词,因此空格处应填入动词原形,备选项有F)hasten(赶紧、催促、促进),K)indulge(迁就、纵容),O)warrant (担保、保证)。根据语义,“为了……科学从实验室到市场的发展,UC正在给我们的想法投资”,推断此处应填hasten。

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