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单选题

The robotics revolution is set to bring humans face to face with an old fear—man-made creations as smart and capable as we are but without a moral compass. As robots take on ever more complex roles, the question naturally (26)_____: Who will be responsible when they do something wrong? Manufacturers? Users? Software writers? The answer depends on the robot.

    Robots already save us time, money and energy. In the future, they will improve our health care, social welfare and standard of living. The (27)_____ of computational power and engineering advances will (28)_____ enable lower-cost in-home care for the disabled, (29)_____ use of driverless cars that may reduce drunk- and distracted-driving accidents and countless home and service-industry uses for robots,from street cleaning to food preparation.

    But there are (30)_____ to be problems. Robot cars will crash. A drone (遥控飞行器) operator will (31)_____ someone’s privacy. A robotic lawn mower will run over a neighbor’s cat. Juries sympathetic to the (32)_____ of machines will punish entrepreneurs with company-crushing (33)_____ and damages. What should governments do to protect people while (34)_____ space for innovation?

    Big, complicated systems on which much public safety depends, like driverless cars, should be built, (35)_____ and sold by manufacturers who take responsibility for ensuring safety and are liable for accidents. Governments should set safety requirements and then let insurers price the risk of the robots based on the manufacturer’s driving record not the passenger’s.

(5)

A
ascends
B
eventually
C
preserving
D
bound
E
proximately
F
interfere
G
definite
H
penalties
I
victims
J
programmed
K
arises
L
combination
M
widespread
N
manifesting
O
invade
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答案:

D

解析:

名词:combination(结合), penalties(处罚,惩罚), victims(受害者)

动词:arises(出现,上升), ascends(上升), bound(束缚,弹起), interfere(干涉), invade(侵略)

形容词:bound(必定的), definite(一定的,确切的), manifesting(显现的), programmed(程序化的), widespread(普遍的,广泛的)

副词:eventually(最后,终于), proximately(近似地)

非谓语:manifesting(证明,显示), preserving(保存,保护), programmed(规划)

26. arises 此处应该填入动词第三人称单数作谓语,ascends不能与主语question搭配,故只能填入arises,表示问题出现。

27. combination 此处应该填入名词做主语,结合句意:计算能力和工程学进步的____将会降低残疾人家庭护理的费用。显然只有combination符合句意。combination of A and B表示A与B的结合。

28. eventually 此处应该填入副词,结合句意:计算能力和工程学进步的结合____会降低残疾人家庭护理的费用。proximately不符合语义,故填入eventually。

29. widespread 此处应该填入形容词修饰use,与后面的countless uses for robots形成并列,故填入widespread。指机器人最终将普遍运用在无人驾驶汽车、家用和服务业等方面。

30 bound 此处考查固定搭配,be bound to do表示“必定,一定”。本句表示一定会有问题。

31. invade 此处应该填入动词原形作谓语,与privacy构成动宾搭配,invade one’s privacy表示“侵犯某人隐私”,属于惯用搭配。

32. victims 此处应该填入名词作介词to的宾语,结合句意:同情机器____的陪审团会让企业家受到惩罚。前文提到的机器人碰撞,无人机侵犯隐私,机器人割草机辗轧邻居的猫,这些都有受害者,故填入victims。

33. penalties 此处应该填入名词与damages并列,只有penalties一个备选项,且符合语义:足以摧毁公司的罚金和损失。

34. preserving 此处应该填入非谓语,结合句意:政府在给创新____空间的同时,如何保护人们呢?显然符合句意的是preserving。

35. programmed 此处应该填入过去分词,与built和sold构成并列,只有programmed一个备选项。

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